US20140196876A1 - Header Tank, Heat Exchanger And Corresponding Method Of Assembly - Google Patents
Header Tank, Heat Exchanger And Corresponding Method Of Assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20140196876A1 US20140196876A1 US14/232,213 US201214232213A US2014196876A1 US 20140196876 A1 US20140196876 A1 US 20140196876A1 US 201214232213 A US201214232213 A US 201214232213A US 2014196876 A1 US2014196876 A1 US 2014196876A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- header
- header tank
- plate
- end plates
- sealing means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
- F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a header tank for a heat exchanger, particularly for a motor vehicle.
- the invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one such header tank and to a corresponding method of assembling the exchanger.
- Heat exchangers used in motor vehicles, for example to cool the engine coolant are already known.
- such a heat exchanger comprises a core bundle of tubes and possibly fins interposed between the tubes, and two header tanks.
- a header tank generally comprises at least two parts: a header plate that accepts the ends of the tubes and a cover that is fixed to the header plate to close the header tank.
- All-metal header tanks are known as are, alternatively, tanks with a cover made of plastic.
- header tank that has a cover made of plastic requires a sealing means, conventionally an elastic gasket, to provide a perfectly sealed joint between the cover and the header plate.
- the header plate may have a groove or slot in which the sealing means is placed and positioned. The cover is then positioned on the sealing means then the cover is fixed to the header plate to close the header tank.
- flat header plates that have no groove or slot for notably making it easier to position the gasket and hold it in place.
- the expression “flat header plate” means that this header plate extends over a flat single surface, with the exception of any collars that may be conventionally provided as projections to accept the ends of the tubes. In particular, at its periphery, the header plate therefore has no groove or the like generally used to house the sealing means.
- the main problem lies with positioning the gasket on the header plate before the cover is fitted because this operation of positioning the gasket is the main root cause of the difficulties encountered in production.
- the gasket may be incorrectly positioned.
- the gasket may exhibit a manufacturing defect which causes it to twist, this intrinsic defect in the gasket not being easy to spot because of the dimensions of the gasket or even because of its colour.
- Positioning the gasket is generally an operation performed by hand by an operator.
- the gasket has protrusions situated at the four corners that allow the gasket to be stretched, these protrusions then being positioned in dedicated slots on the header plate.
- One major disadvantage with this solution lies in the need to create the slots at the various corners of the header plate, this representing an additional manufacturing cost and weakening the header plate, particularly reducing its resistance to cyclic pressure variations.
- the protrusions on the gasket protrude beyond the header tank, they increase the amount of space occupied by the header tank.
- sealing means is arranged on at least two ends of tubes.
- the tubes may become deformed during the operation of crimping the cover to the header plate. Forces then being transmitted to the tubes by the gasket.
- a header tank for a heat exchanger comprising:
- the said header tank may further comprise one or more of the following features, considered separately or in combination:
- the invention also relates to a heat exchanger, particularly for motor vehicles, comprising a heat exchange core bundle comprising a stack of parallel tubes and of at least two end plates of the said stack which are parallel to the said tubes, characterized in that the said exchanger further comprises at least one such header tank to which the said tubes and the said end plates are respectively fixed.
- the said exchanger may further comprise one or more of the following features, considered separately or in combination:
- the invention further relates to a method of assembling such a heat exchanger, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- FIG. 1 is a simplified exploded view of a header tank according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a flat header plate of the header tank of FIG. 1 ,
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate of FIG. 2 according to an alternative form of embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate with collars according to another alternative form of embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a simplified exploded view of the header tank with a header plate according to the alternative form of embodiment of FIG. 4 ,
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a gasket that complements the header plate of FIGS. 4 and 5 ,
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a header plate with a groove for housing a sealing means according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate of FIG. 7 according to an alternative form of embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate of FIG. 7 according to another alternative form of embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a header plate with a U-shaped groove for housing a sealing means according to a third embodiment.
- FIGS. 5 to 7 that correspond to the elements of FIGS. 1 to 4 bear the same references preceded by one in the hundreds.
- FIG. 10 that correspond to the elements of FIGS. 1 to 6 or 7 to 9 bear the same references preceded by two in the hundreds.
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, notably for cooling the engine coolant.
- the invention may apply to a brazed heat exchanger.
- FIG. 1 depicts, in the form of a schematic simplification, a first embodiment of a header tank 1 for a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange core bundle 3 depicted partially and schematically in FIGS. 2 to 4 .
- the core bundle 3 comprises a stack of a multiplicity of tubes 5 which are arranged as one or more rows of tubes. Only the ends of the tubes 5 can be seen in FIGS. 2 to 4 . The ends of the tubes 5 protrude into the header tank 1 by a length L.
- the exchanger also has two end plates 7 one on either side of the stack of tubes 5 . Only one end plate 7 is depicted in FIGS. 2 to 4 .
- An end plate 7 is different and distinct from a tube 5 . Such an end plate 7 can therefore be distinguished from an end tube.
- the exchanger may be fixed together for example by brazing.
- the end plates 7 are positioned at the ends of the core bundle 3 prior to the brazing operation.
- the end plates 7 contribute to the grasping and holding of the core bundle by the apparatus used for the brazing operation.
- an end plate 7 has an axial extension 8 which protrudes into the header tank 1 by a length L′.
- This length L′ may be more or less equal to the length L by which the tubes 5 of the core bundle 3 protrude.
- Fins 9 interposed between two consecutive tubes 5 and between the end plates 7 and the adjacent tubes 5 may also be provided.
- the end plates 7 also play a part in protecting the fins 9 .
- the end plates 7 are parallel to the tubes 5 .
- end plates 7 may be more or less straight as illustrated in FIG. 2 or, as an alternative, may be fairly curved (cf. FIGS. 3 and 4 ) so as to reduce the amount of space occupied by the header tank 1 .
- the end plates 7 are curved such that their ends come closer to the end of the adjacent tube 5 .
- the distance d between the end of a plate 7 and the end of the adjacent tube 5 emerging into the header tank 1 is less than the distance d′ between the end plate 7 and the adjacent tube 5 over the remainder of the length.
- the distance d may be near zero.
- the header tank 1 comprises:
- the gasket 13 is arranged around the peripheral contour of the header plate 11 .
- the gasket 13 therefore has an overall shape that complements the shape of the peripheral contour of the header plate 11 .
- the header plate has a substantially rectangular overall shape and the gasket 13 has a substantially rectangular overall shape.
- the gasket 13 may additionally be fairly rounded at the corners.
- the gasket 13 has a substantially circular cross section.
- the gasket 13 is stretched then placed in contact with the end plates 7 once it has been tensioned. Because the end plates 7 lie on either side of the stack of tubes 5 , they are therefore situated at the longitudinal ends of the header plate 11 .
- the header plate 11 has openings 17 for the passage of the ends of the tubes 5 and of the ends of the end plates 7 .
- the tubes 5 protrude inside the header plate 11 via the openings 17 by a protruding length L.
- the axial extension 8 protrudes inside the header plate 11 by a length L′.
- This length L′ is greater than or equal to the height h of the gasket 13 and may be substantially equal to the length L via which the tubes 5 protrude.
- the header plate 11 may have collars 19 (cf. FIGS. 4 and 5 ) bordering the openings 17 to accept the ends of the tubes 5 and of the end plates 7 .
- the gasket 13 has, respectively at its longitudinal ends, a peripheral first part 13 a and a contact second part 13 b that forms a protrusion that is raised in comparison with the peripheral first part 13 a.
- This contact protrusion 13 b is configured to overhang the collar 19 (cf. FIG. 4 ) that accepts the end of an end plate 7 , so as to press against this end plate 7 .
- the gasket 13 may have a connecting portion 13 c connecting the peripheral part 13 a and the contact part 13 b.
- each end plate 7 may be housed in the same opening 17 as the adjacent tube 5 .
- the header plate 11 has two openings 17 which are larger in size by comparison with the other openings; these are the openings 17 situated at the ends, which here are longitudinal with reference to the drawings.
- These larger-sized openings 17 are configured to accept both the end of a tube 5 and the end of an end plate 7 .
- the header plate 11 is flat. It therefore has no groove to accept the gasket 13 .
- the header plate 11 has raised or bent-over edges 21 defining a housing for the gasket 13 in the same plane as the openings 17 .
- Crimping tabs 23 are provided on the raised edges 21 of the header plate 11 to be crimped to the edges of the cover 15 .
- the cover 15 has a cover base 25 . This is the lower part of the cover 15 which presses against the gasket 13 .
- the gasket 13 (depicted in schematic and simplified form) is therefore positioned around the peripheral contour of the header plate 11 between the cover base 25 and the header plate 11 .
- the gasket 13 may have a shape that complements the shape of the cover base 25 and is always present between the cover base 25 and the header plate 11 . There is therefore no direct contact between the cover base 25 and the header plate 11 .
- the cover base 25 further collaborates with the header plate 11 to be fixed, for example using the crimping tabs 23 present on the periphery or the perimeter of the header plate 11 and which are bent over, at the time of crimping, onto the cover 15 .
- the cover 15 can thus close the header tank 1 thereby compressing the gasket 13 .
- extensions 8 of the end plates 7 are depicted here as being substantially straight.
- another shape, for example fairly curved, that is suitable for contributing to holding the gasket 13 in place, could also be envisioned.
- the second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9 differs from the first embodiment in that the header plate 111 is not flat but has a groove 127 to house the gasket 113 .
- This housing groove 127 has a bottom 129 and two flanges, an outer flange 121 and an inner flange 131 , which extend from this bottom 129 .
- the outer flange forms the turned-up edge 121 of the header plate 111 .
- the inner flange 131 which means to say the one on the inside of the header plate 111 , is, according to this second embodiment, fairly inclined with respect to the overall plane defined by the bottom 129 of the groove 127 , so that it forms a continuous slope.
- the bottom 129 has, in the example illustrated, an opening 117 to accept the end of an end plate 107 .
- an opening 117 is provided symmetrically to accept the end of the other end plate 107 .
- the header plate 111 has openings 117 all along the slope formed by the inner flange 131 to accept the ends of the tubes 105 .
- the end plates 107 may be more or less straight ( FIG. 7 ) or fairly curved to bring them closer to the ends of the tubes 105 (cf. FIGS. 8 and 9 ).
- end plates 107 may be respectively housed in an opening 117 that is common to the adjacent tube 105 ( FIG. 9 ).
- the axial extensions 108 of the end plates 107 have a length L′ inside the header tank that is greater than or equal to the height h of the gasket 113 and, for example, substantially equal to the length L by which the core bundle 103 protrudes inside the header tank.
- the openings 117 may or may not be bordered by collars.
- the third embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 differs from the second embodiment in that the housing groove 227 is substantially U-shaped overall.
- the inner flange 231 is substantially parallel to the outer flange forming the turned-up edge 221 of the header plate 211 .
- the two flanges 221 and 231 are substantially perpendicular to the bottom 229 of the groove 227 .
- the axial extensions 208 of the end plates 207 have a length L′ inside the header tank that is greater than or equal to the height h of the gasket 213 and for example substantially equal to the length L by which the core bundle 203 protrudes into the header tank.
- the end plates 207 may also be substantially straight or curved. Further, each end plate 207 may also be housed in one and the same opening 217 as the adjacent tube 205 , as illustrated by FIG. 10 .
- the gasket 213 has, at its longitudinal ends, a peripheral first part 213 a housed in the groove 227 and a contact second part 213 b configured to overhang the inner flange 231 of the groove 227 so that it presses against this end plate 7 .
- the gasket 213 may have a connecting portion 213 c connecting the peripheral part 213 a and the contact part 213 b.
- This alternative form of embodiment is substantially similar to the embodiment of the gasket 13 according to the first embodiment with collars 19 bordering the openings 17 (cf. FIGS. 5 , 6 ).
- the openings 217 also may or may not be bordered with collars.
- the ends of the tubes 5 , 105 , 205 and of the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 are introduced into the associated openings 17 , 117 , 217 in the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 .
- the plate 11 , 111 , 211 has two openings 17 , 117 , 217 at the periphery of the plate 11 , 111 , 211 which have a larger dimension suited to accepting both the end of a tube 5 , 105 , 205 and the end of an end plate 7 , 107 , 207 , these two ends are introduced into such an opening.
- the core bundle 3 , 103 , 203 and the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 can then be brazed to the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 .
- the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 contribute to the grasping and holding of the core bundle for performing this brazing operation.
- the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 is then positioned on the peripheral contour of the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 in contact with the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 .
- the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 is picked up and stretched first of all, for example by hand or even automatically, before it is placed in contact with the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 once it has been tensioned.
- the stretched gasket 13 , 113 , 213 is therefore placed under tension so that it has dimensions greater than the dimensions it has at rest and so that it can easily be set in position on the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 .
- the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 is positioned under tension against the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 .
- the header tank 1 can then be closed, thereby compressing the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 , using the cover 15 and, for example, the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 can be crimped to this cover 15 .
- the exchanger comprises a second header tank 1 according to the invention
- the same operations are carried out for fixing the core bundle 3 , 103 , 203 to the second header tank 1 .
- the exchanger may be of the mechanically assembled type.
- a sealing means such as a coated gasket which extends over the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 can be provided.
- a coated gasket seals the openings 17 , 117 , 217 in the header plate 11 , 111 , 211 which serve to accommodate the ends of the tubes 5 , 105 , 205 and the ends of the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 .
- such a header tank 1 facilitates the positioning of the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 by placing it under tension before it is positioned against the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 , something that allows the gasket 13 , 113 , 213 to be held in place correctly on the peripheral contour of the header plate until the cover 15 is fitted to close the header tank 1 .
- such a header tank 1 may occupy a smaller amount of space if the shape of the end plates 7 , 107 , 207 is varied to bring them closer to the adjacent tubes 5 , 105 , 205 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
Abstract
A header tank for a heat exchanger comprises a header plate (11) having openings (17) for the passage of a plurality of heat exchange tubes (5) and at least two end plates (7) on either side of the tubes (5), an elastic sealing means (13) arranged around the peripheral contour of the header plate (11), and a cover (15) having a cover base (25) which closes the header tank, thereby compressing the sealing means (13). The end plates (7, 107, 207) have, on the inside of the header plate (11, 111, 211), an axial extension of length (L′) greater than or equal to the height (h) of the sealing means (13, 113, 213). The sealing means (13, 113, 213) is arranged resting, under tension, against the end plates (7, 107, 207). The invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one such header tank, and to the method of assembling this heat exchanger.
Description
- The invention relates to a header tank for a heat exchanger, particularly for a motor vehicle.
- The invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one such header tank and to a corresponding method of assembling the exchanger.
- Heat exchangers used in motor vehicles, for example to cool the engine coolant are already known.
- In general, such a heat exchanger comprises a core bundle of tubes and possibly fins interposed between the tubes, and two header tanks.
- A header tank generally comprises at least two parts: a header plate that accepts the ends of the tubes and a cover that is fixed to the header plate to close the header tank.
- All-metal header tanks are known as are, alternatively, tanks with a cover made of plastic.
- The type of header tank that has a cover made of plastic requires a sealing means, conventionally an elastic gasket, to provide a perfectly sealed joint between the cover and the header plate.
- In a known solution, the header plate may have a groove or slot in which the sealing means is placed and positioned. The cover is then positioned on the sealing means then the cover is fixed to the header plate to close the header tank.
- As an alternative, there are flat header plates that have no groove or slot for notably making it easier to position the gasket and hold it in place. The expression “flat header plate” means that this header plate extends over a flat single surface, with the exception of any collars that may be conventionally provided as projections to accept the ends of the tubes. In particular, at its periphery, the header plate therefore has no groove or the like generally used to house the sealing means.
- The main problem lies with positioning the gasket on the header plate before the cover is fitted because this operation of positioning the gasket is the main root cause of the difficulties encountered in production.
- There are a number of possible reasons why the gasket may be incorrectly positioned. In particular, the gasket may exhibit a manufacturing defect which causes it to twist, this intrinsic defect in the gasket not being easy to spot because of the dimensions of the gasket or even because of its colour.
- Moreover, if the gasket is too long, it will form ripples along its profile as the cover is fixed in place. This leads to somewhat unsatisfactory sealing and to leaks of fluid in the more of less long term.
- Positioning the gasket is generally an operation performed by hand by an operator.
- In one known solution, the gasket has protrusions situated at the four corners that allow the gasket to be stretched, these protrusions then being positioned in dedicated slots on the header plate. One major disadvantage with this solution lies in the need to create the slots at the various corners of the header plate, this representing an additional manufacturing cost and weakening the header plate, particularly reducing its resistance to cyclic pressure variations. Moreover, because the protrusions on the gasket protrude beyond the header tank, they increase the amount of space occupied by the header tank.
- In another known solution pins are produced on the cover at the corners, these being intended to keep the gasket in shape, and possibly to keep it under tension. This solution makes it possible to ensure correct positioning of the gasket along the cover only with difficulty because the gasket can easily fall off while the cover is being handled before it is fitted to the header plate.
- Another solution is moreover known in which the sealing means is arranged on at least two ends of tubes. However, for relatively large header tanks, the tubes may become deformed during the operation of crimping the cover to the header plate. Forces then being transmitted to the tubes by the gasket.
- It is therefore an objective of the invention to alleviate these disadvantages of the header tanks of the prior art by proposing a solution for positioning a gasket on a header plate in a simple and reliable way.
- To this end one subject of the invention is a header tank for a heat exchanger, comprising:
-
- a header plate having openings for the passage of a plurality of heat exchange tubes and at least two end plates on either side of the said tubes,
- an elastic sealing means arranged around the peripheral contour of the header plate, and
- a cover having a cover base which closes the said header tank, thereby compressing the said sealing means,
characterized in that: - the said end plates have, on the inside of the said header tank, an axial extension of length greater than or equal to the height of the said sealing means, and in that
- the said sealing means is arranged resting, under tension, against the said end plates.
- The said header tank may further comprise one or more of the following features, considered separately or in combination:
-
- the said axial extension of an end plate inside the said header tank has a length substantially equal to the length of the said core bundle that protrudes inside the said header tank;
- the said sealing means comprises a gasket;
- the said header plate is more or less flat;
- the said header plate comprises a peripheral groove to house the said sealing means;
- the said groove has a bottom and two flanges, an outer flange and an inner flange, extending from the said bottom, and such that the said inner flange is fairly inclined with respect to the said bottom;
- the said groove is roughly U-shaped overall;
- the said header plate has at least two openings respectively configured to accept both the ends of an end plate and of the adjacent tube;
- the said header plate has collars bordering the said openings.
- The invention also relates to a heat exchanger, particularly for motor vehicles, comprising a heat exchange core bundle comprising a stack of parallel tubes and of at least two end plates of the said stack which are parallel to the said tubes, characterized in that the said exchanger further comprises at least one such header tank to which the said tubes and the said end plates are respectively fixed.
- The said exchanger may further comprise one or more of the following features, considered separately or in combination:
-
- the said end plates are more or less straight and are respectively spaced apart from the adjacent tube by a constant distance;
- the said end plates are fairly curved, so that the distance between the end of an end plate and the end of the adjacent tube housed in the said header plate is substantially shorter than the distance between the said plate and the said adjacent tube on the outside of the said header plate.
- The invention further relates to a method of assembling such a heat exchanger, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
-
- the said tubes are inserted into the associated openings in the said header plate,
- the said end plates are inserted into the associated openings in the said header plate,
- the said sealing means is stretched, and
- the said sealing means is positioned under tension against the said end plates.
- Other features and advantages de the invention will become more clearly apparent from reading the following description, given solely by way of nonlimiting illustration, and from studying the attached drawings among which:
-
FIG. 1 is a simplified exploded view of a header tank according to a first embodiment, -
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a flat header plate of the header tank ofFIG. 1 , -
FIG. 3 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate ofFIG. 2 according to an alternative form of embodiment, -
FIG. 4 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate with collars according to another alternative form of embodiment, -
FIG. 5 is a simplified exploded view of the header tank with a header plate according to the alternative form of embodiment ofFIG. 4 , -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a gasket that complements the header plate ofFIGS. 4 and 5 , -
FIG. 7 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a header plate with a groove for housing a sealing means according to a second embodiment, -
FIG. 8 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate ofFIG. 7 according to an alternative form of embodiment, -
FIG. 9 is a schematic view in cross section depicting the header plate ofFIG. 7 according to another alternative form of embodiment, and -
FIG. 10 is a schematic view in cross section depicting a header plate with a U-shaped groove for housing a sealing means according to a third embodiment. - In these figures, the elements that are substantially identical bear the same references.
- The elements of
FIGS. 5 to 7 that correspond to the elements ofFIGS. 1 to 4 bear the same references preceded by one in the hundreds. - Likewise, the elements of
FIG. 10 that correspond to the elements ofFIGS. 1 to 6 or 7 to 9 bear the same references preceded by two in the hundreds. - The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, notably for cooling the engine coolant.
- In particular, the invention may apply to a brazed heat exchanger.
-
FIG. 1 depicts, in the form of a schematic simplification, a first embodiment of a header tank 1 for a heat exchanger comprising a heatexchange core bundle 3 depicted partially and schematically inFIGS. 2 to 4 . - The
core bundle 3 comprises a stack of a multiplicity oftubes 5 which are arranged as one or more rows of tubes. Only the ends of thetubes 5 can be seen inFIGS. 2 to 4 . The ends of thetubes 5 protrude into the header tank 1 by a length L. - The exchanger also has two end plates 7 one on either side of the stack of
tubes 5. Only one end plate 7 is depicted inFIGS. 2 to 4 . - An end plate 7 is different and distinct from a
tube 5. Such an end plate 7 can therefore be distinguished from an end tube. - The difference lies in the fact that an end plate 7 has no flow duct for a fluid whereas the
tubes 5 define flow ducts for a fluid. - In addition, as stated hereinabove, the exchanger may be fixed together for example by brazing. When such is the case, the end plates 7 are positioned at the ends of the
core bundle 3 prior to the brazing operation. - Thus, the end plates 7 contribute to the grasping and holding of the core bundle by the apparatus used for the brazing operation.
- Moreover, an end plate 7 has an
axial extension 8 which protrudes into the header tank 1 by a length L′. - This length L′ may be more or less equal to the length L by which the
tubes 5 of thecore bundle 3 protrude. - Fins 9 interposed between two
consecutive tubes 5 and between the end plates 7 and theadjacent tubes 5 may also be provided. - If they are, the end plates 7 also play a part in protecting the fins 9.
- The end plates 7 are parallel to the
tubes 5. - In addition, the end plates 7 may be more or less straight as illustrated in
FIG. 2 or, as an alternative, may be fairly curved (cf.FIGS. 3 and 4 ) so as to reduce the amount of space occupied by the header tank 1. - What happens is that the end plates 7 are curved such that their ends come closer to the end of the
adjacent tube 5. Thus, the distance d between the end of a plate 7 and the end of theadjacent tube 5 emerging into the header tank 1 is less than the distance d′ between the end plate 7 and theadjacent tube 5 over the remainder of the length. - The distance d may be near zero.
- Referring once again to
FIG. 1 , the header tank 1 comprises: -
- a
header plate 11 - an elastic sealing means such as a
gasket 13, - a
cover 15, for example of substantially vaulted overall shape.
- a
- The
gasket 13 is arranged around the peripheral contour of theheader plate 11. Thegasket 13 therefore has an overall shape that complements the shape of the peripheral contour of theheader plate 11. - In the example illustrated in
FIG. 1 , the header plate has a substantially rectangular overall shape and thegasket 13 has a substantially rectangular overall shape. Thegasket 13 may additionally be fairly rounded at the corners. Furthermore, according to the embodiment, thegasket 13 has a substantially circular cross section. - The
gasket 13 is stretched then placed in contact with the end plates 7 once it has been tensioned. Because the end plates 7 lie on either side of the stack oftubes 5, they are therefore situated at the longitudinal ends of theheader plate 11. - The
header plate 11 hasopenings 17 for the passage of the ends of thetubes 5 and of the ends of the end plates 7. - Thus, the
tubes 5 protrude inside theheader plate 11 via theopenings 17 by a protruding length L. - Likewise, the
axial extension 8 protrudes inside theheader plate 11 by a length L′. - This length L′ is greater than or equal to the height h of the
gasket 13 and may be substantially equal to the length L via which thetubes 5 protrude. - Moreover, the
header plate 11 may have collars 19 (cf.FIGS. 4 and 5 ) bordering theopenings 17 to accept the ends of thetubes 5 and of the end plates 7. - When it does, as can be seen in
FIGS. 4 and 6 , thegasket 13 has, respectively at its longitudinal ends, a peripheralfirst part 13 a and a contactsecond part 13 b that forms a protrusion that is raised in comparison with the peripheralfirst part 13 a. Thiscontact protrusion 13 b is configured to overhang the collar 19 (cf.FIG. 4 ) that accepts the end of an end plate 7, so as to press against this end plate 7. - The
gasket 13 may have a connectingportion 13 c connecting theperipheral part 13 a and thecontact part 13 b. - Moreover, when the end plates 7 are curved so that their ends come closer to those of the
adjacent tubes 5, the correspondingopenings 17 are therefore also closer together. - In addition, in order to reduce still further the overall space required for the header tank 1, provision may be made for each end plate 7 to be housed in the
same opening 17 as theadjacent tube 5. - To achieve that, the
header plate 11 has twoopenings 17 which are larger in size by comparison with the other openings; these are theopenings 17 situated at the ends, which here are longitudinal with reference to the drawings. - These larger-
sized openings 17 are configured to accept both the end of atube 5 and the end of an end plate 7. - According to the first embodiment illustrated in
FIGS. 1 to 4 , theheader plate 11 is flat. It therefore has no groove to accept thegasket 13. - The
header plate 11 has raised or bent-overedges 21 defining a housing for thegasket 13 in the same plane as theopenings 17. - Crimping
tabs 23 are provided on the raisededges 21 of theheader plate 11 to be crimped to the edges of thecover 15. - In addition, the
cover 15 has acover base 25. This is the lower part of thecover 15 which presses against thegasket 13. - The gasket 13 (depicted in schematic and simplified form) is therefore positioned around the peripheral contour of the
header plate 11 between thecover base 25 and theheader plate 11. - Furthermore, the
gasket 13 may have a shape that complements the shape of thecover base 25 and is always present between thecover base 25 and theheader plate 11. There is therefore no direct contact between thecover base 25 and theheader plate 11. - The
cover base 25 further collaborates with theheader plate 11 to be fixed, for example using the crimpingtabs 23 present on the periphery or the perimeter of theheader plate 11 and which are bent over, at the time of crimping, onto thecover 15. - The
cover 15 can thus close the header tank 1 thereby compressing thegasket 13. - Moreover, the
extensions 8 of the end plates 7 are depicted here as being substantially straight. Of course, another shape, for example fairly curved, that is suitable for contributing to holding thegasket 13 in place, could also be envisioned. - The second embodiment illustrated in
FIGS. 7 to 9 differs from the first embodiment in that theheader plate 111 is not flat but has agroove 127 to house thegasket 113. - This
housing groove 127 has a bottom 129 and two flanges, anouter flange 121 and aninner flange 131, which extend from thisbottom 129. - The outer flange forms the turned-up
edge 121 of theheader plate 111. - The
inner flange 131, which means to say the one on the inside of theheader plate 111, is, according to this second embodiment, fairly inclined with respect to the overall plane defined by thebottom 129 of thegroove 127, so that it forms a continuous slope. - The bottom 129 has, in the example illustrated, an
opening 117 to accept the end of anend plate 107. Of course, anopening 117 is provided symmetrically to accept the end of theother end plate 107. - Likewise, the
header plate 111 hasopenings 117 all along the slope formed by theinner flange 131 to accept the ends of thetubes 105. - Quite clearly, in a similar way to the first embodiment, the
end plates 107 may be more or less straight (FIG. 7 ) or fairly curved to bring them closer to the ends of the tubes 105 (cf.FIGS. 8 and 9 ). - In addition or as an alternative, the
end plates 107 may be respectively housed in anopening 117 that is common to the adjacent tube 105 (FIG. 9 ). - Likewise, the
axial extensions 108 of theend plates 107 have a length L′ inside the header tank that is greater than or equal to the height h of thegasket 113 and, for example, substantially equal to the length L by which thecore bundle 103 protrudes inside the header tank. - Furthermore, and in a similar way to the first embodiment, the
openings 117 may or may not be bordered by collars. - The third embodiment illustrated in
FIG. 10 differs from the second embodiment in that thehousing groove 227 is substantially U-shaped overall. - In this case, the
inner flange 231 is substantially parallel to the outer flange forming the turned-upedge 221 of theheader plate 211. The twoflanges bottom 229 of thegroove 227. - As in the first and second embodiments, the
axial extensions 208 of theend plates 207 have a length L′ inside the header tank that is greater than or equal to the height h of thegasket 213 and for example substantially equal to the length L by which thecore bundle 203 protrudes into the header tank. - The
end plates 207 may also be substantially straight or curved. Further, eachend plate 207 may also be housed in one and thesame opening 217 as theadjacent tube 205, as illustrated byFIG. 10 . - When this is the case, as
FIGS. 6 and 10 illustrate, thegasket 213 has, at its longitudinal ends, a peripheralfirst part 213 a housed in thegroove 227 and a contactsecond part 213 b configured to overhang theinner flange 231 of thegroove 227 so that it presses against this end plate 7. - The
gasket 213 may have a connectingportion 213 c connecting theperipheral part 213 a and thecontact part 213 b. - This alternative form of embodiment is substantially similar to the embodiment of the
gasket 13 according to the first embodiment withcollars 19 bordering the openings 17 (cf.FIGS. 5 , 6). - Quite obviously, according to this third embodiment, the
openings 217 also may or may not be bordered with collars. - The successive steps in assembling a heat exchanger comprising a heat
exchange core bundle parallel tubes end plates tubes - In a first step, the ends of the
tubes end plates openings header plate - When the
plate openings plate tube end plate - The
core bundle end plates header plate end plates - In a second step, the
gasket header plate end plates - To do that, the
gasket end plates gasket header plate - Thus, in the next step, the
gasket end plates - The header tank 1 can then be closed, thereby compressing the
gasket cover 15 and, for example, theheader plate cover 15. - When the exchanger comprises a second header tank 1 according to the invention, the same operations are carried out for fixing the
core bundle - According to another embodiment, the exchanger may be of the mechanically assembled type.
- In such a case, a sealing means such as a coated gasket which extends over the
header plate openings header plate tubes end plates - It will therefore be appreciated that such a header tank 1 facilitates the positioning of the
gasket end plates gasket cover 15 is fitted to close the header tank 1. - Furthermore, such a header tank 1 may occupy a smaller amount of space if the shape of the
end plates adjacent tubes
Claims (13)
1. A header tank for a heat exchanger, the header tank comprising:
a header plate (11, 111, 211) having openings (17, 117, 217) for the passage of a plurality of heat exchange tubes (5, 105, 205) and at least two end plates (7, 107, 207) on either side of the tubes (5, 105, 205),
an elastic sealing means (13, 113, 213) arranged around the peripheral contour of the header plate (11, 111, 211), and
a cover (15) having a cover base (25) which closes the header tank, thereby compressing the sealing means (13, 113, 213), wherein
the end plates (7, 107, 207) have, on the inside of the header tank, an axial extension (8, 108, 208) of length (L′) greater than or equal to the height (h) of the sealing means (13, 113, 213), and
the sealing means (13, 113, 213) is arranged resting, under tension, against the end plates (7, 107, 207).
2. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the axial extension (8, 108, 208) of an end plate (7, 107, 207) inside the header tank has a length (L′) substantially equal to the length (L) of the core bundle that protrudes inside the header tank.
3. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the sealing means (13, 113, 213) comprises a gasket.
4. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the header plate (11, 111, 211) is substantially flat.
5. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the header plate (11, 111, 211) comprises a peripheral groove (127, 227) to house the sealing means (13, 113, 213).
6. A header tank according to claim 5 , wherein the groove (127) has a bottom (129) and two flanges, an outer flange (121) and an inner flange (131), extending from the bottom (129), and wherein the inner flange (131) is fairly inclined with respect to the bottom (129).
7. A header tank according to claim 5 , wherein the groove (227) is roughly U-shaped overall.
8. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the header plate (11, 111, 211) has at least two openings (17, 117, 217) respectively configured to accept both the ends of an end plate (7, 107, 207) and of the adjacent tube (5, 105, 205).
9. A header tank according to claim 1 , wherein the header plate (11, 111, 211) has collars (19) bordering the openings (17, 117, 217).
10. A heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange core bundle (3, 103, 203) comprising a stack of parallel tubes (5, 105, 205) and of at least two end plates (7, 107, 207) of the stack which are parallel to the tubes (5, 105, 205), wherein the heat exchanger further comprises at least one header tank (1) according to claim 1 to which the tubes (5, 105, 205) and the end plates (7, 107, 207) are respectively fixed.
11. A heat exchanger according to claim 10 , wherein the end plates (7, 107, 207) are more or less straight and are respectively spaced apart from the adjacent tube (5, 105, 205) by a constant distance.
12. A heat exchanger according to claim 10 , wherein the end plates (7, 107, 207) are curved, so that the distance (d) between the end of an end plate (7, 107, 207) and the end of the adjacent tube (5, 105, 205) housed in the header plate (11, 111, 211) is substantially shorter than the distance (d′) between the plate (7, 107, 207) and the adjacent tube (5, 105, 205) on the outside of the header plate (11, 111, 211).
13. A method of assembling a heat exchanger according to claim 10 , the method comprising the following steps:
inserting the tubes (5, 105, 205) into the associated openings (17, 117, 217) in the header plate (11, 111, 211),
inserting the end plates (7, 107, 207) into the associated openings (17, 117, 217) in the header plate (11, 111, 211),
stretching the sealing means (13, 113, 213), and
positioning the sealing means (13, 113, 213) under tension against the end plates (7, 107, 207).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1156334 | 2011-07-12 | ||
FR1156334A FR2977932A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | COLLECTOR BOX, HEAT EXCHANGER AND CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY METHOD |
PCT/EP2012/063610 WO2013007758A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2012-07-11 | Header box, heat exchanger and corresponding method of assembly |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20140196876A1 true US20140196876A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
Family
ID=46506419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/232,213 Abandoned US20140196876A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2012-07-11 | Header Tank, Heat Exchanger And Corresponding Method Of Assembly |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140196876A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2732231A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2014522958A (en) |
CN (1) | CN103874902A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2977932A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013007758A1 (en) |
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US20170307298A1 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-10-26 | Mahle International Gmbh | Heat exhanger |
US10465997B2 (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2019-11-05 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Collecting plate for a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle |
US10823509B2 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2020-11-03 | Denso Corporation | Heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof |
US10844773B2 (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2020-11-24 | Denso Corporation | Heat exchanger |
US20210285732A1 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2021-09-16 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Collector plate, corresponding header box and corresponding heat exchanger |
US11255609B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2022-02-22 | Hanon Systems | Heat exchanger |
US20220082330A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-17 | Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heat exchanger for flammable refrigerants |
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DE102013227113A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-09 | MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG | Heat exchanger with circumferential seal |
US10048009B2 (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2018-08-14 | Enterex America LLC | Heat exchanger tube with concave-shaped end and method of manufacturing a heat exchanger tube with concave-shaped end |
US10082348B2 (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2018-09-25 | Enterex America LLC | Heat exchanger tube-to-header sealing system |
FR3026169B1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2019-03-22 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A HEAT EXCHANGER |
FR3035489B1 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-05-05 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | ANNULAR JOINT FOR HEAT EXCHANGER OF MOTOR VEHICLE |
CN105157467A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-16 | 湖北雷迪特冷却系统股份有限公司 | Main piece for intercooler |
KR102430786B1 (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2022-08-10 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | Integrated heat exchanger |
CN108354566A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-03 | 佛山市顺德区美的洗涤电器制造有限公司 | Protecting box, liner component and dish-washing machine |
CN113324424A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-08-31 | 浙江银轮机械股份有限公司 | Heat exchanger |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2732231A1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
FR2977932A1 (en) | 2013-01-18 |
WO2013007758A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
JP2014522958A (en) | 2014-09-08 |
CN103874902A (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: VALEO SYSTEMES THERMIQUES, FRANCE Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:RIONDET, CHRISTIAN;REEL/FRAME:032543/0266 Effective date: 20140227 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |