US20120190291A1 - System and method for controlling the diffusion of air in a plurality of enclosures and installation employing such system - Google Patents

System and method for controlling the diffusion of air in a plurality of enclosures and installation employing such system Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120190291A1
US20120190291A1 US13/258,502 US201013258502A US2012190291A1 US 20120190291 A1 US20120190291 A1 US 20120190291A1 US 201013258502 A US201013258502 A US 201013258502A US 2012190291 A1 US2012190291 A1 US 2012190291A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
enclosures
diffusion
thermal treatment
temperature
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Abandoned
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US13/258,502
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English (en)
Inventor
Alain Katz
Thomas Katz
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
    • F24F3/048—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems with temperature control at constant rate of air-flow
    • F24F3/052—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned
    • F24F3/0525—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned in which the air treated in the central station is reheated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F2003/003—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems with primary air treatment in the central station and subsequent secondary air treatment in air treatment units located in or near the rooms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/60—Energy consumption

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for controlling the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures.
  • the field of the invention is the field of the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures and more particularly the field of the control and management of the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures.
  • the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures is carried out by means of an installation comprising a single air treatment station and a plurality of diffusion systems arranged at the level of the enclosures into which the diffusion is carried out.
  • Each enclosure contains at least one air diffusion system.
  • the installation contains moreover an air circuit connecting the air diffusion station to the air diffusion systems.
  • Each of the air diffusion systems arranged at the level of the enclosures is equipped, in most cases, with thermal treatment means and means for regulating the flow rate of the air diffused into the enclosure.
  • the operation of these means is controlled by means for selecting the conditions for the diffusion of air into the enclosure such as for example a thermostat allowing the user to choose a set temperature.
  • the central air treatment station generates the air to be diffused into the enclosures at a given temperature for the enclosures as a whole.
  • the air generated is blown by the station at a given pressure and is conveyed by the air circuit to the air diffusion system associated with each of the enclosures.
  • the air blown by the station is thermally treated by the thermal treatment means and the diffusion flow rate is adjusted by the flow-rate regulation means so as to reach the set temperature chosen independently for each enclosure.
  • the properties of the air blown by the central air treatment station and the blowing conditions are chosen during installation and are fixed.
  • the blowing temperature can be altered with respect to the outside temperature.
  • thermal treatment means of each of the air diffusion systems arranged at the level of the enclosures involve significant use of the thermal treatment means of each of the air diffusion systems arranged at the level of the enclosures. Moreover, these thermal treatment means are very energy-intensive. In fact, these means are located on the diffusion circuit and must alter the temperature of the air over a very short timescale as the air originating from the station must be treated in real time without stopping.
  • a purpose of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to propose a system for controlling air diffusion that allows the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures to be optimized.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to propose a system for controlling the diffusion of air that makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs of an installation for the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures.
  • a purpose of the invention is to propose an installation for the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures that consumes less energy than the current installations.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve the above-mentioned purposes by a system for controlling the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures, said air diffusion being carried out by an installation comprising:
  • the blowing temperature via the central air treatment station is determined as a function of:
  • the air diffusion management system thus makes it possible to optimize the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures.
  • the optimization of the air diffusion advantageously makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption of the air diffusion installation by reducing the overall operation and therefore the energy consumed by the thermal treatment means as a whole associated with the air diffusion systems.
  • the invention makes the air diffusion installation more efficient.
  • the signal relating to an operating state of the thermal treatment means can comprise a signal relating to the percentage use of the terminal unit.
  • several air diffusion systems can comprise means of heating and/or cooling the air.
  • the calculation module can comprise instructions for determining the diffusion system the thermal treatment means of which show the lowest operating state and the set temperature having been determined as a function of the temperature of the enclosure with which said diffusion system is associated.
  • the diffusion control system makes it possible to determine the enclosure for which the lowest temperature T min is required or for which the heating means show the lowest operating state E min .
  • an instruction is sent to the central air treatment station instructing it to blow the air at temperature T min .
  • the blown air is directly diffused into the enclosure in question with a minimum thermal treatment, and the overall operation of the heating means is reduced.
  • the diffusion control system makes it possible to determine the enclosure for which the highest temperature T max is required or for which the cooling means show the lowest operating state E min .
  • the calculation module can comprise instructions for determining the set blowing temperature in order to minimize the overall operation of the thermal treatment means as a whole, as a function of:
  • the consumption per unit of temperature of the thermal treatment means can depend on the volume of the enclosure with which these means are associated.
  • each air diffusion system comprises means for regulating the flow rate of air diffused into the enclosure
  • the system according to the invention can moreover comprise:
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible to regulate the flow rate of the air blown by the central air treatment station as a function of the flow rates diffused independently into each enclosure.
  • the system according to the invention makes it possible for example to reduce the flow rate of blowing at the level of the air diffusion station while ensuring adequate use of the flow-rate regulation means in each enclosure.
  • the regulation means of each diffusion system can comprise an air flow controller, optionally arranged in the air circuit, with the signal relating to the operating state of said regulation means comprising a signal relating to the percentage opening of said air flow control.
  • the flow rate of blowing is adjusted as a function of the percentage opening of each air flow controller.
  • an air diffusion installation comprising at least one air diffusion control system according to the invention.
  • a method for controlling the diffusion of air into a plurality of enclosures, said air diffusion being carried out by an installation comprising:
  • the iteration of the steps of the method can be carried out at a pre-programmed predetermined frequency or at the request of a supervisor, for example once per day or twice per day: once for the night and once for the day.
  • Determining the set temperature can be carried out as described above for the system according to the invention, i.e. either by finding the thermal treatment means having the lowest percentage operation, or as a function of:
  • each air diffusion system comprises means for regulating the flow rate of air diffused into the enclosure with which said system is associated
  • the method according to the invention can moreover comprise the following steps:
  • the set flow rate can be determined as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of an example of an air diffusion system implemented in an installation according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an example of an installation according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of another example of an installation according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of an example of an air diffusion system 10 in an installation according to the invention.
  • the air diffusion system 10 is presented in the form of a casing comprising a first opening 11 for connection to a circuit conveying air from a central air treatment (CAT) station to the air diffusion system 10 .
  • the air diffusion system comprises moreover at least one opening 12 for air diffusion into an enclosure.
  • the air diffused into the enclosure through the opening 12 is thermally treated prior to the diffusion by thermal treatment means 13 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 and associated with said air diffusion system.
  • the thermal treatment means 13 although shown outside the diffusion system 10 in FIG. 1 , can also be also be arranged inside the diffusion system.
  • the thermal treatment means can for example comprise a terminal unit allowing the air to be diffused into the enclosure to be heated and/or cooled.
  • the operating state of the thermal treatment means 13 is a function of the temperature required in the enclosure and the temperature of the air conveyed by the air treatment circuit of the installation to which the system 10 is connected.
  • the system 10 comprises moreover means 14 for regulating the flow rate of the air diffused into the enclosure arranged at the level of the opening 11 connecting to the treatment circuit or in the air treatment circuit as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • These means can for example comprise an air flow controller, the percentage opening of which is adjusted as a function of the required flow rate for the diffusion of air into the enclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an example 20 of an installation 20 according to the invention implementing three air diffusion systems 10 shown in FIG. 1 . This installation can be implemented for a much greater number of air diffusion systems 10 .
  • the installation 20 shown in FIG. 2 carries out air diffusion into three enclosures 21 : 21 a - 21 c.
  • the air is diffused into each of the enclosures 21 by an air diffusion system 10 associated with each enclosure.
  • the diffused air is produced by a central air treatment (CAT) station 22 and is conveyed to each air diffusion system 10 by an air conveying circuit 23 .
  • CAT central air treatment
  • Each enclosure 21 comprises a thermostat 24 allowing the temperature in each room and optionally the flow rate of air diffusion into the enclosure 21 to be adjusted.
  • the installation according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises for each enclosure a first module 25 connected to the thermostat and/or to the thermal treatment means 13 of each air diffusion system 10 .
  • This module 25 has three main functions:
  • the installation 20 comprises moreover for each of the enclosures 21 a - 21 c an actuator module 26 allowing the position of the air flow controller 14 of each air diffusion system 10 to be adjusted, and providing the module 25 with a signal relating to the percentage opening of each air flow controller 14 for each of the air diffusion systems 10 .
  • the module 25 provides the described signals to a calculation module 27 forming part of the installation according to the invention.
  • This calculation module 27 determines as a function of the signals received from each of the modules 25 associated with each enclosure 21 a - 21 d, a set blowing temperature which reduces the overall operation of the thermal treatment means 13 of the set of air diffusion systems 10 for the three enclosures 21 and an optimized blowing rate as a function of the percentage opening of the air flow controllers 14 .
  • a set temperature and flow rate of blowing are communicated to a module 28 for controlling the CAT station 22 .
  • This control module 28 modifies at the level of the CAT station the temperature and flow rate of the blown air, in order to achieve the set values.
  • the determination of the set temperature by the module 27 can be carried out according to one or more predetermined relationships.
  • the module 27 determines the thermal treatment means 13 which show the lowest operating state or the enclosure for which the required temperature is:
  • the thermal treatment means 13 associated with the enclosure 21 c having the lowest operating state: 20% use of the electric unit for a required temperature of 19° C.
  • the module 27 calculates the set blowing temperature as a function of this operating state and/or of the required temperature.
  • This set temperature can for example be equal to the required temperature in the enclosure, i.e. 19° C.
  • This set temperature is then communicated to a control module 28 of the CAT station 22 , which controls the CAT station 22 such that the air blown by the latter is blown at a temperature of 19° C.
  • the thermal treatment means 13 associated with the enclosure 21 c ceases to operate, as the air to be diffused arrives at the diffusion system 10 at the required temperature.
  • the operation of the thermal treatment means 13 associated with the other enclosures 21 a and 21 b is reduced, since the temperature difference between the air blown by the CAT station 22 and the required temperature in each of the enclosures 21 a and 21 b has reduced.
  • the module 27 determines a set blowing temperature minimizing the overall operation of the thermal treatment means 13 for the enclosures 21 as a whole, as a function of:
  • the blowing temperature is therefore determined as a function of the consumption of each means of thermal treatment, this consumption being weighted in order to reduce the overall consumption of the installation.
  • the module 27 moreover determines the flow rate of blowing optimized as a function of the air diffusion flow rates into each of the enclosures and/or the percentage opening of the means for regulating the air diffusion flow rate into the enclosures, which comprise in the present example air flow controllers 14 .
  • the determination of the set flow rate can be carried out according to one or more predetermined ratios.
  • the set flow rate of blowing is determined so as to maximize the percentage opening of the air flow controllers 14 .
  • the calculation module 27 determines which air flow controller 14 has the largest percentage opening as a function of the signals received from each of the modules 25 . Then, the calculation module 27 determines if this percentage can be increased. If this is the case, the calculation module 27 determines the maximum percentage opening which can be obtained for this air flow controller. As a function of the maximum percentage opening for the air flow controller in question, the calculation module 27 determines the set flow rate of blowing at the level of the CAT station 22 and the percentage opening of the other air flow controllers so as to obtain the required flow rate independently in each enclosure.
  • the module 28 for controlling the CAT station 22 is informed of the set flow rate value and the flow rate of blowing is modified in order to attain the set value.
  • the percentage opening of each air flow controller 14 is modified, i.e. increased in the present example, in order to attain the values calculated by the calculation module 27 .
  • the modification of the percentage opening of each air flow controller 14 can be carried out using each actuator 26 arranged in order to adjust its percentage opening.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the flow rate of blowing at the level of the CAT station 22 . This reduces the energy consumed by the CAT station 22 .
  • the installation can moreover comprise means for supervising and optionally validating these operations as a whole by a user or operator.
  • the installation comprises moreover a circuit 29 , the role of which is to extract air from each of the enclosures 21 a - 21 c.
  • the extracted air is discharges into the atmosphere.
  • the communications between the different modules can be carried out via wireless connection means when permitted by regulations or wired connection means by the use of dedicated buses.
  • the communications between the different modules can also be carried out by using an existing network such as for example an existing telephone network or an existing data network implementing a TCP/IP protocol.
  • an existing network such as for example an existing telephone network or an existing data network implementing a TCP/IP protocol.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of another installation 30 according to the invention.
  • the installation 30 makes it possible to diffuse air into three enclosures 21 a - 21 c and has the same modules as the installation 20 shown in FIG. 2 and implements the same functions.
  • the air conveyed by the recovery circuit 29 to the CAT station 22 undergoes a temperature exchange with the air blown by the CAT station in the air treatment circuit 23 which will be diffused into the enclosures 21 a - 21 c.
  • the installation according to the invention makes it possible to derive a benefit from the calories or frigories stored in the air recovered from the enclosures 21 , by transferring it to the air which will be diffused into the enclosures 21 .
  • This exchange makes it possible to significantly reduce the energy consumption of the installation 30 as a whole.
  • the transfer of calories/frigories from the air recovered from the enclosures by the recovery circuit 29 to the air diffused into the enclosures is performed without direct contact, for example via heat exchangers (not shown). These heat exchangers can be situated in the CAT station 22 or downstream of the CAT station 22 . Once the calories/frigories have been recovered, the air recovered in the enclosures 21 is discharged to the outside.
  • the heat exchangers are controlled by the calculation module 27 which thus determines the quantity of calories/frigories transferred from the air recovered from the enclosures 21 to the air which will be diffused into the enclosures, which makes it possible to control the temperature of the air which is blown into the air treatment circuit 23 .
  • a single module 25 can be used for the enclosures 21 as a whole.
  • this module 25 can be integrated with the calculation module 27 .
  • a single module, optionally integrated with the calculation module can be used in order to perform the following set of operations: measuring the signals relating to the flow rate and/or the flow rate regulator means for the enclosures 21 as a whole, measuring the signals relating to the temperature and/or the thermal treatment means for the enclosures 21 as a whole, control of the different means as well as the central air treatment station 22 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
US13/258,502 2009-03-30 2010-03-26 System and method for controlling the diffusion of air in a plurality of enclosures and installation employing such system Abandoned US20120190291A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0951996A FR2943765A1 (fr) 2009-03-30 2009-03-30 Systeme et procede de controle de diffusion d'air dans une pluralite d'enceintes et installation mettant en oeuvre un tel systeme.
FR0951996 2009-03-30
PCT/FR2010/050555 WO2010112735A1 (fr) 2009-03-30 2010-03-26 Systeme et procede de controle de diffusion d'air dans une pluralite d'enceintes et installation mettant en oeuvre un tel systeme

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US20120190291A1 true US20120190291A1 (en) 2012-07-26

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US13/258,502 Abandoned US20120190291A1 (en) 2009-03-30 2010-03-26 System and method for controlling the diffusion of air in a plurality of enclosures and installation employing such system

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US (1) US20120190291A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2414742A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102365504A (fr)
CA (1) CA2756084A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2943765A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2011143524A (fr)
WO (1) WO2010112735A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019133118A1 (fr) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 Siemens Industry, Inc. Système de commande pour chauffage, ventilation et climatisation comprenant une unité de gestion d'air et une unité de terminal et procédé de fonctionnement dudit système de commande
US20230204234A1 (en) * 2019-04-11 2023-06-29 Jeff Osheroff HVAC System With Volume Modulating Valve

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102878618B (zh) * 2012-10-23 2015-05-27 广州中宇冷气科技发展有限公司 空调系统

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US4406397A (en) * 1981-05-25 1983-09-27 Topre Corporation Central air conditioning equipment
US4886110A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-12-12 Valera Electronics Inc. HVAC zone control system
US5076346A (en) * 1987-06-17 1991-12-31 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Air conditioner
US5305953A (en) * 1993-06-30 1994-04-26 Carrier Corporation Reactive heating control system
US5344069A (en) * 1991-11-30 1994-09-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air conditioning apparatus for distributing primarily-conditioned air to rooms
US20060186213A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-24 Carey Steven L Variable capacity climate control system for multi-zone space

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BE504163A (fr) * 1950-06-22
US3032323A (en) * 1956-12-03 1962-05-01 Carrier Corp Air conditioning systems
DE2316030A1 (de) * 1973-03-30 1974-10-17 Bahco Ventilation Ab Klimaanlage. zusatz zu 2212356
US5348078A (en) * 1993-07-08 1994-09-20 Steven D. Dushane Dwelling heating and air conditioning system
BR9605137A (pt) * 1996-10-14 1998-11-10 Gerhard Honig Processo e dispositivo para a refrigeração de ambientes
CN1690559A (zh) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-02 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 带有加热装置的空调器室内机
CN100434821C (zh) * 2004-07-26 2008-11-19 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 空调器的中央控制系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4406397A (en) * 1981-05-25 1983-09-27 Topre Corporation Central air conditioning equipment
US5076346A (en) * 1987-06-17 1991-12-31 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Air conditioner
US4886110A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-12-12 Valera Electronics Inc. HVAC zone control system
US5344069A (en) * 1991-11-30 1994-09-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Air conditioning apparatus for distributing primarily-conditioned air to rooms
US5305953A (en) * 1993-06-30 1994-04-26 Carrier Corporation Reactive heating control system
US20060186213A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-24 Carey Steven L Variable capacity climate control system for multi-zone space

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019133118A1 (fr) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 Siemens Industry, Inc. Système de commande pour chauffage, ventilation et climatisation comprenant une unité de gestion d'air et une unité de terminal et procédé de fonctionnement dudit système de commande
US10458672B2 (en) 2017-12-28 2019-10-29 Siemens Industry, Inc. Optimized energy usage in an air handling unit
US20230204234A1 (en) * 2019-04-11 2023-06-29 Jeff Osheroff HVAC System With Volume Modulating Valve

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Publication number Publication date
RU2011143524A (ru) 2013-05-10
CA2756084A1 (fr) 2010-10-07
CN102365504A (zh) 2012-02-29
EP2414742A1 (fr) 2012-02-08
FR2943765A1 (fr) 2010-10-01
WO2010112735A1 (fr) 2010-10-07

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