US20130094322A1 - Apparatus and method for processing of a food, and in particular for the processing of dough - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for processing of a food, and in particular for the processing of dough Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130094322A1 US20130094322A1 US13/624,782 US201213624782A US2013094322A1 US 20130094322 A1 US20130094322 A1 US 20130094322A1 US 201213624782 A US201213624782 A US 201213624782A US 2013094322 A1 US2013094322 A1 US 2013094322A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conveyor
- shaft
- kneading
- foodstuff
- chamber
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
- A21C1/00—Mixing or kneading machines for the preparation of dough
- A21C1/06—Mixing or kneading machines for the preparation of dough with horizontally-mounted mixing or kneading tools; Worm or screw mixers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21C—MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT FOR MAKING OR PROCESSING DOUGHS; HANDLING BAKED ARTICLES MADE FROM DOUGH
- A21C1/00—Mixing or kneading machines for the preparation of dough
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C5/00—Apparatus for mixing meat, sausage-meat, or meat products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
- B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
- B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
- B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
- B01F27/707—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms the paddles co-operating, e.g. intermeshing, with elements on the receptacle wall
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
- B01F2101/08—Mixing of dough
Definitions
- Apparatuses are used for the automated production and processing of dough items and also in other regions in the foodstuffs industry where, for example, sausage meat is processed.
- automated installations are wide-spread, especially on an industrial scale, in which the foodstuffs (also referred to as product) are processed in closed systems to give a finished product, starting from intermediate products or starting ingredients.
- Known apparatuses for processing dough have a closed conveyor path, within which there is a conveyor device for receiving and conveying the foodstuff.
- the conveyor device used is not exclusively, but predominantly, volume conveyors.
- Foodstuffs, such as dough items are circulated in the volume chambers of the volume conveyors during the conveying process and, in that way, are subjected to alternating shearing loads.
- Those shearing loads cause damage to the structure of the foodstuff to be processed, which results in a non-homogeneous foodstuff structural configuration.
- the non-homogeneities have the effect of fluctuating the quality of the foodstuff and, in part, creating an unsatisfactory product.
- the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method which achieve an increase in product quality with a level of economy that remains the same as much as possible.
- the object of the invention is attained by an apparatus comprising a foodstuff inlet, a foodstuff outlet, a closed conveyor path extending between the inlet and the outlet, and a conveyor device.
- the conveyor device is adapted to receive the foodstuff fed by the foodstuff inlet and to convey the foodstuff in the conveyor path in the direction of the foodstuff outlet.
- a treatment chamber is arranged in the conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device for receiving and post-treating the foodstuff, preferably directly adjacent to the conveyor device, and within which a kneading means is rotationally drivably arranged
- the kneading means is adapted to fold, stretch and collide the foodstuff in the treatment chamber.
- colliding is used to mean bringing or pressing together parts of the foodstuff, which have been previously displaced by means of folding and/or stretching with the same and/or other parts of the foodstuff.
- the invention is based on the realization that the homogeneity of the foodstuff following conveyance by means of a volume conveyor can be improved by the foodstuff being kneaded as gently and carefully as possible.
- the mechanisms of folding, stretching and colliding provide that the foodstuff structure is homogenized and, for example, in the case of dough items, the dough development is advantageously promoted.
- gluten network formation is promoted because of the folding, stretching and colliding effects.
- the advantage of this invention is that it provides a treatment chamber within the closed conveyor path.
- the kneading means has a kneading shaft and one or more kneading elements arranged on the kneading shaft.
- the kneading means has one or more holding elements, preferably in the form of a hook, a bar and/or stripper, which are arranged immovably in the treatment chamber.
- the holding means are adapted to prevent the entire foodstuff from also rotating with the kneading means.
- the kneading means has a second kneading shaft and one or more kneading elements arranged on the second kneading shaft.
- the second kneading shaft and the first kneading shaft are arranged parallel to each other and are drivable synchronously with each other.
- the first and second kneading shaft are drivable in such a way that the kneading elements of the first kneading shaft and the kneading elements of the second kneading shaft rotate in opposite of each other and in a mutually interengaging relationship.
- the kneading elements of the first and/or second kneading shaft are replaceable individually or in sets. Further preferably, there are various sets of kneading elements, which involve different geometries and thus different displacement characteristics. Having regard to the respective nature of the conveyed foodstuff that is to be post-treated, it is possible to use kneading elements which are especially adapted to the viscosity of the foodstuff.
- the treatment chamber has a chamber inlet, a chamber outlet, and a central axis extending from the inlet to the outlet
- the first kneading shaft and/or the second kneading shaft of the kneading means is oriented parallel to the central axis, so that the foodstuff is conveyed substantially in the direction of the central axis on the closed conveyor path of the apparatus from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet in the treatment chamber.
- the conveyor device is a vane cell pump, a gear pump, or a rotary piston pump.
- the apparatus has a conveyor device which has a screw pump having a conveyor chamber, a conveyor chamber inlet, a conveyor chamber outlet, a first conveyor shaft, and a conveyor screw mounted thereon that extends between the inlet and the outlet.
- a particularly preferred apparatus of the present invention has a conveyor device which has a double-spindle pump having a conveyor chamber, a conveyor chamber inlet, a conveyor chamber outlet, a first conveyor shaft, a second conveyor shaft, and a respective conveyor screw mounted on the first or second conveyor shaft that extends between the inlet and the outlet.
- an outlet-side portion of the conveyor screw or the conveyor spindles is of a reduced pitch relative to an adjacent portion (which is further spaced from the outlet).
- the reduced pitch in the outlet-side portion of the conveyor screw or the conveyor spindles provides for compacting of the foodstuff.
- the chamber portions in that portion convey in each revolution a smaller volume than the portions arranged upstream thereof. That gives the particular advantage that the conveyor device acts at the same time as a portioning unit.
- portioning is used herein to mean that the portioning unit is adapted to achieve complete filling of the conveyor path and a homogeneous mass flow with respect to the foodstuff being conveyed.
- a portioning unit in the present sense is not to be interpreted as a device for individually separating parts of the foodstuff being conveyed, but for producing ‘synchronism’ of the foodstuff. Synchronism is produced in such a way that in the devices following the portioning unit, in each interval being considered (for example, in each pump revolution or each unit of time), there is always exactly the same amount of foodstuff that passes in and out of the portioning unit.
- the first kneading shaft of the kneading means is oriented coaxially with the first conveyor shaft of the conveyor device.
- the first kneading shaft is preferably connected to the first conveyor shaft in a force-transmitting relationship.
- the first kneading shaft is coaxially and rigidly connected to the first conveyor shaft so that a single drive simultaneously drives the conveyor shaft and the kneading shaft. That provides for minimizing the structural space and the drive means.
- that means that the treatment chamber can be moved as closely as possible to the conveyor chamber of the conveyor device.
- the conveyor chamber and the treatment chamber are in the form of a continuous chamber.
- the second kneading shaft of the kneading means is also oriented coaxially with the second conveyor shaft of the conveyor device.
- the second kneading shaft is also connected to the second conveyor shaft of the conveyor device in force-transmitting relationship.
- the particularly preferred and simple configuration whereby the second kneading shaft is rigidly connected to the second conveyor shaft equally applies.
- the portioning unit is arranged in the conveyor path upstream of the treatment chamber. That provides for homogenized filling of the treatment chamber and, thus, improves the constancy of the product quality delivered by the foodstuff outlet from the apparatus.
- the object of the invention is also attained by the steps of introducing a foodstuff into a conveyor device by means of a foodstuff inlet, conveying the foodstuff in a closed conveyor path in the direction of a foodstuff outlet, receiving the foodstuff in a treatment chamber arranged in the conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device, and post-treating the foodstuff in the treatment chamber by means of rotationally driving a kneading means.
- the foodstuff is folded, stretched and collided by means of the kneading means. That gives the same advantages which have already been described in relation to the apparatus according to the invention. Accordingly, attention is directed to the foregoing description.
- the method of the invention further preferably includes: preventing the entire foodstuff from also rotating with the kneading means by means of holding elements, preferably in the form of a hook, a bar and/or a stripper, in the treatment chamber.
- the method of the invention includes synchronously driving a first kneading shaft and a second kneading shaft of the kneading means in such a way that kneading elements of the first kneading shaft and kneading elements of the second kneading shaft rotate in opposite relationship and in a mutually interengaging relationship.
- the method includes the step of portioning the conveyed foodstuff by means of the conveyor device, which has an outlet-side portion of a conveyor screw or two conveyor spindles with a pitch reduced relative to an adjacent portion.
- the foodstuff may also be portioned by means of a portioning unit downstream of the conveyor device in the conveyor path.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view, applicable generally to all embodiments, of an apparatus according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of a part of the apparatus in the first or second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a projection of the side view of FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 9 is a projection of the side views of FIGS. 6 and 7 .
- the diagrammatic view shown in FIG. 1 of an apparatus according to the invention for processing a foodstuff, in particular for processing dough, also represents in its structure, in principle, the apparatuses of the individual embodiments described hereinafter.
- the apparatus 1 has a foodstuff inlet 3 opening into a conveyor device 7 .
- the apparatus 1 further has a foodstuff outlet 5 adapted to deliver the processed foodstuff out of the apparatus 1 .
- a conveyor path extends between the foodstuff inlet 3 and the foodstuff outlet 5 . Part of the conveyor path is the conveyor device 7 .
- conveyor means 18 Arranged within the conveyor device 7 are conveyor means 18 , which convey the foodstuff from the foodstuff inlet 3 in the direction of the foodstuff outlet 5 within the conveyor path which is of a closed configuration.
- a treatment chamber 21 Arranged after the conveyor device 7 (downstream thereof) is a treatment chamber 21 .
- the treatment chamber 21 is optionally continuous with the conveyor device 7 or is in the form of a separate chamber.
- a kneading means 22 Disposed within the treatment chamber 21 is a kneading means 22 , which is rotationally drivable and is adapted to fold, stretch and collide the foodstuff in the treatment chamber 21 .
- the conveyor means 18 are optionally of differing configurations, which are also described hereinafter with reference to the various embodiments by way of example.
- the apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 has a main body 4 having a housing equipped with feet points 6 for erection at the location of operation.
- FIG. 2 The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the other embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 through 6 have structural similarities. Therefore identical elements are denoted by the same references.
- the conveyor device 7 of the apparatus 1 is drivable by a transmission 9 and a motor 11 .
- the transmission 9 is adapted to synchronously drive a first conveyor shaft 13 and a second conveyor shaft 15 in mutually opposite relationship.
- a first conveyor spindle 17 is arranged on the first conveyor shaft 13 within the conveyor device 7 while a second conveyor spindle 19 is arranged on the second conveyor shaft 15 .
- the kneading means 22 is rotationally drivably arranged in the treatment chamber 21 .
- the kneading means 22 in FIG. 2 , has a first kneading shaft 23 and a second kneading shaft 25 .
- a plurality of first kneading elements 27 are arranged on the first kneading shaft 23 .
- a plurality of second kneading elements 29 are arranged on the second kneading shaft 25 .
- the first kneading shaft 23 and the second kneading shaft 25 are arranged parallel to a central axis 31 .
- the foodstuff is introduced into the conveyor device 7 by means of the foodstuff inlet 3 for processing the foodstuff.
- the introduced foodstuff is conveyed in the closed conveyor path by the conveyor device 7 in the direction of the foodstuff outlet 5 .
- the foodstuff is received in the treatment chamber 21 arranged downstream of the conveyor device 7 .
- the foodstuff is folded, stretched and collided by means of rotational driving of the kneading means 22 , such as the first kneading shaft 23 and the second kneading shaft 25 , thus providing for homogenization of the foodstuff.
- the homogenized foodstuff is then conveyed in the direction of the foodstuff outlet 5 and finally out of the foodstuff outlet 5 and discharged.
- first kneading shaft 23 and the second kneading shaft 25 are driven in such a way that the kneading elements 27 of the first kneading shaft 23 and the second kneading elements 29 of the second kneading shaft 25 rotate in opposite and mutually interengaging relationship.
- the conveyor device 7 is preferably of a configuration in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 through 8 .
- the apparatus 1 differs from the structure shown in FIG. 2 in that a portioning unit 35 is arranged downstream of the treatment chamber 21 .
- the foodstuff homogenized in the treatment chamber 21 is introduced into the portioning unit 35 and discharged therefrom in the direction of the foodstuff outlet 5 .
- FIG. 3 embodiment is particularly advantageous for installations in which a conveyor device 7 with conveyor means is in the form of a double-spindle pump, the double-spindle pump having a constant spindle pitch.
- the embodiment of the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3 in that the treatment chamber 21 is arranged downstream of the conveyor device 7 , but not arranged immediately adjoining it.
- a unit with conveyor means in the form of a vane cell pump 37 is provided as the conveyor device 7 .
- a screw pump (not shown), or another volume conveyor, can be connected upstream, which is adapted to completely fill the chamber elements of the vane cell pump and successively the entire closed conveyor path.
- the vane cell pump 37 has an outlet 41 connected by means of a line 45 to an inlet 43 of the treatment chamber 21 .
- the kneading means 22 with a kneading shaft 23 is arranged in the treatment chamber 21 .
- the kneading shaft 23 is coaxial with the central axis 31 .
- the kneading means 22 in FIG. 4 is driven by a dedicated second drive 39 .
- the second drive 39 and the first drive (not shown) of the vane cell pump 37 are optionally synchronously drivable by means of an electronic control circuit.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is in more general terms in comparison with FIG. 4 .
- the apparatus 1 of FIG. 5 has a conveyor device 7 in the form of a volume conveyor, a gear pump, a vane cell pump or a rotary piston pump.
- the conveyor device 7 is connected to the portioning unit 35 by means of a line 49 .
- the FIG. 6 embodiment differs from the FIG. 5 embodiment in that the portioning unit 35 is not arranged upstream of the treatment chamber 31 but both downstream of the conveyor device 7 and also the treatment chamber 21 .
- the conveyor device 7 is connected to the treatment chamber 21 by means of a line 51 and the treatment chamber 21 is connected to the portioning unit 35 by means of a line 53 .
- FIGS. 7 through 9 show the first conveyor shaft 13 and the second conveyor shaft 15 arranged parallel to each other and to the central axis 31 .
- First and a second conveyor spindles 17 , 19 are respectively arranged on the first and second conveyor shafts 13 , 15 .
- the conveyor spindles 17 , 19 in the direction of the conveyor path (in the normal installation condition of the apparatus 1 ), have an outlet-side portion 55 .
- the spindle pitch is reduced in the outlet-side portion 55 relative to an adjacent portion 57 of the conveyor spindles 17 , 19 .
- a set of the first kneading elements 27 is connected on its kneading shaft 23 in a torque-fixed relationship to the first conveyor shaft 13 and arranged coaxially with the first conveyor spindle 17 .
- the first kneading shaft 23 is driven jointly with the first conveyor shaft 13 .
- the second kneading elements 29 are arranged on a second kneading shaft 25 connected in a torque-fixed relationship to the second conveyor shaft 15 .
- the second kneading shaft 15 is arranged coaxially to the second conveyor shaft 15 and is driven jointly therewith.
- a coupling, is indicated by reference 59 , in FIG. 6 is the connecting location between a kneading shaft 23 , 25 and the first or second conveyor shaft 13 , 15 respectively associated therewith.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show the interengaging arrangement of the first kneading elements 27 and the second kneading elements 29 .
- the axes of the conveyor shaft 13 and the kneading shaft 23 , on the one hand, and the conveyor shaft 15 and the kneading shaft 25 , on the other hand, are preferably at an equal spacing relative to the central axis 31 .
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus and method for processing a foodstuff comprises a closed conveyor path, a conveyor device, and a treatment chamber. The conveyor path includes an inlet and an outlet. The conveyor device is positioned within the closed conveyor path and configured to receive the foodstuff from the inlet. The conveyor device is further configured to convey the foodstuff along the closed conveyor path toward the outlet. The treatment chamber is positioned within the closed conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device for receiving the foodstuff from the conveyor device. The treatment chamber includes a rotatably driven first kneading shaft configured to collide the foodstuff within the treatment chamber.
Description
- The invention concerns an apparatus for and method of processing a foodstuff, in particular for processing dough.
- Apparatuses are used for the automated production and processing of dough items and also in other regions in the foodstuffs industry where, for example, sausage meat is processed. In view of the high cost pressures, automated installations are wide-spread, especially on an industrial scale, in which the foodstuffs (also referred to as product) are processed in closed systems to give a finished product, starting from intermediate products or starting ingredients.
- Known apparatuses for processing dough have a closed conveyor path, within which there is a conveyor device for receiving and conveying the foodstuff. The conveyor device used is not exclusively, but predominantly, volume conveyors. Foodstuffs, such as dough items, are circulated in the volume chambers of the volume conveyors during the conveying process and, in that way, are subjected to alternating shearing loads. Those shearing loads cause damage to the structure of the foodstuff to be processed, which results in a non-homogeneous foodstuff structural configuration. The non-homogeneities have the effect of fluctuating the quality of the foodstuff and, in part, creating an unsatisfactory product.
- To counteract this disadvantage in known systems, the foodstuff delivered from the foodstuff outlet is post-treated manually or in a separate system to compensate for non-homogeneities which have occurred. That is time-consuming and costly.
- Based on the foregoing considerations, the object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method which achieve an increase in product quality with a level of economy that remains the same as much as possible.
- The object of the invention is attained by an apparatus comprising a foodstuff inlet, a foodstuff outlet, a closed conveyor path extending between the inlet and the outlet, and a conveyor device. The conveyor device is adapted to receive the foodstuff fed by the foodstuff inlet and to convey the foodstuff in the conveyor path in the direction of the foodstuff outlet. In addition, a treatment chamber is arranged in the conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device for receiving and post-treating the foodstuff, preferably directly adjacent to the conveyor device, and within which a kneading means is rotationally drivably arranged The kneading means is adapted to fold, stretch and collide the foodstuff in the treatment chamber.
- In this respect, the term colliding is used to mean bringing or pressing together parts of the foodstuff, which have been previously displaced by means of folding and/or stretching with the same and/or other parts of the foodstuff. The invention is based on the realization that the homogeneity of the foodstuff following conveyance by means of a volume conveyor can be improved by the foodstuff being kneaded as gently and carefully as possible. In that respect, the mechanisms of folding, stretching and colliding provide that the foodstuff structure is homogenized and, for example, in the case of dough items, the dough development is advantageously promoted. In that respect, gluten network formation is promoted because of the folding, stretching and colliding effects. The advantage of this invention is that it provides a treatment chamber within the closed conveyor path. The foodstuff automatically passes through the treatment chamber following conveyance by the conveyor device in the direction of the foodstuff outlet of the apparatus. This permits the post-treatment operation to be implemented in a treatment chamber and in a space-saving configuration. Furthermore, the additional apparatus expenditure that would otherwise have been necessary on external treatment units with kneading means is avoided.
- Preferably, the kneading means has a kneading shaft and one or more kneading elements arranged on the kneading shaft.
- Further preferably, the kneading means has one or more holding elements, preferably in the form of a hook, a bar and/or stripper, which are arranged immovably in the treatment chamber. The holding means are adapted to prevent the entire foodstuff from also rotating with the kneading means.
- In a further preferred embodiment, the kneading means has a second kneading shaft and one or more kneading elements arranged on the second kneading shaft.
- Preferably, the second kneading shaft and the first kneading shaft are arranged parallel to each other and are drivable synchronously with each other. The first and second kneading shaft are drivable in such a way that the kneading elements of the first kneading shaft and the kneading elements of the second kneading shaft rotate in opposite of each other and in a mutually interengaging relationship.
- Preferably, the kneading elements of the first and/or second kneading shaft are replaceable individually or in sets. Further preferably, there are various sets of kneading elements, which involve different geometries and thus different displacement characteristics. Having regard to the respective nature of the conveyed foodstuff that is to be post-treated, it is possible to use kneading elements which are especially adapted to the viscosity of the foodstuff.
- In a further advantageous embodiment, the treatment chamber has a chamber inlet, a chamber outlet, and a central axis extending from the inlet to the outlet The first kneading shaft and/or the second kneading shaft of the kneading means is oriented parallel to the central axis, so that the foodstuff is conveyed substantially in the direction of the central axis on the closed conveyor path of the apparatus from the chamber inlet to the chamber outlet in the treatment chamber. This has the advantage that the foodstuff is engaged by the kneading elements primarily transversely relative to the direction of the conveyor path. In that way, the shearing occurring in the foodstuff is less than when it is engaged by kneading elements, which would additionally cause the foodstuff to be accelerated in the direction of the central axis or in the opposite direction thereto.
- In a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the conveyor device is a vane cell pump, a gear pump, or a rotary piston pump. Particularly preferably, the apparatus has a conveyor device which has a screw pump having a conveyor chamber, a conveyor chamber inlet, a conveyor chamber outlet, a first conveyor shaft, and a conveyor screw mounted thereon that extends between the inlet and the outlet.
- Alternatively, a particularly preferred apparatus of the present invention has a conveyor device which has a double-spindle pump having a conveyor chamber, a conveyor chamber inlet, a conveyor chamber outlet, a first conveyor shaft, a second conveyor shaft, and a respective conveyor screw mounted on the first or second conveyor shaft that extends between the inlet and the outlet.
- An advantageous development of the apparatus according to the invention provides that an outlet-side portion of the conveyor screw or the conveyor spindles is of a reduced pitch relative to an adjacent portion (which is further spaced from the outlet). The reduced pitch in the outlet-side portion of the conveyor screw or the conveyor spindles provides for compacting of the foodstuff. The chamber portions in that portion convey in each revolution a smaller volume than the portions arranged upstream thereof. That gives the particular advantage that the conveyor device acts at the same time as a portioning unit.
- The term portioning is used herein to mean that the portioning unit is adapted to achieve complete filling of the conveyor path and a homogeneous mass flow with respect to the foodstuff being conveyed. A portioning unit in the present sense is not to be interpreted as a device for individually separating parts of the foodstuff being conveyed, but for producing ‘synchronism’ of the foodstuff. Synchronism is produced in such a way that in the devices following the portioning unit, in each interval being considered (for example, in each pump revolution or each unit of time), there is always exactly the same amount of foodstuff that passes in and out of the portioning unit.
- A particularly advantageous development of the apparatus of the invention provides that the first kneading shaft of the kneading means is oriented coaxially with the first conveyor shaft of the conveyor device. The first kneading shaft is preferably connected to the first conveyor shaft in a force-transmitting relationship. In a simple and particularly advantageous configuration, the first kneading shaft is coaxially and rigidly connected to the first conveyor shaft so that a single drive simultaneously drives the conveyor shaft and the kneading shaft. That provides for minimizing the structural space and the drive means. In addition, that means that the treatment chamber can be moved as closely as possible to the conveyor chamber of the conveyor device.
- In a preferred embodiment, the conveyor chamber and the treatment chamber are in the form of a continuous chamber.
- Particularly preferably in the embodiments having a second kneading shaft (and with a conveyor device having two conveyor shafts), the second kneading shaft of the kneading means is also oriented coaxially with the second conveyor shaft of the conveyor device. Preferably, the second kneading shaft is also connected to the second conveyor shaft of the conveyor device in force-transmitting relationship. In regard to the second kneading shaft, the particularly preferred and simple configuration whereby the second kneading shaft is rigidly connected to the second conveyor shaft equally applies.
- In alternative preferred embodiments, if neither of the above-described conveyor screws or spindles with a variable pitch are used, but other preferred conveyor devices are used, it has proven to be advantageous to include in the apparatus a portioning unit arranged in the conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device.
- Further preferably, the portioning unit is arranged in the conveyor path upstream of the treatment chamber. That provides for homogenized filling of the treatment chamber and, thus, improves the constancy of the product quality delivered by the foodstuff outlet from the apparatus.
- In a method of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, the object of the invention is also attained by the steps of introducing a foodstuff into a conveyor device by means of a foodstuff inlet, conveying the foodstuff in a closed conveyor path in the direction of a foodstuff outlet, receiving the foodstuff in a treatment chamber arranged in the conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device, and post-treating the foodstuff in the treatment chamber by means of rotationally driving a kneading means. The foodstuff is folded, stretched and collided by means of the kneading means. That gives the same advantages which have already been described in relation to the apparatus according to the invention. Accordingly, attention is directed to the foregoing description.
- The method of the invention further preferably includes: preventing the entire foodstuff from also rotating with the kneading means by means of holding elements, preferably in the form of a hook, a bar and/or a stripper, in the treatment chamber.
- Further preferably, the method of the invention includes synchronously driving a first kneading shaft and a second kneading shaft of the kneading means in such a way that kneading elements of the first kneading shaft and kneading elements of the second kneading shaft rotate in opposite relationship and in a mutually interengaging relationship.
- Further preferably, the method includes the step of portioning the conveyed foodstuff by means of the conveyor device, which has an outlet-side portion of a conveyor screw or two conveyor spindles with a pitch reduced relative to an adjacent portion. The foodstuff may also be portioned by means of a portioning unit downstream of the conveyor device in the conveyor path.
- Further preferably, portioning in accordance with the method of the invention is effected upstream of the treatment chamber in the conveyor path.
- The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter by means of preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying Figures. In the drawing:
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FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view, applicable generally to all embodiments, of an apparatus according to the invention. -
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a first embodiment. -
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a second embodiment. -
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a third embodiment. -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a fourth embodiment. -
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus in a fifth embodiment. -
FIG. 7 is a side view of a part of the apparatus in the first or second embodiment. -
FIG. 8 is a projection of the side view ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 9 is a projection of the side views ofFIGS. 6 and 7 . - The diagrammatic view shown in
FIG. 1 of an apparatus according to the invention for processing a foodstuff, in particular for processing dough, also represents in its structure, in principle, the apparatuses of the individual embodiments described hereinafter. Theapparatus 1 has afoodstuff inlet 3 opening into aconveyor device 7. Theapparatus 1 further has afoodstuff outlet 5 adapted to deliver the processed foodstuff out of theapparatus 1. A conveyor path extends between thefoodstuff inlet 3 and thefoodstuff outlet 5. Part of the conveyor path is theconveyor device 7. Arranged within theconveyor device 7 are conveyor means 18, which convey the foodstuff from thefoodstuff inlet 3 in the direction of thefoodstuff outlet 5 within the conveyor path which is of a closed configuration. Arranged after the conveyor device 7 (downstream thereof) is atreatment chamber 21. Thetreatment chamber 21 is optionally continuous with theconveyor device 7 or is in the form of a separate chamber. Disposed within thetreatment chamber 21 is a kneading means 22, which is rotationally drivable and is adapted to fold, stretch and collide the foodstuff in thetreatment chamber 21. - In accordance with various preferred embodiments of the invention, the conveyor means 18 are optionally of differing configurations, which are also described hereinafter with reference to the various embodiments by way of example.
- The
apparatus 1 inFIG. 1 has a main body 4 having a housing equipped with feet points 6 for erection at the location of operation. - The embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 and the other embodiments shown inFIGS. 3 through 6 have structural similarities. Therefore identical elements are denoted by the same references. - The
conveyor device 7 of theapparatus 1, diagrammatically shown inFIG. 2 , is drivable by atransmission 9 and amotor 11. Thetransmission 9 is adapted to synchronously drive afirst conveyor shaft 13 and asecond conveyor shaft 15 in mutually opposite relationship. Afirst conveyor spindle 17 is arranged on thefirst conveyor shaft 13 within theconveyor device 7 while asecond conveyor spindle 19 is arranged on thesecond conveyor shaft 15. - The kneading means 22 is rotationally drivably arranged in the
treatment chamber 21. The kneading means 22, inFIG. 2 , has afirst kneading shaft 23 and asecond kneading shaft 25. A plurality offirst kneading elements 27 are arranged on thefirst kneading shaft 23. A plurality ofsecond kneading elements 29 are arranged on thesecond kneading shaft 25. Thefirst kneading shaft 23 and thesecond kneading shaft 25 are arranged parallel to acentral axis 31. Thefirst kneading shaft 23 in theFIG. 2 embodiment is arranged coaxially with thefirst conveyor shaft 13. Thesecond kneading shaft 25 is arranged coaxially with thesecond conveyor shaft 15. Therespective kneading shafts conveyor shafts treatment chamber 21 is preferably in the form of a separate chamber separated from aconveyor chamber 32 of theconveyor device 7 by means of achamber wall 33. Theconveyor chamber 32 also includes aconveyor chamber inlet 34 and aconveyor chamber outlet 36. In an alternative configuration, theconveyor device 7 and the kneading means 22 disposed in thetreatment chamber 21 are arranged jointly in a chamber. In such a case, the separatingwall 33 is omitted, as indicated by the broken line. - In operation of the
apparatus 1, the foodstuff is introduced into theconveyor device 7 by means of thefoodstuff inlet 3 for processing the foodstuff. The introduced foodstuff is conveyed in the closed conveyor path by theconveyor device 7 in the direction of thefoodstuff outlet 5. On its way along the closed conveyor path in the direction of thefoodstuff outlet 5, the foodstuff is received in thetreatment chamber 21 arranged downstream of theconveyor device 7. In thetreatment chamber 21, the foodstuff is folded, stretched and collided by means of rotational driving of the kneading means 22, such as thefirst kneading shaft 23 and thesecond kneading shaft 25, thus providing for homogenization of the foodstuff. The homogenized foodstuff is then conveyed in the direction of thefoodstuff outlet 5 and finally out of thefoodstuff outlet 5 and discharged. - In that case, the
first kneading shaft 23 and thesecond kneading shaft 25 are driven in such a way that the kneadingelements 27 of thefirst kneading shaft 23 and thesecond kneading elements 29 of thesecond kneading shaft 25 rotate in opposite and mutually interengaging relationship. - The
conveyor device 7, diagrammatically shown inFIG. 2 , is preferably of a configuration in accordance with the embodiment shown inFIGS. 6 through 8 . - The
apparatus 1, diagrammatically shown inFIG. 3 , in which the illustration of the transmission and the motor has been omitted, differs from the structure shown inFIG. 2 in that a portioningunit 35 is arranged downstream of thetreatment chamber 21. The foodstuff homogenized in thetreatment chamber 21 is introduced into the portioningunit 35 and discharged therefrom in the direction of thefoodstuff outlet 5. - The
FIG. 3 embodiment is particularly advantageous for installations in which aconveyor device 7 with conveyor means is in the form of a double-spindle pump, the double-spindle pump having a constant spindle pitch. - The embodiment of the apparatus shown in
FIG. 4 differs from the embodiments ofFIGS. 2 and 3 in that thetreatment chamber 21 is arranged downstream of theconveyor device 7, but not arranged immediately adjoining it. As shown inFIG. 4 , a unit with conveyor means in the form of avane cell pump 37 is provided as theconveyor device 7. Optionally, in addition to thevane cell pump 37, a screw pump (not shown), or another volume conveyor, can be connected upstream, which is adapted to completely fill the chamber elements of the vane cell pump and successively the entire closed conveyor path. - The
vane cell pump 37 has an outlet 41 connected by means of aline 45 to aninlet 43 of thetreatment chamber 21. The kneading means 22 with a kneadingshaft 23 is arranged in thetreatment chamber 21. The kneadingshaft 23 is coaxial with thecentral axis 31. The kneading means 22 inFIG. 4 is driven by a dedicatedsecond drive 39. Thesecond drive 39 and the first drive (not shown) of thevane cell pump 37 are optionally synchronously drivable by means of an electronic control circuit. -
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is in more general terms in comparison withFIG. 4 . Theapparatus 1 ofFIG. 5 has aconveyor device 7 in the form of a volume conveyor, a gear pump, a vane cell pump or a rotary piston pump. Theconveyor device 7 is connected to the portioningunit 35 by means of aline 49. - The
FIG. 6 embodiment differs from theFIG. 5 embodiment in that the portioningunit 35 is not arranged upstream of thetreatment chamber 31 but both downstream of theconveyor device 7 and also thetreatment chamber 21. Theconveyor device 7 is connected to thetreatment chamber 21 by means of aline 51 and thetreatment chamber 21 is connected to the portioningunit 35 by means of aline 53. - A part of the
apparatus 1 of the invention, in accordance with the embodiments ofFIGS. 2 and 3 , is shown in a number of side views inFIGS. 7 through 9 .FIGS. 7 through 9 show thefirst conveyor shaft 13 and thesecond conveyor shaft 15 arranged parallel to each other and to thecentral axis 31. First and asecond conveyor spindles second conveyor shafts side portion 55. The spindle pitch is reduced in the outlet-side portion 55 relative to anadjacent portion 57 of theconveyor spindles first kneading elements 27 is connected on its kneadingshaft 23 in a torque-fixed relationship to thefirst conveyor shaft 13 and arranged coaxially with thefirst conveyor spindle 17. Thefirst kneading shaft 23 is driven jointly with thefirst conveyor shaft 13. Thesecond kneading elements 29 are arranged on asecond kneading shaft 25 connected in a torque-fixed relationship to thesecond conveyor shaft 15. Thesecond kneading shaft 15 is arranged coaxially to thesecond conveyor shaft 15 and is driven jointly therewith. A coupling, is indicated byreference 59, inFIG. 6 is the connecting location between a kneadingshaft second conveyor shaft -
FIGS. 8 and 9 show the interengaging arrangement of thefirst kneading elements 27 and thesecond kneading elements 29. The axes of theconveyor shaft 13 and the kneadingshaft 23, on the one hand, and theconveyor shaft 15 and the kneadingshaft 25, on the other hand, are preferably at an equal spacing relative to thecentral axis 31.
Claims (25)
1-18. (canceled)
19. An apparatus for processing a foodstuff, comprising;
a closed conveyor path including an inlet and an outlet;
a conveyor device positioned within the closed conveyor path, the conveyor device configured to receive the foodstuff from the inlet and to convey the foodstuff along the closed conveyor path toward the outlet; and
a treatment chamber positioned within the closed conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device, the treatment chamber configured to receive the foodstuff from the conveyor device, and the treatment chamber including a rotatably driven first kneading shaft,
wherein the first kneading shaft is configured to collide the foodstuff within the treatment chamber.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the treatment chamber is positioned adjacent to the conveyor device.
21. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein at least one first kneading element is arranged on the first kneading shaft.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the first kneading shaft includes at least one holding element positioned within the treatment chamber, the at least one holding element configured to prevent the entirety of the foodstuff from rotating with the first kneading shaft.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 wherein the holding element is selected from the group consisting of a hook, a bar, and a stripper, and the holding element is arranged immovably in the treatment chamber.
24. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the treatment chamber further includes a second kneading shaft configured to collide the foodstuff within the treatment chamber.
25. The apparatus of claim 24 wherein at least one second kneading element is arranged on the second kneading shaft.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the first kneading shaft is positioned parallel to the second kneading shaft, the first and second kneading shafts configured to be synchronously driven in opposite rotatable directions such that at least a portion of the first and second kneading elements mutually interengage.
27. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the treatment chamber includes a chamber inlet and a chamber outlet, the chamber inlet extending to the chamber outlet along a central axis, and the first kneading shaft being positioned parallel with the central axis.
28. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the conveyor device includes a conveyor chamber and a first conveyor shaft, the conveyor chamber having a conveyor chamber inlet and a conveyor chamber outlet, and the conveyor shaft being mounted within the conveyor chamber and extending between the conveyor chamber inlet and the conveyor chamber outlet.
29. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the conveyor device further includes a second conveyor shaft, the second conveyor shaft extending between the conveyor chamber inlet and the conveyor chamber outlet.
30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the conveyor device further includes an adjacent portion and an outlet-side portion, the outlet-side portion having reduced pitch relative to the adjacent portion.
31. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the conveyor device includes a conveyor chamber and a first conveyor shaft, the conveyor chamber including a conveyor chamber inlet and a conveyor chamber outlet, the conveyor shaft mounted within the conveyor chamber and extending between the conveyor chamber inlet and the conveyor chamber outlet, and the first kneading shaft being positioned coaxially with the first conveyor shaft.
32. The apparatus of claim 31 wherein the first kneading shaft is connected to the first conveyor shaft such that the first conveyor shaft is configured to transmit force to the first kneading shaft.
33. The apparatus of claim 26 wherein the conveyor device includes a conveyor chamber, a first conveyor shaft, and a second conveyor shaft, the conveyor chamber including a conveyor chamber inlet and a conveyor chamber outlet, the first and second conveyor shafts mounted within the conveyor chamber and extending between the conveyor chamber inlet and the conveyor chamber outlet, the first kneading shaft being positioned coaxially with the first conveyor shaft, and the second kneading shaft being positioned coaxially with the second conveyor shaft.
34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the first kneading shaft is connected to the first conveyor shaft such that the first conveyor shaft is configured to transmit force to the first kneading shaft, and the second kneading shaft is connected to the second conveyor shaft such that the second conveyor shaft is configured to transmit force to the to the second kneading shaft.
35. The apparatus of claim 19 further comprising:
a portioning unit positioned within the closed conveyor path downstream of the conveyor device.
36. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the portioning device is positioned upstream of the treatment chamber.
37. A method of processing a foodstuff, comprising;
introducing the foodstuff into a conveyor device through a foodstuff inlet;
conveying the foodstuff with the conveyor device along a closed conveyor path toward a foodstuff outlet;
receiving the foodstuff in a treatment chamber downstream of the conveyor device; and
rotatably driving a first kneading shaft within the treatment chamber for colliding the foodstuff.
38. The method of claim 37 further comprising:
preventing the entirety of the foodstuff from rotating with the first kneading shaft via at least one holding element within the treatment chamber.
39. The method of claim 37 further comprising:
synchronously driving the first kneading shaft and a second kneading shaft;
rotating a first kneading element arranged on the first kneading shaft while rotating a second kneading element arranged on the second kneading shaft; and
interengaging the first and second kneading elements.
40. The method of claim 37 further comprising:
portioning the conveyed foodstuff with the conveyor device; and
compacting the foodstuff with an outlet-side portion of the conveyor device with reduced pitch relative to an adjacent portion of the conveyor device.
41. The method of claim 37 further comprising:
portioning the conveyed foodstuff downstream of the conveyor device within the closed conveyor path.
42. The method of claim 37 further comprising:
portioning the conveyed foodstuff upstream of the treatment chamber within the closed conveyor path.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/404,690 US10798948B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2017-01-12 | Apparatus for and method of processing a foodstuff |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011083356.0 | 2011-09-23 | ||
DE102011083356.0A DE102011083356B4 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2011-09-23 | Apparatus and method for processing a food, in particular for processing dough |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US15/404,690 Division US10798948B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2017-01-12 | Apparatus for and method of processing a foodstuff |
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US20130094322A1 true US20130094322A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
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US13/624,782 Abandoned US20130094322A1 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2012-09-21 | Apparatus and method for processing of a food, and in particular for the processing of dough |
US15/404,690 Active US10798948B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2017-01-12 | Apparatus for and method of processing a foodstuff |
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US15/404,690 Active US10798948B2 (en) | 2011-09-23 | 2017-01-12 | Apparatus for and method of processing a foodstuff |
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US (2) | US20130094322A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2572584B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2790872C (en) |
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Cited By (3)
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CN110558349A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2019-12-13 | 克拉玛依跬步电气科技有限责任公司 | Dough kneading and conveying integrated machine |
EP3964069A3 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-06-08 | VEMAG Maschinenbau GmbH | Dough treatment unit, and device and method for treating dough |
US20230051218A1 (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-16 | Seattle Food Tech, Inc. | Bidirectional fluted auger |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114733417B (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-09 | 广东超越生物科技有限公司 | Raw material nano crushing and mixing device and method thereof |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2790872C (en) | 2016-12-13 |
US20170118999A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
US10798948B2 (en) | 2020-10-13 |
DE102011083356A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
CA2790872A1 (en) | 2013-03-23 |
EP2572584B1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
EP2572584A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
DE102011083356B4 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
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