US20130042574A1 - Blister sheet loading apparatus with bounce prevention means - Google Patents
Blister sheet loading apparatus with bounce prevention means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130042574A1 US20130042574A1 US13/583,590 US201113583590A US2013042574A1 US 20130042574 A1 US20130042574 A1 US 20130042574A1 US 201113583590 A US201113583590 A US 201113583590A US 2013042574 A1 US2013042574 A1 US 2013042574A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dose
- cavity
- blister
- bore
- containers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
- B65B5/10—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles
- B65B5/101—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles by gravity
- B65B5/103—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles by gravity for packaging pills or tablets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B39/00—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers
- B65B39/007—Guides or funnels for introducing articles into containers or wrappers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/03—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for pills or tablets
- A61J1/035—Blister-type containers
Definitions
- THIS INVENTION relates to the prevention of bounce occurring when small objects are loaded into pockets into which they may be subsequently sealed.
- the invention is particularly well-suited, although not exclusively so, to preventing solid medication doses, such as tablets, from bouncing when falling into a pocket formed by the cavity of a blister of a blister sheet.
- the provision of prescribed medication to a patient by means of a pre-loaded blister package is commonly used to enable the patient to carry several days supply of prescribed doses of medication.
- the doses are prescribed by a doctor and appropriately packaged by a pharmacist to provide the patient with a sealed blister sheet having individual blisters marked with the days and times at which the doses in each blister are to be administered to the patient.
- the program determines which blister of the blister sheet is to be loaded at a particular moment with a particular prescribed medication.
- the blister sheet is normally loaded while inverted and has its blisters extending downwardly into respective openings provided in a horizontal support table.
- the table can be indexed horizontally in its own plane by a mechanism to bring each blister in turn to a pre-arranged loading position at which the appropriate medication dose selected from one of the containers can be released into its cavity.
- the distance through which the dose drops from the underside of the container should be made as small as is practical. However there is a limit to the reduction of this distance if there is to be no risk of a dose bouncing out of the cavity interfering with the operation of the indexing mechanism.
- An object of this invention is to reduces the risk of problems occurring during loading of doses or other hard objects into a blister cavity.
- apparatus for loading individual cavities of a blister sheet with small hard objects released into the cavities from above includes: first means for locating individual containers holding the objects at a level above the position of the blister cavity to be loaded; second means for releasing an object from the container so that it follows a path leading downwards towards the cavity; and, third means located in the path of descent of the object and acting to retard its rate of descent to an acceptable level (as below defined) before it reaches the cavity.
- acceptable level is a level at which a released object will not bounce back out of the cavity nor will its impact on other objects already loaded into for different objects to be loaded into the blister cavity.
- the third means is formed by a deflector which is struck by the object during its descent to absorb part of its momentum and thus slow it down.
- the deflector is in the form of an elongated opening such as a bore, extending downwardly through a plate and at an angle to the plane of the plate, the upper end of the opening being located beneath a bottom outlet of the container and the lower end of the opening being located above a loading position at which the blister cavity to be loaded is positioned.
- the lower end-portion of the opening is shaped to direct an object descending through it towards a side-wall of the blister cavity
- apparatus for loading cavities of a blister sheet with prescribed doses of medication includes: a support table provided with means for positively locating respective blisters of the blister sheet at a level spaced beneath and displaced horizontally with respect to a position at which dose-storage containers can be located, and a deflector positioned between the storage containers and the table to deflect a dose falling from the storage container laterally towards a blister cavity intended to receive it.
- the deflectors referred to immediately above are provided by the internal surfaces of respective axially parallel bores formed through a relatively thick and horizontal plate located between the level of the blister sheet on the table, and the level of the dose-discharge position of the container.
- an indexing mechanism of the table may be operated to bring the cavity of the blister to be loaded and its associated deflector, to a position at which the deflector is located beneath the lower end of a storage container from which the dose is to be released.
- the dose then strikes the deflector during its descent, and its momentum is reduced as a consequence.
- the deflection also preferably deflects the descending dose towards a side-wall of the selected blister. Impact with the side wall slows down the descent still further so that the risk of the descending dose damaging itself or other doses which may already be in the blister is reduced still further.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view from above of a relatively thick plate penetrated by an array of axially-parallel bores inclined to the plane of the plate and providing one form of deflecting means;
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the plate of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a side view of the plate of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 4 is an end view of the plate of FIG. 2 ;
- FIG. 5 shows diagrammatically, and to a greatly enlarged scale, the path of descent of a dose through one bore of the plate, the dose being released from a dose-storage container above the plate and striking against a deflecting surface provided by the interior wall of the bore so that the dose is deflected towards the upper internal wall of a blister cavity beneath;
- FIG. 6 shows a modification of FIG. 5 and where identical parts bear identical reference numerals but they are primed, and the lower end of the bore is rebated.
- FIG. 1 a blister support table is identified in FIG. 1 by the reference number ‘thirty’ and the same reference numeral is used in FIG. 5 of the present specification to denote a like part.
- the support table 30 of FIG. 5 is provided with openings 14 for the reception of respective blisters 15 of an inverted blister sheet 12 moulded from a resilient plastics material and placed blistered-side down on the table 30 .
- FIG. 5 shows one of a number of dose-storage containers 6 located at a level spaced above the plate 3 and at a dose-discharge position vertically above the upper end of a bore 2 .
- a mechanism at the lower end of the container 6 and controlled by a computerized control system (also not shown) allows a dose to be released from the container 6 in response to a control signal generated by the system and controlling operation of the apparatus.
- a dose in the form of a hard solid medication tablet or pill, shown at 4 in FIG. 5 is dropped from the lower end of the container 6 into the upper end of the bore 2 immediately beneath, and descends along the fall line indicated by a broken line in FIG. 5 .
- the dose strikes against the inside wall of the bore intermediate its ends, at a location 7 .
- the distance through which the dose falls before striking the location 7 is found empirically and ensures that the momentum of the dose 4 is, insufficient to cause damage to I when impacting on the location 7 . This fall distance may be varied in the apparatus to achieve this result and it will be found empirically and changed to suit different types of dose.
- the contact of the dose with the location 7 acts to reduce the vertical momentum of the dose 4 and deflects it down the inclined bore 2 towards its lower end.
- the dose leaving the lower end still has a horizontal component of velocity so that it impacts on the side wall of the blister cavity positioned beneath the lower end of the bore 2 and associated with it.
- a rebate 100 is provided on the side of the lower portion—of the bore 2 opposite the location 7 .
- This rebate 100 serves to accommodate overflow of doses within the cavity of a blister being loaded, and also to prevent doses from stacking up at one side of the blister and possibly blocking the lower end of the bore 2 .
- the invention is capable of being used in any apparatus where it is required to reduce the velocity of descent of hard solid objects which might otherwise free-fall with an undesirably high velocity.
- the deflecting bores of such apparatus may, for example, be used to reduce the velocity with which tablets or other solid medication doses are inserted into respective single dose blisters, or to orientate the dose to a desired position required for entry into a blister.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for loading medication doses (4′) into a cavity (15′) of a blister sheet (12′) made from a resilient plastics material, is provided with a number of horizontally-arranged containers one of which is shown at (6′). Each container can be operated to release a solid medication dose (4′) into a cavity (15′) of a selected blister. The blister sheet to have its cavities loaded with medication doses is supported horizontally on a table spaced beneath the level at which the containers (6′) are located. A thick horizontal plate (1) is disposed between the level of the containers and the level of the table, and an array of inclined and axially-parallel bores (2′) are formed through the plate. The upper ends of the bore associated with each blister cavity can be located beneath the container which is to deliver a dose to the cavity so that a released dose travels down the bore and impacts against one side of the bore which acts to deflect the dose and thus reduce its vertical momentum. The dose is released from the lower end of the bore and impacts against the inside upper, wall of the cavity. The risk of damage by impact of released doses with one another in the cavity is reduced and the risk of a dose bouncing back out of the cavity through impacting on its resilient floor is avoided.
Description
- THIS INVENTION relates to the prevention of bounce occurring when small objects are loaded into pockets into which they may be subsequently sealed. The invention is particularly well-suited, although not exclusively so, to preventing solid medication doses, such as tablets, from bouncing when falling into a pocket formed by the cavity of a blister of a blister sheet.
- For convenience and ease of understanding, the description of the invention which follows has been limited to its use in loading medication doses into blister cavities of a blister sheet but it is to be understood that the invention is applicable to a much wider range of usage than this particular activity.
- The provision of prescribed medication to a patient by means of a pre-loaded blister package is commonly used to enable the patient to carry several days supply of prescribed doses of medication. The doses are prescribed by a doctor and appropriately packaged by a pharmacist to provide the patient with a sealed blister sheet having individual blisters marked with the days and times at which the doses in each blister are to be administered to the patient.
- It is convenient to mechanize the loading of the blister sheet with the prescribed doses to save time and apparatus to achieve this has been devised which relies on a large number of storage containers having bottom openings from which tablets are released into the cavities of blisters in accordance with a computerized program. The program determines which blister of the blister sheet is to be loaded at a particular moment with a particular prescribed medication. The blister sheet is normally loaded while inverted and has its blisters extending downwardly into respective openings provided in a horizontal support table. The table can be indexed horizontally in its own plane by a mechanism to bring each blister in turn to a pre-arranged loading position at which the appropriate medication dose selected from one of the containers can be released into its cavity.
- The blister sheet is normally made from a plastics material which has a natural resilience, and it is convenient to rely on gravity to transfer a dose from a selected storage container to the blister cavity. However the natural resilience of the blister sheet can cause a dose to bounce back out of the blister cavity if it is the first dose to be placed in it, and there is also a risk that the descending dose will impact on a dose already in the cavity and damage one or both doses as a consequence.
- To reduce the risk of damage occurring when a dose is dropped into a blister, the distance through which the dose drops from the underside of the container should be made as small as is practical. However there is a limit to the reduction of this distance if there is to be no risk of a dose bouncing out of the cavity interfering with the operation of the indexing mechanism.
- An object of this invention is to reduces the risk of problems occurring during loading of doses or other hard objects into a blister cavity.
- In accordance with the broadest aspect of the invention apparatus for loading individual cavities of a blister sheet with small hard objects released into the cavities from above, includes: first means for locating individual containers holding the objects at a level above the position of the blister cavity to be loaded; second means for releasing an object from the container so that it follows a path leading downwards towards the cavity; and, third means located in the path of descent of the object and acting to retard its rate of descent to an acceptable level (as below defined) before it reaches the cavity. The expression “acceptable level” referred to above, is a level at which a released object will not bounce back out of the cavity nor will its impact on other objects already loaded into for different objects to be loaded into the blister cavity.
- Preferably the third means is formed by a deflector which is struck by the object during its descent to absorb part of its momentum and thus slow it down.
- Suitably the deflector is in the form of an elongated opening such as a bore, extending downwardly through a plate and at an angle to the plane of the plate, the upper end of the opening being located beneath a bottom outlet of the container and the lower end of the opening being located above a loading position at which the blister cavity to be loaded is positioned.
- Conveniently the lower end-portion of the opening is shaped to direct an object descending through it towards a side-wall of the blister cavity
- In accordance with a narrower aspect of the invention apparatus for loading cavities of a blister sheet with prescribed doses of medication, includes: a support table provided with means for positively locating respective blisters of the blister sheet at a level spaced beneath and displaced horizontally with respect to a position at which dose-storage containers can be located, and a deflector positioned between the storage containers and the table to deflect a dose falling from the storage container laterally towards a blister cavity intended to receive it.
- Preferably the deflectors referred to immediately above, are provided by the internal surfaces of respective axially parallel bores formed through a relatively thick and horizontal plate located between the level of the blister sheet on the table, and the level of the dose-discharge position of the container.
- The portion of the lower end-portion of the bore opposite the side first struck by a descending tablet may be rebated to avoid the risk of tablets stacking up against one side of the cavity and possibly interfering with the correct operation of the apparatus.
- When a particular dose is to be loaded into a selected blister cavity, an indexing mechanism of the table may be operated to bring the cavity of the blister to be loaded and its associated deflector, to a position at which the deflector is located beneath the lower end of a storage container from which the dose is to be released. The dose then strikes the deflector during its descent, and its momentum is reduced as a consequence. The deflection also preferably deflects the descending dose towards a side-wall of the selected blister. Impact with the side wall slows down the descent still further so that the risk of the descending dose damaging itself or other doses which may already be in the blister is reduced still further.
- The invention will now be described in more detail, by way of examples, with reference to accompanying partly-diagrammatic drawings, in which:
- In the drawings
-
FIG. 1 is a perspective view from above of a relatively thick plate penetrated by an array of axially-parallel bores inclined to the plane of the plate and providing one form of deflecting means; -
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the plate ofFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a side view of the plate ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 4 is an end view of the plate ofFIG. 2 ; -
FIG. 5 shows diagrammatically, and to a greatly enlarged scale, the path of descent of a dose through one bore of the plate, the dose being released from a dose-storage container above the plate and striking against a deflecting surface provided by the interior wall of the bore so that the dose is deflected towards the upper internal wall of a blister cavity beneath; and, -
FIG. 6 shows a modification ofFIG. 5 and where identical parts bear identical reference numerals but they are primed, and the lower end of the bore is rebated. - For convenience the example of the invention now to be described is designed to be used in conjunction with apparatus of the general design described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,225,597 B1; 7,426,814 B2; and, 7,510,099 B2. These specifications are hereby inserted by way of reference to enable the reader to understand how the apparatus works and to avoid burdening the present specification with unnecessary detail well known in the art. In the first two of the above-numbered prior art patent specifications a blister support table is identified in
FIG. 1 by the reference number ‘thirty’ and the same reference numeral is used inFIG. 5 of the present specification to denote a like part. The support table 30 ofFIG. 5 is provided withopenings 14 for the reception ofrespective blisters 15 of an invertedblister sheet 12 moulded from a resilient plastics material and placed blistered-side down on the table 30. -
FIGS. 1 to 4 show a flat thick nylon plate 1 formed with an array of identical cylindrical and axially-parallel bores 2 inclined at an angle to the plane of the plate of about sixty degrees. The plate 1 is slightly less than two centimeters thick. The diameter of each hole is slightly more than sixteen millimeters. None of these dimensions or angles is critical and are only given as one example of the invention. -
FIG. 5 shows one of a number of dose-storage containers 6 located at a level spaced above theplate 3 and at a dose-discharge position vertically above the upper end of abore 2. A mechanism (not shown) at the lower end of the container 6 and controlled by a computerized control system (also not shown) allows a dose to be released from the container 6 in response to a control signal generated by the system and controlling operation of the apparatus. - A dose in the form of a hard solid medication tablet or pill, shown at 4 in
FIG. 5 , is dropped from the lower end of the container 6 into the upper end of thebore 2 immediately beneath, and descends along the fall line indicated by a broken line inFIG. 5 . As the axis of thebore 2 is at thirty degrees to the vertical, the dose strikes against the inside wall of the bore intermediate its ends, at a location 7. The distance through which the dose falls before striking the location 7 is found empirically and ensures that the momentum of thedose 4 is, insufficient to cause damage to I when impacting on the location 7. This fall distance may be varied in the apparatus to achieve this result and it will be found empirically and changed to suit different types of dose. The contact of the dose with the location 7 acts to reduce the vertical momentum of thedose 4 and deflects it down theinclined bore 2 towards its lower end. The dose leaving the lower end still has a horizontal component of velocity so that it impacts on the side wall of the blister cavity positioned beneath the lower end of thebore 2 and associated with it. - Were the
dose 4 allowed to fall vertically onto the floor of the cavity, there would be a risk that the resilience of the material from which the blister sheet is made, might bounce thedose 4 back out of the cavity. It might then cause damage to an indexing mechanism used to move the table 30. There is also risk that a dose descending vertically into the blister cavity from thebore 2 could have sufficient momentum to impact against, and possibly damage itself and/doses already in the blister cavity. - In the modification of
FIG. 5 shown inFIG. 6 , arebate 100 is provided on the side of the lower portion—of thebore 2 opposite the location 7. Thisrebate 100 serves to accommodate overflow of doses within the cavity of a blister being loaded, and also to prevent doses from stacking up at one side of the blister and possibly blocking the lower end of thebore 2. - Although the invention has been specifically described in the above examples with reference to medication doses being loaded into blister cavities, it is to be understood that its usage is not limited to this application. The invention is capable of being used in any apparatus where it is required to reduce the velocity of descent of hard solid objects which might otherwise free-fall with an undesirably high velocity. The deflecting bores of such apparatus may, for example, be used to reduce the velocity with which tablets or other solid medication doses are inserted into respective single dose blisters, or to orientate the dose to a desired position required for entry into a blister.
Claims (8)
1. Apparatus for loading individual cavities of a blister sheet with small hard objects released into the cavities from above, including: first means for locating individual containers holding the objects at a level above the position of a blister cavity to be loaded;
second means for releasing an object from the container so that it follows a path leading downwards towards the cavity; and, third means located in the path of descent of the object and acting to retard its rate-of descent to an acceptable level before it reaches the cavity.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , in which the third means is formed by a deflector which is struck by the object during its descent to absorb part of its momentum and thus slow it down
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , in which the deflector is in the form of a bore inclined downwardly through a horizontal plate, the upper end of the bore being located beneath a bottom outlet of the container and the lower end of the bore being located above a loading position for the blister cavity.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , in which the bore is shaped to direct an object descending through it towards an upper side-wall of the blister cavity.
5. Apparatus for loading cavities of a blister sheet with prescribed doses of medication, including: a support table provided with first means for positively locating respective blister cavities of the blister sheet at a level spaced beneath and displaced horizontally with respect to the position at which dose-storage containers can be located, and a deflector positioned between the storage containers and the table to deflect a dose falling from the storage container laterally towards a blister cavity intended to receive it.
6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , in which the deflectors are provided by the internal surfaces of respective axially-parallel and inclined bores extending between upper and lower surfaces of a relatively thick horizontal plate disposed between the dose-discharge position of the containers and the position of the blister sheet.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , in which the lower end-portion of the bore opposite its side first struck by a descending dose, is formed with a rebate.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , including an indexing mechanism for traversing the deflectors and table horizontally to bring the cavity of a selected blister to be loaded together with its associated deflector, to a position beneath the dose-discharge position of the dose-storage containers.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2010901017 | 2010-03-11 | ||
AU2010901017A AU2010901017A0 (en) | 2010-03-11 | Bounce Prevention | |
PCT/AU2011/000255 WO2011109861A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-03-08 | Blister sheet loading apparatus with bounce prevention means |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20130042574A1 true US20130042574A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
Family
ID=44562736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/583,590 Abandoned US20130042574A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-03-08 | Blister sheet loading apparatus with bounce prevention means |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130042574A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2544950B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102803074B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2011226737B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2792375C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2611149T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1178136A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011109861A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201206286B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9394070B2 (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2016-07-19 | Pearson Medical Technologies, Llc | Pill packaging machine |
JP6397836B2 (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-09-26 | Ckd株式会社 | Pickup device and blister packaging machine |
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2011
- 2011-03-08 WO PCT/AU2011/000255 patent/WO2011109861A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-03-08 CA CA2792375A patent/CA2792375C/en active Active
- 2011-03-08 EP EP11752743.2A patent/EP2544950B1/en active Active
- 2011-03-08 ES ES11752743.2T patent/ES2611149T3/en active Active
- 2011-03-08 CN CN201180013323.9A patent/CN102803074B/en active Active
- 2011-03-08 AU AU2011226737A patent/AU2011226737B2/en active Active
- 2011-03-08 US US13/583,590 patent/US20130042574A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-08-21 ZA ZA2012/06286A patent/ZA201206286B/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-05-20 HK HK13105885.2A patent/HK1178136A1/en unknown
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Title |
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Merriam-Webster Online Dictionaryhttp://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/laterally Site Accessed: Jan 20, 2015 WayBack Accessed: Apr 25, 2009 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1178136A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
ZA201206286B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
ES2611149T3 (en) | 2017-05-05 |
CA2792375C (en) | 2017-08-22 |
AU2011226737B2 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
CN102803074A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2544950B1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
EP2544950A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
WO2011109861A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
CA2792375A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
EP2544950A4 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
AU2011226737A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
CN102803074B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: QEM INC, FLORIDA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KNOTH, NORMAN D.;REEL/FRAME:028925/0556 Effective date: 20120820 Owner name: MANREX PTY. LTD., AUSTRALIA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KNOTH, NORMAN D.;REEL/FRAME:028925/0556 Effective date: 20120820 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |