US2013809A - Production of nitrogen - Google Patents

Production of nitrogen Download PDF

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Publication number
US2013809A
US2013809A US637844A US63784432A US2013809A US 2013809 A US2013809 A US 2013809A US 637844 A US637844 A US 637844A US 63784432 A US63784432 A US 63784432A US 2013809 A US2013809 A US 2013809A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
combustion
ammonia
air
nitrogen
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US637844A
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English (en)
Inventor
Salisbury Eric Hall
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2013809A publication Critical patent/US2013809A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/02—Preparation of nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/025—Preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C01B3/047—Decomposition of ammonia
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • a particularly suitable method for carrying out such a process 5 consists in arranging for the heat generated in the combustion step to be returned to the cracking step, thus dispensing with the need of auxiliary heating.
  • the invention consists accordingly in the partial or complete decomposition of ammonia into its elements and the combustion with air of the completely or partially decomposed gas, the two reactions being performed in heat exchange with each other. 'Ihe amount of air supplied for combustion may be varied according as the final gas is to consist substantially of nitrogen or is to contain small amounts of hydrogen.
  • a suitable apparatus for carrying out the invention consists in a cylindrical combustion chamber in one end of which is situated a coiled iron tube which acts as a decomposing or cracking chamber.
  • a chamber filled with an ammonia decomposing catalyst may be used, such chamber being arranged in thermal contact with the products of combustion in the combustion space.
  • the catalyst chamber may be an annular space surrounding the combustion chamber.
  • a supply of ammonia gas is admitted to the coil or catalyst space from a cylinder of anhydrous ammonia or other convenient source, and in starting up the apparatus heat is supplied by burning in the combustion chamber a coal gas or hydrogen flame, o-r a flame of ammonia burning in oxygen may be employed.
  • An electric heater may also be employed if desired in starting up.
  • the degree of cracking will vary.
  • the final products are independent of the degree of crack- 10 ing and are treated for the removal of water and the production of a substantially pure nitrogen gas in any suitable manner.
  • equilibrium When equilibrium has been attained it is necessary to adjust the air supply in order that no ammonia 15 appears in the products of combustion. Excess of air should be avoided as it leads to the presence of free oxygen in the final gas, and the air supply to the combustion chamber is suitably controlled by making test analyses from time to time of the issuing gases.
  • the apparatus described is particularly suitable for the economical production of gases containing up to about 10 per cent. hydrogen, the re- 25 mainder being substantially pure nitrogen.
  • the economic production of such a gas is important for purposes such as bright annealing of metals, particularly non-ferrous metals.
  • the presence of even small amounts of oxygen in annealing furnace atmospheres is highly undesirable but by the production of a gas containing hydrogen as described above, no free oxygen is possible in the products of combustion delivered from the apparatus.
  • the combustion chamber consists of two cylinders I and 2, xed end to end by bolted flanges 3 and 4.
  • the top cover 5 of the chamber is bolted to flanges on the cylinder I and has a central outlet 6 for the combustion products, which are led away by a branch pipe 1.
  • Ammonia is introduced by pipe 8, which passes through the cover 5 and is then developed into a coil 9 terminating in an outlet pipe ID which passes through the cover 5 and is connected to an external pipe Il which leads the cracked gas to the lower end of tbe
  • An equilibrium tem- 5 combustion chamber and terminates in the bottom cover I2.
  • the cover I2 is provided with air ports I3 and a rotary perforated plate I4 which controls the air supply.
  • the cylinder 2 is lined internally with refractory material I5 to protect the walls from the initially very hot gases, and the lining is bevelled as shown so as to allow of the entrance of air through the ports I3.
  • the gases pass upwardly into the space enclosed by the coil 9, which is closed at the top by a plate I6, and owing to the tapered form of the coil fractions of the gas are successively by-passed through the coil towards the walls of the cylinder, thus ensuring as far as possible that each turn of the coil is swept by the gases.
  • the external diameter of the turn of the coil first encountered by the combustion gases approximates to that of the internal diameter of the cylinder I, as shown in the drawing.
  • An apparatus for the decomposition of ammonia into its elements and -for the combustion with air of the resulting gases comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber, a coiled iron tube located in one end thereof and adapted to be swept externally by the combustion products, means for admitting ammonia to said coil and for withdrawing the decomposition products therefrom, means for passing the said decomposition products to the other end of the combustion chamber, and means for admitting air into said combustion chamber in amounts controllable with respect to the rate of ow of said gases.
  • An apparatus for the decomposition of ammonia into its elements and further combustion with air of the resulting gases comprising two separably connected cylinders placed end to end, the first of said cylinders containing a coiled cracking tube adapted to be traversed internally by the ammonia to be decomposed and to be swept externally by the gaseous products resulting from the combustion of the decomposed gas, o

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
US637844A 1931-10-20 1932-10-14 Production of nitrogen Expired - Lifetime US2013809A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB29167/31A GB390870A (en) 1931-10-20 1931-10-20 Improvements in the production of nitrogen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2013809A true US2013809A (en) 1935-09-10

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ID=10287188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US637844A Expired - Lifetime US2013809A (en) 1931-10-20 1932-10-14 Production of nitrogen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2013809A (de)
BE (1) BE391443A (de)
DE (1) DE647917C (de)
FR (1) FR743586A (de)
GB (1) GB390870A (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477796A (en) * 1943-01-28 1949-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat-treating furnace
US2519696A (en) * 1949-07-29 1950-08-22 Jr John B Orr Tube cracking furnace
US2728723A (en) * 1953-01-29 1955-12-27 Gosta C Akerlof Method and apparatus for the production of heat-sensitive substances in electrical glow discharges
US3000693A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-09-19 Koppers Co Inc Method of removing and disposing of ammonia from coke oven gas
US3301709A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-01-31 Asea Ab Method and means for manufacturing liquid oxygen for fuel cells
US3505027A (en) * 1963-05-25 1970-04-07 Still Fa Carl Apparatus for decomposing ammonia
US3516807A (en) * 1966-04-06 1970-06-23 Texas Instruments Inc Apparatus for producing hydrogen gas by the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous fuel containing hydrogen
US3661507A (en) * 1969-04-10 1972-05-09 Still Fa Carl Process for decomposing ammonia
US4273749A (en) * 1977-06-03 1981-06-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Refining process of hot gas containing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia
US8623285B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-01-07 Shawn Grannell Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus
EP2684594A1 (de) * 2011-03-07 2014-01-15 Kanken Techno Co. Ltd. Ammoniak-entgiftungsvorrichtung
US8691182B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-04-08 Shawn Grannell Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus
US8961923B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2015-02-24 Shawn Grannell Autothermal ammonia cracker
NO338112B1 (no) * 2005-04-19 2016-08-01 Ecokeg Pty Ltd Apparat for lagring og tapping av væske
WO2019120999A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Casale Sa Process for producing a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas
US20220364505A1 (en) * 2021-05-14 2022-11-17 Amogy Inc. Renewable fuel power systems for vehicular applications
US11724245B2 (en) 2021-08-13 2023-08-15 Amogy Inc. Integrated heat exchanger reactors for renewable fuel delivery systems
NL2032290B1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-10-06 Wuhu Langzhuo New Material Tech Co Ltd Energy-saving and high-volume ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device
US11834985B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2023-12-05 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US11834334B1 (en) 2022-10-06 2023-12-05 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods of processing ammonia
EP4321476A1 (de) * 2022-08-10 2024-02-14 Linde GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmeverbrauchenden herstellung eines produkts

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2477796A (en) * 1943-01-28 1949-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp Heat-treating furnace
US2519696A (en) * 1949-07-29 1950-08-22 Jr John B Orr Tube cracking furnace
US2728723A (en) * 1953-01-29 1955-12-27 Gosta C Akerlof Method and apparatus for the production of heat-sensitive substances in electrical glow discharges
US3000693A (en) * 1958-08-18 1961-09-19 Koppers Co Inc Method of removing and disposing of ammonia from coke oven gas
US3505027A (en) * 1963-05-25 1970-04-07 Still Fa Carl Apparatus for decomposing ammonia
US3301709A (en) * 1963-06-17 1967-01-31 Asea Ab Method and means for manufacturing liquid oxygen for fuel cells
US3516807A (en) * 1966-04-06 1970-06-23 Texas Instruments Inc Apparatus for producing hydrogen gas by the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous fuel containing hydrogen
US3661507A (en) * 1969-04-10 1972-05-09 Still Fa Carl Process for decomposing ammonia
US4273749A (en) * 1977-06-03 1981-06-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Refining process of hot gas containing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia
NO338112B1 (no) * 2005-04-19 2016-08-01 Ecokeg Pty Ltd Apparat for lagring og tapping av væske
US8623285B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-01-07 Shawn Grannell Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus
US8691182B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-04-08 Shawn Grannell Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus
US8961923B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2015-02-24 Shawn Grannell Autothermal ammonia cracker
US9120072B2 (en) 2011-03-07 2015-09-01 Kanken Techno Co., Ltd. Ammonia detoxification device
JP5893606B2 (ja) * 2011-03-07 2016-03-23 カンケンテクノ株式会社 アンモニア除害装置
EP2684594A1 (de) * 2011-03-07 2014-01-15 Kanken Techno Co. Ltd. Ammoniak-entgiftungsvorrichtung
EP2684594A4 (de) * 2011-03-07 2014-08-20 Kanken Techno Co Ltd Ammoniak-entgiftungsvorrichtung
US11565937B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2023-01-31 Casale Sa Process for producing a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas
WO2019120999A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Casale Sa Process for producing a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas
US11834985B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2023-12-05 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US20220364505A1 (en) * 2021-05-14 2022-11-17 Amogy Inc. Renewable fuel power systems for vehicular applications
US11994062B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-05-28 AMOGY, Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US11994061B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-05-28 Amogy Inc. Methods for reforming ammonia
US12000333B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-06-04 AMOGY, Inc. Systems and methods for processing ammonia
US11724245B2 (en) 2021-08-13 2023-08-15 Amogy Inc. Integrated heat exchanger reactors for renewable fuel delivery systems
NL2032290B1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-10-06 Wuhu Langzhuo New Material Tech Co Ltd Energy-saving and high-volume ammonia decomposition hydrogen production device
EP4321476A1 (de) * 2022-08-10 2024-02-14 Linde GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmeverbrauchenden herstellung eines produkts
US11834334B1 (en) 2022-10-06 2023-12-05 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods of processing ammonia
US11840447B1 (en) 2022-10-06 2023-12-12 Amogy Inc. Systems and methods of processing ammonia
US11912574B1 (en) 2022-10-06 2024-02-27 Amogy Inc. Methods for reforming ammonia
US11975968B2 (en) 2022-10-06 2024-05-07 AMOGY, Inc. Systems and methods of processing ammonia

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE647917C (de) 1937-07-17
FR743586A (de) 1933-04-01
GB390870A (en) 1933-04-20
BE391443A (de)

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