US20140257009A1 - Method and apparatus for recovering synthetic oils from composite oil streams - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for recovering synthetic oils from composite oil streams Download PDFInfo
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- US20140257009A1 US20140257009A1 US14/201,095 US201414201095A US2014257009A1 US 20140257009 A1 US20140257009 A1 US 20140257009A1 US 201414201095 A US201414201095 A US 201414201095A US 2014257009 A1 US2014257009 A1 US 2014257009A1
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- C07C7/005—Processes comprising at least two steps in series
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
- C10G53/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/006—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents of waste oils, e.g. PCB's containing oils
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents with two or more solvents, which are introduced or withdrawn separately
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/16—Oxygen-containing compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/18—Halogen-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/20—Nitrogen-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/24—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
- C10G53/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step
- C10G53/06—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one extraction step including only extraction steps, e.g. deasphalting by solvent treatment followed by extraction of aromatics
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
- C10G53/08—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only including at least one sorption step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/003—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils distillation of lubricating oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G7/006—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils of waste oils other than lubricating oils, e.g. PCB's containing oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/006—Refining fats or fatty oils by extraction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
- C10G2300/1007—Used oils
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/22—Higher olefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
Definitions
- the ores disclosure relates to the recovery synthetic oils, and more specifically to the recovery synthetic oils from blended, composite or contaminated streams.
- a method for recovering synthetic oils from a feed stream includes separating at least a portion of the non-synthetic oil constituents from a commingled stream to produce a partially purified synthetic oil stream and one or more contaminant streams. At least a portion of the synthetic oil is separated from the partially purified synthetic oil stream to produce a synthetic oil stream and a second contaminant stream.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system for recovering synthetic oil from a waste oil stream, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of system for separating synthetic oil from a waste oil stream in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a controller for controlling a synthetic oil extraction process from waste oil in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Synthetic oils such as polyalphaolefins have unique thermal, electrical, lubricating, and chemical stability properties that make them suitable for a number of diverse uses, such as: a heat transfer medium in chillers, heaters, transformers, and engines; a seal material in vacuum equipment and pumps; a lubricant in turbines, combustion engines, chains, and mechanical equipment; a constituent in greases and metalworking fluids; and a component of cosmetics, food stuffs and medical supplies.
- the type of synthetic oil is generally defined by the process or the chemical precursors used to manufacture the synthetic oil.
- polyalphaolefins can be synthesized by the oligomerization of 1-decene or other alphaolefin monomers, which are combined to form longer chain molecules.
- Ester-based synthetic oils can be made from ester precursors.
- Other synthetic oils can be manufactured using gas to liquid technologies whereby methane molecules are combined to form longer chain molecules.
- some synthetic oil molecules can be manufactured by chemical reformation of petroleum streams, such as isomerization processes. The synthetic oil produced by each of these processes is consistent in chemical structure and physical properties.
- Synthetic oils through blending, usage and/or handling, can become contaminated with oxidation and degradation products, water, fuels, solvents, chemicals, petroleum products, fine particulates and the like. Service can also result in changes in the molecular structure of some of the synthetic oil molecules, thereby changing the original nature and performance of these molecules. These contaminants or changed molecules may reduce the desired performance of the synthetic stream as a whole, potentially rendering the composite stream unsuitable for its intended use. Contaminated synthetic oil is typically removed from pipelines, equipment or storage and considered waste.
- the present disclosure concerns the recovery of composite oil streams, contaminated oil streams, blended oil streams, waste industrial fluid streams or other oil sources that contain synthetic oil.
- synthetic oils produced and used in the United States and around the world has increased to the point where such use has become significant.
- the vast majority of the composite, contaminated, blended or waste synthetic oil is combined with industrial fuels and burned as a combustion fuel. This practice not only contributes significant pollutants to the environment, but also wastes the energy and resources that were used to generate these valuable synthetic streams from their precursors. Accordingly, the present disclosure recognizes the need to recover and reuse these synthetic streams.
- the disclosed synthetic oil recovery process recovers high percentage of the available synthetic molecules in the contaminated, composite, blended or waste oil stream in an environmentally friendly, economically viable and commercially sound manner.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system 100 for recovering synthetic oil from a waste oil stream, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a composite stream 102 consisting of at least a portion of synthetic oil line in addition to non-synthetic oil is charged to contaminant separation zone 108 , where contaminants with a molecular weight of less than 200 or greater than 15,000 or a boiling point less than around 500° F. and greater than around line 110 , is separated from the components that have a molecular weight between around 200 to around 15,000 or a boiling point between around 500° F. and 1200° F., line 114 .
- the materials recovered through line 110 can be low molecular weight materials such as light hydrocarbons, water, glycols, and the like, typically having a boiling range generally below about 500° F. and high molecular weight materials and non-volatiles including particulates, polymers, heavy petroleum product, salts, and the like, typically having a boiling point greater than about 1200° F.
- a portion of the synthetic oil constituents are recovered through a line 114 .
- This stream typically consists of molecules with a molecular weight of around 200 to around 15,000 typically having a boiling point between about 500 to about 1200° F.
- a portion of the synthetic oil is separated and recovered through a line 128 .
- Line 128 is primarily synthetic oil typically consisting of one or more of polyalphaolefins, esters and other types of synthetic oil molecules.
- a second stream line 124 which is oil that is low in synthetic oil molecules, is also produced. This is a relatively generalized showing of the process of the present disclosure.
- zone 106 some of the physical contaminants are separated from the synthetic oil.
- contaminants include water, light hydrocarbons, solvents, solids, polymers, high molecular weight hydrocarbons, chemicals, salts, non-volatiles, and the like.
- processes or combination of processes can be used to effect this separation including various forms of extraction, distillation, filtration, centrifugation, absorption and adsorption, and the like, as known to those skilled in the art.
- the separation will take place based upon differences in the physical or chemical properties of the synthetic oil fraction and the various contaminating materials.
- the partially purified synthetic oil stream, line 114 is then fed to zone 116 of the process where the remaining contaminants are removed from the synthetic oil.
- One or more of the following processes can be used to effect separation of the synthetic oil stream 128 from the non-synthetic oil components. These processes include one or more of various forms of solvent extraction, supercritical extraction, ultrafiltration, absorption, adsorption, molecular sieves, and the like, as known to those skilled in the art. Dehydration of the solvent used in solvent extraction is performed to reduce absorbed water to a much smaller percentage of solvent than would normally be used, such as to less than 0.1 percent as compared to 1 to 2 percent. This increased dehydration improves the quality of the synthetic oil stream 128 , even though the overall process efficiency may be lower than processes that utilize solvent with more dissolved water.
- the synthetic oil stream can be sold as a product to be used wherever synthetic oils are typically used or may be further treated to separate the synthetic oil into two or more synthetic or actions differing in one or more of molecular weight, morphology, chemical composition or physical properties.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of system 200 for separating synthetic oil from a waste oil stream in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
- distillation system 228 is shown for separating materials that have a boiling point less than 500° F., line 204 , from the composite stream, line thereby producing a partially purified synthetic and non-synthetic oil stream.
- the distillation system 228 consists of one or more vessels which may be operated under vacuum or at pressure and can be single or multiple staged as known to those skilled in the art.
- Stream 204 generally consists of one or more contaminants that have a low boiling point, such as water, light hydrocarbons, glycols, solvents, and other volatile materials such as might be found to have been combined with the synthetic molecules.
- the low boiling point contaminants can also contain breakdown products from the synthetic oil.
- the synthetic molecules In certain rigorous applications, it is possible for the synthetic molecules to split into two or more smaller molecules. One or more of these may be volatile below 50° F. and would end up in stream 204 . In the instances where the synthetic oil has not split or contaminated with volatile materials, the flow of stream 204 can be minimal or zero.
- the composite stream line 206 consists of the material that generally has a boiling point greater than 500° F.
- This stream discharges from the bottom of distillation system 228 and is optionally heated and charged into a second distillation system 230 .
- the second distillation system 230 consists of one or more distillation devices such as columns, evaporators, or the like, known to those skilled in the art for fractionating streams based on boil point.
- the distillation devices can be operated under vacuum and/or at pressure and can be single or multiple staged as known to those skilled in the art.
- distillation system 230 at least a portion of the molecules having a boiling point between 500° F. and 1,200° F. are separated from the balance of the composite stream.
- the compounds with a boiling point generally greater than 1200° F. are separated from the compounds with a boiling point between 500° F. and 1200° F. by distillation or in other suitable manners and exit the second distillation system through line 210 .
- the second stage of the process consists of solvent extraction and recovery.
- the stream in line 212 is generally passed through a cooler to a solvent treating vessel 232 .
- This solvent treating vessel is shown with a top and a bottom.
- a contact section is shown schematically in the center portion of the vessel.
- a solvent storage vessel is shown at 238 and supplies solvent to an upper portion of vessel 232 near its top via a line 226 .
- the solvent moves downwardly, counter-current to the partially purified synthetic oil stream via a line 212 , which is introduced near the bottom of contact section.
- the solvent does not react with the synthetic molecules, however, it does react with the non-synthetic molecules cleaving to them and causing them to be extracted from the synthetic molecules.
- the synthetic oil molecules are recovered with a portion of the solvent from the top of vessel 232 and passed via a line 216 to first solvent separation vessels 234 , which each have a top and a bottom, where the solvent is separated from the synthetic molecules and the synthetic oil is passed via line 222 to product storage.
- the use of multiple vessels increases the efficiency of synthetic oil separation process.
- Contact vessel 232 can have multiple injection points the vessel or associated columns, to control the solvent concentration in the vessel or associated columns.
- Line 222 thus contains purified synthetic stream which can be used in a number of applications wherein synthetic oils are used.
- Contact vessel 232 can be operated at a temperature range that is close to the stability limit at which the solvent and oil become completely miscible. In one exemplary embodiment, the temperature range can be controlled to that there are points within contact vessel 232 where the temperature stability limit is exceeded, and the solvent and on become completely miscible, but where the temperature at other points is below the stability limit.
- the solvent is recovered through a line 224 , and is typically treated to remove water, low boiling point contaminants, and the like through dehydrator 242 and returned to solvent storage 238 .
- the amount of water removed from the solvent is not limited, as is common in known processes, where the water content is used to improve the quality of non-synthetic oil.
- waste oil typically contains a greater amount of synthetic oil that is of greater value than the non-synthetic oil.
- the solvent recovery process can result in the buildup of organic acids as the solvent is reused. These organic acids can corrode the parts of system 200 , and can be removed with chemical treatment system 244 , which can process the solvent with caustic materials to neutralize the organic acids.
- a bottom stream 214 is recovered from vessel 232 and passed to a second solvent separation vessels 236 , each of which have a top and a bottom.
- vessels 236 the solvent is stripped from the extracted primarily non-synthetic contaminant and passed via a line 218 back to solvent storage 238 .
- the non-synthetic contaminants recovered from the bottom of vessel are passed via a line 220 to storage.
- a line 240 from one or more of the first the second solvent separation vessels 236 is provided back to vessel 232 .
- This line is relatively rich in solvent, even though it contains some extracted non-synthetic oil compounds and other compounds, and can be provided to vessel 232 to improve the overall process efficiency by reducing the amount of solvent that is processed through dehydrator 242 .
- two distillation systems are used to separate a portion of the contaminants from the synthetic oil fraction.
- an optional treatment vessel can be used to chemically treat the composite stream prior to entry into distillation system 224 to facilitate treatment.
- This chemical treatment can be an alkali or base material such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or an acid such as sulfuric acid, or other chemicals known reduce the amount of the composite stream components that cause to enhance separation and processing, to increase equipment availability and to enhance the quality of the synthetic oil or other products.
- vessels are used to separate various constituents from the synthetic oil fraction.
- These vessels can include simple evaporators, thin or wiped film evaporators, columns, packed columns, vessels, tanks, pipes or any suitable vessel or system that effects single or multiple stages of separation. These vessels may be operated under vacuum or pressure.
- the boiling point of stream 212 may be between about 650 and 1200° F.
- the boiling point range of the material recovered through line 212 can be modified if desired to produce a synthetic oil product having a slightly higher initial boiling point or the like.
- a distillation column can be used to fractionate the synthetic oil stream 222 into different fractions.
- one or more storage vessels can be used between Stage 1 and Stage 2 and the material passed to Stage 2 on a blocked out basis.
- Stage 2 would be used to purify each of the streams individually. While one first partially purified synthetic oil stream is being processed through Stage 2, the other stream(s) are accumulated in intermediate storage tanks. When the first stream tank is close to being emptied, Stage 2 can then be used to process the content of a second intermediate storage tank containing a second partially purified synthetic oil stream.
- Stage 2 is used to separate the similar molecular weight contaminants from the synthetic oil molecules.
- the solvent recovered from the synthetic oil stream 216 and the contaminant stream 214 are consolidated in a solvent storage vessel 238 .
- the solvent can be treated to remove any contaminants such as water or similar boiling point materials that may have contaminated the solvent.
- Such treatments include distillation, extraction, absorption, adsorption, osmosis, chemical treatment or other suitable treatments.
- distillation system 228 typically consists of one or more distillation vessels, which are operated under vacuum ranging from full vacuum to 500 mmHg and preferably between 2 and 30 mmHg and at a temperature generally between about 500 and about 750° F.
- the extraction process used in vessel 232 can include solvent extraction, with materials such as ethanol, diacetone-alcohol, ethylene-glycol-mono(low alkyl)ether, di-ethylene-glycol, diethylene-glycolmono(low alkyl)ether, o-chlorophenol furfural, acetone, formic acid, 4-butyrolacetone, low-alkyl-ester of low mono- and dicarbonic acids, dimethylformamide, 2-pyrrolidone and N-(low alkyl)-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolodone, epi-chlorohydrin, dioxane, morpholine, low-alkyl and amino(low-alkyl)morpholine, benzonitrile and di-(low-alkyl)sulfoxide and phosphonate, or other suitable separation processes.
- materials such as ethanol, diacetone-alcohol, ethylene-glycol-mono(low alkyl)ether,
- N-methyl-2-pyrolodone can also be used as a solvent for the process of the present disclosure.
- extraction is undertaken at a temperature between about 100° F. and about 250° F. and preferably between about 130° F. and about 190° F.
- both the solvent and partially purified synthetic all are fed into the extraction column within this temperature range, although not necessarily at the same temperature.
- the solvent dosage (percent of solvent relative to feed) fed to the extraction column is typically between 50% and 1000% by volume and preferably between 100% and 400%.
- extraction is undertaken in a packed or trayed column whereby the solvent is fed into the top of the column and partially purified synthetic oil is fed into the bottom.
- the packed column can contain structured packing, random packing or other suitable packing.
- Water may be injected into the solvent or extraction column as desired to control solvent selectivity.
- temperature gradients or regional heating or cooling can be used at various points along or across the extraction column to affect performance and selectivity. Recycles of both raffinate and extract at similar or different temperatures can also be employed.
- the solvent may be recovered from the raffinate stream in line and the extract stream in line using distillation. The distillation can be undertaken atmospherically or by using vacuum. Flash separators or multi-stage columns can be used or combinations thereof can be used in order to separate the solvent from the synthetic oil or the extracted contaminants.
- distillate ream from vessel 228 may be undertaken on the distillate ream from vessel 228 such as further separating the constituents his stream water, glycols, solvents, light hydrocarbons), thereby creating separate products which may be used or further upgraded to higher quality products.
- additional processing may be undertaken on the distillate ream from vessel 228 such as further separating the constituents his stream water, glycols, solvents, light hydrocarbons), thereby creating separate products which may be used or further upgraded to higher quality products.
- only one distillate cut is taken from vessel 228 .
- phase transfer catalyst or the like to enhance the operation of the second stage of the process whereby the efficiency, selectivity, and other attributes of the process are enhanced, thereby providing for better separation of the high quality base oil molecules from the lower quality molecules.
- the synthetic oil stream is separated from a composite stream wherein the synthetic oil is contaminated with other non-synthetic oil materials.
- the combination of these steps results in a process that is able to recover synthetic oils which heretofore have not been recovered.
- the recovered synthetic oil is available for reuse in many of its originally intended fields of service.
- the present disclosure has the benefits of recovering a valuable product stream and reducing demand for the synthesis of virgin streams from their precursors.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a controller 300 for controlling a synthetic oil extraction process from waste oil in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Controller 300 can be implemented in hardware or a suitable combination of hardware and software, and can include one or more software systems operating on a processor.
- “hardware” can include a combination of discrete components, an integrated circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other suitable hardware.
- “software” can include one or more objects, agents, threads, lines of code, subroutines, separate software applications, two or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in two or more software applications, on one or more processors where a processor includes a microcomputer or other suitable controller, memory devices, input-output devices, displays, data input devices such keyboards or mice, peripherals such as printers and speakers, associated drivers, control cards, power sources, network devices, docking station devices, or other suitable devices operating under control of software systems in conjunction with the processor or other devices), or other suitable software structures.
- software can include one or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in a general purpose software application, such as an operating system, and one or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in a specific purpose software application.
- the term “couple” and its cognate terms, such as “couples” and “coupled,” can include a physical connection (such as a copper conductor), a virtual connection (such as through randomly assigned memory locations of a data memory device), a logical connection (such as through logical gates of a semiconducting device), other suitable connections, or a suitable combination of such connections.
- System 300 includes synthetic oil extraction controller 302 , which includes low temperature distillation monitor 304 , high temperature distillation monitor 308 , solvent treatment monitor 312 , synthetic separator monitor 316 , non-synthetic separator monitor 320 , dehydrator quality monitor 324 , low temperature distillation heater controller 306 , high temperature distillation heater controller 310 , solvent treatment heater controller 314 , synthetic separator heater controller 318 , non-synthetic separator heater controller 322 , dehydrator neater controller 326 , low temperature distillation pump controller 328 , high temperature distillation pump controller 330 , solvent treatment pump controller 332 , synthetic separator pump controller 334 , non-synthetic separator pump controller 336 and dehydrator pump controller 338 , each of which can cc implemented as one or more objects having associated graphical and functional characteristics.
- Low temperature distillation monitor 304 generates one or more low temperature distillation metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics.
- low temperature distillation monitor 304 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- High temperature distillation monitor 308 generates one or more high temperature distillation metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics.
- high temperature distillation monitor 308 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Solvent treatment monitor 312 generates one or more solvent metrics, sob as pump speed, pressure, flow rate other suitable metrics.
- solvent treatment monitor 312 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Synthetic separator monitor 316 generates one or more synthetic separator metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics.
- synthetic separator monitor 316 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Non-synthetic separator monitor 320 generates one or more non-synthetic separator metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics.
- non-synthetic separator monitor 320 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Dehydrator quality monitor 324 generates one or more evaporator quality metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics.
- dehydrator quality monitor 324 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Low temperature distillation heater controller 306 generates one or more user-selectable controls for low temperature distillation on heater and pump 340 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- low temperature distillation heater controller 306 can interface with low temperature distillation monitor 304 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- High temperature distillation heater controller 310 generates one or more user-selectable controls for high temperature distillation heater and pump 342 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- high temperature distillation heater controller 310 can interface with high temperature distillation monitor 308 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Solvent treatment heater controller 314 generates one or more user-selectable controls for solvent treatment valve and pump 344 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- solvent treatment heater controller 314 can interface with solvent treatment monitor 312 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease temperature to response to a high temperature alarm or setting, to perform other suitable functions.
- Synthetic separator heater controller 318 generates one or more user-selectable controls for synthetic separator heater and pump 346 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- synthetic separator heater controller 318 can interface with synthetic separator monitor to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Non-synthetic separator heater controller 322 generates one or more user-selectable controls for non-synthetic separator heater and pump 348 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- non-synthetic separator heater controller 322 can interface with non-synthetic separator monitor 320 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Dehydrator heater controller 326 generates one or more user-selectable controls for dehydrator heater and pump 350 , such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls.
- dehydrator heater controller 326 can interface with dehydrator quality monitor 324 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Low temperature distillation pump controller 328 generates one or more user-selectable controls for low temperature distillation heater and pump 340 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control other suitable controls.
- low temperature distillation pump controller 328 can interface with low temperature distillation monitor 304 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- High temperature distillation pump controller 330 generates one or more user-selectable controls for high temperature distillation heater and pump 342 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls.
- high temperature distillation pump controller 330 can interface with high temperature distillation monitor 308 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Solvent treatment pump controller 332 generates one or more user-selectable controls for solvent treatment heater and pump 344 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls.
- solvent treatment pump controller 332 can interface with solvent treatment monitor 312 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Synthetic separator pump controller 334 generates one or more user-selectable controls for synthetic separator heater and pump 346 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls.
- synthetic separator pump controller 334 can interface with synthetic separator monitor 316 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Non-synthetic separator pump controller 336 generates one or more user-selectable controls for non-synthetic separator heater and pump 348 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls.
- non-synthetic separator pump controller 336 can interface with non-synthetic separator monitor 320 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Dehydrator pump controller 338 generates one or more user-selectable controls for dehydrator heater and pump 350 , such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls.
- dehydrator pump controller 338 can interface with dehydrator quality monitor 324 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions.
- Low temperature distillation heater and pump 340 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a low temperature distillation apparatus such as distillation 228 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- High temperature distillation heater and pump 342 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a high temperature distillation apparatus such as distillation 230 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- Solvent treatment heater and pump 344 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a solvent treatment apparatus such as 232 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- Synthetic separator heater and pump 346 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a synthetic separator apparatus such as separator 234 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- Non-synthetic separator and pump 348 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a non-synthetic separator apparatus such as separator 236 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- Dehydrator heater and pump 350 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a dehydrator apparatus such as dehydrator 242 . Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
Abstract
Description
- The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/774,027, filed Mar. 7, 2013 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/774,037, filed Mar. 7, 2013, and is related to U.S. Pat. No. 8,366,912, issued Feb. 5, 2013, which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if set forth herein in their entirety.
- The ores disclosure relates to the recovery synthetic oils, and more specifically to the recovery synthetic oils from blended, composite or contaminated streams.
- Large volumes of synthetic oils are produced wide, but are typically discarded after use.
- A method for recovering synthetic oils from a feed stream is provided. The method includes separating at least a portion of the non-synthetic oil constituents from a commingled stream to produce a partially purified synthetic oil stream and one or more contaminant streams. At least a portion of the synthetic oil is separated from the partially purified synthetic oil stream to produce a synthetic oil stream and a second contaminant stream.
- Other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will be or become apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following drawings and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the accompanying claims.
- Aspects of the disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:
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FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system for recovering synthetic oil from a waste oil stream, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; -
FIG. 2 is a diagram of system for separating synthetic oil from a waste oil stream in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; and -
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a controller for controlling a synthetic oil extraction process from waste oil in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. - In the description that follows, like parts are marked throughout the specification and drawings with the same reference numerals. The drawing figures might not be to scale and certain components can be shown in generalized or schematic form and identified by commercial designations in the interest of clarity and conciseness.
- Synthetic oils such as polyalphaolefins have unique thermal, electrical, lubricating, and chemical stability properties that make them suitable for a number of diverse uses, such as: a heat transfer medium in chillers, heaters, transformers, and engines; a seal material in vacuum equipment and pumps; a lubricant in turbines, combustion engines, chains, and mechanical equipment; a constituent in greases and metalworking fluids; and a component of cosmetics, food stuffs and medical supplies. There are several different means of producing such synthetic oils. The type of synthetic oil is generally defined by the process or the chemical precursors used to manufacture the synthetic oil. For example, polyalphaolefins can be synthesized by the oligomerization of 1-decene or other alphaolefin monomers, which are combined to form longer chain molecules. Ester-based synthetic oils can be made from ester precursors. Other synthetic oils can be manufactured using gas to liquid technologies whereby methane molecules are combined to form longer chain molecules. Additionally, some synthetic oil molecules can be manufactured by chemical reformation of petroleum streams, such as isomerization processes. The synthetic oil produced by each of these processes is consistent in chemical structure and physical properties.
- Synthetic oils, through blending, usage and/or handling, can become contaminated with oxidation and degradation products, water, fuels, solvents, chemicals, petroleum products, fine particulates and the like. Service can also result in changes in the molecular structure of some of the synthetic oil molecules, thereby changing the original nature and performance of these molecules. These contaminants or changed molecules may reduce the desired performance of the synthetic stream as a whole, potentially rendering the composite stream unsuitable for its intended use. Contaminated synthetic oil is typically removed from pipelines, equipment or storage and considered waste.
- The present disclosure concerns the recovery of composite oil streams, contaminated oil streams, blended oil streams, waste industrial fluid streams or other oil sources that contain synthetic oil. With advancements in technology, the amount of synthetic oils produced and used in the United States and around the world has increased to the point where such use has become significant. Currently, the vast majority of the composite, contaminated, blended or waste synthetic oil is combined with industrial fuels and burned as a combustion fuel. This practice not only contributes significant pollutants to the environment, but also wastes the energy and resources that were used to generate these valuable synthetic streams from their precursors. Accordingly, the present disclosure recognizes the need to recover and reuse these synthetic streams. The disclosed synthetic oil recovery process recovers high percentage of the available synthetic molecules in the contaminated, composite, blended or waste oil stream in an environmentally friendly, economically viable and commercially sound manner.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram of asystem 100 for recovering synthetic oil from a waste oil stream, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Acomposite stream 102 consisting of at least a portion of synthetic oil line in addition to non-synthetic oil is charged tocontaminant separation zone 108, where contaminants with a molecular weight of less than 200 or greater than 15,000 or a boiling point less than around 500° F. and greater than aroundline 110, is separated from the components that have a molecular weight between around 200 to around 15,000 or a boiling point between around 500° F. and 1200° F.,line 114. The materials recovered throughline 110 can be low molecular weight materials such as light hydrocarbons, water, glycols, and the like, typically having a boiling range generally below about 500° F. and high molecular weight materials and non-volatiles including particulates, polymers, heavy petroleum product, salts, and the like, typically having a boiling point greater than about 1200° F. A portion of the synthetic oil constituents are recovered through aline 114. This stream typically consists of molecules with a molecular weight of around 200 to around 15,000 typically having a boiling point between about 500 to about 1200° F. In afurther separation zone 116, a portion of the synthetic oil is separated and recovered through aline 128.Line 128 is primarily synthetic oil typically consisting of one or more of polyalphaolefins, esters and other types of synthetic oil molecules. Asecond stream line 124, which is oil that is low in synthetic oil molecules, is also produced. This is a relatively generalized showing of the process of the present disclosure. - In the first stage,
zone 106, some of the physical contaminants are separated from the synthetic oil. Typically, such contaminants include water, light hydrocarbons, solvents, solids, polymers, high molecular weight hydrocarbons, chemicals, salts, non-volatiles, and the like. Several processes or combination of processes can be used to effect this separation including various forms of extraction, distillation, filtration, centrifugation, absorption and adsorption, and the like, as known to those skilled in the art. Typically, the separation will take place based upon differences in the physical or chemical properties of the synthetic oil fraction and the various contaminating materials. In the second stage, the partially purified synthetic oil stream,line 114, is then fed tozone 116 of the process where the remaining contaminants are removed from the synthetic oil. One or more of the following processes can be used to effect separation of thesynthetic oil stream 128 from the non-synthetic oil components. These processes include one or more of various forms of solvent extraction, supercritical extraction, ultrafiltration, absorption, adsorption, molecular sieves, and the like, as known to those skilled in the art. Dehydration of the solvent used in solvent extraction is performed to reduce absorbed water to a much smaller percentage of solvent than would normally be used, such as to less than 0.1 percent as compared to 1 to 2 percent. This increased dehydration improves the quality of thesynthetic oil stream 128, even though the overall process efficiency may be lower than processes that utilize solvent with more dissolved water. The synthetic oil stream can be sold as a product to be used wherever synthetic oils are typically used or may be further treated to separate the synthetic oil into two or more synthetic or actions differing in one or more of molecular weight, morphology, chemical composition or physical properties. -
FIG. 2 is a diagram ofsystem 200 for separating synthetic oil from a waste oil stream in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. InStage 1,distillation system 228 is shown for separating materials that have a boiling point less than 500° F.,line 204, from the composite stream, line thereby producing a partially purified synthetic and non-synthetic oil stream. Thedistillation system 228 consists of one or more vessels which may be operated under vacuum or at pressure and can be single or multiple staged as known to those skilled in the art.Stream 204 generally consists of one or more contaminants that have a low boiling point, such as water, light hydrocarbons, glycols, solvents, and other volatile materials such as might be found to have been combined with the synthetic molecules. The low boiling point contaminants can also contain breakdown products from the synthetic oil. In certain rigorous applications, it is possible for the synthetic molecules to split into two or more smaller molecules. One or more of these may be volatile below 50° F. and would end up instream 204. In the instances where the synthetic oil has not split or contaminated with volatile materials, the flow ofstream 204 can be minimal or zero. - The
composite stream line 206 consists of the material that generally has a boiling point greater than 500° F. This stream discharges from the bottom ofdistillation system 228 and is optionally heated and charged into asecond distillation system 230. Thesecond distillation system 230 consists of one or more distillation devices such as columns, evaporators, or the like, known to those skilled in the art for fractionating streams based on boil point. The distillation devices can be operated under vacuum and/or at pressure and can be single or multiple staged as known to those skilled in the art. Indistillation system 230, at least a portion of the molecules having a boiling point between 500° F. and 1,200° F. are separated from the balance of the composite stream. The compounds having a boiling point less than 500° F. pass from the distillation devices whereon they are condensed and collected. The compounds with a boiling point generally greater than 1200° F. are separated from the compounds with a boiling point between 500° F. and 1200° F. by distillation or in other suitable manners and exit the second distillation system throughline 210. The compounds that have a boiling point generally between 500° F. and 1200° F., or partially purified synthetic oil, exit the second distillation system throughline 212 and are passed to the second stage of the process. - The second stage of the process consists of solvent extraction and recovery. The stream in
line 212 is generally passed through a cooler to a solvent treatingvessel 232. This solvent treating vessel is shown with a top and a bottom. A contact section is shown schematically in the center portion of the vessel. A solvent storage vessel is shown at 238 and supplies solvent to an upper portion ofvessel 232 near its top via aline 226. The solvent moves downwardly, counter-current to the partially purified synthetic oil stream via aline 212, which is introduced near the bottom of contact section. Upon contact, the solvent does not react with the synthetic molecules, however, it does react with the non-synthetic molecules cleaving to them and causing them to be extracted from the synthetic molecules. - The synthetic oil molecules are recovered with a portion of the solvent from the top of
vessel 232 and passed via aline 216 to firstsolvent separation vessels 234, which each have a top and a bottom, where the solvent is separated from the synthetic molecules and the synthetic oil is passed vialine 222 to product storage. The use of multiple vessels increases the efficiency of synthetic oil separation process.Contact vessel 232 can have multiple injection points the vessel or associated columns, to control the solvent concentration in the vessel or associated columns.Line 222 thus contains purified synthetic stream which can be used in a number of applications wherein synthetic oils are used.Contact vessel 232 can be operated at a temperature range that is close to the stability limit at which the solvent and oil become completely miscible. In one exemplary embodiment, the temperature range can be controlled to that there are points withincontact vessel 232 where the temperature stability limit is exceeded, and the solvent and on become completely miscible, but where the temperature at other points is below the stability limit. - The solvent is recovered through a
line 224, and is typically treated to remove water, low boiling point contaminants, and the like throughdehydrator 242 and returned tosolvent storage 238. The amount of water removed from the solvent is not limited, as is common in known processes, where the water content is used to improve the quality of non-synthetic oil. However, with the increasing use of synthetic oil, waste oil typically contains a greater amount of synthetic oil that is of greater value than the non-synthetic oil. As such, even though removal of as much water from the solvent as possible results in a decrease in the efficiency of the process (due to increasing energy and processing requirements for the dehydration process), and also results in less efficient processing of non-synthetic oil, the use of solvent with small amounts of dissolved water results in an improved quality of synthetic oil extraction. - The solvent recovery process can result in the buildup of organic acids as the solvent is reused. These organic acids can corrode the parts of
system 200, and can be removed withchemical treatment system 244, which can process the solvent with caustic materials to neutralize the organic acids. - A
bottom stream 214 is recovered fromvessel 232 and passed to a secondsolvent separation vessels 236, each of which have a top and a bottom. Invessels 236, the solvent is stripped from the extracted primarily non-synthetic contaminant and passed via aline 218 back tosolvent storage 238. The non-synthetic contaminants recovered from the bottom of vessel are passed via aline 220 to storage. In addition, aline 240 from one or more of the first the secondsolvent separation vessels 236 is provided back tovessel 232. This line is relatively rich in solvent, even though it contains some extracted non-synthetic oil compounds and other compounds, and can be provided tovessel 232 to improve the overall process efficiency by reducing the amount of solvent that is processed throughdehydrator 242. - In the embodiment described in
Stage 1 above, two distillation systems are used to separate a portion of the contaminants from the synthetic oil fraction. In accordance with the present disclosure, it may be desirable to use as few as one or as many as five distillation systems, each consisting of one or more vessels to effect this separation. - In the embodiment described above, prior to the first vessel of
Stage 1, an optional treatment vessel can be used to chemically treat the composite stream prior to entry intodistillation system 224 to facilitate treatment. This chemical treatment can be an alkali or base material such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or an acid such as sulfuric acid, or other chemicals known reduce the amount of the composite stream components that cause to enhance separation and processing, to increase equipment availability and to enhance the quality of the synthetic oil or other products. - In
Stage 1 of the embodiment described above, vessels are used to separate various constituents from the synthetic oil fraction. These vessels can include simple evaporators, thin or wiped film evaporators, columns, packed columns, vessels, tanks, pipes or any suitable vessel or system that effects single or multiple stages of separation. These vessels may be operated under vacuum or pressure. - In the practice of the present invention, it may be desirable in some instances for the boiling point of
stream 212 to be between about 650 and 1200° F. The boiling point range of the material recovered throughline 212 can be modified if desired to produce a synthetic oil product having a slightly higher initial boiling point or the like. Additionally, if desired, a distillation column can be used to fractionate thesynthetic oil stream 222 into different fractions. - In some instances, it may be preferable to create more than one partially purified synthetic oil stream from
distillation column 230, differing in terms of distillation profile. In this instance, one or more storage vessels can be used betweenStage 1 andStage 2 and the material passed to Stage 2 on a blocked out basis. ThusStage 2 would be used to purify each of the streams individually. While one first partially purified synthetic oil stream is being processed throughStage 2, the other stream(s) are accumulated in intermediate storage tanks. When the first stream tank is close to being emptied,Stage 2 can then be used to process the content of a second intermediate storage tank containing a second partially purified synthetic oil stream. - In the embodiment described above,
Stage 2 is used to separate the similar molecular weight contaminants from the synthetic oil molecules. In certain instances, it may also be possible to further upgrade the contaminant stream through further processing such as filtration, chemical treatment, or extraction using a different solvent, hydrogenation or other suitable processes. - In the embodiment shown above, the solvent recovered from the
synthetic oil stream 216 and thecontaminant stream 214 are consolidated in asolvent storage vessel 238. Either prior tovessel 234 or postvessel 238, the solvent can be treated to remove any contaminants such as water or similar boiling point materials that may have contaminated the solvent. Such treatments include distillation, extraction, absorption, adsorption, osmosis, chemical treatment or other suitable treatments. - In
Stage 1 of the embodiment shown above,distillation system 228 typically consists of one or more distillation vessels, which are operated under vacuum ranging from full vacuum to 500 mmHg and preferably between 2 and 30 mmHg and at a temperature generally between about 500 and about 750° F. - In the second stage of the embodiment shown above, the extraction process used in
vessel 232 can include solvent extraction, with materials such as ethanol, diacetone-alcohol, ethylene-glycol-mono(low alkyl)ether, di-ethylene-glycol, diethylene-glycolmono(low alkyl)ether, o-chlorophenol furfural, acetone, formic acid, 4-butyrolacetone, low-alkyl-ester of low mono- and dicarbonic acids, dimethylformamide, 2-pyrrolidone and N-(low alkyl)-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrolodone, epi-chlorohydrin, dioxane, morpholine, low-alkyl and amino(low-alkyl)morpholine, benzonitrile and di-(low-alkyl)sulfoxide and phosphonate, or other suitable separation processes. - N-methyl-2-pyrolodone can also be used as a solvent for the process of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, extraction is undertaken at a temperature between about 100° F. and about 250° F. and preferably between about 130° F. and about 190° F. Typically, both the solvent and partially purified synthetic all are fed into the extraction column within this temperature range, although not necessarily at the same temperature. The solvent dosage (percent of solvent relative to feed) fed to the extraction column is typically between 50% and 1000% by volume and preferably between 100% and 400%. Typically, extraction is undertaken in a packed or trayed column whereby the solvent is fed into the top of the column and partially purified synthetic oil is fed into the bottom. The packed column can contain structured packing, random packing or other suitable packing. Water may be injected into the solvent or extraction column as desired to control solvent selectivity. Similarly, temperature gradients or regional heating or cooling can be used at various points along or across the extraction column to affect performance and selectivity. Recycles of both raffinate and extract at similar or different temperatures can also be employed. In some instances, it may be beneficial to remove a side stream from the extraction column, raffinate or extract streams cool, and separate a portion of the solvent from the oil and return the oil to the column. The solvent may be recovered from the raffinate stream in line and the extract stream in line using distillation. The distillation can be undertaken atmospherically or by using vacuum. Flash separators or multi-stage columns can be used or combinations thereof can be used in order to separate the solvent from the synthetic oil or the extracted contaminants.
- In the exemplary embodiment described above, additional processing may be undertaken on the distillate ream from
vessel 228 such as further separating the constituents his stream water, glycols, solvents, light hydrocarbons), thereby creating separate products which may be used or further upgraded to higher quality products. In the disclosed embodiment, only one distillate cut is taken fromvessel 228. - It may also be suitable in some instances to use a phase transfer catalyst or the like to enhance the operation of the second stage of the process whereby the efficiency, selectivity, and other attributes of the process are enhanced, thereby providing for better separation of the high quality base oil molecules from the lower quality molecules.
- By the process of the present disclosure, the synthetic oil stream is separated from a composite stream wherein the synthetic oil is contaminated with other non-synthetic oil materials. The combination of these steps results in a process that is able to recover synthetic oils which heretofore have not been recovered. The recovered synthetic oil is available for reuse in many of its originally intended fields of service. Hence the present disclosure has the benefits of recovering a valuable product stream and reducing demand for the synthesis of virgin streams from their precursors.
-
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a controller 300 for controlling a synthetic oil extraction process from waste oil in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Controller 300 can be implemented in hardware or a suitable combination of hardware and software, and can include one or more software systems operating on a processor. - As used herein, “hardware” can include a combination of discrete components, an integrated circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other suitable hardware. As used herein, “software” can include one or more objects, agents, threads, lines of code, subroutines, separate software applications, two or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in two or more software applications, on one or more processors where a processor includes a microcomputer or other suitable controller, memory devices, input-output devices, displays, data input devices such keyboards or mice, peripherals such as printers and speakers, associated drivers, control cards, power sources, network devices, docking station devices, or other suitable devices operating under control of software systems in conjunction with the processor or other devices), or other suitable software structures. In one exemplary embodiment, software can include one or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in a general purpose software application, such as an operating system, and one or more lines of code or other suitable software structures operating in a specific purpose software application. As used herein, the term “couple” and its cognate terms, such as “couples” and “coupled,” can include a physical connection (such as a copper conductor), a virtual connection (such as through randomly assigned memory locations of a data memory device), a logical connection (such as through logical gates of a semiconducting device), other suitable connections, or a suitable combination of such connections.
- System 300 includes synthetic
oil extraction controller 302, which includes lowtemperature distillation monitor 304, hightemperature distillation monitor 308,solvent treatment monitor 312,synthetic separator monitor 316,non-synthetic separator monitor 320,dehydrator quality monitor 324, low temperaturedistillation heater controller 306, high temperaturedistillation heater controller 310, solventtreatment heater controller 314, syntheticseparator heater controller 318, non-syntheticseparator heater controller 322, dehydratorneater controller 326, low temperaturedistillation pump controller 328, high temperaturedistillation pump controller 330, solventtreatment pump controller 332, syntheticseparator pump controller 334, non-syntheticseparator pump controller 336 anddehydrator pump controller 338, each of which can cc implemented as one or more objects having associated graphical and functional characteristics. Consolidation of these monitors and controls in a single location, display panel or set of display panels allows process variables to be readily monitored and coordinated, unlike separate systems in different locations that have to be monitored and adjusted over time. Such separate systems can have process variations that are not observed by a single operator, which can result in lower quality, lower efficiency or other problems. These problems are more pronounced and significant when processing waste oil with high amounts of synthetic oil compounds, because the quality of the waste oil and the composite compounds of the waste oil can be highly variable, which can make it difficult to adjust process variables over time. - Low
temperature distillation monitor 304 generates one or more low temperature distillation metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment, lowtemperature distillation monitor 304 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions. - High
temperature distillation monitor 308 generates one or more high temperature distillation metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment, hightemperature distillation monitor 308 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions. - Solvent treatment monitor 312 generates one or more solvent metrics, sob as pump speed, pressure, flow rate other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment,
solvent treatment monitor 312 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions. - Synthetic separator monitor 316 generates one or more synthetic separator metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment, synthetic separator monitor 316 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Non-synthetic separator monitor 320 generates one or more non-synthetic separator metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment, non-synthetic separator monitor 320 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Dehydrator quality monitor 324 generates one or more evaporator quality metrics, such as temperature, pump speed, pressure, flow rate or other suitable metrics. In one exemplary embodiment, dehydrator quality monitor 324 can include one or more user-selectable controls that allow a user to display or hide a metric, to increase the size of a display for a metric, to add an audible alarm for a metric, or other suitable functions.
- Low temperature
distillation heater controller 306 generates one or more user-selectable controls for low temperature distillation on heater and pump 340, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, low temperaturedistillation heater controller 306 can interface with lowtemperature distillation monitor 304 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - High temperature
distillation heater controller 310 generates one or more user-selectable controls for high temperature distillation heater and pump 342, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, high temperaturedistillation heater controller 310 can interface with hightemperature distillation monitor 308 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Solvent
treatment heater controller 314 generates one or more user-selectable controls for solvent treatment valve and pump 344, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, solventtreatment heater controller 314 can interface withsolvent treatment monitor 312 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease temperature to response to a high temperature alarm or setting, to perform other suitable functions. - Synthetic
separator heater controller 318 generates one or more user-selectable controls for synthetic separator heater and pump 346, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, syntheticseparator heater controller 318 can interface with synthetic separator monitor to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Non-synthetic
separator heater controller 322 generates one or more user-selectable controls for non-synthetic separator heater and pump 348, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, non-syntheticseparator heater controller 322 can interface with non-synthetic separator monitor 320 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. -
Dehydrator heater controller 326 generates one or more user-selectable controls for dehydrator heater and pump 350, such as an increase temperature control, a decrease temperature control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment,dehydrator heater controller 326 can interface with dehydrator quality monitor 324 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a temperature in response to a low temperature alarm or setting, to decrease a temperature in response to a high temperature alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Low temperature
distillation pump controller 328 generates one or more user-selectable controls for low temperature distillation heater and pump 340, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, low temperaturedistillation pump controller 328 can interface with lowtemperature distillation monitor 304 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - High temperature
distillation pump controller 330 generates one or more user-selectable controls for high temperature distillation heater and pump 342, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, high temperaturedistillation pump controller 330 can interface with hightemperature distillation monitor 308 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Solvent
treatment pump controller 332 generates one or more user-selectable controls for solvent treatment heater and pump 344, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, solventtreatment pump controller 332 can interface withsolvent treatment monitor 312 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Synthetic
separator pump controller 334 generates one or more user-selectable controls for synthetic separator heater and pump 346, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, syntheticseparator pump controller 334 can interface with synthetic separator monitor 316 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Non-synthetic
separator pump controller 336 generates one or more user-selectable controls for non-synthetic separator heater and pump 348, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment, non-syntheticseparator pump controller 336 can interface with non-synthetic separator monitor 320 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. -
Dehydrator pump controller 338 generates one or more user-selectable controls for dehydrator heater and pump 350, such as an increase pump speed control, a decrease pump speed control or other suitable controls. In one exemplary embodiment,dehydrator pump controller 338 can interface with dehydrator quality monitor 324 to perform a suitable function in response to an alarm or setting, such as to increase a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a low pressure alarm or setting, to decrease a pump speed and change associated valve settings in response to a high pressure alarm or setting, or to perform other suitable functions. - Low temperature distillation heater and pump 340 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a low temperature distillation apparatus such as
distillation 228. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided. - High temperature distillation heater and pump 342 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a high temperature distillation apparatus such as
distillation 230. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided. - Solvent treatment heater and pump 344 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a solvent treatment apparatus such as 232. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided.
- Synthetic separator heater and pump 346 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a synthetic separator apparatus such as
separator 234. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided. - Non-synthetic separator and pump 348 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a non-synthetic separator apparatus such as
separator 236. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided. - Dehydrator heater and pump 350 can include one or more heaters, pumps, valves, chillers, compressors and other associated components of a dehydrator apparatus such as
dehydrator 242. Although exemplary systems for heater and pump control are described herein, additional systems for individual or group control of valves, chillers, compressors or other components can also or alternatively be provided. - It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely examples of possible implementations. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.
Claims (20)
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-
2014
- 2014-01-30 US US14/169,126 patent/US20140257000A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-01-30 WO PCT/IB2014/000462 patent/WO2014135966A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-01-30 WO PCT/IB2014/000465 patent/WO2014135968A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-01-30 US US14/169,113 patent/US20140257008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-03 CA CA2946136A patent/CA2946136C/en active Active
- 2014-03-06 MX MX2022001317A patent/MX2022001317A/en unknown
- 2014-03-07 US US14/201,165 patent/US9677013B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-07 US US14/201,095 patent/US20140257009A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2017
- 2017-01-26 US US15/416,069 patent/US10287513B2/en active Active
- 2017-02-09 US US15/428,195 patent/US10287514B2/en active Active
- 2017-06-09 US US15/618,603 patent/US20170275538A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20140257000A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
US10287514B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
WO2014135966A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
WO2014135968A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 |
US20170275538A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
US20170152449A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
US10287513B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
US20140251869A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
US9677013B2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
CA2946136C (en) | 2019-08-06 |
US20170130143A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
US20140257008A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
CA2946136A1 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
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