US2012465A - Thermocouple of high electromotive force - Google Patents
Thermocouple of high electromotive force Download PDFInfo
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- US2012465A US2012465A US618112A US61811232A US2012465A US 2012465 A US2012465 A US 2012465A US 618112 A US618112 A US 618112A US 61811232 A US61811232 A US 61811232A US 2012465 A US2012465 A US 2012465A
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- platinum
- limb
- rhenium
- thermocouple
- alloy
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DBJYYRBULROVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhenium Chemical compound [Re].[Pt] DBJYYRBULROVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKICBBJJCUQLPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-3-one Chemical compound C1OC(=O)CC21CCCCC2 CKICBBJJCUQLPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001137251 Corvidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100285518 Drosophila melanogaster how gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000556720 Manga Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015108 pies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H13/00—Toy figures with self-moving parts, with or without movement of the toy as a whole
- A63H13/02—Toy figures with self-moving parts, with or without movement of the toy as a whole imitating natural actions, e.g. catching a mouse by a cat, the kicking of an animal
- A63H13/04—Mechanical figures imitating the movement of players or workers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/854—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising only metals
Definitions
- thermocouples relate to thermocouples and aims at providing improved thermocouples of high electromotive force and thus rendering possible the use of very cheap measuring in stru ments, which possess a low sensitiv'eness.
- thermocouples made from base metal components such for example as constantanand chrome-nickel couples and the like, is substantially greater, but their measuring ranges only extend up to about 900-1000 C., so that the extent to which they can be used is limited.
- thermocouples which, like the Le Chatelier couples,..are suitable for temperatures up to about 1600 C. but which owing to increased E. M. F. can be connected to less sensitive and, therefore, more accurate and cheaper measuring instruments, and which able measuring instruments of substantially hi her total resistance to be used with particular accurate measurements.
- couples of higher E. M. F. and substantially higher heat resistance can be produced by making one limb from platinum or one of the platinum metals such as rhodium or of an alloy thereof, and the second limb from an alloy containing platinum and rhenium.
- rhenium contents of about 3% such a couple has a substantially higher E. M. F. than one with limbs containing respectively platinum and platinum and rhodium.
- the rhenium- may amount to between 3 and of the total alloy, while it may advantageously be about 10%. Rhenium contents outside these limits may, however, sometimes be used.
- thermocouples in 10 which one limb contains rhodium and platinum and the other platinum and rhenium are more heat-resistant than those in which one limb consists of platinum alone and the otherof platinum and rhenium.
- thermocouple which has an E. M. F. at temperatures of 1000 C., and over which lies uniformly. about 15 to 20 millivolts higher than that of a combination consisting of platinum on the one hand and platinum-rhenium on the other hand.
- the use of palladium for the'second limb also makes the thermocouple cheaper. because the much smaller specific weight of palladium makes possible a. reduction in the weight of the limb in comparison with a platinum limb.
- thermocouples of the-kind described so far in this specification the rhenium of the platinum-rhenium alloy to be used for one limb can be replaced by metals which are adjacent to rhenium in the periodic system and especially by those of the fifth and 4 sixth groups of the periodic sys'iem.
- thermocouples when one 5 limb is made of platinum and the other of an alloy as described are as follows at 1200 C. I
- thermocou-' The mkbr oxidation due to the base metal character of the metals such inter alia' as tungsten r and molybdenum, as well as the volatility of the resultantioxides and any absorption or taking up of gas by the wires of thethermocouples, can be avoided if that limb which consisted an alloy of platinum with the said easily oxidizable metals is In order to prevent the access of oxygen to the enclosed wire; the latter may advantageously .be
- E. M. F. In general the increase in E. M. F. at 1200" C., relatively to that or a thermocouple having the second limb of platinum, is about 15 millivolts. 4 'When a palladium limb is used it has been found to be particularl advantageous to encase it gas-tightly in a'ceramic material in the way described, above, in'order ,to counteract the tendency of palladium to take-up gas on being maintainedior sometime at a high temperature and thus-to bring about variations in the E. M. F. curve of the couple.-
- thermocouple according to my invention.
- thermocouples are thermocouples
- 2 2 represent the two limbs oi. the thermocouple, which are encased in a covering-element 4 of refractory material such as porcelain or quartz.
- the covering may be closed at its lower endby a sealing element 8 .0! .insulatin'gmater-ial of any suitable type.
- thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group while the'other consists essentially of platinum' and rhenium 2.
- a thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of platinum and the other essentially of an alloy .of platinum with rhenium.
- thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of palladium'while the other consists essentially of platinum and rhenium,-
- thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group and the other essentially of an alloy of platinum .
- thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group and ,the other; essentially of an alloy of platinum containing about 10% of rhenium.
- thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group while the other consists essentially of platinum and rhenium, to which ametal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, iron,-nick el and cobalt is alloyed which is capable of preventing recrystallization.
- thermocouple one limb oi which consists essentially of a metal of theplatinum group while this hasnot hitherto been possible with noble rhenium containing from 3 to 15% of rhenium.”
- the other consists essentially of platinumand I rhenium, to which a metal selected from the group consisting. oi! iridium, iron and nickel is alloyed which is capable of preventing recrystallization.
- thermocouple essentially of a metal of the platinum-group while the other comprises essentially platinum, rhenum and'rhodium.
- thermocouple one limb "01 which consists the other 'consistsessentially of platinum, rhen- .ium and substantially, 3% of rhodium.
- thermocouple comprising two the one limb of which consists essentially or a metal of the platinum group while major; portion of one ofwhich limbs consists of a platinum metal and the major portion of the.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Description
Aug. 27, 1935. V w. GOD ECKE 2,012,465
THERMOGOUPLE OF HIGH ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE Filed June 20, 1932 \NVELNTOR William Gb'olecke ATTO NE-Y Patented Aug. 27, 1935 THERMOCOUPLE OF HIGH ELECTRO- MOTIVE FORCE Wilhelm Giideeke, Hanau-on-Main, Germany Application .iime 20, 1932, Serial No. 618,112 In Germany June 20.1931
Claims.
This, invention relates to thermocouples and aims at providing improved thermocouples of high electromotive force and thus rendering possible the use of very cheap measuring in stru ments, which possess a low sensitiv'eness.
So far as thermocouples having limbs made of noble metals are concerned, the Le Chatelier couple has hitherto been most generally used, this alone having a measuring range up to 1600 C. The E, M. F. of this couple is, however, so small that it is necessary to use very highly sensitive measuring instruments which are very expensive.
The E. M. F. of thermocouples made from base metal components, such for example as constantanand chrome-nickel couples and the like, is substantially greater, but their measuring ranges only extend up to about 900-1000 C., so that the extent to which they can be used is limited.
For a long time, therefore, attempts have been made to find thermocouples which, like the Le Chatelier couples,..are suitable for temperatures up to about 1600 C. but which owing to increased E. M. F. can be connected to less sensitive and, therefore, more accurate and cheaper measuring instruments, and which able measuring instruments of substantially hi her total resistance to be used with particular accurate measurements.
It has been found that couples of higher E. M. F. and substantially higher heat resistance can be produced by making one limb from platinum or one of the platinum metals such as rhodium or of an alloy thereof, and the second limb from an alloy containing platinum and rhenium.
Even with rhenium contents of about 3%, such a couple has a substantially higher E. M. F. than one with limbs containing respectively platinum and platinum and rhodium. In general the rhenium-may amount to between 3 and of the total alloy, while it may advantageously be about 10%. Rhenium contents outside these limits may, however, sometimes be used.
Tests have shown that in comparison with the E. M. F. of 16.6 millivolts at 1600 C. produced by the Le Chatelier couple, the E. M. F. of a couple according to the invention and having a limb containing about 10% rhenium in addition to platinum is 45 millivolts, while an increase of the rhenium content leads to an increase in the E. M. F. to 60 millivolts.
By alloying further metals, such as rhodium, iridium, iron, nickel or cobalt, to the platinumrhenium alloy, besides increasing the sensitivity and heat-resistance, this has the further advantage that the strong tendency of the platinum metals to recrystallization can be avoided. Thus, for example, an addition of 3% rhodium is enough to prevent the alloy becoming brittle owing to recrystallization. A limit is set to the amount of further elements which may be added 5 by the resultant increase inrthe specific resistance.
The heat resistance of the couples can be increased further if rhodium is included in the second limb. Thus for example thermocouples in 10 which one limb contains rhodium and platinum and the other platinum and rhenium are more heat-resistant than those in which one limb consists of platinum alone and the otherof platinum and rhenium. in
With the use of a rhodium limb besides a platinum-rhenium limb, the heat-resistance is increased still further, that is'to say up to' about 1800" C., but in this case theE. M. F. is somewhat smaller and amounts to about 25 millivolts at It has further been found that the combination of one limb made of a platinum-rhenium alloy with another limb made of palladium gives a thermocouple which has an E. M. F. at temperatures of 1000 C., and over which lies uniformly. about 15 to 20 millivolts higher than that of a combination consisting of platinum on the one hand and platinum-rhenium on the other hand. The use of palladium for the'second limb also makes the thermocouple cheaper. because the much smaller specific weight of palladium makes possible a. reduction in the weight of the limb in comparison with a platinum limb.
It has also been found that, in thermocouples of the-kind described so far in this specification, the rhenium of the platinum-rhenium alloy to be used for one limb can be replaced by metals which are adjacent to rhenium in the periodic system and especially by those of the fifth and 4 sixth groups of the periodic sys'iem. Thermocouples of which one limb consists of platinum or palladium or another platinum metal while the 1 and"4% vanadium, between about2an'd 10% molybdenum, and from 3 up to about "1% manga'nese... I
.The E. M. F. of such thermocouples, when one 5 limb is made of platinum and the other of an alloy as described are as follows at 1200 C. I
Composition of the alloy E. M. F
Platinum-i17% tantalum"; .Q 23 my. Platinum+2,6% vanadium my Platinum 7% molyb' enum... 24 my. Platinum 9% tungsten- 36 my.
' enclosed in anon-metallic; preferably gas-tight,
materiaL, Examples of suitable materials are highly fire-resistant porcelain, quartz and the like.
limb instead of a'platinum limb, the thermocou-' The mkbr oxidation due to the base metal character of the metals such inter alia' as tungsten r and molybdenum, as well as the volatility of the resultantioxides and any absorption or taking up of gas by the wires of thethermocouples, can be avoided if that limb which consisted an alloy of platinum with the said easily oxidizable metals is In order to prevent the access of oxygen to the enclosed wire; the latter may advantageously .be
' 'iused into the material. Preferably a ceramic tube is used to encase the wire and the space within the tube around the'wire is evacuated or l pies have substantially higher E. M. F. In general the increase in E. M. F. at 1200" C., relatively to that or a thermocouple having the second limb of platinum, is about 15 millivolts. 4 'When a palladium limb is used it has been found to be particularl advantageous to encase it gas-tightly in a'ceramic material in the way described, above, in'order ,to counteract the tendency of palladium to take-up gas on being maintainedior sometime at a high temperature and thus-to bring about variations in the E. M. F. curve of the couple.-
Ii both limbs are encased gas-tightly, combina- 'tions such as .pa1ladium-platinum-!tungstenor 5 palladium-platinum-molybdenum have proved to be. completely resistant.
' owing to their high a. M. n, have the substantial advantage that cheaper-and less. sensitive measur-. ing instruments can be used for indicating the E. M.F. than has been possible hitherto with noble metal thermocouples.
The drawing shows in cross section a thermocouple according to my invention.
Such thermocouples,
In the drawing, 2 2 represent the two limbs oi. the thermocouple, which are encased in a covering-element 4 of refractory material such as porcelain or quartz. The covering may be closed at its lower endby a sealing element 8 .0! .insulatin'gmater-ial of any suitable type.
The use of heat-resistant alloys with rhenium, which also have the property'of not being at-- tacked, affords in addition to the large range over which they can be employed, thesubstantial advantage that cheap, i. e. measuring instruments oflow sensitiveness can be. used, and
metalthermocouples What 1' claim is 1. Athermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group while the'other consists essentially of platinum' and rhenium 2. A thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of platinum and the other essentially of an alloy .of platinum with rhenium.
3. A thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of palladium'while the other consists essentially of platinum and rhenium,-
4. A thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group and the other essentially of an alloy of platinum .with
5. -A thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group and ,the other; essentially of an alloy of platinum containing about 10% of rhenium.
6. A thermocouple one limb of which consists essentially of a metal of the platinum group while the other consists essentially of platinum and rhenium, to which ametal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, iridium, iron,-nick el and cobalt is alloyed which is capable of preventing recrystallization.
7'. A thermocouple one limb oi which consists essentially of a metal of theplatinum group while this hasnot hitherto been possible with noble rhenium containing from 3 to 15% of rhenium."
the other consists essentially of platinumand I rhenium, to which a metal selected from the group consisting. oi! iridium, iron and nickel is alloyed which is capable of preventing recrystallization.
8. A thermocouple essentially of a metal of the platinum-group while the other comprises essentially platinum, rhenum and'rhodium. 1
I 9. A thermocouple one limb "01 which consists the other 'consistsessentially of platinum, rhen- .ium and substantially, 3% of rhodium.
10. A thermocouple comprising two the one limb of which consists essentially or a metal of the platinum group while major; portion of one ofwhich limbs consists of a platinum metal and the major portion of the.
' other of which .li'mbs consists of pi tinum and rhenium. I v v I wmr-mmabnncxla
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE381137X | 1931-06-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2012465A true US2012465A (en) | 1935-08-27 |
Family
ID=6351394
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US618112A Expired - Lifetime US2012465A (en) | 1931-06-20 | 1932-06-20 | Thermocouple of high electromotive force |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2012465A (en) |
GB (1) | GB381137A (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416455A (en) * | 1944-05-01 | 1947-02-25 | Gen Controls Co | Thermoelectric generating device |
US2473627A (en) * | 1944-09-21 | 1949-06-21 | Rca Corp | Thermocouple with radiating fins |
US2537733A (en) * | 1950-05-01 | 1951-01-09 | Adolph Cohn | Variable resistor |
US2677005A (en) * | 1952-03-31 | 1954-04-27 | Sheffield Smelting Company Ltd | Thermocouple |
US2802894A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1957-08-13 | Degussa | Thermocouple |
US2861114A (en) * | 1955-05-23 | 1958-11-18 | Nishimura Hideo | Thermocouple and elements thereof |
US2915575A (en) * | 1956-07-09 | 1959-12-01 | Hoskins Mfg Company | Method and apparatus for prolonging life of thermocouples |
US2948766A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1960-08-09 | Degussa | Tungsten/rhenium thermocouples |
US3007990A (en) * | 1960-03-29 | 1961-11-07 | Gen Electric | Thermocouple |
US3007988A (en) * | 1960-03-29 | 1961-11-07 | Gen Electric | Thermocouple system |
US3022361A (en) * | 1956-10-24 | 1962-02-20 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Electrical device |
US3049577A (en) * | 1959-08-28 | 1962-08-14 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Composite material and thermocouple made therefrom |
US3097973A (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1963-07-16 | Emil S Wieszeck | Protectively contained sensing apparatus |
DE1155495B (en) * | 1959-11-11 | 1963-10-10 | Associated Electrical Ind Rugb | Thermocouple for operating temperatures up to 2800 ° C |
US3159460A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1964-12-01 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Composite material |
US3716417A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-02-13 | Pyco Inc | Profile thermocouple |
US11054315B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2021-07-06 | Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. | Thermally isolated thermocouple |
-
1932
- 1932-06-14 GB GB16782/32A patent/GB381137A/en not_active Expired
- 1932-06-20 US US618112A patent/US2012465A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2416455A (en) * | 1944-05-01 | 1947-02-25 | Gen Controls Co | Thermoelectric generating device |
US2473627A (en) * | 1944-09-21 | 1949-06-21 | Rca Corp | Thermocouple with radiating fins |
US2537733A (en) * | 1950-05-01 | 1951-01-09 | Adolph Cohn | Variable resistor |
US2677005A (en) * | 1952-03-31 | 1954-04-27 | Sheffield Smelting Company Ltd | Thermocouple |
US2802894A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1957-08-13 | Degussa | Thermocouple |
US2948766A (en) * | 1955-04-30 | 1960-08-09 | Degussa | Tungsten/rhenium thermocouples |
US2861114A (en) * | 1955-05-23 | 1958-11-18 | Nishimura Hideo | Thermocouple and elements thereof |
US2915575A (en) * | 1956-07-09 | 1959-12-01 | Hoskins Mfg Company | Method and apparatus for prolonging life of thermocouples |
US3022361A (en) * | 1956-10-24 | 1962-02-20 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Electrical device |
US3159460A (en) * | 1957-07-10 | 1964-12-01 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Composite material |
US3049577A (en) * | 1959-08-28 | 1962-08-14 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Composite material and thermocouple made therefrom |
DE1155495B (en) * | 1959-11-11 | 1963-10-10 | Associated Electrical Ind Rugb | Thermocouple for operating temperatures up to 2800 ° C |
US3007990A (en) * | 1960-03-29 | 1961-11-07 | Gen Electric | Thermocouple |
US3007988A (en) * | 1960-03-29 | 1961-11-07 | Gen Electric | Thermocouple system |
US3097973A (en) * | 1960-05-23 | 1963-07-16 | Emil S Wieszeck | Protectively contained sensing apparatus |
US3716417A (en) * | 1970-12-24 | 1973-02-13 | Pyco Inc | Profile thermocouple |
US11054315B2 (en) | 2018-01-10 | 2021-07-06 | Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. | Thermally isolated thermocouple |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB381137A (en) | 1932-09-29 |
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