US20120175888A1 - Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power - Google Patents
Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120175888A1 US20120175888A1 US13/385,925 US201213385925A US2012175888A1 US 20120175888 A1 US20120175888 A1 US 20120175888A1 US 201213385925 A US201213385925 A US 201213385925A US 2012175888 A1 US2012175888 A1 US 2012175888A1
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- Prior art keywords
- assembly
- electrical power
- wastewater treatment
- waste
- water
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
- F05B2220/602—Application making use of surplus or waste energy with energy recovery turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/702—Application in combination with the other apparatus being a steam turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/704—Application in combination with the other apparatus being a gas turbine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/50—Hydropower in dwellings
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a municipal wastewater electrical power generating assembly and to a method for generating electrical power and, more particularly, to an assembly and to a method which allows for the efficient generation of electrical power from a wastewater treatment facility according to a variety of generating strategies which may be selectively used in a desired manner.
- a wastewater treatment facility typically receives waste laden water based liquid (generally and most typically denoted as “wastewater”) and is adapted to and actually treats the contained waste by removing undesirable waste constituents from the received liquid and returns or generates or “creates” substantially “clean” water.
- wastewater waste laden water based liquid
- Such a treatment facility is owned and operated by a municipality and the treated liquid which emanates from that municipality (i.e., the generated or produced “clean” water) is transmitted back to citizens or residents of that municipality.
- the present invention enhances the operational performance of such wastewater treatment facilities by allowing for the efficient generation of electrical power as part of the overall wastewater treatment process, wherein such generated electrical power may be used for a variety of purposes and in a variety of applications.
- an assembly for use in combination with a wastewater treatment facility of the type which receives waste containing liquid and which produces substantially clean water and waste, the assembly of the present invention including a first portion which selectively receives the substantially clean water and which generates electricity by use of the received substantially clean water; a second portion which receives the waste and which generates electricity by use of the received waste; and a third portion which controls the operation of the first and second portions.
- a method for generating electrical energy includes receiving wastewater which comprises a combination of water and waste; removing the waste from the wastewater, thereby producing substantially clean water; causing the substantially clean water to flow through a first turbine assembly and to thereafter enter a retention pond, producing gas from the received waste; and using the gas to operate a second turbine assembly, wherein the first and second turbine assemblies are each adapted to selectively produce electrical energy.
- an assembly for use in combination with a wastewater treatment facility of the type which receives waste containing liquid and which produces substantially clean water and waste, the assembly of the present invention including a first portion which selectively receives the substantially clean water and which generates electricity by use of the substantially clean water; a second portion which receives the waste and which generates waste gas; a third portion which selectively receives the waste gas and which generates electricity by use of the waste gas; a controller which is coupled to said first, second, and third portions and which controls the operation of the first, second, and third portions.
- a method for generating electrical energy comprises a plurality of electric energy generating strategies involving wastewater; and selectively utilizing the predetermined control strategies in a manner which allows a substantially constant amount of electric energy to be produced.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the assembly and method for generating electrical power according to the teachings of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- an electrical power generation assembly 10 which is made in accordance with the teachings of the preferred, although non-limiting, invention and which is operatively deployed within and which operates in combination with and/or which forms a part of an overall wastewater treatment facility 12 , such as but not-limited to a municipal wastewater treatment facility.
- the wastewater treatment facility 12 receives wastewater 14 and produces water 16 which has a reduced amount of organic material.
- This “cleaned” water 16 i.e., sometimes referred to as “substantially clean water
- the substantially “drinkable” water 5 is transmitted and/or delivered to the various residents, citizens, and business/other entities which operate within that municipality.
- the combination of the organic removal assembly and the holding tank assembly 30 cooperatively form the wastewater treatment facility 12 , according to one non-limiting embodiment.
- the treatment system 12 includes an organic removal assembly 18 (such as an agitator assembly) which is adapted to receive the wastewater 14 and to selectively remove the organic material from the received wastewater 14 , thereby creating substantially clean water 16 .
- an organic removal assembly 18 such as an agitator assembly
- the treatment system 12 includes an organic removal assembly 18 (such as an agitator assembly) which is adapted to receive the wastewater 14 and to selectively remove the organic material from the received wastewater 14 , thereby creating substantially clean water 16 .
- an organic removal assembly 18 such as an agitator assembly
- the substantially clean water 16 on its way to the holding tanks or pond 30 , is made to first traverse a first turbine assembly 40 and such traversal causes the generation of electrical energy or electrical power 48 .
- the turbine assembly 40 includes the combination of a turbine 101 and a generator 102 and the moving water 16 causes the blades of the turbine 101 to move, and such movement's transferred to the generator 102 which causes the generator to generate electricity or electrical power 48 .
- the obtained organic material 36 is transmitted, in one non-limiting embodiment, to a digester assembly 50 (e.g., comprising in one non-limiting embodiment, a plurality of holding tanks) and the organic material subsequently produces digester gas 55 .
- This digester gas 55 is then used to operate a second turbine assembly 60 which may be substantially similar to assembly 40 and which produces electrical power 62 (e.g., the produced gas is made to turn/move the blades of this second turbine assembly which causes concomitant movement within a second generator which is effective to produce electricity or electrical power 62 ).
- Both of the turbine assemblies 40 , 60 operate under the direction and control of controller assembly 70 and may each be selectively connected to the power grid of the municipality where the generated electrical power 48 , 62 may be sold and utilized. Alternatively the produced electrical power 48 , 62 may be utilized by the wastewater treatment plant itself.
- the organic material may alternatively be utilized/processed as fertilizer and the digester gas may be transmitted to a heat exchanger assembly and the produced heated air may be used within/outside of the plant 12 .
- some or all of the organic material 36 may be transmitted to a furnace assembly 100 where the received organic material 36 is combusted and made to produce steam 102 .
- the steam 102 may then be selectively communicated to a third turbine assembly 110 (which may be substantially similar to assembly 40 ) and the gas 102 causes the blades of the third turbine assembly 110 to move while in turn causes the generator portion of the third turbine assembly 110 to generate electricity 13 .
- the created gas 102 may be selectively communicated to the second turbine assembly 60 which causes this turbine assembly 60 to produce electricity.
- each strategy in one non-limiting embodiment uses a unique turbine assembly 40 , 60 , 110 ) which may be singularly or cooperatively employed in any manner (e.g., each strategy may respectively and singularly be utilized, any two strategies may be utilized, or all three strategies may be utilized as desired).
- control assembly 70 may comprise a computer which is operable under stored program control and is coupled to a first control valve 120 , a second control valve 130 , and a third control valve 140 .
- control assembly 70 is coupled to valve 120 by bus 119 and by use of valve 120 , assembly allows the clean water 27 to either flow through the first turbine assembly 40 or to bypass the assembly and enter into holding tank assembly 30 .
- the control assembly 70 is coupled to valve 130 by bus 131 and by use of valve 130 , assembly 70 either allows or prevents the emitted gas to enter the turbine assembly 60 , and the control assembly 70 is coupled to valve 140 by bus 141 and by the use of control valve 140 , assembly 70 either allows or prevents material 36 from entering the furnace or combustion chamber 100 .
- control valves 120 , 130 , 140 allows for the use of the diverse strategies and such use is important because there may be an interruption or uneven supply in the substantially clean water 16 , and/or the accurate of a fault in one or more of the turbine assemblies 40 , 60 , 110 with multiple strategies, and electrical power, to some extent, may continue to be produced even if such a fault or interruption occurs.
- the control assembly 70 may be programmed to provide a substantially constant amount of electric power. That is, in this production it is highly undesirable to have “spikes” (i.e., increases) or troughs (i.e., decreases) in the desired electrical power production amount.
- controller assembly 70 may be selectively employed by the controller assembly 70 to provide a substantially constant amount of electrical power. That is, controller assembly 70 constantly, in one non-limiting embodiment, monitors the amount of produced electrical power 48 , 62 , and 13 (by the use of a power meter assembly which is coupled to each of the turbine assemblies 40 , 60 , 110 ) and, through the control of valves, 120 130 , 140 , selects which strategies to use in order to maintain an overall constant amount of generated electrical power.
- heat which is exhausted from the furnace assembly 100 may be used/sold to heat homes or other buildings.
- a business method is provided whereby the electric power generation assembly 12 is provided to a municipality and operated by a private entity which provides some of the produced electrical power to that municipality and sells the rest, thereby comprising a profitable venture.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
An electrical generating assembly 10 which may be selectively used in combination with and/or as part of a municipal wastewater treatment facility 12 and which allows the wastewater treatment facility 12 to generate electrical energy 48,62, 13 as received wastewater 14 is cleaned.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/928,243 which was filed on Dec. 7, 2010 which was a continuation of Ser. No. 12/229,533 which was filed on Aug. 22, 2008 and which matured into U.S. Pat. No. 7,915,749 and priority is claimed from each of the foregoing delineated patent application.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention generally relates to a municipal wastewater electrical power generating assembly and to a method for generating electrical power and, more particularly, to an assembly and to a method which allows for the efficient generation of electrical power from a wastewater treatment facility according to a variety of generating strategies which may be selectively used in a desired manner.
- 2. Background of the Invention
- A wastewater treatment facility typically receives waste laden water based liquid (generally and most typically denoted as “wastewater”) and is adapted to and actually treats the contained waste by removing undesirable waste constituents from the received liquid and returns or generates or “creates” substantially “clean” water. Typically, such a treatment facility is owned and operated by a municipality and the treated liquid which emanates from that municipality (i.e., the generated or produced “clean” water) is transmitted back to citizens or residents of that municipality.
- While these wastewater treatment facilities do indeed desirably treat such waste liquid, they undesirably utilize a lot of electrical energy and the cost of such energy is increasing. Moreover the cost and use of such electrical energy for all purposes is vastly increasing throughout the world.
- The present invention enhances the operational performance of such wastewater treatment facilities by allowing for the efficient generation of electrical power as part of the overall wastewater treatment process, wherein such generated electrical power may be used for a variety of purposes and in a variety of applications.
- It is a first non-limiting object of the present invention to provide an assembly which may be used within a wastewater treatment facility and which allows for the generation of electrical power as part of the overall wastewater treatment process.
- It is a second non-limiting object of the present invention to provide a method for generating electrical power as part of a wastewater treatment process.
- It is a third non-limiting object of the present invention to provide an assembly and a method which is adapted to employ a plurality of electrical energy generating strategies and to allow several or all or a selected singular strategy to be selectively employed.
- According to a first non-limiting aspect of the present invention an assembly is provided for use in combination with a wastewater treatment facility of the type which receives waste containing liquid and which produces substantially clean water and waste, the assembly of the present invention including a first portion which selectively receives the substantially clean water and which generates electricity by use of the received substantially clean water; a second portion which receives the waste and which generates electricity by use of the received waste; and a third portion which controls the operation of the first and second portions.
- According to a second non-limiting aspect of the present invention, a method for generating electrical energy is provided. Particularly, the method includes receiving wastewater which comprises a combination of water and waste; removing the waste from the wastewater, thereby producing substantially clean water; causing the substantially clean water to flow through a first turbine assembly and to thereafter enter a retention pond, producing gas from the received waste; and using the gas to operate a second turbine assembly, wherein the first and second turbine assemblies are each adapted to selectively produce electrical energy.
- According to a third non-limiting aspect of the present invention an assembly is provided for use in combination with a wastewater treatment facility of the type which receives waste containing liquid and which produces substantially clean water and waste, the assembly of the present invention including a first portion which selectively receives the substantially clean water and which generates electricity by use of the substantially clean water; a second portion which receives the waste and which generates waste gas; a third portion which selectively receives the waste gas and which generates electricity by use of the waste gas; a controller which is coupled to said first, second, and third portions and which controls the operation of the first, second, and third portions.
- According to a fourth non-limiting aspect of the present invention a method for generating electrical energy is provided. Particularly, the method comprises a plurality of electric energy generating strategies involving wastewater; and selectively utilizing the predetermined control strategies in a manner which allows a substantially constant amount of electric energy to be produced.
- These and other aspects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from a reading of the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention and by reference to the following drawings.
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the assembly and method for generating electrical power according to the teachings of the preferred embodiment of the invention. - Referring now to
FIG. 1 , there is shown an electricalpower generation assembly 10 which is made in accordance with the teachings of the preferred, although non-limiting, invention and which is operatively deployed within and which operates in combination with and/or which forms a part of an overallwastewater treatment facility 12, such as but not-limited to a municipal wastewater treatment facility. - Particularly, as should be known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the
wastewater treatment facility 12 receiveswastewater 14 and produceswater 16 which has a reduced amount of organic material. This “cleaned” water 16 (i.e., sometimes referred to as “substantially clean water) is typically sent to aholding tank assembly 48 which may agitate the water and/or further process the water, before it is deemed to be “drinkable” or potable. The substantially “drinkable” water 5 is transmitted and/or delivered to the various residents, citizens, and business/other entities which operate within that municipality. The combination of the organic removal assembly and theholding tank assembly 30 cooperatively form thewastewater treatment facility 12, according to one non-limiting embodiment. - The
treatment system 12 includes an organic removal assembly 18 (such as an agitator assembly) which is adapted to receive thewastewater 14 and to selectively remove the organic material from the receivedwastewater 14, thereby creating substantiallyclean water 16. It should be appreciated that the present invention is independent of the actual organic material removal process and that substantially any desired organic removal process may be utilized, of which there may be many. Importantly, according to the known and utilized strategies, the substantiallyclean water 16 is transmitted to holdingtanks 30 while the removedorganic material 36 is typically discarded. - According to the teachings of the present invention, the substantially
clean water 16, on its way to the holding tanks orpond 30, is made to first traverse afirst turbine assembly 40 and such traversal causes the generation of electrical energy orelectrical power 48. That is, theturbine assembly 40 includes the combination of aturbine 101 and agenerator 102 and the movingwater 16 causes the blades of theturbine 101 to move, and such movement's transferred to thegenerator 102 which causes the generator to generate electricity orelectrical power 48. The obtainedorganic material 36 is transmitted, in one non-limiting embodiment, to a digester assembly 50 (e.g., comprising in one non-limiting embodiment, a plurality of holding tanks) and the organic material subsequently producesdigester gas 55. Thisdigester gas 55 is then used to operate asecond turbine assembly 60 which may be substantially similar toassembly 40 and which produces electrical power 62 (e.g., the produced gas is made to turn/move the blades of this second turbine assembly which causes concomitant movement within a second generator which is effective to produce electricity or electrical power 62). Both of the turbine assemblies 40, 60 operate under the direction and control ofcontroller assembly 70 and may each be selectively connected to the power grid of the municipality where the generatedelectrical power electrical power - Moreover, the organic material may alternatively be utilized/processed as fertilizer and the digester gas may be transmitted to a heat exchanger assembly and the produced heated air may be used within/outside of the
plant 12. - Alternatively or concurrently with the foregoing operation of the turbine assemblies, 40, 60, some or all of the
organic material 36 may be transmitted to afurnace assembly 100 where the receivedorganic material 36 is combusted and made to producesteam 102. Thesteam 102 may then be selectively communicated to a third turbine assembly 110 (which may be substantially similar to assembly 40) and thegas 102 causes the blades of thethird turbine assembly 110 to move while in turn causes the generator portion of thethird turbine assembly 110 to generateelectricity 13. Alternatively, the createdgas 102 may be selectively communicated to thesecond turbine assembly 60 which causes thisturbine assembly 60 to produce electricity. - It should be appreciated that the foregoing electric
power generator system 10 has three separate and unique power generator strategies (e.g., each strategy, in one non-limiting embodiment uses aunique turbine assembly - It should further be appreciated that the
control assembly 70 may comprise a computer which is operable under stored program control and is coupled to afirst control valve 120, asecond control valve 130, and athird control valve 140. Particularly, thecontrol assembly 70 is coupled tovalve 120 bybus 119 and by use ofvalve 120, assembly allows the clean water 27 to either flow through thefirst turbine assembly 40 or to bypass the assembly and enter intoholding tank assembly 30. Thecontrol assembly 70 is coupled tovalve 130 bybus 131 and by use ofvalve 130,assembly 70 either allows or prevents the emitted gas to enter theturbine assembly 60, and thecontrol assembly 70 is coupled tovalve 140 bybus 141 and by the use ofcontrol valve 140,assembly 70 either allows or preventsmaterial 36 from entering the furnace orcombustion chamber 100. In this manner, the selective activation of thecontrol valves clean water 16, and/or the accurate of a fault in one or more of the turbine assemblies 40, 60,110 with multiple strategies, and electrical power, to some extent, may continue to be produced even if such a fault or interruption occurs. Moreover, thecontrol assembly 70 may be programmed to provide a substantially constant amount of electric power. That is, in this production it is highly undesirable to have “spikes” (i.e., increases) or troughs (i.e., decreases) in the desired electrical power production amount. The three strategies may be selectively employed by thecontroller assembly 70 to provide a substantially constant amount of electrical power. That is,controller assembly 70 constantly, in one non-limiting embodiment, monitors the amount of producedelectrical power turbine assemblies furnace assembly 100 may be used/sold to heat homes or other buildings. In yet another non-limiting embodiment, a business method is provided whereby the electricpower generation assembly 12 is provided to a municipality and operated by a private entity which provides some of the produced electrical power to that municipality and sells the rest, thereby comprising a profitable venture. - It is to be understood that the present inventions are not limited to the scope or content of the subjoined claims but that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and the scope of the various inventions which are set forth in the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. An improved wastewater treatment plant for the treatment of wastewater which comprises a combination of water and waste and having a wastewater treatment assembly which separates the water from the waste and a holding tank which receives the separated water, wherein the improved comprising a device which receives the separated water from the wastewater treatment assembly and which utilizes only said received separated water to produce electricity.
2. An improved wastewater treatment plant for the treatment of wastewater which comprises a combination of water and waste and having a wastewater treatment assembly which separates the water from the waste and a holding tank which receives the separated water, wherein the improved comprising a device which receives the separated water from the wastewater treatment assembly and which utilizes said received separated water to produce electricity.
3. An energy generation assembly comprising a furnace which receives waste material, which burns waste material, and which generates gas from said burning of said waste material; and a turbine assembly which receives said gas and which uses to produce electricity.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/385,925 US20120175888A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2012-03-14 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/229,533 US7915749B1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Method for generating electrical power from municipal wastewater |
US12/928,243 US8154138B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2010-12-07 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
US13/385,925 US20120175888A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2012-03-14 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/928,243 Continuation US8154138B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2010-12-07 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
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US20120175888A1 true US20120175888A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
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US12/229,533 Expired - Fee Related US7915749B1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Method for generating electrical power from municipal wastewater |
US12/928,243 Expired - Fee Related US8154138B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2010-12-07 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
US13/385,925 Abandoned US20120175888A1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2012-03-14 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
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US12/229,533 Expired - Fee Related US7915749B1 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Method for generating electrical power from municipal wastewater |
US12/928,243 Expired - Fee Related US8154138B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2010-12-07 | Municipal wastewater electrical power generation assembly and a method for generating electrical power |
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2008
- 2008-08-22 US US12/229,533 patent/US7915749B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
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-
2012
- 2012-03-14 US US13/385,925 patent/US20120175888A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110298223A1 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-08 | O'brien Jr Robert Leonard | Method and apparatus for generating energy |
US8390136B2 (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-03-05 | Robert Leonard O'Brien, Jr | Method and apparatus for generating energy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8154138B2 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
US20110221207A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
US7915749B1 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
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