US20120261098A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents
Heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120261098A1 US20120261098A1 US13/087,032 US201113087032A US2012261098A1 US 20120261098 A1 US20120261098 A1 US 20120261098A1 US 201113087032 A US201113087032 A US 201113087032A US 2012261098 A1 US2012261098 A1 US 2012261098A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ventilation circuit
- heat exchanger
- tube
- main channel
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
- H02K9/18—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle wherein the external part of the closed circuit comprises a heat exchanger structurally associated with the machine casing
Definitions
- the subject matter disclosed herein relates to a heat exchanger and, more particularly, a heat exchanger for an electrical machine.
- Heat exchangers typically employ tube bundles that are aligned with or orthogonal to an electrical machine shaft direction where there is a single entrance and a single outlet for cooling media.
- the tube bundles are generally separated into a first group and a second group. Each tube in the first group of tube bundles removes heat from heated airflow being directed away from the electrical machine. The cooled air is then carried back to the electrical machine and cooled again by the second group of tubes.
- a heat exchanger includes a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having sidewalls forming an enclosure, a baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit thermally communicative with the heat source, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a tube extending through a bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel, through the bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- a heat exchanger includes a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having sidewalls forming an enclosure, at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the heat source and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the heat source, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- an apparatus includes an electrical machine, a heat exchanger having a housing disposed proximate to the electrical machine and having sidewalls forming an enclosure, at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the electrical machine and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the electrical machine, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electrical machine
- FIG. 2 is an axial view of the electrical machine of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger of the electrical machine of FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- two cooling circuits are provided in parallel with one another to reduce a length that cooling airflow travels.
- a pressure drop due distributed friction loss or drag is reduced and, as a length of a bundle is reduced, a more uniform temperature difference between cooling media and tube walls is available.
- the apparatus 10 includes a heat source, such as an electrical machine 20 or some other similar machine and a heat exchanger 30 .
- the heat exchanger 30 has a housing 40 disposed proximate to and in thermal communication with the electrical machine 20 .
- the housing 40 includes sidewalls 41 that cooperatively form a volumetric enclosure 42 therein, at least one baffle 43 and central walls 44 .
- the at least one baffle 43 is supported by the sidewalls 41 and defines in the enclosure 42 a ventilation circuit 45 having at least one first section 450 along which heated air flows away from the electrical machine 20 and a second section 451 along which cooled air flows toward the electrical machine 20 .
- the central walls 44 are also supported by the sidewalls 41 and define a main channel 46 .
- the main channel 46 bisects each of the at least one first and second sections 450 , 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 . Cooling media, such as air pumped by an external fan, flows along the main channel 46 and through ventilation circuit 45 as will be discussed below.
- the heat exchanger 30 further includes a plurality of tubes 50 that respectively extend through bisected portions of the at least first and second sections 450 , 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- Each of the plurality of tubes 50 is fluidly coupled to the main channel 46 and a housing exterior 460 and is thereby configured to direct the cooling media from the main channel 46 through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections 450 , 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 and to the housing exterior 460 .
- the electrical machine 20 may include a ventilation system, components 202 and rotor 203 that generate heat with the rotor 203 being rotatable about an axis thereof
- the ventilation system 201 pumps heated air away from the components 202 and into the first section 450 of the ventilation circuit 45 and drives cooled air from the second section 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 back toward the components 202 .
- the main channel 46 may be disposed substantially in parallel with the rotor 203 , with each of the plurality of tubes 50 being orthogonally oriented relative to the main channel 46 and the rotor 203 .
- the plurality of tubes 50 may include at least one first tube 60 , at least one second tube 70 , at least one third tube 80 and at least one fourth tube 90 .
- the at least one first tube 60 extends through a first bisected portion 4501 of the at least one first section 450 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- the at least one second tube 70 extends through a second bisected portion 4502 of the at least one first section 450 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- the at least one third tube 80 extends through a first bisected portion 4511 of the at least one second section 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- the at least one fourth tube 90 extends through a second bisected portion 4512 of the at least one second section 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- the at least one first, second, third and fourth tubes 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 are substantially similar in shape and size. However, it is to be understood that in alternative embodiments one or more may have a unique shape and size as compared to one or more of the others. Each of the at least one first, second, third and fourth tube 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 may also have a substantially uniform geometry from end-to-end. However, it is again to be understood that in alternative embodiments one or more may have a varied geometry from end-to-end. Each of the at least one first, second, third and fourth tube 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 may also include a tube bundle 100 .
- This tube bundle 100 may be arranged in an in-line or staggered formation.
- the at least one first tube 60 and the at least one second tube 70 may each extend in substantially opposite directions on either side of the main channel 46 and may be substantially coaxial and parallel.
- the at least one third tube 80 and the at least one fourth tube 90 may each extend in substantially opposite directions on either side of the main channel 46 and may be substantially parallel and coaxial.
- the housing 40 is formed with the main channel 46 and bisected portions of the ventilation circuit 45 on either side of the main channel.
- heated air may flow away from the electrical machine 20 along the first and second bisected portions 4501 , 4502 of the at least one first section 450 of the ventilation circuit 45 while cooling media flows from the main channel 46 , into and through the at least one first and second tubes 60 , 70 . Heat is therefore removed from the heated air by the cooling media across the respective thermally conductive surfaces of the at least one first and second tubes 60 , 70 .
- the partially cooled air then flows around the at least one baffle 43 and back toward the electrical machine 20 along the first and second bisected portions 4511 , 4512 of the at least one second section 451 of the ventilation circuit 45 .
- the cooling media flows from the main channel 46 , into and through the at least one third and fourth tubes 80 , 90 whereby additional heat is removed from the partially cooled air by the cooling media across the respective thermally conductive surfaces of the at least one third and fourth tubes 80 , 90 .
- a distance the cooling media must travel from the main channel 46 to the housing exterior 460 is reduced as compared to a width of the heat exchanger 30 .
- a pressure drop along the lengths of the at least one first, second, third and fourth tubes 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 is reduced or avoided and a temperature differential between the cooling media and the heated air along the lengths of the at least one first, second third and fourth tubes 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 is maintained.
- the at least one first, second third and fourth tubes 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 may each have a length which is substantially equal to a length from the central walls 44 to the housing exterior 460 . Since this length is substantially shorter than the width of the heat exchanger 30 and the ventilation circuit 45 , a pressure and a temperature of the cooling media flowing through the at least one first, second third and fourth tubes 60 , 70 , 80 , 90 each have less opportunity to decrease and increase, respectively.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A heat exchanger is provided and includes a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having sidewalls forming an enclosure, a baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit thermally communicative with the heat source, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a tube extending through a bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel, through the bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
Description
- The subject matter disclosed herein relates to a heat exchanger and, more particularly, a heat exchanger for an electrical machine.
- Heat exchangers typically employ tube bundles that are aligned with or orthogonal to an electrical machine shaft direction where there is a single entrance and a single outlet for cooling media. The tube bundles are generally separated into a first group and a second group. Each tube in the first group of tube bundles removes heat from heated airflow being directed away from the electrical machine. The cooled air is then carried back to the electrical machine and cooled again by the second group of tubes.
- With this configuration, a pressure drop due to distributed friction loss or drag normally occurs along at least the first group of tubes. Also, a temperature difference between the heated air and the cooling media of the first group of tubes decreases along the tube lengths. As a result, a degree of cooling of the heated air is decreased given a volume of heated air and a volume of cooling media.
- According to one aspect of the invention, a heat exchanger is provided and includes a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having sidewalls forming an enclosure, a baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit thermally communicative with the heat source, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a tube extending through a bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel, through the bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a heat exchanger is provided and includes a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having sidewalls forming an enclosure, at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the heat source and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the heat source, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention, an apparatus is provided and includes an electrical machine, a heat exchanger having a housing disposed proximate to the electrical machine and having sidewalls forming an enclosure, at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the electrical machine and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the electrical machine, and central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows and a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
- These and other advantages and features will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings.
- The subject matter, which is regarded as the invention, is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other features, and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electrical machine; -
FIG. 2 is an axial view of the electrical machine ofFIG. 1 ; and -
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger of the electrical machine ofFIGS. 1 and 2 . - The detailed description explains embodiments of the invention, together with advantages and features, by way of example with reference to the drawings.
- In accordance with aspects of the invention, two cooling circuits are provided in parallel with one another to reduce a length that cooling airflow travels. As a result, a pressure drop due distributed friction loss or drag is reduced and, as a length of a bundle is reduced, a more uniform temperature difference between cooling media and tube walls is available.
- With reference to
FIGS. 1-3 , anapparatus 10 is provided. Theapparatus 10 includes a heat source, such as anelectrical machine 20 or some other similar machine and aheat exchanger 30. Theheat exchanger 30 has ahousing 40 disposed proximate to and in thermal communication with theelectrical machine 20. Thehousing 40 includessidewalls 41 that cooperatively form avolumetric enclosure 42 therein, at least onebaffle 43 andcentral walls 44. The at least onebaffle 43 is supported by thesidewalls 41 and defines in the enclosure 42 aventilation circuit 45 having at least onefirst section 450 along which heated air flows away from theelectrical machine 20 and asecond section 451 along which cooled air flows toward theelectrical machine 20. Thecentral walls 44 are also supported by thesidewalls 41 and define amain channel 46. Themain channel 46 bisects each of the at least one first andsecond sections ventilation circuit 45. Cooling media, such as air pumped by an external fan, flows along themain channel 46 and throughventilation circuit 45 as will be discussed below. - The
heat exchanger 30 further includes a plurality oftubes 50 that respectively extend through bisected portions of the at least first andsecond sections ventilation circuit 45. Each of the plurality oftubes 50 is fluidly coupled to themain channel 46 and ahousing exterior 460 and is thereby configured to direct the cooling media from themain channel 46 through the bisected portions of the at least one first andsecond sections ventilation circuit 45 and to thehousing exterior 460. - As shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , theelectrical machine 20 may include a ventilation system,components 202 androtor 203 that generate heat with therotor 203 being rotatable about an axis thereof Theventilation system 201 pumps heated air away from thecomponents 202 and into thefirst section 450 of theventilation circuit 45 and drives cooled air from thesecond section 451 of theventilation circuit 45 back toward thecomponents 202. Themain channel 46 may be disposed substantially in parallel with therotor 203, with each of the plurality oftubes 50 being orthogonally oriented relative to themain channel 46 and therotor 203. - The plurality of
tubes 50 may include at least onefirst tube 60, at least onesecond tube 70, at least onethird tube 80 and at least onefourth tube 90. The at least onefirst tube 60 extends through a first bisectedportion 4501 of the at least onefirst section 450 of theventilation circuit 45. The at least onesecond tube 70 extends through a second bisectedportion 4502 of the at least onefirst section 450 of theventilation circuit 45. The at least onethird tube 80 extends through a first bisectedportion 4511 of the at least onesecond section 451 of theventilation circuit 45. The at least onefourth tube 90 extends through a second bisectedportion 4512 of the at least onesecond section 451 of theventilation circuit 45. - In accordance with aspects of the invention, the at least one first, second, third and
fourth tubes fourth tube fourth tube tube bundle 100. Thistube bundle 100 may be arranged in an in-line or staggered formation. Also, the at least onefirst tube 60 and the at least onesecond tube 70 may each extend in substantially opposite directions on either side of themain channel 46 and may be substantially coaxial and parallel. Similarly, the at least onethird tube 80 and the at least onefourth tube 90 may each extend in substantially opposite directions on either side of themain channel 46 and may be substantially parallel and coaxial. - With the construction described above, the
housing 40 is formed with themain channel 46 and bisected portions of theventilation circuit 45 on either side of the main channel. In operation and as shown in the exemplary embodiment of theFIG. 3 , heated air may flow away from theelectrical machine 20 along the first and second bisectedportions first section 450 of theventilation circuit 45 while cooling media flows from themain channel 46, into and through the at least one first andsecond tubes second tubes baffle 43 and back toward theelectrical machine 20 along the first and second bisectedportions second section 451 of theventilation circuit 45. The cooling media flows from themain channel 46, into and through the at least one third andfourth tubes fourth tubes - Since the cooling media travels through the
ventilation circuit 45 by way of the at least one first, second, third andfourth tubes main channel 46 to thehousing exterior 460 is reduced as compared to a width of theheat exchanger 30. As such, a pressure drop along the lengths of the at least one first, second, third andfourth tubes fourth tubes fourth tubes central walls 44 to thehousing exterior 460. Since this length is substantially shorter than the width of theheat exchanger 30 and theventilation circuit 45, a pressure and a temperature of the cooling media flowing through the at least one first, second third andfourth tubes - While the invention has been described in detail in connection with only a limited number of embodiments, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described, but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Additionally, while various embodiments of the invention have been described, it is to be understood that aspects of the invention may include only some of the described embodiments. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. A heat exchanger, comprising:
a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having:
sidewalls forming an enclosure,
a baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit thermally communicative with the heat source, and
central walls defining a main channel bisecting the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows; and
a tube extending through a bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel, through the bisected portion of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein the tube is plural in number and comprises:
at least one first tube extending through a first bisected portion of the ventilation circuit; and
at least one second tube extending through a second bisected portion of the ventilation circuit.
3. The heat exchanger according to claim 2 , wherein the at least one first and second tubes each extend in substantially opposite directions.
4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 , wherein the ventilation circuit comprises:
at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the heat source; and
at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the heat source.
5. The heat exchanger according to claim 4 , wherein the at least one first and second sections are each bisected by the main channel.
6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5 , wherein the tube is plural in number and comprises:
at least one first tube extending through a first bisected portion of the at least one first section of the ventilation circuit;
at least one second tube extending through a second bisected portion of the at least one first section of the ventilation circuit;
at least one third tube extending through a first bisected portion of the at least one second section of the ventilation circuit; and
at least one fourth tube extending through a second bisected portion of the at least one second section of the ventilation circuit.
7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one first, second, third and fourth tubes are substantially similar.
8. The heat exchanger according to claim 6 , wherein each of the at least one first, second, third and fourth tube has a substantially uniform geometry.
9. The heat exchanger according to claim 6 , wherein each of the at least one first, second, third and fourth tube comprises a tube bundle.
10. The heat exchanger according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one first tube and the at least one second tube each extend in substantially opposite directions and are substantially parallel, and
wherein the at least one third tube and the at least one fourth tube each extend in substantially opposite directions and are substantially parallel.
11. A heat exchanger, comprising:
a housing disposed proximate to a heat source, the housing having:
sidewalls forming an enclosure,
at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the heat source and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the heat source, and
central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows; and
a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
12. The heat exchanger according to claim 11 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes is substantially similar to one another.
13. The heat exchanger according to claim 11 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes has a substantially uniform geometry.
14. The heat exchanger according to claim 11 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes respectively associated with the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit comprises a tube bundle.
15. An apparatus comprising:
an electrical machine;
a heat exchanger having a housing disposed proximate to the electrical machine and having:
sidewalls forming an enclosure,
at least one baffle defining in the enclosure a ventilation circuit having at least one first section along which heated air flows away from the electrical machine and at least one second section along which cooled air flows toward the electrical machine, and
central walls defining a main channel bisecting each of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit along which cooling media flows; and
a plurality of tubes respectively extending through bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit, each of the plurality of tubes being fluidly coupled to the main channel and a housing exterior to direct the cooling media from the main channel through the bisected portions of the at least one first and second sections of the ventilation circuit and to the housing exterior.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the electrical machine comprises a ventilation system to pump heated air into the ventilation circuit and to drive cooled air from the ventilation circuit.
17. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the main channel is substantially parallel with a rotor of the electrical machine, each of the plurality of tubes being orthogonal to the main channel and the rotor.
18. The heat exchanger according to claim 15 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes is substantially similar to one another.
19. The heat exchanger according to claim 15 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes has a substantially uniform geometry.
20. The heat exchanger according to claim 15 , wherein each of the plurality of tubes respectively associated with the bisected portions of the first and second sections of the ventilation circuit comprises a tube bundle.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/087,032 US20120261098A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Heat exchanger |
EP12163209A EP2512010A2 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-04 | Heat exchanger |
CN2012101241684A CN102738960A (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2012-04-13 | Heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/087,032 US20120261098A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Heat exchanger |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20120261098A1 true US20120261098A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
Family
ID=45976160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/087,032 Abandoned US20120261098A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 | 2011-04-14 | Heat exchanger |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20120261098A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2512010A2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102738960A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160134175A1 (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2016-05-12 | Abb Technology Ag | An air-to-air heat exchanger |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3616307B1 (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2022-11-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Cooling enclosure and motor |
EP4199325A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Attachment radiator of a dynamoelectric machine with plate coolers |
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-
2011
- 2011-04-14 US US13/087,032 patent/US20120261098A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2012
- 2012-04-04 EP EP12163209A patent/EP2512010A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-04-13 CN CN2012101241684A patent/CN102738960A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2512010A2 (en) | 2012-10-17 |
CN102738960A (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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