US20130189086A1 - Seal assembly, method and turbomachine - Google Patents
Seal assembly, method and turbomachine Download PDFInfo
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- US20130189086A1 US20130189086A1 US13/749,093 US201313749093A US2013189086A1 US 20130189086 A1 US20130189086 A1 US 20130189086A1 US 201313749093 A US201313749093 A US 201313749093A US 2013189086 A1 US2013189086 A1 US 2013189086A1
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- sealing arrangement
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims description 54
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
- F01D11/127—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with a deformable or crushable structure, e.g. honeycomb
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/44—Free-space packings
- F16J15/444—Free-space packings with facing materials having honeycomb-like structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/55—Seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
- F05D2250/28—Three-dimensional patterned
- F05D2250/283—Three-dimensional patterned honeycomb
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a seal assembly or sealing arrangement for use in turbomachines, to a method for producing a sealing segment, as well as to a turbomachine.
- Sealing arrangements also known as seal assemblies, are used on a regular basis in turbomachines, such as, airplane engines, for sealing a radial gap between rotating engine components and stationary engine components. They permit a damage-free running-in of blade tips, sealing webs and the like, and they result in a reduction of leakage streams.
- Known sealing arrangements comprise a plurality of sealing segments each consisting of a honeycomb element and a base body for accommodating or holding the honeycomb element.
- the base body can be an integral body section of an engine component, such as, an outer shrouding band of a rotor blade, or an individual component which is mounted on a rotor- or stator-side supporting section, such as, for example, a radial collar of a rotor hub, opposite a stator blade.
- the honeycomb element and the base body are usually produced separately from each other and are subsequently connected to each other by high-temperature soldering in a vacuum.
- the base body is often a solid body which is produced preferably from a high temperature resistant nickel alloy.
- the honeycomb element usually consists of a plurality of reshaped metal plates that are interconnected to form honeycombs. The separate production of the honeycomb element and of the base body simplifies their formation; however, during the soldering process a distortion of the honeycombs can occur, so that their diameter has to be machine finished, for example, by regrinding.
- the regrinding is particularly expensive if the base body is an integral body section, such as, an outer shrouding band of a stator blade or a rotor blade, since the clamping and handling of the stator blade is complicated.
- the replacement of individual sealing segments is expensive due to the material lock connection. If the base body is mounted on a supporting section, this usually occurs via a sliding engagement in the peripheral direction, as a result of which, when one of the sealing segments is replaced, several sealing segments have to be disassembled from the supporting sections.
- the metal plate reshaping in addition limits the freedom of design of the sealing segments and that of the sealing arrangement, and as a result construction related compromises have to be made. Moreover, the construction related compromises have a disadvantageous effect on their sealing effect and on the weight of the sealing segments.
- the construction of the sealing segments is determined by the connection of the honeycomb element to the base body.
- the sealing arrangement according to the invention for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator has a plurality of sealing segments each comprising a honeycomb element and a base body for holding the honeycomb element.
- the base bodies comprise rear, plastically deformable, securing elements.
- at least one support is provided to connect the base body to a rotor section or a stator section, which comprises holding fixtures for holding the securing elements.
- the solution according to the invention allows a simple installation and removal of the sealing arrangement, since the sealing segments can be attached rapidly to the at least one support, by plastic deformation of the securing elements.
- Each sealing segment can be attached separately in position, wherein, during the removal of an adjacent sealing segment, its position is not changed. This makes it possible to dispense with the known sliding engagement, for example, as a result of which the sealing segments can be removed individually. A removal of the sealing segments that are adjacent in the peripheral direction is not necessary. Because the securing elements are arranged on the rear of the base body, damage to the honeycomb element during the installation or removal of the sealing segments is prevented. Because the sealing segments are produced separately from the at least one support, they can be connected to the support in the final processed state.
- the installation of the sealing arrangement is particularly simple, if the deformable securing elements are configured as pin-like elements, such as rivets, extending in the radial direction of the sealing arrangement, and permitting a positive-locking and friction-locking connection of the base body or of the sealing segments to the at least one support.
- the rivets are hollow rivets.
- the base bodies and/or the at least one support comprise(s) dimensionally stable securing elements.
- the dimensionally stable securing elements permit a positive connection and they require no deformation steps. They are particularly advantageous if they replace several of the deformable securing elements, because this results in fewer securing elements having to be deformed.
- the dimensionally stable securing elements are hook sections that are formed laterally on the base bodies or the at least one support, and that grip, in the installed state of the sealing elements, laterally around the at least one support or the base bodies.
- the base bodies can form, on their lateral joint areas, in each case a lap joint.
- the honeycomb walls can have a greater wall thickness than in intermediate areas.
- the wall thicknesses in the joint areas are doubled in comparison with the wall thicknesses in the intermediate areas.
- the honeycomb elements comprise hollow spaces.
- a high level of sound absorption can be achieved particularly if said hollow spaces open in the direction of the base bodies.
- the support comprises a front ring, viewed in the direction of flow, and a rear ring, each having a web for mounting on both sides to the rotor section or the stator section, and each having a flange for the formation of the holding fixtures and/or of the dimensionally stable securing elements.
- the support permits compensation for component and installation tolerances.
- this embodiment example makes it possible to compensate for various heat expansions of the sealing segments and of the rotor section or of the stator section.
- the support can be mounted by means of a sliding seat on the rotor section or the stator section.
- each outer shrouding band of a blade is a support.
- this blade represents the rotor section or the stator section. Consequently, an individual attachment of the support to the rotor section or the stator section is dispensed with.
- the supports or outer shrouding bands, on a cladding delimiting the flow channel can comprise, in the area of the holding fixtures, recesses in order to level the securing element sections protruding through the supports or shrouding bands.
- the honeycomb elements are formed generatively with the base body.
- the sealing segments can be designed nearly freely, and subsequent joining work, such as the soldering of the honeycomb elements to the base bodies, is dispensed with, which makes it possible, in particular, to avoid component distortion, and a reworking is dispensed with.
- the securing elements are preferably also produced generatively with the base body; however, they can also be connected by a material-locking (i.e., cohesive) connection to the base body, after the production.
- a sealing segment according to the invention for a sealing arrangement each comprising a honeycomb element, a base body, and securing elements for securing to a support, the base body, the honeycomb element, and the attachment elements are produced generatively.
- the generative production allows an optimal, because nearly free, design of the sealing segments and particularly of the honeycomb elements with regard to the running-in behavior, the sealing effect, the wall thicknesses or wall thickness distribution, the wall porosity, the hollow spaces for sound absorption, and the like.
- the sealing segment can be optimized in terms of function and structure, which results not only in an optimized sealing effect and noise emission, but also in a lower weight.
- a soldering process for securing the honeycomb elements to the base bodies is not necessary, so that the sealing segment can be tailor-made without subsequent grinding procedures. Because the securing elements are integral components of the sealing segments, they do not have to be first mounted or introduced during the installation, which further simplifies the installation of the sealing arrangement.
- a preferred turbomachine has at least one sealing arrangement according to the invention.
- Such a turbomachine is characterized by an improved sealing effect and thus by a high level of efficiency.
- noise in the interior of the turbomachine is reduced, due to the improved sound absorption.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a first embodiment of a sealing arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows an axial cross section through a second embodiment example of the sealing arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 a cross section is shown, in the direction of flow, through a first embodiment example of a sealing arrangement 1 according to the invention for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator.
- the sealing arrangement 1 is connected to a stator section 2 and comprises a plurality of sealing segments 4 as well as a support 6 .
- the stator section 2 can in principle be a housing section, a section of a stator blade, a section of a blade support and the like.
- the sealing arrangement 1 is arranged in the area of a low-pressure turbine of an airplane engine.
- the sealing segments 4 are arranged in each case next to each other in the peripheral direction on the support 6 , and they form a closed or nearly closed sealing segment ring which surrounds a rotor hub. They each have a honeycomb element 8 and a base body 10 .
- the honeycomb element 8 comprises a plurality of honeycombs which are separated from each other by means of individual walls 12 .
- the honeycombs and the walls 12 each have a cross section and a radial height or a length which depend on general conditions, such as, the running-in properties, the sealing effect and the installation position.
- the honeycombs and walls 12 can also have different cross sections and, as shown in FIG. 1 , different heights in sections.
- the walls 12 in addition have an individually set porosity.
- the walls 12 preferably have a reinforced wall thickness in comparison with the walls 12 which are positioned in the intermediate area between the joint areas. However, due to the axial cross section, the joint areas are not visible.
- honeycombs For sound absorption in the interior of the turbomachine, hollow spaces, not shown, are formed between the honeycombs, which increase in size, for example, in the direction of the base body 10 .
- the base body 10 is used in each case for holding a honeycomb element 8 . It is configured to be plate-like and it closes the honeycombs on one side. Thus, the base body 10 is configured to be a nearly continuous bottom plate of the honeycomb element 8 . On the rear it has deformable securing elements 14 , 16 which are designed integrally with the base body 10 and particularly generatively.
- the deformable securing elements 14 , 16 are pin-like elements, such as, rivets and particularly hollow rivets, extending in a radial direction.
- adjacent base bodies 10 form a lap joint.
- the base bodies 10 each have a lateral section that is offset in a radial direction with respect to the respective adjacent base body.
- the support 6 comprises a front ring 18 , viewed in the direction of flow, and a rear ring 20 .
- the rings 18 , 20 grip around the rotor hub and they are segmented to simplify the installation.
- the rings 18 , 20 are U-shaped metal plate profiles which each comprising a web 22 , 24 , an inner flange 26 , 28 , and an outer flange 30 , 32 .
- the webs 22 , 24 are used for connecting the rings 18 , 20 to the stator section 2 and for this purpose they have a radial course corresponding to the stator section 2 .
- the latter are connected by means of a sliding seat to the stator section 2 .
- a mounting element such as an axial bolt 34
- bolt which is guided through a bore 36 which extends in alignment through the webs 22 , 24 and the stator section 2 .
- the inner flanges 26 , 28 are used for connecting the sealing segments 4 . They extend in the axial direction and they each comprise integral holding fixtures 38 , 40 making it possible to pass the deformable securing elements 14 , 16 through.
- the holding fixtures 38 , 40 are through-holes designed complementarily to the rivets 14 , 16 .
- the outer flanges 30 , 32 are used to stabilize the rings 18 , 20 . They extend parallel to the inner flanges 26 , 28 and are thus oriented in the axial direction.
- the securing elements 14 , 16 are guided in a radial direction through the holding fixtures 38 , 40 , and are then reshaped in the head area 42 , 44 by means of a riveting process.
- the sealing segments 4 are attached with friction-locking and positive-locking connection to the support 6 .
- the rivet or pin heads 42 , 44 are removed, and the sealing segments 4 can be removed individually in a radial direction from the support 6 .
- FIG. 2 an alternative embodiment of the sealing arrangement 1 according to the invention is shown.
- this embodiment example comprises dimensionally stable securing elements 46 , as a replacement for several of the deformable securing elements 14 , 16 .
- the dimensionally stable securing elements 46 are hook segments which extend laterally on one of the inner flanges 26 , 28 and which grip around a honeycomb-free marginal section 48 of the respective base body 10 . It is preferable for the dimensionally stable securing elements 46 to be arranged upstream of the deformable securing elements 14 , 16 , and thus in the area of the front ring 18 , on the higher-pressure side of the stator section 2 .
- the base body 10 , the honeycomb elements 8 as well as the securing elements 14 , 16 , 46 are produced integrally and in particular generatively as one component.
- the shape and the wall thickness or wall thickness distribution, the wall porosity as well as the design of the hollow spaces are adapted individually to the different general conditions, such as, the running-in properties, sealing effect, noise reduction and the like.
- Selective laser melting or laser sintering is a preferred generative method.
- a sealing arrangement for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator with a plurality of sealing segments which each comprising a honeycomb element and a base body for holding the honeycomb element, and with at least one support for the arrangement of the sealing segments on a rotor section or stator section, wherein the base bodies can be arranged on the at least one support by a radial movement or by a plastic deformation of at least one body section, a generative method for the integral production of the sealing segments, and a turbomachine are disclosed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application claims benefit of German Patent Application No. 102012201050.5, filed Jan. 25, 2012, entitled Dichtungsanordnung, Verfahren sowie Strömungsmaschine, the specification of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
- The invention relates to a seal assembly or sealing arrangement for use in turbomachines, to a method for producing a sealing segment, as well as to a turbomachine.
- Sealing arrangements, also known as seal assemblies, are used on a regular basis in turbomachines, such as, airplane engines, for sealing a radial gap between rotating engine components and stationary engine components. They permit a damage-free running-in of blade tips, sealing webs and the like, and they result in a reduction of leakage streams.
- Known sealing arrangements comprise a plurality of sealing segments each consisting of a honeycomb element and a base body for accommodating or holding the honeycomb element. The base body can be an integral body section of an engine component, such as, an outer shrouding band of a rotor blade, or an individual component which is mounted on a rotor- or stator-side supporting section, such as, for example, a radial collar of a rotor hub, opposite a stator blade.
- The honeycomb element and the base body are usually produced separately from each other and are subsequently connected to each other by high-temperature soldering in a vacuum. The base body is often a solid body which is produced preferably from a high temperature resistant nickel alloy. The honeycomb element usually consists of a plurality of reshaped metal plates that are interconnected to form honeycombs. The separate production of the honeycomb element and of the base body simplifies their formation; however, during the soldering process a distortion of the honeycombs can occur, so that their diameter has to be machine finished, for example, by regrinding. The regrinding is particularly expensive if the base body is an integral body section, such as, an outer shrouding band of a stator blade or a rotor blade, since the clamping and handling of the stator blade is complicated. In addition, the replacement of individual sealing segments is expensive due to the material lock connection. If the base body is mounted on a supporting section, this usually occurs via a sliding engagement in the peripheral direction, as a result of which, when one of the sealing segments is replaced, several sealing segments have to be disassembled from the supporting sections. The metal plate reshaping in addition limits the freedom of design of the sealing segments and that of the sealing arrangement, and as a result construction related compromises have to be made. Moreover, the construction related compromises have a disadvantageous effect on their sealing effect and on the weight of the sealing segments. In addition, the construction of the sealing segments is determined by the connection of the honeycomb element to the base body.
- From the
German Patent DE 10 259 963 B4, a honeycomb seal is known, whose sealing segments are produced in a single piece by powder metallurgical injection molding. This method allows a flexible freedom of design to the greatest extent possible but the injection molding requires a relatively high expenditure for technical equipment. - A need therefore exists, for a sealing arrangement that eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages and is easy to assemble and disassemble. Moreover, a need also exists for a method for the simplified production of a sealing segment as well as an efficient turbomachine.
- The aforementioned needs are addressed by a sealing arrangement as described and claimed herein, by a method as described and claimed herein, as well as by a turbomachine as described and claimed herein.
- The sealing arrangement according to the invention for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator has a plurality of sealing segments each comprising a honeycomb element and a base body for holding the honeycomb element. According to the invention, the base bodies comprise rear, plastically deformable, securing elements. In addition, according to the invention, at least one support is provided to connect the base body to a rotor section or a stator section, which comprises holding fixtures for holding the securing elements.
- The solution according to the invention allows a simple installation and removal of the sealing arrangement, since the sealing segments can be attached rapidly to the at least one support, by plastic deformation of the securing elements. Each sealing segment can be attached separately in position, wherein, during the removal of an adjacent sealing segment, its position is not changed. This makes it possible to dispense with the known sliding engagement, for example, as a result of which the sealing segments can be removed individually. A removal of the sealing segments that are adjacent in the peripheral direction is not necessary. Because the securing elements are arranged on the rear of the base body, damage to the honeycomb element during the installation or removal of the sealing segments is prevented. Because the sealing segments are produced separately from the at least one support, they can be connected to the support in the final processed state.
- The installation of the sealing arrangement is particularly simple, if the deformable securing elements are configured as pin-like elements, such as rivets, extending in the radial direction of the sealing arrangement, and permitting a positive-locking and friction-locking connection of the base body or of the sealing segments to the at least one support. To simplify the plastic deformation and reduce the weight, it is advantageous if the rivets are hollow rivets.
- The installation can be simplified further, if the base bodies and/or the at least one support comprise(s) dimensionally stable securing elements. The dimensionally stable securing elements permit a positive connection and they require no deformation steps. They are particularly advantageous if they replace several of the deformable securing elements, because this results in fewer securing elements having to be deformed. For example, the dimensionally stable securing elements are hook sections that are formed laterally on the base bodies or the at least one support, and that grip, in the installed state of the sealing elements, laterally around the at least one support or the base bodies.
- To improve the sealing effect between sealing segments that are adjacent in the peripheral direction, the base bodies can form, on their lateral joint areas, in each case a lap joint.
- In order to prevent damage to the honeycomb elements in the joint areas, the honeycomb walls can have a greater wall thickness than in intermediate areas. For example, the wall thicknesses in the joint areas are doubled in comparison with the wall thicknesses in the intermediate areas.
- To reduce noise in the interior of the turbomachine, it is advantageous if the honeycomb elements comprise hollow spaces. A high level of sound absorption can be achieved particularly if said hollow spaces open in the direction of the base bodies.
- In an embodiment example, the support comprises a front ring, viewed in the direction of flow, and a rear ring, each having a web for mounting on both sides to the rotor section or the stator section, and each having a flange for the formation of the holding fixtures and/or of the dimensionally stable securing elements. The support permits compensation for component and installation tolerances. In addition, this embodiment example makes it possible to compensate for various heat expansions of the sealing segments and of the rotor section or of the stator section.
- To prevent thermal stresses within the sealing arrangement, and between the rotor section and the stator section, the support can be mounted by means of a sliding seat on the rotor section or the stator section.
- In an alternative embodiment example, each outer shrouding band of a blade is a support. Depending on the type of blade, rotor blade or stator blade, this blade represents the rotor section or the stator section. Consequently, an individual attachment of the support to the rotor section or the stator section is dispensed with.
- In order to prevent flow turbulence in the flow channel, particularly in the alternative embodiment example, the supports or outer shrouding bands, on a cladding delimiting the flow channel (i.e., on a flow channel bounding wall), can comprise, in the area of the holding fixtures, recesses in order to level the securing element sections protruding through the supports or shrouding bands.
- It is preferable that the honeycomb elements are formed generatively with the base body. As a result, the sealing segments can be designed nearly freely, and subsequent joining work, such as the soldering of the honeycomb elements to the base bodies, is dispensed with, which makes it possible, in particular, to avoid component distortion, and a reworking is dispensed with. The securing elements are preferably also produced generatively with the base body; however, they can also be connected by a material-locking (i.e., cohesive) connection to the base body, after the production.
- In a preferred method for producing a sealing segment according to the invention for a sealing arrangement, each comprising a honeycomb element, a base body, and securing elements for securing to a support, the base body, the honeycomb element, and the attachment elements are produced generatively.
- The generative production allows an optimal, because nearly free, design of the sealing segments and particularly of the honeycomb elements with regard to the running-in behavior, the sealing effect, the wall thicknesses or wall thickness distribution, the wall porosity, the hollow spaces for sound absorption, and the like. For example, elongate honeycombs, honeycombs having the same wall thickness on all sides, round columns and the like can be formed. Thus, the sealing segment can be optimized in terms of function and structure, which results not only in an optimized sealing effect and noise emission, but also in a lower weight. A soldering process for securing the honeycomb elements to the base bodies is not necessary, so that the sealing segment can be tailor-made without subsequent grinding procedures. Because the securing elements are integral components of the sealing segments, they do not have to be first mounted or introduced during the installation, which further simplifies the installation of the sealing arrangement.
- A preferred turbomachine has at least one sealing arrangement according to the invention. Such a turbomachine is characterized by an improved sealing effect and thus by a high level of efficiency. In addition, noise in the interior of the turbomachine is reduced, due to the improved sound absorption.
- Other advantageous embodiment examples of the invention are the subject matter of additional dependent claims.
- Preferred embodiment examples of the invention are explained in greater detail below, in reference to diagrammatic representations.
-
FIG. 1 shows an axial section through a first embodiment of a sealing arrangement according to the invention, and -
FIG. 2 shows an axial cross section through a second embodiment example of the sealing arrangement according to the invention. - In
FIG. 1 , a cross section is shown, in the direction of flow, through a first embodiment example of a sealing arrangement 1 according to the invention for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator. In this embodiment example, the sealing arrangement 1 is connected to astator section 2 and comprises a plurality of sealing segments 4 as well as a support 6. Thestator section 2 can in principle be a housing section, a section of a stator blade, a section of a blade support and the like. For example, the sealing arrangement 1 is arranged in the area of a low-pressure turbine of an airplane engine. - The sealing segments 4 are arranged in each case next to each other in the peripheral direction on the support 6, and they form a closed or nearly closed sealing segment ring which surrounds a rotor hub. They each have a honeycomb element 8 and a
base body 10. - The honeycomb element 8 comprises a plurality of honeycombs which are separated from each other by means of
individual walls 12. The honeycombs and thewalls 12 each have a cross section and a radial height or a length which depend on general conditions, such as, the running-in properties, the sealing effect and the installation position. In particular, the honeycombs andwalls 12 can also have different cross sections and, as shown inFIG. 1 , different heights in sections. Thewalls 12 in addition have an individually set porosity. - To prevent damage to the honeycomb elements 8 due to lateral contacts with the respective adjacent honeycomb element, in their lateral joint areas, the
walls 12 preferably have a reinforced wall thickness in comparison with thewalls 12 which are positioned in the intermediate area between the joint areas. However, due to the axial cross section, the joint areas are not visible. - For sound absorption in the interior of the turbomachine, hollow spaces, not shown, are formed between the honeycombs, which increase in size, for example, in the direction of the
base body 10. - The
base body 10 is used in each case for holding a honeycomb element 8. It is configured to be plate-like and it closes the honeycombs on one side. Thus, thebase body 10 is configured to be a nearly continuous bottom plate of the honeycomb element 8. On the rear it hasdeformable securing elements base body 10 and particularly generatively. Advantageously, thedeformable securing elements - To improve the sealing effect in the lateral joint areas,
adjacent base bodies 10 form a lap joint. For this purpose, thebase bodies 10 each have a lateral section that is offset in a radial direction with respect to the respective adjacent base body. - The support 6 comprises a
front ring 18, viewed in the direction of flow, and arear ring 20. Therings rings web inner flange 26, 28, and anouter flange - The
webs rings stator section 2 and for this purpose they have a radial course corresponding to thestator section 2. To compensate for different heat expansions of thestator section 2 and of therings stator section 2. To form the sliding seat, in each case a mounting element, such as anaxial bolt 34, is provided at regular intervals in the peripheral direction, bolt which is guided through abore 36 which extends in alignment through thewebs stator section 2. - The
inner flanges 26, 28 are used for connecting the sealing segments 4. They extend in the axial direction and they each comprise integral holding fixtures 38, 40 making it possible to pass thedeformable securing elements rivets - The
outer flanges rings inner flanges 26, 28 and are thus oriented in the axial direction. - At the time of the installation, the securing
elements head area 42, 44 by means of a riveting process. As a result of the riveting process, the sealing segments 4 are attached with friction-locking and positive-locking connection to the support 6. - During the disassembly, the rivet or pin heads 42, 44 are removed, and the sealing segments 4 can be removed individually in a radial direction from the support 6.
- In
FIG. 2 , an alternative embodiment of the sealing arrangement 1 according to the invention is shown. In contrast to the first embodiment example according toFIG. 1 , this embodiment example comprises dimensionallystable securing elements 46, as a replacement for several of thedeformable securing elements stable securing elements 46 are hook segments which extend laterally on one of theinner flanges 26, 28 and which grip around a honeycomb-freemarginal section 48 of therespective base body 10. It is preferable for the dimensionallystable securing elements 46 to be arranged upstream of thedeformable securing elements front ring 18, on the higher-pressure side of thestator section 2. - In the method according to the invention for producing the sealing segments 4, the
base body 10, the honeycomb elements 8 as well as the securingelements - Thus, a sealing arrangement for a turbomachine for sealing a radial gap between a rotor and a stator, with a plurality of sealing segments which each comprising a honeycomb element and a base body for holding the honeycomb element, and with at least one support for the arrangement of the sealing segments on a rotor section or stator section, wherein the base bodies can be arranged on the at least one support by a radial movement or by a plastic deformation of at least one body section, a generative method for the integral production of the sealing segments, and a turbomachine are disclosed.
-
- 1 Sealing arrangement
- 2 Stator section
- 4 Sealing segment
- 6 Support
- 8 Honeycomb element
- 10 Base body
- 12 Wall
- 14 Deformable securing element
- 16 Deformable securing element
- 18 Front ring
- 20 Rear ring
- 22 Web
- 24 Web
- 26 Inner flange
- 28 Inner flange
- 30 Outer flange
- 32 Outer flange
- 34 Axial bolt
- 36 Bore
- 38 Holding fixture
- 40 Holding fixture
- 42 Head area/rivet head
- 44 Head area/rivet head
- 48 Dimensionally stable securing element
- 48 Marginal section
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012201050.5 | 2012-01-25 | ||
DE102012201050 | 2012-01-25 | ||
DE102012201050.5A DE102012201050B4 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2012-01-25 | Sealing arrangement, method and turbomachine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130189086A1 true US20130189086A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
US9382809B2 US9382809B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
Family
ID=47683529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/749,093 Active 2035-02-13 US9382809B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2013-01-24 | Seal assembly, method and turbomachine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9382809B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2620598A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012201050B4 (en) |
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EP3147049A1 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-03-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Duct with additive manufactured seal and related method |
US20180065185A1 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-08 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Method of attaching a projection to a thin walled component |
US20180347384A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Sealing system with welded-on sealing plate, turbomachine, and manufacturing method |
US10487677B2 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-11-26 | General Electric Company | Turbine component having a seal slot and additive manufacturing process for making same |
US10843434B2 (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2020-11-24 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Core material for composite structures |
US10865651B2 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-12-15 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Sealing assembly for a fluid kinetic machine, method for producing a sealing assembly as well as fluid kinetic machine |
US11548627B2 (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2023-01-10 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Core matertal for balanced rotor blade |
US20240026797A1 (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2024-01-25 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Turbine stator assembly |
US11982188B2 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2024-05-14 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Turbomachine rotary assembly comprising an annular clamping part |
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DE102014208801A1 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-12 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Seal, method for producing a seal and turbomachine |
EP3228827B1 (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2021-03-03 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Seal carrier for a turbomachine, corresponding gas turbine engine and method of manufacturing |
EP3290642A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ring segment for a turbine and assembly for external limiting of a flow path of a turbine |
US9816388B1 (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-11-14 | General Electric Company | Seal in a gas turbine engine having a shim base and a honeycomb structure with a number of cavities formed therein |
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DE102017213399A1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for producing a sealing element for sealing a flow path in a gas turbine, sealing element and gas turbine |
DE102018201295A1 (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-01 | MTU Aero Engines AG | MODULE FOR A FLOW MACHINE |
DE102022124401A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | MTU Aero Engines AG | MODULE FOR A FLOW MACHINE |
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US20180347384A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-06 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Sealing system with welded-on sealing plate, turbomachine, and manufacturing method |
US10865651B2 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2020-12-15 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Sealing assembly for a fluid kinetic machine, method for producing a sealing assembly as well as fluid kinetic machine |
US11982188B2 (en) | 2020-03-19 | 2024-05-14 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Turbomachine rotary assembly comprising an annular clamping part |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2620598A2 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
DE102012201050A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
EP2620598A3 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
US9382809B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
DE102012201050B4 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
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