US20140270316A1 - Sound Induction Ear Speaker for Eye Glasses - Google Patents

Sound Induction Ear Speaker for Eye Glasses Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140270316A1
US20140270316A1 US14/180,986 US201414180986A US2014270316A1 US 20140270316 A1 US20140270316 A1 US 20140270316A1 US 201414180986 A US201414180986 A US 201414180986A US 2014270316 A1 US2014270316 A1 US 2014270316A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
acoustic
speaker
sound
microphone
eyewear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US14/180,986
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English (en)
Inventor
Dashen Fan
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Kopin Corp
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Kopin Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kopin Corp filed Critical Kopin Corp
Priority to US14/180,986 priority Critical patent/US20140270316A1/en
Priority to TW103108575A priority patent/TW201508376A/zh
Assigned to KOPIN CORPORATION reassignment KOPIN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FAN, DASHEN
Publication of US20140270316A1 publication Critical patent/US20140270316A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/10—Electronic devices other than hearing aids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
    • H04R5/0335—Earpiece support, e.g. headbands or neckrests
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/06—Hearing aids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • G10L21/0216—Noise filtering characterised by the method used for estimating noise
    • G10L2021/02161—Number of inputs available containing the signal or the noise to be suppressed
    • G10L2021/02166—Microphone arrays; Beamforming
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02—Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208—Noise filtering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • earphones have been used to present acoustic sounds to an individual when privacy is desired or it is desired not to disturb others.
  • Examples of traditional earphone devices include over-the-head headphones having an ear cup speaker (e.g. Beats® by Dr. Dre headphones), ear bud style earphones (e.g., Apple iPod® earphones and Bluetooth® headsets), bone-conducting speakers (e.g., Google Glass).
  • ear cup speaker e.g. Beats® by Dr. Dre headphones
  • ear bud style earphones e.g., Apple iPod® earphones and Bluetooth® headsets
  • bone-conducting speakers e.g., Google Glass
  • Another known way to achieve the desired privacy or peace and quiet for others is by using directional multi-speaker beam-forming.
  • Also well-known but not conventionally used to present acoustic sounds to an individual that is not hearing-impaired are hearing aids.
  • Such a hearing aid typically includes a clear “hook” that acts as an acoustic duct tube to channel audio speaker (also referred to as a receiver in telephony applications) sound to the inner ear of a user and act as the mechanical support so that the user can wear the hearing aid, the speaker being housed in the behind-the-ear portion of the hearing aid body.
  • audio speaker also referred to as a receiver in telephony applications
  • the aforementioned techniques all have drawbacks, namely, they are either bulky, cumbersome, unreliable, or immature.
  • the present invention related in general to eyewear, and more particularly to eyewear devices and corresponding methods for presenting sound to a user of the eyewear.
  • an eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention includes an eyewear frame, a speaker including an audio channel integrated with the eyewear frame, and an acoustic duct coupled to the speaker and arranged to channel sound emitted by the speaker to an ear of the user wearing the eyewear frame.
  • the invention is an eyewear sound induction ear speaker device that includes means for receiving an audio sound, means for processing and amplifying the audio sound, and means for channeling the amplified and processed audio sound to an ear of a user wearing an eyewear frame.
  • the invention is a method of providing sound for eyewear, including the steps of receiving a processed electrical audio signal at a speaker integrated with an eyewear frame, wherein the speaker includes an audio channel.
  • the speaker is induced to produce acoustic sound at the audio channel, and the acoustic sound is channeled through an acoustic duct to be presented to a user wearing the eyewear frame.
  • the invention is a method of channeling sound from eyewear device that includes the steps of receiving an electrical audio signal from electrical audio source at speaker integrated with an eyewear device, inducing audible sound from the electrical audio signal at the speaker, and channeling the audio sound to an ear of the user of the eyewear using the audio duct, the audio duct not blogging the ear canal of the ear.
  • the eyewear spectacle of the invention is relatively compact, unobtrusive, and durable.
  • the device and method can be integrated with noise cancellation apparatus and methods that are also, optionally, components of the eyewear itself.
  • the noise cancellation apparatus including microphones, electrical circuitry, and software can be integrated with and, optionally, on board the eyewear worn by the user.
  • microphones mounted on board the eyewear can be integrated with the speakers and with circuitry, such as a computer, receiver or transmitter to thereby process signals received from an external source or the microphones, or to process and transmit signals from the microphone, and to selectively transmit those signals, whether processed or unprocessed, to the user of the eyewear through the speakers mounted in the eyewear.
  • human-machine interaction through the use of a speech recognition user interface is becoming increasingly popular.
  • accurate recognition of speech is useful.
  • Such a machine output presentation facilitates hands-free activities of a user, which is increasingly popular.
  • Users also do not have to hold a speaker or device in place, nor do they need to have electronics behind their ear or an ear bud blocking their ear. There are also no flimsy wires, and users do not have to tolerate the skin contact or pressure associated with bone condition speakers.
  • FIG. 1A is a side view of one embodiment of an eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is a perspective view of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an acoustic duct of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of an acoustic duct of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is an illustration of an embodiment of an eyewear and sound induction ear speaker device of the invention that includes two remote microphones that are electronically linked with the eyewear frame of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device.
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of another embodiment of eyewear of the invention that includes three remote microphones.
  • FIG. 5A is an exploded view of a rubber boot and microphone according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the assembled rubber boot shown in FIG. 5A .
  • FIG. 6 is a representation of another embodiment of the invention showing alternate and optional positions of placements of the microphones.
  • FIG. 7 is an embodiment of a noise cancellation circuit employed in one embodiment of the eyewear sound induction user speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an illustration of a beam-forming module suitable for use in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a desired voice activity detection module employed in another embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a noise cancellation circuit employed in an embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is an example embodiment of a boom tube housing three microphones, in an arrangement of one embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an example embodiment of a boom tube housing four microphones in an arrangement of another embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a beam-forming module accepting three signals and another embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a desired voice activation detection module of yet another embodiment of the eyewear sound induction ear speaker device of the invention.
  • speaker and “audio speaker” are used interchangeably throughout the present application and are used to refer to a small, relative to the size of a human ear, narrow band (e.g., voice-band, for example 300 Hz-20 KHz) speaker receiver or that converts electrical signals at audio frequencies into acoustic signals.
  • narrow band e.g., voice-band, for example 300 Hz-20 KHz
  • eyewear 10 for example, a pair of prescription glasses, includes eyewear frame 14 .
  • Audio speaker 16 is integrated with eyewear frame 14 , and acoustic duct 18 is coupled to audio speaker 16 and arranged to channel sound emitted by speaker 16 to an ear of a user wearing eyewear frame 14 .
  • Speaker 16 is operatively linked, for example, to embedded receiver 28 .
  • “Operatively coupled,” as that term as used herein, means electronically linked, such as by a wireless or hardwire connection.
  • Acoustic duct 18 can be made from a pliable material and further arranged such that acoustic duct 18 does not block the ear canal of the user 20 .
  • Acoustic duct 18 can include point 22 and be horn-shaped, as shown in FIG. 1A .
  • a cross-section of acoustic duct 18 shown in FIG. 1C , can be oval-shaped or, as shown in FIG. 2 , acoustic duct 20 can be rectangular shaped.
  • Acoustic duct 18 does not have to be weight-bearing and is not designed to be weight-bearing since eyewear frame 14 is used to support the weight.
  • eyewear 10 further includes a second, acoustic duct 22 and second audio speaker 24 coupled to audio duct 26 and, like speaker 16 , operatively coupled to an electrical audio source, such as receiver 28 , which is integrated within eyewear frame 14 .
  • Second acoustic duct 22 is coupled to second audio speaker 24 and is arranged to channel sound emitted by audio speaker 24 to a second ear of a user wearing eyewear frame 14 .
  • speaker 24 can further include a second audio channel, the second audio channel being coupled through second speaker 24 to second acoustic duct 22 to provide stereo sound to the user wearing eyewear frame 14 .
  • Receiver 28 is operatively coupled to first speaker 16 , either alone or in conjunction with second audio speaker 24 .
  • Receiver 28 can be a wired or a wireless receiver, and receive an electrical audio signal from any electrical audio source.
  • the receiver can be operatively coupled to a 3.5 mm audio jack, Bluetooth wireless radio, memory storage device or other such source.
  • the wireless receiver can include an audio codec, digital signal processor, and amplifiers, the audio codec can be coupled to the audio speaker and coupled to at least one microphone.
  • the microphone can be an analog microphone coupled to an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, which can in turn be coupled to a DSP.
  • the audio microphone can be a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) microphone.
  • MEMS micro-electro-mechanical system
  • FIG. 1 For example embodiments, can include a digital microphone, such as a digital MEMs microphone, coupled to an all-digital voice processing chip, obviating the need for a CODEC all together.
  • the speaker can be driven by a digital-to-analog (D/A) driver, or can be driven by a pulse width modulation (PWM) digital signal.
  • D/A digital-to-analog
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • eyewear 10 of the invention can include a transmitter, whereby sounds captured electronically by microphones of eyewear that are thereby processed for transmission to an extend receiver or to at least one of audio speakers 16 and 24 .
  • An example method of the present invention includes channeling sound from an eyewear device.
  • the method includes receiving an electrical audio signal from an electrical audio source at a speaker integrated with an eyewear device, inducing audio sound from the electrical audio signal at the speaker, and channeling the audio sound to an ear of a user of the eyewear using an audio duct, the audio duct not blocking an ear canal of the ear.
  • the electrical audio signal can be supplied from any electrical audio source, for example, a 3.5 mm audio-jack, Bluetooth® wireless radio, and a media storage device, such as a hard disk or solid-state memory device.
  • a corresponding example method of providing sound for eyewear 10 can include: receiving and electrically processing sound at at least one of speakers 16 and 24 , integrated with eyewear frame 14 , speakers 16 and 24 including audio channels; inducing the electrically processed sound at audio speakers 16 and 24 integrated within eyewear frame 14 to produce acoustic processed sound; and, channeling the acoustic processed sound through acoustic ducts 18 , 22 to be presented to a user wearing eyewear 10 .
  • Example methods can further include arranging at least one of acoustic ducts 18 , 30 such that at least one of acoustic ducts 18 , 22 do not block the ear canal of the user, acoustic ducts 18 , 22 being comprised of a pliable non-load bearing material.
  • the processing can include preamplifying sound received from a wired or wireless receiver 28 using a pre-amplifier (not shown), further processing the amplified sound using a digital signal processor (not shown), converting the further processed sound into an analog signal, and postamplifying the analog signal to produce the electrically processed sound.
  • the processing can further include processing sound in a second audio channel, inducing the electrically processed sound of the second audio channel at second audio speaker 24 integrated with eyewear frame 14 to produce stereo acoustic processed sound and, channeling the second acoustic processed sound through second acoustic duct 30 to present stereo sound to a user wearing eyewear frame 14 .
  • an eyewear sound induction ear speaker device can include a means for receiving an audio sound, a means for amplifying and processing the audio sound, and a means for channeling the audio sound to an ear of a user wearing an eyewear frame.
  • FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example embodiment of an eyewear sound induction speaker device of the invention 300 .
  • eyewear sound induction speaker device of the invention includes eye-glasses 302 having embedded pressure-gradient microphones.
  • Each pressure-gradient microphone element can, optionally, and independently, be replaced with two omni-directional microphones at the location of each acoustic port, resulting in four total microphones.
  • the signal from these two omni-directional microphone can be processed by electronic or digital beam-forming circuitry described above to produce a pressure gradient beam pattern. This pressure gradient beam pattern replaces the equivalent pressure-gradient microphone.
  • a long boom dual-microphone headset can look like a conventional close-talk boom microphone, but is a big boom with two-microphones in parallel.
  • An end microphone of the boom is placed in front of user's mouth.
  • the close-talk long boom dual-microphone design targets heavy noise usage in military, aviation, industrial and has unparalleled noise cancellation performance.
  • one main microphone can be positioned directly in front of mouth.
  • a second microphone can be positioned at the side of the mouth.
  • the two microphones can be identical with identical casing.
  • the two microphones can be placed in parallel, perpendicular to the boom. Each microphone has front and back openings.
  • DSP circuitry can be in the housing between the two microphones.
  • Microphone is housed in a rubber or silicon holder (e.g., the rubber boot) with an air duct extending to the acoustic ports as needed.
  • the housing keeps the microphone in an air-tight container and provides shock absorption.
  • the microphone front and back ports are covered with a wind-screen layer made of woven fabric layers to reduce wind noise or wind-screen foam material.
  • the outlet holes on the microphone plastic housing can be covered with water-resistant thin film material or special water-resistant coating.
  • a conference gooseneck microphone can provide noise cancellation.
  • echoes can be a problem for sound recording. Echoes recorded by a microphone can cause howling. Severe echo prevents the user from tuning up speaker volume and causes limited audibility.
  • Conference hall and conference room can be decorated with expensive sound absorbing materials on their walls to reduce echo to achieve higher speaker volume and provide an even distribution of sound field across the entire audience.
  • Electronic echo cancellation equipment is used to reduce echo and increase speaker volume, but such equipment is expensive, can be difficult to setup and often requires an acoustic expert.
  • a dual-microphone noise cancellation conference microphone can provide an inexpensive, easy to implement solution to the problem of echo in a conference hall or conference room.
  • the dual-microphone system described above can be placed in a desktop gooseneck microphone.
  • Each microphone in the tube is a pressure-gradient bi-directional, uni-directional, or super-directional microphone.
  • a user can desire a noise-canceling close-talk microphone without a boom microphone in front of his or her mouth.
  • the microphone in front of the user's mouth can be viewed as annoying.
  • moisture from the user's mouth can condense on the surface of the Electret Condenser Microphone (ECM) membrane, which after long usage can deteriorate microphone sensitivity.
  • ECM Electret Condenser Microphone
  • a short tube boom headset can solve these problems by shortening the boom, moving the ECM away from the user's mouth and using a rubber boot to extend the acoustic port of the noise-canceling microphone. This can extend the effective close-talk range of the ECM. This maintains the noise-canceling ECM property for far away noises.
  • the boom tube can be lined with wind-screen form material. This solution further allows the headset computer to be suitable for enterprise call center, industrial, and general mobile usage.
  • the respective rubber boots of each microphone can also be identical.
  • the short tube boom headset can be a wired or wireless headset.
  • the headset includes the short microphone (e.g., and ECM) tube boom.
  • the tube boom can extend from the housing of the headset along the user's cheek, where the tube boom is either straight or curved.
  • the tube boom can extend the length of the cheek to the side of the user's mouth, for instance.
  • the tube boom can include a single noise-cancelling microphone on its inside.
  • the tube boom can further include a dual microphone inside of the tube.
  • a dual microphone can be more effective in cancelling out non-stationary noise, human noise, music, and high frequency noises.
  • a dual microphone can be more suitable for mobile communication, speech recognition, or a Bluetooth headset.
  • the two microphones can be identical, however a person of ordinary skill in the art can also design a tube boom having microphones of different models.
  • the two microphones enclosed in their respective rubber boats are placed in series along the inside of the tube.
  • the tube can have a cylindrical shape, although other shapes are possible (e.g., a rectangular prism, etc.).
  • the short tube boom can have two openings, one at the tip, and a second at the back.
  • the tube surface can be covered with a pattern of one or more holes or slits to allow sound to reach the microphone inside the tube boom.
  • the short tube boom can have three openings, one at the tip, another in the middle, and another in the back.
  • the openings can be equally spaced, however, other a person of ordinary skill in the art can design other spacings.
  • the microphone in the tube boom is a bi-directional noise-cancelling microphone having pressure-gradient microphone elements.
  • the microphone can be enclosed in a rubber boot extending acoustic port on the front and the back side of the microphone with acoustic ducts. Inside of the boot, the microphone element is sealed in the air-tight rubber boot.
  • the microphone with the rubber boot is placed along the inside of the tube.
  • An acoustic port at the tube tip aligns with the boom opening, and an acoustic port at the tube back aligns with boom opening.
  • the rubber boot can be offset from the tube ends to allow for spacing between the tube ends and the rubber boot. The spacing further allows breathing room and for room to place a wind-screen of appropriate thickness.
  • the rubber boot and inner wall of the tube remain air-tight, however.
  • a wind-screen foam material e.g., wind guard sleeves over the rubber boot fills the air-duct and the open space between acoustic port and tube interior/opening.
  • the eye-glasses 302 have two microphones 304 and 306 , a first microphone 304 being arranged in the middle of the eye-glasses 302 frame and a second microphone 306 being arranged on the side of the eye-glasses 302 frame.
  • the microphones 304 and 306 can be pressure-gradient microphone elements, either bi- or uni-directional.
  • Each microphone 304 and 306 is a microphone assembly that includes a microphone (not shown) within a rubber boot, as further described infra with reference to FIGS. 5A-5B .
  • the rubber boot provides an acoustic port on the front and the back side of the microphone with acoustic ducts.
  • the two microphones 304 and 306 and their respective boots can be identical.
  • the microphone elements 304 and 306 can be sealed air-tight (e.g., hermetically sealed) inside the rubber boots.
  • the acoustic ducts are filled with wind-screen material.
  • the ports are sealed with woven fabric layers.
  • the lower and upper acoustic ports are sealed with a water-proof membrane.
  • the microphones can be built into the structure of the eye glasses frame. Each microphone has top and bottom holes, being acoustic ports.
  • the two microphones 304 and 306 which can be pressure-gradient microphone elements, can each be replaced by two omni-directional microphones.
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of another embodiment of an eyewear sound induction ear speaker device 450 of the invention.
  • eyewear sound induction ear speaker 450 includes eye-glasses 452 having three embedded microphones.
  • the eye-glasses 452 of FIG. 4 are similar to the eye-glasses 302 of FIG. 3 , but instead employs three microphones instead of two.
  • the eye-glasses 452 of FIG. 4 have a first microphone 454 arranged in the middle of the eye-glasses 452 , a second microphone 456 arranged on the left side of the eye-glasses 4 , and a third microphone 458 arranged on the right side of the eye-glasses 452 .
  • the three microphones can be employed in the three-microphone embodiment described above.
  • FIG. 5A is an exploded view of a microphone assembly 500 of the invention.
  • the rubber boot 502 a - b is separated into a first half of the rubber boot 502 a and a second half of the rubber boot 502 b .
  • Microphone 501 is between the rubber boot halves.
  • Each rubber boot 502 a - b is lined by a wind-screen 508 material, however FIG. 5 shows the wind-screen in the second half of the rubber boot 502 b .
  • the air-duct and the open space between acoustic port and boom interior is filled with wind-screen foam material, such as wind guard sleeves over the rubber boots.
  • a microphone 504 is arranged to be played between the two halves of the rubber boot 502 a - b .
  • the microphone 504 and rubber boot 502 a - b are sized such that the microphone 504 fits in a cavity within the halves of the rubber boot 502 a - b .
  • the microphone is coupled with a wire 506 , that extends out of the rubber boot 502 a - b and can be connected to, for instance, the noise cancellation circuit described above.
  • FIG. 5B is a perspective view of microphone assembly 500 when assembled.
  • the rubber boot 552 of FIG. 5 is shown to have both halves 502 a - b joined together, where a microphone (not shown) is inside.
  • a wire 556 coupled to the microphone exist the rubber boot 552 such that it can be connected to, for instance, the noise cancellation circuit described below with reference to FIGS. 7 through 10 .
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of an embodiment of the invention 600 showing various optional positions of placement of the microphones 604 a - e .
  • the microphones are pressure-gradient.
  • microphones can be placed in any of the locations shown in FIG. 6 , or any combination of the locations shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the microphone closest to the user's mouth is referred to as MIC1
  • the microphone further from the user's mouth is referred to as MIC2.
  • both MIC1 & MIC2 can be inline at position 1 604 a .
  • the microphones can be positioned as follows:
  • position 4 604 d has a microphone, it is employed within a pendant.
  • the microphones can also be employed at other combinations of positions 604 a - e , or at positions not shown in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram 700 illustrating an example embodiment of a noise cancellation circuit employed in the present invention.
  • Signals 710 and 712 from two microphones are digitized and fed into the noise cancelling circuit 701 .
  • the noise cancelling circuit 701 can be a digital signal processing (DSP) unit (e.g., software executing on a processor, hardware block, or multiple hardware blocks).
  • the noise cancellation circuit 701 can be a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a system-on-a-chip (SOC), a Bluetooth chip, a voice CODEC with DSP chip, etc.
  • the noise cancellation circuit 701 can be located in a Bluetooth headset near the user's ear, in an inline control case with battery, or inside the connector, etc.
  • the noise cancellation circuit 701 can be powered by a battery or by a power source of the device that the headset is connected to, such as the device's batter, or power from a USB, micro-USB, or Lightening connector.
  • the noise cancellation circuit 701 includes four functional blocks all of which are electronically linked, either wirelessly or by hardwire: a beam-forming (BF) module 702 , a Desired Voice Activity Detection (VAD) Module 708 , an adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) module 704 and a single signal noise reduction (NR) module 706 .
  • the two signals 710 and 712 are fed into the BF module 702 , which generates a main signal 730 and a reference signal 732 to the ANC module 704 .
  • a closer (i.e., relatively close to the desired sound) microphone signal 710 is collected from a microphone closer to the user's mouth and a further (i.e., relatively distant from the desired sound) microphone signal is collected from a microphone further from the user's mouth, relatively.
  • the BF module 702 also generates a main signal 720 and reference signal 722 for the desired VAD module 708 .
  • the main signal 720 and reference signal 722 can, in certain embodiments, be different from the main signal 730 and reference signal 732 generated for the for ANC module 704 .
  • the ANC module 704 processes the main signal 730 and the reference signal 732 to cancel out noises from the two signals and output a noise cancelled signal 742 to the single channel NR module 706 .
  • the single signal NR module 706 post-processes the noise cancelled signal 742 from the ANC module 704 to remove any further residue noises.
  • the VAD module 708 derives, from the main signal 720 and reference signal 722 , a desired voice activity detection (DVAD) signal 740 that indicates the presence or absence of speech in the main signal 720 and reference signal 722 .
  • the DVAD signal 740 can then be used to control the ANC module 704 and the NR module 706 from the result of BF module 702 .
  • the DVAD signal 740 indicates to the ANC module 704 and the Single Channel NR module 706 which sections of the signal have voice data to analyze, which can increase the efficiency of processing of the ANC module 704 and single channel NR module 706 by ignoring sections of the signal without voice data. Desired speech signal 744 is generated by single channel NR module 706 .
  • the BF module 702 , ANC module 704 , single NR reduction module 706 , and desired VAD module 708 employ linear processing (e.g., linear filters).
  • linear processing e.g., linear filters.
  • a linear system (which employs linear processing) satisfies the properties of superposition and scaling or homogeneity.
  • the property of superposition means that the output of the system is directly proportional to the input.
  • a function F(x) is a linear system if:
  • F ( x 1 +x 2 + . . . ) F ( x 1 )+ F ( x 2 )+ . . .
  • A satisfies the property of scaling or homogeneity of degree one if the output scales proportional to the input.
  • a function F(x) satisfies the properties of scaling or homogeneity if, for a scalar ⁇ :
  • Prior noise cancellation systems employ non-linear processing.
  • linear processing By using linear processing, increasing the input changes the output proportionally.
  • non-linear processing increasing the input changes the output non-proportionally.
  • Using linear processing provides an advantage for speech recognition by improving feature extraction.
  • Speaker recognition algorithm is developed based on noiseless voice recorded in quiet environment with no distortion.
  • a linear noise cancellation algorithm does not introduce nonlinear distortion to noise cancelled speech.
  • Speech recognition can deal with linear distortion on speech, but not non-linear distortion of speech.
  • Linear noise cancellation algorithm is “transparent” to the speech recognition engine. Training speech recognition on the variations of nonlinear distorted noise is impossible. Non-linear distortion can disrupt the feature extraction necessary for speech recognition.
  • Wiener Filter is a filter used to produce an estimate of a desired or target random process by linear time-invariant filtering an observed noisy process, assuming known stationary signal, noise spectra, and additive noise.
  • the Wiener filter minimizes the mean square error between the estimated random process and the desired process.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram 800 illustrating an example embodiment of a beam-forming module 802 that can be employed in the noise cancelling circuit 701 of FIG. 7 .
  • the BF module 802 receives the closer microphone signal 810 and further microphone signal 812 .
  • a further microphone signal 812 is inputted to a frequency response matching filter 804 .
  • the frequency response matching filter 804 adjusts gain, phase, and shapes the frequency response of the further microphone signal 812 .
  • the frequency response matching filter 804 can adjust the signal for the distance between the two microphones, such that an outputted reference signal 832 representative of the further microphone signal 812 can be processed with the main signal 830 , representative of the closer microphone signal 810 .
  • the main signal 830 and reference signal 832 are sent to the ANC module.
  • a closer microphone signal 810 is outputted to the ANC module as a main signal 830 .
  • the closer microphone signal 810 is also inputted to a low-pass filter 806 .
  • the reference signal 832 is inputted to a low-pass filter 808 to create a reference signal 822 sent to the Desired VAD module.
  • the low-pass filters 806 and 808 adjust the signal for a “close talk case” by, for example, having a gradual low off from 2 kHz to 4 kHz, in one embodiment. Other frequencies can be used for different designs and distances of the microphones to the user's mouth, however.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an example embodiment of a Desired Voice Activity Detection Module 902 .
  • the DVAD module 902 receives a main signal 920 and a reference signal 922 from the beam-forming module.
  • the main signal 920 and reference signal 922 are processed by respective short-time power modules 904 and 906 .
  • the short-time power modules 904 and 906 can include a root mean square (RMS) detector, a power (PWR) detector, or an energy detector.
  • the short-time power modules 904 and 906 output signals to respective amplifiers 908 and 910 .
  • the amplifiers can be logarithmic converters (or log/logarithmic amplifiers).
  • the logarithmic converters 908 and 910 output to a combiner 912 .
  • the combiner 912 is configured to combine signals, such as the main signal and one of the at least one reference signals, to produce a voice activity difference signal by subtracting the detection(s) of the reference signal from the main signal (or vice-versa).
  • the voice activity difference signal is inputted into a single channel VAD module 914 .
  • the single channel VAD module can be a conventional VAD module.
  • the single channel VAD 914 outputs the desired voice activity signal.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram 1000 illustrating an example embodiment of a noise cancellation circuit 1001 employed to receive a closer microphone signal 1010 and a first and second further microphone signal 1012 and 1014 , respectively.
  • the noise cancellation circuit 1001 is similar to the noise cancellation circuit 701 described in relation to FIG. 7 , however, the noise cancellation circuit 1001 is employed to receive three signals instead of two.
  • a beam-forming (BF) module 1002 is arranged to receive the signals 1010 , 1012 and 1014 and output a main signal 1030 , a first reference signal 1032 and second reference signal 1034 to an adaptive noise cancellation module 1004 .
  • the beam-forming module is further configured to output a main signal 1022 , first reference signal 1020 and second reference signal 1024 to a voice activity detection (VAD) module 1008 .
  • VAD voice activity detection
  • the ANC module 1004 produces a noise cancelled signal 1042 to a Single Channel Noise Reduction (NR) module 1006 , similar to the ANC module 1004 of FIG. 7 .
  • the single NR module 1006 then outputs desired speech 1044 .
  • the VAD module 1008 outputs the DVAD signal to the ANC module 1004 and the single channel NR module 1006 .
  • FIG. 11 is an example embodiment of beam-forming from a boom tube 1102 housing three microphones 1106 , 1108 , and 1110 .
  • a first microphone 1106 is arranged closest to a tip 1104 of the boom tube 1102
  • a second microphone 1108 is arranged in the boom tube 1102 further away from the tip 1104
  • a third microphone 1110 is arranged in the boom tube 1102 even further away from the tip 1104 .
  • the first microphone 1106 and second microphone 1108 are arranged to provide data to output a left signal 1126 .
  • the first microphone is arranged to output its signal to a gain module 1112 and a delay module 1114 , which is outputted to a combiner 1122 .
  • the second microphone is connected directly to the combiner 1122 .
  • the combiner 1122 subtracts the two provided signals to cancel noise, which creates the left signal 1126 .
  • the second microphone 1108 is connected to a gain module 1116 and a delay module 1118 , which is outputted to a combiner 1120 .
  • the third microphone 1110 is connected directly to the combiner 1120 .
  • the combiner 1120 subtracts the two provided signals to cancel noise, which creates the right signal 1120 .
  • FIG. 12 is an example embodiment of beam-forming from a boom tube 1252 housing four microphones 1256 , 1258 , 1260 and 1262 .
  • a first microphone 1256 is arranged closest to a tip 1254 of the boom tube 1252
  • a second microphone 1258 is arranged in the boom tube 1252 further away from the tip 1254
  • a third microphone 1260 is arranged in the boom tube 1252 even further away from the tip 1254
  • a fourth microphone 1262 is arranged in the boom tube 1252 away from the tip 1254 .
  • the first microphone 1256 and second microphone 1258 are arranged to provide data to output a left signal 1286 .
  • the first microphone is arranged to output its signal to a gain module 1272 and a delay module 1274 , which is outputted to a combiner 1282 .
  • the second microphone is connected directly to the combiner 1258 .
  • the combiner 1282 subtracts the two provided signals to cancel noise, which creates the left signal 1286 .
  • the third microphone 1260 is connected to a gain module 1276 and a delay module 1278 , which is outputted to a combiner 1280 .
  • the fourth microphone 1262 is connected directly to the combiner 1280 .
  • the combiner 1280 subtracts the two provided signals to cancel noise, which creates the right signal 1284 .
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram 1300 illustrating an example embodiment of a beam-forming module 1302 accepting three signals 1310 , 1312 and 1314 .
  • a closer microphone signal 1310 is output as a main signal 1330 to the ANC module and also inputted to a low-pass filter 1317 , to be outputted as a main signal 1320 to the VAD module.
  • a first further microphone signal 1312 and second closer microphone signal 1314 are inputted to respective frequency response matching filters 1306 and 1304 , the outputs of which are outputted to be a first reference signal 1332 and second reference signal 1334 to the ANC module.
  • the outputs of the frequency response matching filters 1306 and 1304 are also outputted to low-pass filters 1316 and 1318 , respectively, which output a first reference signal 1322 and second reference signal 1324 , respectively.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram 1400 illustrating an example embodiment of a desired voice activity detection (VAD) module 1402 accepting three signals 1420 , 1422 and 1424 .
  • the VAD module 1402 receives a main signal 1420 , a first reference signal 1422 and a second reference signal 1424 at short-time power modules 1404 , 1405 and 1406 , respectively.
  • the short-time power modules 1404 , 1405 , and 1406 are similar to the short-time power modules described in relation to FIG. 9 .
  • the short-time power modules 1404 , 1405 , and 1406 output to respective amplifiers 1408 , 1409 and 1410 , which can each be a logarithmic converter.
  • Amplifiers 1408 and 1409 output to a combiner module 1411 , which subtracts the two signals and outputs the difference to a single channel VAD module 1414 .
  • Amplifiers 1410 and 1408 output to a combiner module 1412 , which subtracts the two signals and outputs the difference to a single channel VAD module 1416 .
  • the single channel VAD modules 14114 and 1416 output to a logical OR-gate 1418 , which outputs a DVAD signal 1440 .
  • Further example embodiments of the present invention may be configured using a computer program product; for example, controls may be programmed in software for implementing example embodiments of the present invention. Further example embodiments of the present invention may include a non-transitory computer readable medium containing instruction that may be executed by a processor, and, when executed, cause the processor to complete methods described herein. It should be understood that elements of the block and flow diagrams described herein may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or other similar implementation determined in the future. In addition, the elements of the block and flow diagrams described herein may be combined or divided in any manner in software, hardware, or firmware. If implemented in software, the software may be written in any language that can support the example embodiments disclosed herein.
  • the software may be stored in any form of computer readable medium, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), and so forth.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disk read only memory
  • a general purpose or application specific processor loads and executes software in a manner well understood in the art.
  • the block and flow diagrams may include more or fewer elements, be arranged or oriented differently, or be represented differently. It should be understood that implementation may dictate the block, flow, and/or network diagrams and the number of block and flow diagrams illustrating the execution of embodiments of the invention.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
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  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
US14/180,986 2013-03-13 2014-02-14 Sound Induction Ear Speaker for Eye Glasses Abandoned US20140270316A1 (en)

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US14/181,037 Abandoned US20140268016A1 (en) 2013-03-13 2014-02-14 Eyewear spectacle with audio speaker in the temple
US14/180,994 Active 2034-04-02 US9753311B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2014-02-14 Eye glasses with microphone array
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