US20140007895A1 - Ultrasonically excited comb - Google Patents

Ultrasonically excited comb Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140007895A1
US20140007895A1 US13/923,393 US201313923393A US2014007895A1 US 20140007895 A1 US20140007895 A1 US 20140007895A1 US 201313923393 A US201313923393 A US 201313923393A US 2014007895 A1 US2014007895 A1 US 2014007895A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
spine
comb
teeth
comb body
hair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/923,393
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Britva
Alexander Dverin
Itay MEIR
Sergey STOLIAROV
Ziv Karni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alma Lasers Ltd
Original Assignee
Alma Lasers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alma Lasers Ltd filed Critical Alma Lasers Ltd
Priority to US13/923,393 priority Critical patent/US20140007895A1/en
Publication of US20140007895A1 publication Critical patent/US20140007895A1/en
Assigned to ALMA LASERS LTD. reassignment ALMA LASERS LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRITVA, ALEXANDER, DVERIN, ALEXANDER, KARNI, ZIV, MEIR, ITAY, STOLIAROV, SERGEY
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D24/00—Hair combs for care of the hair; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D24/00—Hair combs for care of the hair; Accessories therefor
    • A45D24/007—Hair combs for care of the hair; Accessories therefor power-driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D24/00—Hair combs for care of the hair; Accessories therefor
    • A45D24/22—Combs with dispensing devices for liquids, pastes or powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D2200/00—Details not otherwise provided for in A45D
    • A45D2200/20—Additional enhancing means
    • A45D2200/207—Vibration, e.g. ultrasound

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a comb for hair or fibres that is coupled to an ultrasound generator.
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a comb that acts as a sonotrode of an ultrasonic transducer to apply the generated ultrasound energy effectively to the hair or fibres being treated.
  • a comb for hair or fibres comprising a rigid comb body having a spine extending along a longitudinal axis and a plurality of teeth projecting from the spine and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis, and at least one ultrasound generator connected to the spine, characterised in that the or each ultrasound generator comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer operative to apply compression waves to the spine in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the spine so as to cause surface waves to propagate along the spine and the teeth of the comb body.
  • Ultrasonic vibrations can travel through a rigid sheet in a variety of modes that include both bulk waves (compression waves and shear waves) and surface waves, such as Rayleigh-Lamb waves.
  • prior art proposals relied on ultrasound propagating as bulk waves along the length of the spine to cause the teeth to vibrate in a manner similar to the prongs of a tuning fork
  • the present invention relies on the ultrasound energy propagating as surface waves along the teeth. As it is only the surface of the comb that comes into contact with the hair or fibres, the invention achieves more efficient coupling of the generated ultrasonic energy.
  • the ultrasound generator preferably comprises a plurality of transducers arranged with an equal number of transducers on each side of the spine, the spine being clamped between the ultrasonic transducers.
  • the comb body is made of metal and preferably serves as an electrical ground plane of the transducers.
  • the ultrasonic transducers are excited by an a.c. HF voltage of which the frequency is tuned to cause resonance of the ultrasonic vibrations travelling along the teeth of the comb body in at least one mode of propagation.
  • the excitation frequency may suitably be selected such that the length of the teeth is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the length of the spine and the separation between the teeth of the comb body may be selected to be harmonically related to one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the excitation frequency is selected such that resonance occurs in the ultrasonic vibrations that propagate as Lamb waves along the teeth of the comb body.
  • a hair or fibre treatment apparatus comprising an ultrasonically excited comb as set forth above integrated with a dispenser for applying a hair treatment product to be worked into the hair by the teeth of the comb.
  • a comb for hair or fibres comprising a rigid comb body having a spine extending along a longitudinal axis and a plurality of teeth projecting from the spine and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis; and at least one ultrasound generator connected to the spine, wherein the or each ultrasound generator comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer operative to apply compression waves to the spine in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the spine, so as to cause surface waves to propagate along the spine and the teeth of the comb body.
  • the ultrasound generator comprises a plurality of transducers arranged with an equal number of transducers on each side of the spine, the spine being clamped between the ultrasonic transducers.
  • the comb body is made of metal.
  • the comb body serves as an electrical ground plane of the transducers.
  • the comb further comprises a source of a.c. voltage connected to the ultrasonic transducers, the source having an excitation frequency tuned to cause resonance of the ultrasonic vibrations travelling along the teeth of the comb body in at least one mode of propagation.
  • the excitation frequency is selected such that the length of the teeth is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the teeth of the comb body are separated from one another by a distance that is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the teeth of the comb body are separated from one another by a distance that is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations produced by the ultrasound generator propagate as Lamb waves along the teeth of the comb body.
  • a hair or fibre treatment apparatus comprising a comb and a dispenser for applying a hair treatment product to be worked into the hair or fibre by the comb
  • the comb comprising: a rigid comb body having a hollow spine extending along a longitudinal axis and a plurality of hollow teeth projecting from the spine and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis, the hair treatment product being able to flow from the dispenser through the hollow spine and teeth to the hair or fibre being treated; and at least one ultrasound generator connected to the spine; wherein the or each ultrasound generator comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer operative to apply compression waves to the spine in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the spine, so as to cause surface waves to propagate along the spine and the teeth of the comb body.
  • the ultrasound generator comprises a plurality of transducers arranged with an equal number of transducers on each side of the spine, the spine being clamped between the ultrasonic transducers.
  • the comb body is made of metal.
  • the comb body serves as an electrical ground plane of the transducers.
  • the apparatus further comprises a source of a.c. voltage connected to the ultrasonic transducers, the source having an excitation frequency tuned to cause resonance of the ultrasonic vibrations travelling along the teeth of the comb body in at least one mode of propagation.
  • the excitation frequency is selected such that the length of the teeth is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the teeth of the comb body are separated from one another by a distance that is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the teeth of the comb body are separated from one another by a distance that is an integer multiple of one half of the wavelength of the ultrasonic vibrations induced in the comb body.
  • the ultrasonic vibrations produced by the ultrasound generator propagate as Lamb waves along the teeth of the comb body.
  • a method of treating hair or fibre which comprises: providing a comb body having a spine extending along a longitudinal axis and a plurality of teeth projecting from the spine and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis, combing the hair or fibre by means of the comb body, and transmitting ultrasound along the spine and the teeth of the comb body during the combing; wherein the transmitting of ultrasound along the spine and the teeth of the comb body comprises causing surface waves to propagate along the spine and the teeth of the comb body by connecting at least one ultrasonic transducer to apply compression waves to the spine in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the spine.
  • a method of treating hair or fibre which comprises providing a comb body having a hollow spine extending along a longitudinal axis and a plurality of hollow teeth projecting from the spine and extending transversely to the longitudinal axis, the hollow spine and the hollow teeth defining fluid flow channels in the comb body; providing a dispenser in communication with the fluid flow channels for dispensing a hair treatment product to be applied to the hair or fibre; combing the hair or fibre by means of the comb body so as to apply to the hair the treatment product from the dispenser, and transmitting ultrasound along the spine and the teeth of the comb body during the combing to work the treatment product into the hair or fibre; wherein the transmitting of ultrasound along the spine and the teeth of the comb comprises connecting at least one ultrasonic transducer to apply compression waves to the spine in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the spine, the compression waves causing surface waves to propagate along the spine and the teeth of the comb body.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a metallic comb body
  • FIG. 2 shows the comb body of FIG. 1 sandwiched between the individual ceramic piezoelectric transducers of an ultrasound generator
  • FIG. 3 is a section through the comb body passing through the spine and one of the teeth and showing the elliptical motion of particles on the surface of a plate during propagation of a Lamb wave.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a comb that includes internal passageways to allow a liquid to flow from a dispenser to the hair being combed,
  • FIG. 5 is a section through the comb body of FIG. 4 , with the section plane intersecting the teeth of the comb body, and
  • FIG. 6 is a second section through the comb body of FIG. 4 , in a section plane coinciding with the plane of symmetry of the comb body and normal to the section plane of FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a comb body 10 made of a solid plate of aluminium or stainless steel, fashioned in the shape of a comb with a spine 12 and teeth 14 .
  • the spine 12 is formed with holes 16 , any one or more of which may be used to couple an ultrasound generator to the comb body 10 .
  • the ultrasound generator 20 shown in FIG. 2 comprises four ceramic piezoelectric transducers 22 having electrodes 26 and arranged as a stack with two transducers 22 on each side of the spine 12 .
  • Two sound reflectors 24 are arranged at the opposite ends of the stack of transducers 22 and all the components of the generator 28 are clamped to one another and to the spine 12 by means of a bolt 28 , fitted with two nuts.
  • the electrode 26 in electrical contact with the spine 12 and the two outer electrodes 26 of the stack of transducers 22 are connected to ground.
  • the electrodes 26 common to the two transducers in each of the two pairs arranged on the opposite sides of the spine 12 are commonly connected to an alternating voltage supply 32 by way of an inductor 30 .
  • the four ceramic piezoelectric transducers 22 behave electrically as four capacitors connected in parallel between the inductor 30 and ground.
  • the parallel connected capacitances of the transducers 22 in conjunction with the inductor 30 , form a series resonant circuit which maximises the a.c. HF voltage acting on the transducers 22 when the frequency of the voltage supply source matches the resonance frequency of the series resonant circuit.
  • Some or all of the dimensions of the comb body may be selected to enhance mechanical resonance of the comb at the excitation frequency of the transducers 22 , to increase the amplitude of the acoustic waves propagating through the comb body.
  • the waves achieving the desired effect on the hair or fibres are surface waves.
  • Lamb waves are surface waves that travel through a body of finite thickness and the mode of propagation is explained with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • the arrows 42 indicate the compression forces applied by the ultrasound generator 20 along its axis 40 .
  • the region of the spine 12 placed under stress by the ultrasound generator 20 is designated 44 and the arrow 46 represents the direction of propagation of the surfaces waves along the teeth 14 .
  • the particles near the surfaces of the comb body move with an elliptical motion and the height of the minor axis of the ellipses decreases with distance of the particles from the surface. If the directions of movement of the particles are as indicated by the arrows in FIG.
  • the wave envelope will travel from left to right, as viewed.
  • the vibrations travel along all surfaces of the teeth so that the wave motion shown in section in FIG. 3 occurs both on the interstitial surfaces of the teeth (varying the gap between the teeth) and on their lateral surfaces.
  • the combined effect results in a form of barrel-type wave propagation (resembling peristaltic motion) along the length of the teeth.
  • the teeth and the spine may be hollow.
  • FIGS. 4 , 5 and 6 Such an embodiment is shown in FIGS. 4 , 5 and 6 in which the spine 112 has an internal passageway 135 that communicates with further passageways 137 extending along the teeth 114 .
  • An ultrasound generator 120 as described previously, is mounted on the spine 112 , the end of which is coupled to a dispenser 150 .
  • the passageways 135 , 137 allow a liquid, such as a dye or a treatment solution, stored in the dispenser 150 to be applied to the hair as it is being combed.
  • the hollow teeth also serve to enhance the amplitude of vibration on the surface of the teeth.
  • the comb body may be heated by the ultrasonic energy and it is possible to reach thermal stability by controlling the ultrasound power.
  • the elevated temperature and increased ultrasonic efficiency improve dye penetration into hair shaft and improve dying of hair roots.
  • the comb also has application in control of lice and for this purpose the comb may be integrated with a dispenser of an active pharmaceutical agent, as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6 .
  • the comb dimensions facilitate ultrasound propagation with maximum of amplitude of acoustic surface waves (antinodes) at the tips of the teeth of the comb.
  • the resonance frequency may be selected to maximise mechanical vibration at other positions along the length of the teeth.
  • the present invention sets out to provide strong ultrasound wave coupling between the teeth side walls and the hairs. Such ultrasonic vibrations have been found in practice to facilitate passage of the comb through curly and tangled hairs and to assist in applying dyes and pharmaceutical compositions to the hair.
  • the working elements of the comb are the teeth, or more correctly gaps between the teeth. Therefore, it is desirable to provide teeth vibrations in the direction orthogonal to the hair. Antinodes, midway along the length of the teeth may lead to tooth oscillations and rotative motion that should facilitate a tangled hair combing.
  • the ultrasonic vibration of the comb results in heating, which assists in hair dying, as the colorant penetrates better into the hair.
  • cavitations can be caused in gels, creams or liquids used for hair dying or parasite control. Such cavitations may be a powerful factor in improving these processes.
  • the comb body in an embodiment of the invention is made of metal. Stainless steel is preferred for use with active chemical ingredients, and aluminium for massaging and skin processing combs.
  • the comb body may also be made of other rigid material, including plastic or ceramic.
  • the teeth may be solid or hollow. A hollow tooth may have an additional improvement (increased amplitude) of cross-sectional vibration in the plane orthogonal to the tooth axis.
  • the preferred length of the teeth is n*lambda/2, lambda being the wavelength.
  • lambda being the wavelength.
  • the wavelength is equal to 13 mm in stainless steel or 14 mm in aluminium. Therefore the preferred tooth lengths are 7, 14, 21 and 28 mm (in the case of aluminium); the distances between transducer axis line and tooth 12 root may be resonant (lambda* ⁇ /2).
  • the width L 1 of the comb may be resonant also.
  • the ultrasound excited comb operates as follows:
  • a high frequency (HF) power source excites the ultrasound transducers in the regular manner.
  • a switching module (not shown) forms rectangular pulses, which are coupled to the transducer through resonant inductor 30 , which acts as an autotransformer to increase HF-voltage.
  • the inductor 30 in series with the intrinsic capacitance of the transducers 22 for an HF resonator.
  • the HF-voltage in this resonator is a sine-wave.
  • Sweeping (or modulation) of the excitation frequency can be applied for compensation of thermal deviation of resonant frequency.
  • the range of frequency sweep may be +/ ⁇ 2 to 7% over the operating frequency.
  • the spine has been shown as being flat and in the same plane as the teeth, it is alternatively possible to the comb body to be in the form of a rake with spine having a first section in the plane of the teeth and a section, serving as a handle, lying in a plane inclined relative to the plane of the teeth.
  • the ultrasonically excited comb described above which has as acting factors ultrasound, mechanical vibration, cavitation (if liquid medium is present) and ultrasonically generated heat, may, in some embodiments, offer one or more of the following advantages:
  • the device can be used in commercial or clinical applications, as well as home use, and can serve for processing or treating human hair, animal hair, and natural or artificial fibres.

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US13/923,393 2012-07-05 2013-06-21 Ultrasonically excited comb Abandoned US20140007895A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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GB1212000.2 2012-07-05
GB1212000.2A GB2497613B (en) 2012-07-05 2012-07-05 Ultrasonically excited comb
US201261669684P 2012-07-10 2012-07-10
US13/923,393 US20140007895A1 (en) 2012-07-05 2013-06-21 Ultrasonically excited comb

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9522031B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2016-12-20 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
WO2017118984A1 (fr) * 2016-01-06 2017-07-13 Parasonic Ltd. Dispositif et procédé pour lutter contre des parasites par réflexion ultrasonore
US9855166B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-01-02 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US9974684B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-05-22 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
WO2018163149A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Esicovich Arik Dispositif de traitement d'infestation par les poux
US10765467B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2020-09-08 R2 Technologies, Inc. Medical systems, methods, and devices for hypopigmentation cooling treatments
US11013547B2 (en) 2017-06-30 2021-05-25 R2 Technologies, Inc. Dermatological cryospray devices having linear array of nozzles and methods of use
CN113559424A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2021-10-29 复旦大学 空耦超声毛发理疗装置及方法
US11266524B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2022-03-08 R2 Technologies, Inc. Medical methods and systems for skin treatment
US11278099B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2022-03-22 L'oreal Formula delivery appliance
US11291284B2 (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-04-05 L'oreal Formula delivery head
US11974816B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2024-05-07 R2 Technologies, Inc. Automated control and positioning systems for dermatological cryospray devices

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3135603A1 (fr) * 2022-05-18 2023-11-24 L'oreal Dispositif de traitement des cheveux et procédé

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US6732744B2 (en) * 2001-12-07 2004-05-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for the ultrasonic treatment of hair and other keratinous fibers
US20070232962A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-10-04 Jona Zumeris System and method for surface acoustic wave treatment of skin
US20110120487A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2011-05-26 L'oreal Hair treatment methods and kits
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US5334960A (en) * 1993-02-16 1994-08-02 Motorola, Inc. Conjugately matched acoustic wave transducers and method
US5297512A (en) * 1993-05-13 1994-03-29 Okanagan House Inc. Vibrating and ultrasonic sound emitting grooming device apparatus and method
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US20070232962A1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-10-04 Jona Zumeris System and method for surface acoustic wave treatment of skin
US20110120487A1 (en) * 2008-05-30 2011-05-26 L'oreal Hair treatment methods and kits
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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10905491B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2021-02-02 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
US9549773B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2017-01-24 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
US9522031B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2016-12-20 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
US9801677B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2017-10-31 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
US9855166B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-01-02 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US9974684B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-05-22 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US11197776B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2021-12-14 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US11590022B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2023-02-28 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US10765467B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2020-09-08 R2 Technologies, Inc. Medical systems, methods, and devices for hypopigmentation cooling treatments
US12004797B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2024-06-11 R2 Technologies, Inc. Medical systems, methods, and devices for hypopigmentation cooling treatments
CN109152852A (zh) * 2016-01-06 2019-01-04 帕拉音波有限公司 使用超声反射损害寄生虫的装置和方法
WO2017118984A1 (fr) * 2016-01-06 2017-07-13 Parasonic Ltd. Dispositif et procédé pour lutter contre des parasites par réflexion ultrasonore
US11266524B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2022-03-08 R2 Technologies, Inc. Medical methods and systems for skin treatment
WO2018163149A1 (fr) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-13 Esicovich Arik Dispositif de traitement d'infestation par les poux
IL251002B (en) * 2017-03-07 2022-07-01 Esicovich Arik A device for the treatment of head lice
US11013547B2 (en) 2017-06-30 2021-05-25 R2 Technologies, Inc. Dermatological cryospray devices having linear array of nozzles and methods of use
US11786286B2 (en) 2017-06-30 2023-10-17 R2 Technologies, Inc. Dermatological cryospray devices having linear array of nozzles and methods of use
US11291284B2 (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-04-05 L'oreal Formula delivery head
US11278099B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2022-03-22 L'oreal Formula delivery appliance
US11974816B2 (en) 2018-12-21 2024-05-07 R2 Technologies, Inc. Automated control and positioning systems for dermatological cryospray devices
CN113559424A (zh) * 2021-07-16 2021-10-29 复旦大学 空耦超声毛发理疗装置及方法

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Publication number Publication date
GB201212000D0 (en) 2012-08-22
EP2682020A3 (fr) 2014-10-01
EP2682020A2 (fr) 2014-01-08
GB2497613A (en) 2013-06-19
GB2497613B (en) 2013-11-20

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