US20140064615A1 - Method and Device for Denoising Videos Based on Non-Local Means - Google Patents
Method and Device for Denoising Videos Based on Non-Local Means Download PDFInfo
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- US20140064615A1 US20140064615A1 US14/017,587 US201314017587A US2014064615A1 US 20140064615 A1 US20140064615 A1 US 20140064615A1 US 201314017587 A US201314017587 A US 201314017587A US 2014064615 A1 US2014064615 A1 US 2014064615A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/70—Denoising; Smoothing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/40—Image enhancement or restoration using histogram techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10016—Video; Image sequence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20021—Dividing image into blocks, subimages or windows
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/20—Special algorithmic details
- G06T2207/20172—Image enhancement details
- G06T2207/20182—Noise reduction or smoothing in the temporal domain; Spatio-temporal filtering
Definitions
- the present application relates to a method and a device for denoising videos based on non-local means.
- the present disclosure intends to provide a method and a device for denoising videos based on non-local means to solve the foregoing problems.
- a local image block centered on a pixel i in a present frame of the video is constructed and then a search area centered on the pixel is delimited as a search window.
- the respective search window is delimited in same way as the present frame, wherein the constructed search windows constitute a three-dimensional search space. It carries out, in reference to the search window of the present frame, a histogram normalization filtering process of the search windows of remaining frames, so as to obtain a three-dimensional search space with illumination invariance.
- FIG. 1 depicts a schematic constructive diagram of local image blocks, search windows and a search space according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 depicts a schematic diagram of a histogram normalization filtering process of a three-dimensional search space according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 depicts a flowchart of a video denoising process according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 depicts a schematic diagram of image matching and similarity weight calculation in the filtered three-dimensional search space according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 depicts a schematic diagram of filtering module according to an embodiment of the present application.
- a method for denoising videos based on non-local means may remove effects from illumination variances in a video by means of image histogram normalization filtering processes.
- An embodiment of the present application is proposed in light of the situation where the existing lighting conditions in video image sequences are changed. To be specific, it improves the robustness of searching similar image blocks among frames and computing similarity weights against the changes of lighting conditions by means of image histogram normalization filtering, and thus it denoises the videos based on non-local means with the constant lighting.
- This embodiment of the present application fills the blanks in video denoising methods against lighting conditions, and may better remove the noise in video sequences, in particular in the case that during shooting videos lighting conditions, such as the effect of flash lamp, change, better improve the robustness of the conventional methods for denoising videos and the visual quality of denoised image.
- FIG. 3 depicts a flowchart of a video denoising process according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the process of removing illumination variances in a video by means of image histogram normalization filtering may comprise the following steps.
- step S 10 a local image block centered on a pixel to be processed in a present frame is constructed and a search area centered on the pixel is delimited as a search window.
- the corresponding search windows in corresponding areas of other frames are established within a three-dimensional search space, wherein the search windows constitute the three-dimensional search space.
- step S 20 in reference to or based on the search window of the present frame, a histogram normalization filtering process is carried out on the corresponding search windows of the other frames within the three-dimensional search space to obtain a three-dimensional search space with illumination invariance.
- the preferred embodiment takes into account the influence on the global and local brightness of the image from the changes of lighting conditions on frame sequences, and eliminate matching errors of image blocks having very similar structure, which are introduced due to the changes of lighting conditions during matching, by using image histogram normalization filtering when the three-dimensional search window is constructed, such that the robustness and accuracy of similarity weight calculation and similarity matching of image blocks are effectively improved, and thus the performance of overall video denoising will be further improved.
- FIG. 1 depicts a schematic constructive diagram of local image blocks, search windows and search space according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 depicts a schematic diagram of histogram normalization filtering a three-dimensional search space according to an embodiment of the present application.
- a local image block centered on a pixel i of a frame f n is constructed first.
- a search window w n centered on the pixel i is constructed, wherein the search window w n is larger than a range of the local image block.
- Search windows at corresponding positions on each of k frames ahead and behind of frame f n are also constructed so as to obtain a set of search windows ⁇ W n ⁇ k , . . . , w n ⁇ 1 , w n , w n+1 , . . . , w n+k ⁇ which constitute a three-dimensional search space W.
- step S 20 the image value ⁇ out j of the pixel j after filtering is calculated as follows:
- ⁇ in j are values of respective pixel j in the corresponding search windows of the other frames within the three-dimensional search space
- ⁇ out j is the image value of the pixel j after filtering
- T( ⁇ in ) ⁇ 0 ⁇ in p in (w)dw
- p in (w) is a probability density of a histogram of ⁇ in j distributed at the luminance level of w
- the action of this step substantially eliminates the influence of the illumination variances, so a three-dimensional search space with illumination invariance is obtained.
- step S 30 a similarity weight between the pixels i and j is determined by calculating structural differences between the local image block of f n and all the local image blocks in W.
- FIG. 4 depicts a schematic diagram of image matching and similarity weight calculation in the filtered three-dimensional search space according to an embodiment of the present application.
- step S 30 the similarity weight ⁇ (i,j) is calculated as follows:
- ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ , j ) 1 Z ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ⁇ exp ⁇ ( - ⁇ v ⁇ ( B i ) - v ⁇ ( B j ) ⁇ 2 , a 2 h 2 )
- ⁇ (i,j) is the similarity weight between the pixels i and j
- B i , B j represent local image blocks centered on the pixels i and j
- ⁇ (B i ) and ⁇ (B j ) represent vectors constituted by the values of pixels in local image blocks
- ⁇ • ⁇ 2,a 2 indicates the weighted Euclidean Distance between two vectors, in which symbol a means a spatial weight distribution which conforms to a Gaussian Distribution with its variance of a,
- h is a designated constant and may be optimized according to different videos for controlling the attributes of weight calculation.
- step S 40 according to the similarity weight, the pixel i is denoised based on non-local means, for example, by rule of
- NL[ ⁇ (i)] is the replaced image value of pixel i.
- a noise-removed image sequence can eventually be obtained and the denoising process of the whole video is completed.
- a device for denoising a video based on non-local means may include a filtering module 200 for removing illumination variances in a video by means of image histogram normalization filtering. Because this device may remove illumination variances in a video by means of image histogram normalization filtering, so it could make self-adaptive adjustment in response to the changes of lighting conditions.
- the filtering module 200 may comprise a space module 201 and a histogram module 202 .
- the space module 201 is configured to construct a local image block which centered on a pixel to be processed in a present frame, to delimit a search area centered on the pixel as a search window, and to establish corresponding search windows in corresponding areas of other frames within a three-dimensional search space, wherein the search windows constitute the three-dimensional search space.
- the histogram module 202 is configured to carry out a histogram normalization filtering process for the corresponding search windows of the other frames within the three-dimensional search space, so as to obtain a three-dimensional search space with illumination invariance, which is based on or in reference to the search window of the present frame.
- the space module 201 is used for constructing a local image block centered on a pixel i of a frame f n , constructing a search window w n centered on the pixel i which is larger than a range of the local image block, while constructing one search window at corresponding position on each of k frames ahead of and behind the frame f n , obtaining a set of search windows ⁇ w n ⁇ k , . . . , w n ⁇ 1 , w n , w +1 , . . . , w +k ⁇ which constitute a three-dimensional search space W.
- ⁇ in j are image values of respective pixel j in the corresponding search windows of the other frames within the three-dimensional search space
- ⁇ out j is the image value of the pixel j after filtering
- T( ⁇ in ) ⁇ 0 ⁇ in p in (w)dw
- p in (w) is a probability density of a histogram of ⁇ in j distributed at the luminance level of w
- the present application may make better use of the time domain consistency between video image sequences and be less influenced by the changes of lighting conditions by means of image histogram normalization filtering, thus the recovering quality and the robustness of video denoising are improved.
- modules or steps of the present application may be implemented with a common computing device.
- the modules or steps of the present application can be concentrated or run in a single computing device or distributed in a network composed of multiple computing devices.
- the modules or steps may be achieved by using codes of the executable program, so that they can be stored in the storage medium and be run by one or more processors in the device, or the plurality of the modules or steps can be fabricated into an individual integrated circuit module. Therefore, the present application is not limited to any particular hardware, software or combination thereof.
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CN103686194A (zh) | 2014-03-26 |
CN103686194B (zh) | 2017-05-24 |
WO2014036950A1 (fr) | 2014-03-13 |
US9471964B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
US20150178899A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
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