US20140054001A1 - Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers - Google Patents
Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers Download PDFInfo
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- US20140054001A1 US20140054001A1 US14/065,745 US201314065745A US2014054001A1 US 20140054001 A1 US20140054001 A1 US 20140054001A1 US 201314065745 A US201314065745 A US 201314065745A US 2014054001 A1 US2014054001 A1 US 2014054001A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/18—Machines built up from units providing for different combinations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2069—Exerting after-pressure on the moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
- B22D17/229—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies with exchangeable die part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/09—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure
- B22D27/11—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using pressure making use of mechanical pressing devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers is disclosed as including steps (a) providing a mold with at least a runner and a cavity, (b) providing in the cavity of the mold a first metal layer made of a first metal, the first metal layer having a surface which is roughened and/or includes an engagement structure, and (c) injecting a molten second metal onto the surface of the first metal layer to form a second metal layer on the first metal layer in which the second metal layer engages with the roughened surface of the first metal layer or with the engagement structure of the surface of the first metal layer, and the molten second metal enters the cavity of the mold at a speed of at least 70 meters per second (m/s).
Description
- This application is a Division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/747,833, filed 23 Jan. 2013, now pending which was a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/651,980 filed on 15 Oct. 2012, which is itself a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/277,673 filed on 20 Oct. 2011, which claims priority in Chinese Patent Application no. 2011 0037281.4, filed Feb. 1, 2011, the contents of these applications being incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
- The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a workpiece, such as a plate, with multiple metal layers. For the purpose of this invention, where the context allows, the terms “metal” and “metals” shall also include “alloys of metal” and “alloys of metals” respectively. It should also be understood that, for the purpose of this invention, the metal layers may be made of a same metal or different metals.
- With the rapid development in the communication, consumer electronic and computer industries (so called “3C industries”), consumers not only expect good performance of such products (so called “3C products”) (such as processing speed and storage capacity), but also a high class and durable cosmetic surface of such products. A metal casing with good strength and light weight will thus become more and more important to 3C products. Such characteristics have also become the consumer requirements or expectation of products in other industries, such as the household industry and automotive industry. In most products, there is a need to over-mold at least one metal layer onto another metal layer, for example to form a cover or a plate. There is therefore a need to improve the joining or bonding strength between two metal layers, which has become a significant production requirement.
- A conventional colorful plastic casing of an electronic product is easily broken and damaged by external impact, while a casing of a single metal layer may rust due to environmental factors, or subsequent surface treatment cannot be performed on the casing due to the limitation of material properties. Therefore, casings with multiple metal layers with thin thickness, good cosmetic performance, good strength for resisting external impact, and good corrosion resistance are needed to solve the various shortcomings of casings of a single metal layer. In the prior art, a casing for a consumer electronic apparatus which is formed of double metal layers or of a mechanical laminate of materials is usually prepared by vacuum evaporation or ion sputtering, which entails high manufacturing cost. However, as such a prior art casing is not good for receiving surface treatment involving wet process, such as plating and anodizing, it is less corrosion resistant.
- In conventional techniques, solid-state welding processes (such as cold welding, friction welding and ultrasonic welding) may be used for bonding a veneer to a cast metal part. However, such solid-state welding processes may significantly increase the complexity and cost of the processing flow. Therefore, persons skilled in the art are still looking for effective methods of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers which is less costly and less complex.
- In addition, there is an ever-increasing requirement for electronic products (such as tablet computers and smart phones) and domestic electrical appliances to be as compact and slim as possible. Consumers also make the same requirements on products in the automotive industry and household product industry. Consumers are at the same time making a higher and higher demand on the functions and capability of such products. Manufacturers are thus looking for ways to make bodies of the products as compact as possible while retaining sufficient space for housing the necessary components. Existing methods do not allow a thin layer of metal to be injected onto and bonded/engaged with a layer of metal to form a workpiece with multiple metal layers. In addition, as such products get compacter and slimmer, problems arise as regards post-treatment, such as trimming and computer numerical control (CNC) works, which are required for achieving the necessary features.
- As such products get more and more compact and slim, problems arise as regards post-treatment (such as trimming) of such workpieces as covers, housings, casings and chassis, because such post-treatment will exert pressure on the workpieces, which may deform the workpieces.
- It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, a mold and a workpiece with multiple metal layers in which the aforesaid shortcomings are mitigated or at least to provide a useful alternative to the trade and public.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, the method including the steps of (a) providing a mold with at least a runner, a gate and a cavity, (b) providing in the cavity of the mold a first metal layer made of a first metal, the first metal layer having a surface, the surface being roughened and/or including at least one engagement structure, and (c) injecting a molten second metal onto the surface of the first metal layer to form a second metal layer on the first metal layer wherein said second metal layer engages with said roughened surface of said first metal layer or with said engagement structure of said surface of said first metal layer, wherein said molten second metal enters said cavity of said mold at a speed of at least substantially 70 meters per second (m/s).
- According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mold including a first mold piece and a second mold piece, wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration for holding a semi-finished workpiece between said first mold piece and said second mold piece, and wherein at least said first mold piece includes a wall member which, when said mold is in said closed configuration and holds a semi-finished workpiece, punches into at least part of said semi-finished workpiece to form a seal between said wall member and said semi-finished workpiece which prevents flow of a fluid through said seal.
- According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a workpiece with multiple metal layers, said workpiece being formed by injecting at least a second metal layer onto a first metal layer, wherein each of said first metal layer and second metal layer includes at least one engagement structure.
- According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mold including a first mold piece and a second mold piece, wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration in which said first mold piece and said mold piece are engaged with each other to form a cavity for containing a semi-finished workpiece, wherein said first mold piece includes a passageway allowing supply of molding material into said cavity, and wherein said mold is without a channel allowing flow of molding material out of said cavity.
- According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, said method including steps (a) providing a first metal layer made of a first metal, (b) pre-treating said first metal layer, (c) placing said pre-treated first metal layer in a mold, and (d) injecting a molten second metal onto said surface of said pre-treated first metal layer to form a second metal layer on said pre-treated first metal layer.
- According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a workpiece with multiple metal layers, said workpiece being formed by injecting at least a second metal layer onto a first metal layer, wherein said second metal layer is of a thickness of not more than substantially 0.5 mm.
- According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, said method including steps (a) providing a mold with at least a runner, a gate and a cavity, (b) providing a first metal layer made of a first metal, said first metal layer having a surface, said surface including at least one engagement structure, (c) pre-treating said first metal layer, (d) placing said pre-treated first metal layer in said mold, and (e) injecting a molten second metal onto said surface of said first pre-treated metal layer to form a second metal layer on said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said molten second metal enters said cavity of said mold at a speed of at least substantially 70 meters per second (m/s), wherein said second metal layer includes at least one engagement structure which engages with said engagement structure of said surface of said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said mold includes a first mold piece and a second mold piece, wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are engaged with each other to form said cavity for containing said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said first mold piece includes a passageway allowing supply of said molten second metal, and wherein said mold is without a channel allowing flow of said molten second metal out of said cavity.
- According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a workpiece with multiple metal layers formed of a method including steps (a) providing a mold with at least a runner, a gate and a cavity, (b) providing a first metal layer made of a first metal, said first metal layer having a surface, said surface including at least one engagement structure, (c) pre-treating said first metal layer, (d) placing said pre-treated first metal layer in said mold, and (e) injecting a molten second metal onto said surface of said first pre-treated metal layer to form a second metal layer on said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said molten second metal enters said cavity of said mold at a speed of at least substantially 70 meters per second (m/s), wherein said second metal layer includes at least one engagement structure which engages with said engagement structure of said surface of said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said mold includes a first mold piece and a second mold piece, wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are engaged with each other to form said cavity for containing said pre-treated first metal layer, wherein said first mold piece includes a passageway allowing supply of said molten second metal, and wherein said mold is without a channel allowing flow of said molten second metal out of said cavity.
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FIG. 1 illustrates a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2-1 illustrates a device of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, for carrying out the method shown inFIG. 1 , in which a mold in the device is in an open configuration; -
FIG. 2-2 illustrates the device shown inFIG. 2-1 in which the mold is in a closed configuration; -
FIG. 2-3 is a partially enlarged view of the mold shown inFIG. 2-2 ; -
FIG. 3 illustrates a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, according to a further embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a mold of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, for carrying out the method shown inFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5 illustrates a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, according to a yet further embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 6 illustrates a workpiece with multiple metal layers manufactured by the method shown inFIG. 5 ; -
FIG. 7 illustrates a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, according to a still further embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 8 illustrates a first workpiece with multiple metal layers manufactured by the method shown inFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 9A illustrates a second workpiece with multiple metal layers manufactured by the method shown inFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 9B illustrates a third workpiece with multiple metal layers manufactured by the method shown inFIG. 7 ; -
FIG. 10A to 10C illustrate the process whereby a second metal in molten form is injected into a mold to bond or engage with a first metal layer, in a method according to a further embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an alternative mold suitable for use in a method according to the present invention; -
FIG. 12 is a partial sectional view of the first metal layer ofFIG. 11 after engagement with a second metal layer; -
FIG. 13 is a side view of a first metal layer, after pre-treatment, and ready for injection of a molten second metal, according to a still further embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 14A is a side view of a cover of multiple metal layers, including the first metal layer ofFIG. 13 ; -
FIG. 14B is a partial enlarged view ofFIG. 14A ; and -
FIG. 15 is a top partial view of a cover of multiple metal layers with a thin bay covered in part by a second metal layer. -
FIG. 1 illustrates a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers according to an embodiment of the present invention. Generally speaking, in this method, a first metal layer in the form of a semi-finished plate formed of a first metal is disposed in a mold. A second metal (which is different from the first metal) in liquid (molten) form is then injected into the mold and onto the plate, so as to form a second metal layer on the first metal layer (S101). The second metal layer in the mold is then pressed by a pressure in the mold (S102) to facilitate bonding of the second metal layer to and with the first metal layer. It should of course be understood that a third metal (which may be the same as or different from the first and second metals) in liquid form may be injected onto the first metal layer or the second metal layer to form a workpiece with three metal layers by repeating the above operation. - The injection operation includes different aspects, such as high-pressure and high speed injection molding, pouring and/or flowing. The pressure, the speed at which the second metal is injected into the mold and the short time duration in which the second metal covers the first metal layer all assist in improving the adhesiveness and strength of bonding between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, removing bubbles in the second metal when in liquid state, and improving the compactness of the second metal layer, so that only very few pores are left after cooling and curing of the second metal layer, thereby achieving the strength of a composite metal. Such may also prevent the formation of a liquid flow mark due to flowing of the second metal in liquid form during injection. Pressing the second metal layer may also enable a surplus of the second metal in liquid form to overflow.
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FIG. 2-1 andFIG. 2-2 illustrate adevice 201 for manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, for carrying out the method shown in FIG. 1. Thedevice 201 includes amold 202 with afront mold 208 and arear mold 207. Themold 202 is shown inFIG. 2-1 in an open configuration in which thefront mold 208 and therear mold 207 are detached from each other. A semi-finished metal cover 203 (constituting a first metal layer) formed of a first metal is disposed on therear mold 207 of themold 202.FIG. 2-2 shows themold 202 in a closed configuration in which thesemi-finished cover 203 is held between thefront mold 208 and therear mold 207. When themold 202 is in the closed configuration, a second metal in liquid form 2041 (which is a different metal from that of the first metal layer 203) is injected onto thesemi-finished cover 203 in themold 202, so as to form asecond metal layer 204 on thecover 203. -
FIG. 2-3 is a partially enlarged view ofFIG. 2-2 , and shows that themold 202 includes apressing component 205 for applying a pressure on thesecond metal layer 204 in themold 202. - In a further embodiment, a space is provided between the
rear mold 207 and thepressing component 205, so that the second metal inliquid form 2041 may be injected into the space. Moreover, themold 202 additionally includes anoverflow port 206, so that a surplus of the second metal inliquid form 2041 overflows through theoverflow port 206 when thepressing component 205 presses thesecond metal layer 204. - Although, in the foregoing discussions, it is mentioned that the first metal is different from the second metal, it is of course envisaged that the first metal layer and the second metal layer may be made of a same metal.
- In a yet further embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in
FIG. 3 , a method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers includes steps of injecting a first metal in liquid form into a space between a rear mold and a first front mold in cooperation with each other, so as to form a first metal layer on the rear mold (S301), and when the rear mold operates in cooperation with a second front mold and when the first metal layer on the rear mold is in a semi-solid molten state, injecting a second metal in liquid form onto the first metal layer so as to form a second metal layer on the first metal layer (S302). Again, the first metal layer and the second metal layer may be made of the same or different metals. - The difference between the method shown in
FIG. 3 and the method shown inFIG. 1 lies mainly in that, in the method shown inFIG. 3 , the second metal in liquid form is injected onto the first metal layer and the second metal layer is formed when the first metal layer is still in a semi-solid molten state. This not only improves the adhesiveness between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, but also reduces cost and saves time, thereby improving the yield. - A
device 401 for implementing the method shown inFIG. 3 is shown inFIG. 4 . As shown inFIG. 4 , thedevice 401 includes a firstfront mold 402 which can operate in cooperation with arear mold 407, and inject a first metal inliquid form 4031 onto therear mold 407, so as to form afirst metal layer 403 on therear mold 407. Thedevice 401 also includes a secondfront mold 408, which is co-operable with therear mold 407 to inject a second metal inliquid form 4041 onto thefirst metal layer 403 when thefirst metal layer 403 is still in a semi-solid molten state, so as to form asecond metal layer 404 on thefirst metal layer 403. - When the second
front mold 408 operates in cooperation with therear mold 407, a space is provided between therear mold 407 and apressing component 405, so that the second metal inliquid form 4041 may be injected into the space. - Moreover, the
pressing component 405 in the secondfront mold 408 may be used for applying a pressure on thesecond metal layer 404. Furthermore, therear mold 407 further includes anoverflow port 406, so that a surplus of the second metal inliquid form 4031 may overflow through theoverflow port 406 when thepressing component 405 applies a pressure on thesecond metal layer 404. - The
device 401 further includes a movement component, for relatively moving therear mold 407 between the firstfront mold 402 and the secondfront mold 408. For example, therear mold 407 may be moved from the firstfront mold 402 to the secondfront mold 408 after the first metal inliquid form 4031 is injected; or the firstfront mold 402 is moved away after the first metal inliquid form 4031 is injected, and the secondfront mold 408 is moved to a position operating in cooperation with therear mold 407, so as to inject the second metal inliquid form 4041 onto thefirst metal layer 403. Through this arrangement, the injection of both the first metal inliquid form 4031 and the second metal inliquid form 4041 is performed in thesame device 401, thus simplifying the production process. - A workpiece with three or more metal layers may be formed by repeating the above steps.
- Each of the first metal layer and the second metal layer may be formed of stainless steel, iron, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, chromium, titanium, copper, beryllium, nickel and alloy of these metals. A first metal layer with a smaller specific weight may first be formed, and then a second metal layer with a larger specific weight is formed. Alternatively, a first metal layer with a larger specific weight may first be formed, and then a second metal layer with a smaller specific weight is formed. For example, if the first metal layer is formed of a zinc alloy, and the second metal layer is formed of an aluminum alloy, the strength of a composite metal may be achieved, and subsequent anodizing surface treatment may be performed on the second metal (aluminum alloy) layer. In another example, the first metal layer is formed of an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy, and the second metal layer is formed of stainless steel, so that subsequent treatment such as direct current electroplating or vacuum evaporation may be conveniently performed on a surface of the second metal layer, thereby further forming a subsequent metal or non-metal layer.
- Not only does the workpiece with multiple metal layers manufactured according to a method of the present invention have the strength and elasticity of a composite metal, but also subsequent surface treatment (such as heat treatment, anodizing surface treatment, Galvanic plating, vacuum coating/film treatment, coating treatment, painting treatment, and corrosion resistant treatment) may be performed on the metal workpiece, as required, to further improve the adhesiveness between the metal layers and the strength and corrosion resistance of the workpiece, and to make the design of covers made of such workpieces more flexible.
- A method of manufacturing a workpiece with multiple metal layers, according to a yet further embodiment of the present invention is shown in
FIG. 5 . The method shown inFIG. 5 includes steps of disposing a semi-finished metal workpiece (such as a plate formed of a first metal layer) in a mold, in which a surface of the semi-finished workpiece is roughened (S501). Subsequently, a second metal in liquid form is injected onto the roughened surface of the semi-finished workpiece, so as to form a second metal layer on the semi-finished workpiece, in which the second metal in liquid form covers and fills the roughened surface of the semi-finished plate (S502). The roughened surface of the semi-finished plate can be formed on either a cosmetic surface or an inner surface of the semi-finished plate. A third metal in liquid form may be injected onto the second metal layer to form a three-layer metal plate by repeating the above operation. -
FIG. 6 shows a plate with multiple metal layers manufactured by the method shown inFIG. 5 . As shown inFIG. 6 , asemi-finished plate 612 formed of a first metal is disposed in amold 610. Asurface 613 of thesemi-finished plate 612 is roughened. A second metal in liquid form is injected onto the roughenedsurface 613 of thesemi-finished plate 612, to form asecond metal layer 614 on thesemi-finished plate 612 which sufficiently covers and fills the roughenedsurface 613 of thesemi-finished plate 612. Such an arrangement increases the adhesive strength between thesemi-finished plate 612 and thesecond metal layer 614. Thesemi-finished plate 612 and thesecond metal layer 614 may be made of the same metal or different metals. The roughenedsurface 613 of thesemi-finished plate 612 may be formed of a plurality of recesses, holes, grooves, balls or protrusions or a combination of these. The roughenedsurface 613 of thesemi-finished plate 612 may be formed mechanically and/or chemically. By way of such an arrangement, detachment of thesemi-finished plate 612 and thesecond metal layer 614 from each other is at least hindered. -
FIG. 7 shows a method according to a still further embodiment of the present invention. This method includes disposing a semi-finished plate formed of a first metal in a mold, in which a surface of the semi-finished plate is provided with at least one engaging structure (S701), and injecting a second metal in liquid form onto the surface of the semi-finished plate, so as to form a second metal layer on the semi-finished plate, in which the second metal in liquid form caps, fills and engages with the engaging structure on the surface of the semi-finished plate (S702). The engaging structure of the semi-finished plate can be formed on either a cosmetic surface or an inner surface of the semi-finished plate. A third metal in liquid form may be injected onto the second metal layer to form a three-layer metal plate by repeating the operation. -
FIG. 8 illustrates a plate with multiple metal layers manufactured according to the method shown inFIG. 7 . As shown inFIG. 8 , asemi-finished metal plate 812 formed of a first metal is disposed in amold 810. A surface of thesemi-finished plate 812 is formed with at least oneengaging structure 813. The engagingstructure 813 may be a hook, a buckle, a trench, a protrusion, a groove or a combination of these structures. A second metal in liquid form is injected onto the surface of thesemi-finished plate 812, to form asecond metal layer 814 on thesemi-finished plate 812 which sufficiently caps, fills and engages with the engagingstructure 813 on the surface of thesemi-finished plate 812. By way of such an arrangement, at least part of thesecond metal layer 814 is confined to a space defined by the engagingstructure 813, so as to fix thesemi-finished plate 812 with thesecond metal layer 814. Such an arrangement at least hinders detachment of thesemi-finished plate 812 and thesecond metal layer 814 from each other. - In molding, the molten molding material (such as a molten metal) is injected from an injector nozzle of a molding machine to flow through a sprue, then a runner, then a gate, through which the molten molding material enters the cavity of the mold. More particularly, a sprue is a channel allowing flow of the molten molding material from the injector nozzle towards the mold cavity. A runner is a channel in fluid communication with the sprue and guides the molten molding material to flow from the sprue towards the mold cavity. The runner is joined with the gate and the gate acts as an entrance through which molten molding material in the runner enters the mold cavity.
- To further enhance the strength of bonding/engagement between the first metal layer and second metal layer, in an embodiment of the present invention, the second metal in liquid form is injected from the injector nozzle at such a speed that the second metal in liquid form exits the runner and enters the cavity of the mold via the gate of the mold at a speed of at least 70 meters per second (m/s). This speed will hereafter be called the “ex-gate speed”. In one embodiment, to achieve an ex-gate speed of 70 m/s, it is arranged such that the second metal in liquid form exits the sprue and enters the runner at a speed of at least 3.5 m/s. This latter speed will hereafter be called the “ex-sprue speed”.
-
FIG. 9A illustrates a plate with multiple metal layers according to an embodiment of the present invention. Asemi-finished plate 912 formed of a first metal is first disposed in amold 910. Asurface 913 b of thesemi-finished plate 912 is roughened to form a plurality of recesses, holes, grooves, balls and/or protrusions, and at least oneengaging structure 913 a in the form of a hook, buckle, trench, protrusion and/or groove is also formed on thesurface 913 b. A second metal in liquid form is injected onto the roughenedsurface 913 b and the at least oneengaging structure 913 a of thesemi-finished plate 912 at an ex-gate speed of at least 70 m/s, to form asecond metal layer 914 on thesemi-finished plate 912 which sufficiently covers and fills the roughenedsurface 913 b and engages the at least oneengaging structure 913 a of thesemi-finished plate 912, so as to increase the joining and bonding or engagement strength between thesemi-finished plate 912 and thesecond metal layer 914 and to confine part of thesecond metal layer 914 within a space defined by the engaging structure(s) 913 a. -
FIG. 9B illustrates a plate with multiple metal layers according to another embodiment of the present invention. Asemi-finished plate 912′ formed of a first metal is first disposed in amold 910′. A surface of thesemi-finished plate 912′ is formed with at least oneengaging structure 913 a′ in the form of a hook, a buckle, a trench, a protrusion and/or a groove. A second metal in liquid form is injected onto the engagingstructure 913 a′ of thesemi-finished plate 912′ at an ex-gate speed of at least 70 m/s, to form asecond metal layer 914′ on thesemi-finished plate 912′ which sufficiently covers, fills and engages with the engagingstructure 913 a′ of thesemi-finished plate 912′. Such an arrangement increases the joining and bonding or engagement strength between thesemi-finished plate 912′ and thesecond metal layer 914′ and confines part of thesecond metal layer 914′ within a space defined by the engaging structure(s) 913 a′. More particularly, bonding or engagement between thesemi-finished plate 912′ and thesecond metal layer 914′ is enhanced because the inter-engagement and/or interlocking between thesecond metal layer 914′ and the engagingstructure 913 a′ hinders detachment of thesemi-finished plate 912′ and thesecond metal layer 914′ from each other. More particularly, it can be said that each of thesemi-finished plate 912′ and thesecond metal layer 914′ has at least one engagement structure which engage with each other. - The semi-finished plate (or the first metal layer) and the second metal layer may be made of the same metal or different metals, and the metal may be stainless steel, iron, zinc, aluminum, magnesium, chromium, titanium, copper, beryllium, nickel or an alloy thereof.
- The roughened surface of the semi-finished plate (i.e. first metal layer) in the above embodiments may be formed chemically and/or mechanically. For example, if the first metal layer is formed of aluminum (Al), anodizing process may be used for forming pores on the surface of first metal layer for joining with the molten second metal. In particular, the second metal in molten state may be trapped in the pores, so that the second metal will be fastened onto the first metal layer after cooling and curing thereof.
- The plate may be used as a cover or an insert of an electronic device, or any other kinds of products/devices in other industries in which the devices require better joining, bonding or engagement strength on multi-metal construction.
- The first metal layer and the second metal layer may be engaged together by bonding or confining a part of the second metal layer in a space defined by the engaging structure.
- In above-mentioned methods, the
second metal - In view of the above, high speed of flow of the second molten metal is a critical parameter in minimizing the fall in temperature of the second molten metal during its flow from the injection nozzle to the mold cavity. Localized melting on the surfaces of the two metals which are going to be joined or bonded together can only result in a weak bonding. As such, post-processes (for examples, laser welding, resistance welding and some other welding processes which are known in the market) are needed to enhance the joining or bonding strength between the two metal layers. In the present invention, a bolted locking mechanism (or bolted locking space) is provided on the first metal layer for guiding the second metal in molten form to be trapped by the designated space defined by the bolted locking mechanism, as the engaging
structures FIGS. 9A-9B and discussed above. - In particular, a purpose of injecting the second metal in liquid form into the mold at a high speed is to ensure that the second metal fills up the cavity in a very short time, and thus the second metal is still in the molten stage when it fills up the cavity of the mold to form the second metal layer. As shown in the example illustrated in
FIGS. 10A to 10C , the total time duration starting from that shown inFIG. 10A (when the molten second metal exits the sprue and enters the runner, at point A), through that shown inFIG. 10B (when the molten second metal has passed through the runner and is about to enter the gate, at point B), until that shown inFIG. 10C (when the molten second metal fills up the cavity of the mold, at point C) is not more than 0.02 s, with a total displacement of 130 mm. Of this time duration of 0.02 s, the time duration which the molten second metal takes to fill up the cavity only is not more than 0.005 s after it enters the cavity of the mold. In this example, the speed at which the molten second metal exits the sprue and enters the runner is 3.5 m/s, and the speed at which the molten second metal exits the gate and enters the cavity of the mold is 70 m/s. - To further enhance the engagement and bonding between the two metal layers, as shown in
FIG. 11 , amold 1100 for manufacturing a plate with multiple metal layers according to this invention has anupper mold 1102 with a barrier in the form of anendless wall 1104 which extends away from a surface of theupper mold 1102 directly facing alower mold 1106. When theupper mold 1102 is in the configuration shown inFIG. 11 , in which theupper mold 1102 is aligned with thelower mold 1106 and a semi-finished metal plate 1108 (being a first metal layer) ready for injection of the second metal in molten form is held between theupper mold 1102 and thelower mold 1106, thewall 1104 contacts and is pressed to cut into thesemi-finished plate 1108 to form a seal which prevents flow of a fluid (including a gas and a liquid) through the seal. The gas may be air and the liquid may be a liquid molding material, such as the second metal in molten form. Aspace 1110 is also formed between theupper mold 1102 and thesemi-finished plate 1108. Thespace 1110 is in a fluid-communicable relationship with the injector nozzle via the sprue, runner and gate of the mold. Thespace 1110 reduces further oxidation of the molten second metal during its flow in the mold. Because of the high speed at which the second metal in molten form exits the gate and enters the cavity, and with the help of the space 1110 (which reduces further oxidation of the second metal in molten form), the molten second metal can engage with and/or penetrate the roughened surface and/or the engagement element on thesemi-finished plate 1108 in a very short period of time, say of no more than 0.005 s, after it has entered thespace 1110, to thereby enhance the strength of engagement between the two layers of metal (meaning thesemi-finished plate 1108 and the metal layer formed of the cooled-down second metal). On the other hand, in the absence of thewall 1104 and, thus, the fluid-proof seal between thewall 1104 and thesemi-finished plate 1108, due to the connection of the outside atmosphere and the cavity through the traditional air venting system, the molten second metal will further be further cooled down and oxidized during the injection process. The surface of the molten second metal will become oxidized and will be extended to the coming molten second metal. The surface tension of the oxidized molten second metal and/or semi-solid second metal will be higher, causing higher viscosity of the molten second metal, which will slow down the flow of the molten second metal. It will then be difficult for the molten second metal to penetrate or engage with the engagement elements of thesemi-finished plate 1108, in particular if such engagement elements are of a height of less than 0.5 mm and a width of less than 0.5 mm, or engagement elements of a depth of at least 0.5 mm. - Although the engagement elements may be of a height of at least 0.5 mm, the second metal layer may be of a lesser thickness. As shown in
FIG. 12 , thesemi-finished plate 1108 is schematically shown with two engagement elements, each being ahook 1112, which are spaced apart from each other. Thehooks 1112 extend from anupper surface 1114 of theplate 1108 by a height of 0.5 mm. A volume of molten second metal is injected into the space between thehooks 1112 to form asecond metal layer 1116 engaged with theplate 1108. Depending on the structural and design requirements, the thickness of thesecond metal layer 1116 may be more than, equal to, or less than the height of thehooks 1112. In particular, inFIG. 12 , thesecond metal layer 1116 is shown as being of a thickness (e.g. 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm or less) which is less than the height of thehooks 1112. - The
mold 1100 includes a passageway through which molding materials (such as molten metals) may be supplied to the cavity of the mold when themold 1100 is in the closed configuration. As distinct from existing practice, however, there is no channel in themold 1100 through which excess molding material (i.e. the molten metal) exits the cavity of themold 1100 to become burrs and flash, which have to be trimmed off after the molding process. On the other hand, when themold 1100 is used, any excess molten second metal will flow over the first metal layer/plate 1108 and will still form part of the product. It is thus not necessary to carry out any trimming step after the method according to this invention, because there is no “over-flow material” to be trimmed off. - Although
FIG. 11 shows thewall 1104 as being provided by theupper mold 1102, it is envisaged that, depending on the designs of the products, thewall 1104 may be provided by thelower mold 1106, e.g. on a surface facing directly theupper mold 1102. - A method according to this invention possesses at least the following advantages:
- (a) the molded product can be ejected after the injection process, which is different from the ordinary casting process in which the product has to be cooled down before it can be ejected from the cavity,
- (b) the molten second metal covers the first metal layer when the molten second metal is still in liquid form,
- (c) further oxidation of the molten second metal before it is cooled down is reduced, thus allowing the molten second metal to fully engage with or penetrate into different parts of the roughened surface and/or engagement elements (such as grooves, pores, recesses) of the semi-finished plate (being a first metal layer). It provides the opportunity to form the interior features in net shape and to reduce a lot of post-treatment processes and CNC works, thus saving further cost,
- (d) as all the molten metal is trapped, with no overflow of such metal, the edges around the first and second metal layers become dense and sealed. There is thus no gap between the metal layers, in particular between the boundaries or between the joining lines of the metal layers, which is observable by end users, thus ensuring cosmetic quality. In addition to being a cosmetic treatment for the product, such also prevents liquid (such as water, DI water, acidic solutions, alkaline solutions or the like) from seeping between the metal layers. This at least reduces the potential problem of galvanic corrosion of the product,
- (e) in cases where the workpiece is to form the outer casing of a finished product, the surface which will form the outside surface of the finished product will have no trace of the injected material, thus presenting a more aesthetically pleasing outlook, and
- (f) as the second metal layer can be very thin (of not more than 0.5 mm), if a workpiece is to form a casing of a product, space of the interior of the product is saved, thus allowing more freedom to the designers.
- In a further embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in
FIGS. 13 to 14B , a first metal layer (e.g. a semi-finished plate 1200) is pre-treated before molding. Theplate 1200, which is made of a first metal, is originally of a generally rectangular cross-section. Thesemi-finished plate 1200 conforms generally with the shape and contour (in particular the outer contour) of the component which it is intended to form. Some of the first metal is removed from theplate 1200 to form one or more recesses, e.g.thin bays 1202, on anupper surface 1204 of theplate 1200. Thesebays 1202 are of a depth d of 0.3 mm or less, while the thickness D of thefirst metal layer 1200 is around 0.8 mm. - The pre-treated
semi-finished plate 1200 is then placed within the cavity of a mold. A molten second metal is then injected onto theupper surface 1204 of thepre-treated plate 1200 to form asecond metal layer 1206, and to engage with thepre-treated plate 1200 to form a bi-layer metal workpiece. Some of the second metal is received within thebays 1202 of theplate 1200, so as to engage thepre-treated plate 1200 with thesecond metal layer 1206. It is of course possible to form a workpiece with more layers of metal by repeating the above steps. It should be noted that thesecond metal layer 1206 may cover only part of thebays 1202. - In addition, and as shown in
FIG. 14A , because of the high speed at which the molten second metal is injected onto theupper surface 1204 of theplate 1200, thesecond metal layer 1206 so formed by the second metal can form structures which extend away from a major surface of thesecond metal layer 1206 of theplate 1200. Such structures may bescrew boss 1208 and other mechanical,structural components 1210. - It is found in practice that this arrangement of pre-treating the semi-finished plate 1200 (in particular the removal of some of the first metal from the
plate 1200 to form two recesses in the form ofthin bays 1202 on theupper surface 1204 of the plate 1200) before molding may be advantageously combined with the use ofmold 1100 with theendless wall 1104 discussed above. With such a combined method, there will be no “waste material”, as any excess molten second metal (i.e. molten second metal beyond the minimum amount necessary for molding onto the first metal layer) will be kept within themold 1100 to form at least part of thesecond metal layer 1206, which forms useful parts of the final workpiece/product. - An advantage associated with adopting such a combined method is that all excess or surplus molten second metal (if any) will become part of the final workpiece/product in a planned manner, which could assist in strengthening the features formed by the second metal. In addition, as it is not necessary to post-treat any overflow material, the combined method is both environmentally-friendly and cost-saving.
- As mentioned above, the
second metal layer 1206 may cover only part of the bays formed on the first metal layer. As shown inFIG. 15 , acover 1302 formed of a first metal layer is formed with ashallow bay 1304 along the periphery. Molten second metal is then molded on the first metal layer to form a second metal layer, in such a way that part of thebay 1304 is covered by the molten second metal. Hashedareas 1306 shown inFIG. 15 are areas of the thin 1304 not covered by the molten second metal. During the molding process, thebay 1304 receives the molding material (i.e. molten second metal) and performs air-venting function for leaking air generated during the molding process. - The present invention seeks to at least mitigate the shortcomings associated with the prior art, and to manufacture a workpiece with multiple metal layers at a lower cost and with a higher yield, by preparing materials according to actual material consumption, thus being more environmentally friendly and cost efficient than the technology currently available. Meanwhile, different metals of double layers or multiple layers may be designed to completely or partially cover a substrate, so as to meet the requirements for appearance and mechanical performance at the same time, which will save a large amount of work in developing different alloy materials and save global resources.
- The method of the present invention achieves good adhesiveness between multiple metal layers and improves the metal compactness and the surface smoothness, and facilitates subsequent metal surface treatment.
- It should also be understood that, for the purpose of this invention, a “workpiece with multiple metal layers” does not mean that the workpiece is formed exclusively of metal(s). It is envisaged that a “workpiece with multiple metal layers” may be formed additionally of other materials, e.g. plastics material. As an example, such a workpiece may be formed of two metal layers which are bonded/engaged with each other as discussed above and a plastic layer which is bonded/engaged with one of the two metal layers. There is thus no limitation on the number of layers of materials involved or the number of materials involved, so long as the workpiece includes two metal layers which are bonded/engaged with each other as discussed above.
- Although the technical contents and features of the present invention are described above, various variations and modifications can be made by persons of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the teaching and disclosure of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but encompasses other variations and modifications that do not depart from the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A mold including a first mold piece and a second mold piece,
wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration for holding a semi-finished workpiece between said first mold piece and said second mold piece, and
wherein at least said first mold piece includes a wall member which, when said mold is in said closed configuration and holds a semi-finished workpiece, presses into at least part of said semi-finished workpiece to form a seal between said wall member and said semi-finished workpiece which prevents flow of a fluid through said seal.
2. The mold according to claim 1 wherein said first mold piece is an upper mold part.
3. The mold according to claim 1 wherein said wall member is endless.
4. The mold according to claim 1 further including a passage which, when said mold is in said closed configuration and a space is formed between said semi-finished workpiece and said first mold piece, allows supply of a molding material into said space.
5. The mold according to claim 1 further including a pressing component.
6. The mold according to claim 1 wherein said fluid is a gas and/or a liquid.
7. The mold according to claim 6 wherein said gas is air.
8. The mold according to claim 6 wherein said liquid is a molten molding material.
9. A mold including a first mold piece and a second mold piece,
wherein said first mold piece and said second mold piece are movable relative to each other between an open configuration in which said first mold piece and said second mold piece are detached from each other and a closed configuration in which said first mold piece and said mold piece are engaged with each other to form a cavity for containing a semi-finished workpiece,
wherein said first mold piece includes a passageway allowing supply of molding material into said cavity, and
wherein said mold is without a channel allowing flow of molding material out of said cavity.
Priority Applications (2)
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US14/065,745 US20140054001A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-29 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
US14/859,264 US20160008878A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2015-09-19 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
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CN201100372814 | 2011-02-01 | ||
CN201110037281.4A CN102615269B (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2011-02-01 | Manufacture the method and the device that comprise the housing of plurality of metal |
US13/277,673 US20120193061A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2011-10-20 | Method and device for manufacturing cover including multiple metal layers |
CN20110037281.4 | 2012-02-01 | ||
US13/651,980 US20130040160A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-10-15 | Method for manufacturing a plate including multiple metal layers |
US13/747,833 US20130136946A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-01-23 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
US14/065,745 US20140054001A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-29 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
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US13/747,833 Division US20130136946A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-01-23 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
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US14/859,264 Continuation US20160008878A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2015-09-19 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
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US20140054001A1 true US20140054001A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
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US13/747,833 Abandoned US20130136946A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-01-23 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
US14/065,763 Abandoned US20140057126A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-29 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
US14/065,745 Abandoned US20140054001A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-29 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
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US14/065,763 Abandoned US20140057126A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-29 | Method Of Manufacturing A Workpiece With Multiple Metal Layers |
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CN103930600B (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2016-06-15 | 苹果公司 | Anodic oxidation Electroplating Aluminum structure and the method manufacturing it |
CN103974576B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-07-22 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Electronic device shell and manufacturing method thereof |
CN103974577B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-08-12 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | Case of electronic device and manufacture method thereof |
CN105033224B (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2019-03-08 | 袁龙 | The bonding method of metal material and liquid metal and liquid plastic cement is auxiliarily fixed in structure |
DE102017219704A1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a component |
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GB980146A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1965-01-13 | Multifastener Corp | Improvements in or relating to high pressure permanent moulding of articles from molten metals |
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US2610372A (en) * | 1949-04-20 | 1952-09-16 | Henry F Schroeder | Apparatus for reducing the porosity of castings |
US3534802A (en) * | 1966-08-31 | 1970-10-20 | Irving A Carr | Pressure die casting method |
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US5226469A (en) * | 1987-07-01 | 1993-07-13 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite structures and methods of manufacturing the same |
US8349462B2 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2013-01-08 | Alcoa Inc. | Aluminum alloys, aluminum alloy products and methods for making the same |
CN102615269B (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2015-08-19 | 昶联金属材料应用制品(广州)有限公司 | Manufacture the method and the device that comprise the housing of plurality of metal |
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2013
- 2013-01-23 US US13/747,833 patent/US20130136946A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-10-29 US US14/065,763 patent/US20140057126A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-10-29 US US14/065,745 patent/US20140054001A1/en not_active Abandoned
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GB980146A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1965-01-13 | Multifastener Corp | Improvements in or relating to high pressure permanent moulding of articles from molten metals |
US5851558A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-12-22 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Foil-decorating injection molding machine |
US20010002617A1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2001-06-07 | United Technologies Corporation | Apparatus and methods for die casting |
US20070045899A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Moriroku Company, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of injection molding |
US20110195271A1 (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Apple Inc. | Cast Metal Parts With Cosmetic Surfaces And Methods Of Making Same |
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US20130136946A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
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