US20130334773A1 - Structure of Piston Ring - Google Patents

Structure of Piston Ring Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130334773A1
US20130334773A1 US13/787,935 US201313787935A US2013334773A1 US 20130334773 A1 US20130334773 A1 US 20130334773A1 US 201313787935 A US201313787935 A US 201313787935A US 2013334773 A1 US2013334773 A1 US 2013334773A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston ring
matrix
diamond
intermediate layer
carbon film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/787,935
Inventor
Wan-Jie Lu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TAI MAO INDUSTRIAL CORP
TAI MAO IND CORP
Original Assignee
TAI MAO IND CORP
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TAI MAO IND CORP filed Critical TAI MAO IND CORP
Assigned to TAI MAO INDUSTRIAL CORP. reassignment TAI MAO INDUSTRIAL CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LU, WAN-JIE
Publication of US20130334773A1 publication Critical patent/US20130334773A1/en
Priority to US14/450,564 priority Critical patent/US9057442B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F5/00—Piston rings, e.g. associated with piston crown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/06—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction using separate springs or elastic elements expanding the rings; Springs therefor ; Expansion by wedging
    • F16J9/061—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction using separate springs or elastic elements expanding the rings; Springs therefor ; Expansion by wedging using metallic coiled or blade springs
    • F16J9/062—Coiled spring along the entire circumference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structure of a piston ring that is configured to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is coated on a surface of the matrix and a diamond-like carbon film is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, so that the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness.
  • the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides expected low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have a long service life as the related environmental regulations require.
  • the conventional piston for being installed in a vehicle engine typically has two to three serially arranged frictional components (i.e. a compression ring, an oil ring, and a scraper ring, generally known as piston rings).
  • the scraper ring is in the shape of a thin ring and is mounted around the piston to closely contact the inner wall of the cylinder, so as to prevent the engine oil within the cylinder from upward flowing to the combustion chamber.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder is covered by a layer of oil that is supplied by the oil ring.
  • the scraper ring serves to remove exceeding engine oil from the inner wall of the cylinder.
  • the existing scraper ring is limited in the overall structural strength and elasticity, so it tends to get worn out prematurely and has a reduced service life.
  • the scraper ring having such poor structural strength and elasticity and coming without any special surface treatment is worn after a period of use, the consumption of engine oil is increased, meaning that the engine starts to waste engine oil.
  • poor air-tightness of the piston can decrease the combustion efficiency, and in a worse case, the piston can move unstably, thereby hindering the engine from supplying power smoothly.
  • the present invention hence provides further improvements to the piston ring used in an engine, with the attempt to make the piston ring have low wear rate and low friction coefficient by boating a matrix of the piston ring with a laminated intermediate layer and a diamond-like carbon film so that the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness.
  • the structure also features applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have a long service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
  • a first primary objective of the present invention is to provide a structure of a piston ring that is to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from hard chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
  • Cr hard chromium
  • CrN chromium nitride
  • TiC titanium carbide
  • a second primary objective of the present invention is to provide a structure of a piston ring that is to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
  • CrN chromium nitride
  • TiC titanium carbide
  • DLC diamond-like carbon film
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piston ring according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional drawing showing the piston ring of one embodiment of the present invention installed in a cylinder and contacting an inner wall of the cylinder;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of Part A of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional drawing showing the piston ring of another embodiment of the present invention installed in a cylinder and contacting an inner wall of the cylinder;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of Part B of FIG. 4 .
  • a structure of a piston ring primarily has the piston ring ( 1 ) (herein realized by a scraper ring) to be installed in an engine.
  • the piston ring ( 1 ) includes a ring body ( 11 ) and a spring ( 12 ).
  • the coil spring ( 12 ) is closely fit in a positioning portion ( 111 ) formed on the ring body ( 11 ). With an extendable gap ( 112 ) provided at one segment of the ring body ( 11 ), the spring ( 12 ) can be stably positioned along an inner periphery of the ring body ( 11 ).
  • a peripheral groove ( 113 ) is formed along an outer periphery of the ring body ( 11 ), and a plurality of through holes ( 114 ) is made at the bottom of the peripheral groove ( 113 ).
  • the peripheral groove ( 113 ) is defined by two retaining flanges ( 115 ) running along its outer periphery, so that the piston ring ( 1 ) has a light overall weight, a small friction coefficient, and close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.
  • the improvement enabled by the present invention is that, the piston ring ( 1 ) (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ) is covered by a laminated intermediate layer ( 1 ) that is formed on the surface of a matrix ( 13 ) from hard chromium (Cr) ( 14 ), chromium nitride (CrN) ( 15 ) and titanium carbide (TiC) ( 16 ) in order, and then covered by a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) ( 18 ) attached to the outer periphery of the intermediate layer ( 17 ), so that the resulting piston ring ( 1 ) is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness (meaning that the hardness is progressively lowered from the outer surface to the interface with the matrix).
  • the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides expected low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix ( 13 ) and making the piston ring ( 1 ) have a long service life as the related environmental regulations require.
  • the piston ring ( 1 ′) (also realized by a scraper ring) is to be installed in an engine and externally coated by a laminated intermediate layer ( 17 ).
  • the intermediate layer ( 17 ) is formed on the surface of a matrix ( 13 ) of the piston ring ( 1 ′) from chromium nitride (CrN) ( 15 ) and titanium carbide (TiC) ( 16 ) in order.
  • CrN chromium nitride
  • TiC titanium carbide
  • a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) 18 ) is coated on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer ( 17 ).
  • the resulting piston ring ( 1 ′) is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness (meaning that the hardness is progressively lowered from the outer surface to the interface with the matrix).
  • the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides acceptable low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix ( 13 ) and making the piston ring ( 1 ′) have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

A structure of a piston ring to be installed in an engine includes a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from hard chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, so that the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness. The structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Technical Field
  • The present invention relates to a structure of a piston ring that is configured to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is coated on a surface of the matrix and a diamond-like carbon film is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, so that the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness. The structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides expected low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have a long service life as the related environmental regulations require.
  • 2. Description of Related Art
  • The conventional piston for being installed in a vehicle engine typically has two to three serially arranged frictional components (i.e. a compression ring, an oil ring, and a scraper ring, generally known as piston rings). Therein, the scraper ring is in the shape of a thin ring and is mounted around the piston to closely contact the inner wall of the cylinder, so as to prevent the engine oil within the cylinder from upward flowing to the combustion chamber. The inner wall of the cylinder is covered by a layer of oil that is supplied by the oil ring. During air intake and power stroke of the engine, the scraper ring serves to remove exceeding engine oil from the inner wall of the cylinder. The existing scraper ring, however, is limited in the overall structural strength and elasticity, so it tends to get worn out prematurely and has a reduced service life. When the scraper ring having such poor structural strength and elasticity and coming without any special surface treatment is worn after a period of use, the consumption of engine oil is increased, meaning that the engine starts to waste engine oil. In addition, poor air-tightness of the piston can decrease the combustion efficiency, and in a worse case, the piston can move unstably, thereby hindering the engine from supplying power smoothly.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention hence provides further improvements to the piston ring used in an engine, with the attempt to make the piston ring have low wear rate and low friction coefficient by boating a matrix of the piston ring with a laminated intermediate layer and a diamond-like carbon film so that the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness. The structure also features applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have a long service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
  • A first primary objective of the present invention is to provide a structure of a piston ring that is to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from hard chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
  • A second primary objective of the present invention is to provide a structure of a piston ring that is to be installed in an engine and has a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer, whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof will be best understood by reference to the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piston ring according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional drawing showing the piston ring of one embodiment of the present invention installed in a cylinder and contacting an inner wall of the cylinder;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of Part A of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional drawing showing the piston ring of another embodiment of the present invention installed in a cylinder and contacting an inner wall of the cylinder; and
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of Part B of FIG. 4.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • According to the present invention, in one embodiment, a structure of a piston ring (as shown in FIG. 1) primarily has the piston ring (1) (herein realized by a scraper ring) to be installed in an engine. The piston ring (1) includes a ring body (11) and a spring (12). The coil spring (12) is closely fit in a positioning portion (111) formed on the ring body (11). With an extendable gap (112) provided at one segment of the ring body (11), the spring (12) can be stably positioned along an inner periphery of the ring body (11). A peripheral groove (113) is formed along an outer periphery of the ring body (11), and a plurality of through holes (114) is made at the bottom of the peripheral groove (113). The peripheral groove (113) is defined by two retaining flanges (115) running along its outer periphery, so that the piston ring (1) has a light overall weight, a small friction coefficient, and close contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.
  • The improvement enabled by the present invention is that, the piston ring (1) (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) is covered by a laminated intermediate layer (1) that is formed on the surface of a matrix (13) from hard chromium (Cr) (14), chromium nitride (CrN) (15) and titanium carbide (TiC) (16) in order, and then covered by a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) (18) attached to the outer periphery of the intermediate layer (17), so that the resulting piston ring (1) is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness (meaning that the hardness is progressively lowered from the outer surface to the interface with the matrix). The structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides expected low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix (13) and making the piston ring (1) have a long service life as the related environmental regulations require.
  • In a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the piston ring (1′) (also realized by a scraper ring) is to be installed in an engine and externally coated by a laminated intermediate layer (17). The intermediate layer (17) is formed on the surface of a matrix (13) of the piston ring (1′) from chromium nitride (CrN) (15) and titanium carbide (TiC) (16) in order. Then a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) (18) is coated on the outer periphery of the intermediate layer (17). Thereby, the resulting piston ring (1′) is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness (meaning that the hardness is progressively lowered from the outer surface to the interface with the matrix). The structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides acceptable low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix (13) and making the piston ring (1′) have an improved normal service life that meets the related environmental regulations.

Claims (2)

What is claimed is:
1. A structure of a piston ring, comprising a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from hard chromium (Cr), chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer,
whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets related environmental regulations.
2. A structure of a piston ring, comprising a matrix wherein a laminated intermediate layer is formed on a surface of the matrix from chromium nitride (CrN) and titanium carbide (TiC) in order, and a diamond-like carbon film (DLC) is coated on an outer periphery of the intermediate layer,
whereby the piston ring is wrapped by a skin with a progressive structure having gradient distribution of hardness and the structure formed from the diamond-like carbon film provides low wear rate and low friction coefficient, while applying a high bonding force to the matrix and making the piston ring have an improved normal service life that meets related environmental regulations.
US13/787,935 2012-06-19 2013-03-07 Structure of Piston Ring Abandoned US20130334773A1 (en)

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TW101121889A TWI513902B (en) 2012-06-19 2012-06-19 Structure of piston ring
TW101121889 2012-06-19

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150211635A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring (Yizheng) Co., Ltd. Multilayer multi-element composite hard pvd coating on the surface of a piston ring, a piston ring and a preparation process
CN113265618A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-17 仪征纳环科技有限公司 Piston ring coating with excellent running-in performance and low friction coefficient and preparation method thereof
CN114703449A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-07-05 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 Titanium-chromium-containing carbon-based nano multilayer film plated on surface of PTFE piston ring and preparation method thereof
WO2022240951A1 (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-11-17 Tenneco Inc. Coated piston ring for an internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10030773B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2018-07-24 Mahle International Gmbh Piston ring

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936295A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-02-03 Koppers Company, Inc. Bearing members having coated wear surfaces

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US5316321A (en) 1991-07-15 1994-05-31 Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Nonferrous piston ring with hard surface treatment layer
JP3439949B2 (en) 1997-06-09 2003-08-25 帝国ピストンリング株式会社 Hard coating material, sliding member coated therewith, and method of manufacturing the same
JP2000120870A (en) 1998-10-15 2000-04-28 Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd Piston ring
JP4322500B2 (en) 2002-12-18 2009-09-02 帝国ピストンリング株式会社 Combination oil ring
ES2695024T3 (en) 2005-08-18 2018-12-28 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon Substrate covered with a layered structure comprising a tetrahedral carbon coating
DE102010002686A1 (en) 2010-03-09 2011-09-15 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Sliding element, in particular piston ring, and method for coating a sliding element
JP2013151707A (en) * 2010-04-01 2013-08-08 Hitachi Ltd Sliding member

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936295A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-02-03 Koppers Company, Inc. Bearing members having coated wear surfaces

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150211635A1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-07-30 Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring (Yizheng) Co., Ltd. Multilayer multi-element composite hard pvd coating on the surface of a piston ring, a piston ring and a preparation process
US9927029B2 (en) * 2014-01-29 2018-03-27 Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring (Yizheng) Co., Ltd. Multilayer multi-element composite hard pvd coating on the surface of a piston ring, a piston ring and a preparation process
CN113265618A (en) * 2021-05-08 2021-08-17 仪征纳环科技有限公司 Piston ring coating with excellent running-in performance and low friction coefficient and preparation method thereof
WO2022240951A1 (en) * 2021-05-12 2022-11-17 Tenneco Inc. Coated piston ring for an internal combustion engine
CN114703449A (en) * 2022-04-02 2022-07-05 合肥工业大学智能制造技术研究院 Titanium-chromium-containing carbon-based nano multilayer film plated on surface of PTFE piston ring and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Publication date
US20140339778A1 (en) 2014-11-20
US9057442B2 (en) 2015-06-16
TW201400704A (en) 2014-01-01
KR20130142907A (en) 2013-12-30
TWI513902B (en) 2015-12-21

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Owner name: TAI MAO INDUSTRIAL CORP., TAIWAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LU, WAN-JIE;REEL/FRAME:029937/0972

Effective date: 20130307

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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