US20120047887A1 - Turbine Housing Assembly with Wastegate - Google Patents
Turbine Housing Assembly with Wastegate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120047887A1 US20120047887A1 US12/869,343 US86934310A US2012047887A1 US 20120047887 A1 US20120047887 A1 US 20120047887A1 US 86934310 A US86934310 A US 86934310A US 2012047887 A1 US2012047887 A1 US 2012047887A1
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- Prior art keywords
- wastegate
- component
- assembly
- exhaust
- outlet
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/045—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position special arrangements in stators or in rotors dealing with breaking-off of part of rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
- F01D9/045—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector for radial flow machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/50—Building or constructing in particular ways
- F05D2230/54—Building or constructing in particular ways by sheet metal manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
Definitions
- Subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to turbomachinery for internal combustion engines and, in particular, to turbine housings.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a turbocharger and an internal combustion engine
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a turbine housing and wastegate assembly
- FIG. 3 is a series of perspective views of components of an example of a turbine housing and wastegate assembly
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cartridge component of FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component and the volute component of FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component of FIG. 3 ;
- FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective views of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component of FIG. 3 ;
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes an example of a heat shield as well as a side view of the heat shield;
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a burst shield
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component of FIG. 3 and another example of a burst shield;
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an example of an assembly that includes some of the components of the assembly of FIG. 11 ;
- FIG. 13 is a side view of an example of a center housing and fluid jacket assembly
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the center housing and the fluid jacket of FIG. 13 ;
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an example of a turbine assembly with a wastegate mounted to a center housing
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a center housing with a burst shield.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram of a method for assembling turbocharger components.
- a conventional system 100 includes an internal combustion engine 110 and a turbocharger 120 .
- the internal combustion engine 110 includes an engine block 118 housing one or more combustion chambers that operatively drive a shaft 112 .
- an intake port 114 provides a flow path for air to the engine block 118 while an exhaust port 116 provides a flow path for exhaust from the engine block 118 .
- the turbocharger 120 acts to extract energy from the exhaust and to provide energy to intake air, which may be combined with fuel to form combustion gas.
- the turbocharger 120 includes an air inlet 134 , a shaft 122 , a compressor 124 , a turbine 126 , a housing 128 and an exhaust outlet 136 .
- the housing 128 may be referred to as a center housing as it is disposed between the compressor 124 and the turbine 126 .
- the shaft 122 may be a shaft assembly that includes a variety of components.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a turbine housing assembly 200 that includes a cartridge component 205 and a volute component 250 along with a wastegate control valve 290 with a control arm 292 for positioning a plug 294 .
- the cartridge component 205 forms, at least in part, a wastegate chamber 280 .
- the cartridge component 205 includes an upper surface 207 , a mount portion 209 , an opening 210 configured for receipt of a turbine wheel and supports 234 that extend from the upper surface 207 and support a cylindrical wall 238 that has a contoured shroud portion 237 .
- the cylindrical wall 238 extends to another substantially cylindrical wall 228 that defines, at least in part, the wastegate chamber 280 .
- the cartridge component 205 includes an inlet 220 that provides exhaust to a conduit 224 formed by the cartridge component 205 .
- the conduit 224 includes an opening 226 that provides for passage of exhaust from the conduit 224 to the chamber 280 .
- Regulation of exhaust from the conduit 224 to the chamber 280 occurs via the wastegate control mechanism 290 , which includes a plug 294 configured to plug the opening 226 .
- the plug 294 is operably connected to a control arm 292 such that movement of the control arm 292 (e.g., via an actuator) can partially or fully open the opening 226 (i.e., for “waste gating” exhaust).
- a cartridge component may be a single cast piece with or without one or more voids.
- the cartridge 205 may be a single cast piece that includes the supports 234 and the walls 228 and 238 without or with voids (e.g., where voids may act to reduce weight, control heat transfer, etc.).
- the volute component 250 is a curved wall that includes an upper edge 256 and a lower edge 258 .
- the upper edge 256 abuts the cylindrical wall 236 while the lower edge 258 abuts the upper surface 207 of the cartridge component 205 .
- the upper edge 256 of the volute component 250 generally includes at least a portion with an arcuate shape (e.g., matched to abut the cylindrical wall 236 ).
- the volute component 250 abuts an arched wall 211 of the cartridge component 205 , for example, that may define an opening to allow for exhaust to reach a turbine wheel from 360 degrees or approximately 360 degrees.
- the cartridge component 205 and the volute component 250 form a volute that can receive exhaust and provide exhaust to a turbine wheel space. Further, the wastegate control mechanism 290 can control how much exhaust entering the assembly via the inlet 220 is directed to the turbine wheel space.
- a cast component can provide a durable shroud or wheel contour (see, e.g., shroud 237 ). Further, where the cartridge component 205 is cast, it can provide some degree of burst containment. Specifically, in the example of FIG. 2 , where the cartridge component 205 is cast, upon burst of a turbine wheel, various features of the cartridge component 205 , if remaining intact (e.g. material defining the opening 210 , the supports 234 and the cylindrical wall 238 ), can help contain and absorb energy from debris, leaving only the spaces between the supports 234 and an opening 240 defined by the cylindrical wall 238 as possible ejection pathways.
- various features of the cartridge component 205 if remaining intact (e.g. material defining the opening 210 , the supports 234 and the cylindrical wall 238 ), can help contain and absorb energy from debris, leaving only the spaces between the supports 234 and an opening 240 defined by the cylindrical wall 238 as possible ejection pathways.
- cartridge component 205 can also provide support for attachment to of the turbine housing assembly 200 to a bearing housing (e.g., a turbocharger center housing), for example, via a V-band fixation mechanism as shown in FIG. 2 (see, e.g., mount portion 209 ) or other fixation mechanism.
- a bearing housing e.g., a turbocharger center housing
- V-band fixation mechanism as shown in FIG. 2 (see, e.g., mount portion 209 ) or other fixation mechanism.
- a cast cartridge component can include a V-band for fixation and a wheel contour.
- a cartridge component can provide various benefits and allow for use of various types of volute components and outlet components.
- a volute component may be tailored to provide particular operational characteristics.
- a volute component may be shaped to for a particular volute volume, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional shape, etc.
- Use of a separate volute component can also allow for flow surface modification, for example, polishing, indicia to direct flow, etc.
- Such parameters may provide for reduced frictional losses and improved flow fields as well as tailoring exhaust flow to a turbine wheel or matching a volute component to a particular turbine wheel or family of turbine wheels, optionally for certain operational conditions (e.g., low load, high load, etc.).
- a turbine housing assembly with a cast cartridge component can reduce mass and retention of heat in comparison to an assembly where the volute is also cast.
- a conventional cast turbine housing with an integral cast volute typically requires more material, contains more mass and will retain more heat.
- a volute component, such as the volute component 250 can be made of a material that has a lesser mass, lesser thickness, lesser heat capacity, etc., which may be expected to retain less heat.
- casting may be simplified for a cartridge component compared to a cast turbine housing with an integral volute.
- a volute component may be formed from sheet metal, a light-weight high temperature composite material (e.g., ceramic matrix composites), or other material.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a turbine housing assembly 300 that includes a cartridge component 305 , a volute component 350 and a wastegate outlet component 370 .
- the components 305 , 350 and 370 are shown in FIG. 3 with respect to a cylindrical coordinate system having an axial “z” coordinate, a radial “r” coordinate and an azimuthal “ ⁇ ” coordinate (see, e.g., Beyer, W. H., CRC Standard Mathematical Tables, 28th ed. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, p. 212, 1987).
- the cartridge component 305 is configured to receive exhaust via an inlet 320 of an exhaust conduit 322 , where the exhaust conduit 322 may be cast integral to the base plate 307 .
- the exhaust conduit 322 has a fitting 312 , a rib 315 that supports a fixture 317 for a wastegate valve, and a planar surface 326 with a wastegate opening 328 for “waste gating” exhaust (e.g., diverting exhaust away from a path to a turbine).
- the rib 315 extends to a raised arcuate wall 319 and supports the fixture 317 , which is a cylinder with a central bore for receipt of a wastegate valve control shaft.
- the base plate 307 may include openings 308 for receipt of rods, bolts, or other components for mounting or fixation of the turbine hosing assembly 300 where the openings 308 are positioned near a maximal radial dimension of the base plate 307 .
- the base plate 307 includes an opening 310 configured for receipt of a turbine wheel.
- the opening 310 may be defined by a radial dimension slightly larger than a radius of a turbine wheel.
- the cartridge component 305 further includes a cylindrical wall 338 with an outlet 340 and vanes 334 disposed between the cylindrical wall 338 and the base plate 307 where adjacent vanes 334 define throats. At trailing edges of the vanes 334 , the throats open at a gap 330 .
- An axial height of the gap 330 may be defined by an axial dimension of one or more of the vanes 334 . Different vanes 334 may differ in axial height and therefore result in a varying height for the gap 330 (e.g., an axial dimension for the gap 330 that varies about the angle ⁇ ).
- Each of the vanes 334 may be defined via a line passing between a trailing edge and a leading edge where the line forms a vane angle, for example, an angle defined with respect to a radial line extending from the z-axis to the vane's trailing edge.
- the vanes 334 are fixed (e.g., formed at a fixed vane angle).
- Each vane may have a particular shape that differs from one or more other vanes, for example, where the shape of a vane depends on position of the vane about the azimuthal angle. In various examples, all vanes may have the same shape, the same height and the same vane angle.
- the volute component 350 is a curved wall that curves about the azimuthal dimension and that includes a proximal end 352 and a distal end 354 and an upper edge 356 and a lower edge 358 .
- the volute component 350 has a particular shape; noting that the cross-sectional shape of the volute component 350 varies with respect to the angle ⁇ .
- the cross-sectional shape of the volute component 350 may be tailored to achieve one or more goals.
- the upper edge 356 abuts the cylindrical wall 338 while the lower edge 358 abuts the upper surface 307 of the cartridge component 305 .
- the proximal end 352 abuts an outlet 313 of the exhaust conduit 322 and the distal end 354 abuts an arched wall 311 .
- the cartridge component 305 and the volute component 350 form a volute that can receive exhaust via the conduit 322 and provide exhaust to a turbine wheel space via the throats of the vanes 334 .
- the wastegate outlet component 370 is configured with a cylindrical wall 374 that extends between and defines an inlet 372 and an outlet 376 as well as side walls 382 and 384 and an upper wall 386 that extend from the cylindrical wall 374 and an end wall 385 , which collectively form in conjunction with the arcuate wall 319 and the planar surface 326 of the cartridge component 305 , a wastegate chamber 380 (see, e.g., FIGS. 6 , 8 and 11 ).
- the cylindrical wall 374 has an edge 388 associated with the upper wall 386 defines, in part, an outlet for the wastegate chamber 380 .
- the wastegate outlet component 370 may be seated with respect to the cartridge component 305 such that the outlet 340 of the cartridge component 305 provides for flow of exhaust to the inlet 372 of the wastegate outlet component 370 .
- the walls 382 , 384 , 385 and 386 are seated with respect to the planar surface 326 and the arcuate wall 319 of the cartridge component 305 to form the wastegate chamber 380 where an opening is formed between the arcuate wall 319 and the edge 388 of the wastegate outlet component 370 , the opening configured for receipt of exhaust from the chamber 380 (e.g., upon opening of the exhaust opening 328 ).
- the outlet component 370 functions as an extension of the cylindrical wall 338 of the cartridge component 305 as well as a cover (e.g., sides 382 , 384 , 385 and 386 ) that defines, in part, the wastegate chamber 380 .
- axial dimensions of the cylindrical wall 338 and the arcuate wall 319 may be minimized to reduce weight yet be sufficient to provide integrity, form an ample shroud for a turbine wheel, etc.
- the outlet component 370 may be made from a material that differs from that of the cartridge component 305 .
- an assembly can include a cast cartridge component that includes a base plate having an opening configured for receipt of a turbine wheel, a cylindrical wall that includes a shroud portion, one or more supports disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate, an exhaust conduit that includes an inlet, an outlet and a wastegate opening positioned intermediate the inlet and the outlet, and a substantially planar surface integral to the exhaust conduit, the wastegate opening located on the planar surface; and a wastegate outlet component that includes a cylindrical portion that extends between and defines an inlet and an outlet, and a cover portion configured to cover the substantially planar surface of the cast cartridge component to form a wastegate chamber where one or more openings provide for flow of exhaust from the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion.
- the cartridge component can include at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component.
- an arcuate wall e.g., the wall 319
- the wall can define, at least in part, at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component.
- the wall can include notches, apertures or other features to form one or more openings.
- an edge of a cover portion can define, at least in part, at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component. Accordingly, as described herein, an arcuate wall and an edge of a wastegate outlet portion can define one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust from a wastegate chamber to a cylindrical portion of a wastegate outlet component.
- a wastegate outlet component can include at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust from a wastegate chamber to a cylindrical portion.
- a cartridge component can include a rib that extends axially from the exhaust conduit and that defines an edge of a planar surface that forms part of a chamber and an arcuate wall that extends axially from a cylindrical wall and that defines an edge of the planar surface.
- a cartridge component can include a rib that extends from an exhaust conduit where the rib is configured to support a wastegate valve control mechanism.
- an assembly can further include a curved wall with a proximal end and a distal end, and an upper edge and a lower edge where joinder of the proximal end and an outlet of an exhaust conduit, joinder of the upper edge and a cylindrical wall and joinder of the lower edge and a base plate forms a volute configured to direct exhaust received via an inlet of the exhaust conduit to a turbine wheel via one or more openings disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate.
- the curved wall can have a shape that corresponds to a specific turbine wheel. Further such a curved wall may be selected from multiple curved walls having different shapes.
- an exhaust conduit has an axis oriented substantially parallel to a plane defined by a base plate and a cylindrical wall has an axis oriented substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the base plate.
- the cartridge component can include a socket configured for joinder with a distal end of a curved wall where the socket is optionally integral with an exhaust conduit.
- one or more supports can define one or more openings disposed between a cylindrical wall and a base plate.
- at least one of the one or more supports can be a vane.
- all of the supports can be vanes where adjacent vanes define throats to direct exhaust to a turbine wheel space defined by the cast cartridge component.
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the cartridge component 305 of FIG. 3 .
- the planar surface 326 is shown as including an edge 314 that meets the rib 315 and the wall 319 as well as the outlet 313 and an edge 316 that extends from the outlet 313 to the rib 315 .
- the planar surface 326 is cast integral to the exhaust conduit 322 and includes the wastegate opening 328 . While the surface 326 in FIG. 4 is substantially planar, in other examples it may have a different shape yet still define, in part, a wastegate chamber such as the chamber 380 .
- a wastegate valve regulates flow of exhaust from the exhaust conduit 322 through the wastegate opening 328 and into the chamber 380 (e.g., as regulated by a regulator, which may optionally include a processor and processor-executable instructions). Exhaust exits the chamber 380 via an opening defined by the upper end of the arcuate wall 319 and an edge 388 of the wastegate outlet component 370 . Exhaust flowing through the wastegate opening 328 bypasses the volute formed by the cartridge component 305 and the volute component 350 and hence does not contribute to rotation of a turbine wheel received by the opening 310 of the base plate 307 of the cartridge component 305 .
- the cartridge component 305 may be cast and have rigidity sufficient to mount or clamp other components of a turbocharger (e.g., a bearing housing). Further, the size of various features of the cartridge component 305 may be minimized to conserve mass yet still provide sufficient rigidity to receive other components.
- a volute component and a wastegate outlet component may be formed integrally or first connected and attached to a cartridge component.
- the cartridge component still serves as a rigid component for receipt of the component or components that include the volute and wastegate outlet features.
- an arcuate wall may include one or more openings for exhaust to exit an exhaust wastegate chamber.
- a cover component may be configured to meet the top edge of the wall.
- an exhaust wastegate chamber is formed that includes and exit for exhaust received via an opening in an exhaust conduit.
- a control mechanism for the opening 328 may be configured differently yet still allow for regulation of exhaust from an exhaust conduit to an exhaust wastegate chamber (e.g., via an ECU or other regulation device).
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of an assembly 500 that includes the cartridge component 305 and the volute component 350 .
- the arched wall 311 defines an opening for receipt of the distal end 354 of the volute component 350 .
- the rib 315 has an axial height approximately the same as the arcuate wall 319 .
- the rib 315 and the arcuate wall 319 are configured to cooperate with the wastegate outlet component 370 .
- the side 382 of the wastegate outlet component 370 may include a cut-out portion that conforms to the shape of the fixture 317 supported by the rib 315 .
- the side 382 may include an arcuate cut-out to match the shape of the cylindrical fixture 317 .
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an assembly 600 that includes the cartridge component 305 , the volute component 350 and the wastegate outlet component 370 .
- these components are positioned (e.g., assembled with appropriate alignment) and ready for joinder. Per the alignment of components in FIG.
- joints exist between the base plate 307 and the lower edge 358 of the volute component 350 , between the outlet 313 of the conduit 322 and the end 352 of the volute component 350 , between the upper edge 356 of the volute component 350 and the cylindrical wall 338 , between the inlet 372 of the wastegate outlet component 370 and the outlet 340 of the cylindrical wall 338 , between the planar surface 326 of the cartridge component 305 and the side 384 of the wastegate outlet component 370 (see, e.g., edge 316 ) as well as between the planar surface 326 and the side 385 , between the rib 315 and the side 382 , between the fixture 317 and the side 382 , and between the end 354 of the volute component 350 and the arched wall 311 of the cartridge component 305 .
- FIG. 6 shows the chamber 380 as well as the arcuate wall 319 where the wall 319 of the cartridge component 305 and the edge 388 of the wastegate outlet component 370 define an opening for flow of exhaust from the chamber 380 to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component 370 .
- various components may be joined by any of a variety of techniques.
- chemical, mechanical or thermal techniques may be used to join and seal various components.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show perspective views of an assembly 700 that includes the cartridge component 305 , the volute component 350 and the wastegate outlet component 370 as well as a control valve mechanism 390 for control of the wastegate opening 328 where the control valve mechanism 390 includes a control arm 392 .
- hatched lines indicate joinder of the various components via welds that exist between the base plate 307 and the lower edge 358 of the volute component 350 , between the outlet 313 of the conduit 322 and the end 352 of the volute component 350 , between the upper edge 356 of the volute component 350 and the cylindrical wall 338 , between the inlet 372 of the wastegate outlet component 370 and the outlet 340 of the cylindrical wall 338 , between the planar surface 326 of the cartridge component 305 and the side 384 of the wastegate outlet component 370 as well as between the planar surface 326 and the side 385 , between the rib 315 and the side 382 , between the fixture 317 and the side 382 , and between the end 354 of the volute component 350 and the arched wall 311 of the cartridge component 305 .
- Welds may be made via any of a variety of processes (thermal, chemical, etc.), which may depend on materials of construction of the various components. Depending on configuration, other types of joinder may be employed (e.g., where risk of exhaust leakage is acceptably minimized).
- FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of an assembly 900 that includes a heat shield 905 as well as a side view of the heat shield 905 .
- a heat shield can shield components from thermal radiation emitted by a turbine during and after operation (e.g., during cool down).
- the heat shield 905 includes fixation openings 908 , spacers 909 , a central opening 910 as well as a tongue 912 that extends in a direction along the axis of the conduit 322 .
- FIG. 9 also shows a lip 306 that surrounds the opening 310 of the cartridge component 305 .
- the spacers 908 may be stamped or otherwise formed in a flat piece of material (e.g., metal, composite material, etc.).
- the spacers 808 ensure that a substantially flat portion 907 of heat shield 905 is maintained a distance from the base component 305 , for example, to provide a space for air. Addition of the shield 900 does not require any additional fasteners, for example, as shown in the assembly of FIG. 12 .
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a burst shield 1005 .
- the burst shield 1005 includes a base 1007 and a wall 1010 having ends 1014 and 1018 and an upper edge 1020 .
- the base 1007 includes openings 1008 for mounting to a turbine housing assembly.
- the ends 1014 and 1018 define a gap, for example, of sufficient width to accommodate a conduit and optionally features of a wastegate control mechanism of a turbine housing assembly.
- FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of an assembly 1100 that includes the cartridge component 305 , the volute component 350 , the wastegate outlet component 370 , the wastegate control mechanism 390 with control arm 392 and a burst shield 1105 .
- the burst shield 1105 has features similar to the burst shield of FIG. 10 but further includes a cover portion 1120 .
- the cover 1120 and the surrounding wall 1110 present barriers to debris in the instance a burst occurs. These features also act as barriers to heat transfer, which can diminish radiation and shorten warm up times of a turbine assembly. Diminishing radiation can be important to reduce impact on surrounding components, for example, electrical components that may be sensitive to external radiation. As shown in FIG.
- openings 1108 of the burst shield 1105 align with the openings 308 of the base plate 307 of the cartridge component 305 . Further, the burst shield 1105 is configured such that the ends 1114 and 1118 provide clearance for the conduit 322 of the cartridge component 305 and the control arm 392 of the control mechanism 390 .
- FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of an assembly 1200 that includes some components of the assembly of FIG. 11 , the heat shield 905 of FIG. 9 , a wastegate actuator 1210 to operate the control arm 392 of the control mechanism 390 , a fluid conduit 1220 , a bearing housing 1240 and a compressor assembly 1280 .
- rods 1208 extend from the burst shield 1005 to the compressor assembly 1280 and clamp the bearing housing 1240 .
- the cartridge component 305 provides structural rigidity and integrity to support clamping of the bearing housing 1240 between a turbine and a compressor.
- the heat shield 905 allows for the fluid conduit 1220 to be mounted without directly contacting the cartridge component 305 .
- the fluid conduit 1220 can allow for flow of a cooling fluid to remove heat from the assembly 1200 , particularly heat transferred to the heat shield 905 .
- the wastegate actuator 1210 may be attached, in part, to the compressor assembly 1280 .
- a detachment mechanism 1212 may allow for disassembly of some components of the actuator 1210 such that the rods 1208 may be removed and the turbine assembly and other pieces taken apart without detaching the wastegate actuator 1210 from the compressor assembly 1280 .
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a center housing and fluid jacket assembly 1300 .
- the center housing 1340 includes a compressor end 1342 and a base 1350 with a fixation feature 1352 , for example, to fix a turbocharger to an engine assembly.
- the fluid jacket 1320 includes a compressor end 1322 and a turbine end 1328 .
- an opening 1332 is shown as associated with a conduit 1334 .
- a U.S. patent application entitled “Turbocharger bearing housing assembly”, having Ser. No. 12/838,317 and filed Jul. 16, 2010 describes details of various housing and fluid jacket assemblies and is incorporated herein by reference.
- FIG. 14 shows the center housing 1340 and fluid jacket 1320 of the assembly 1300 of FIG. 13 .
- the center housing 1340 includes the compressor end and a turbine end 1348 and, positioned between these two ends, a bearing housing portion 1344 with a bore 1345 configured for receipt of a bearing system (e.g., one or more bearings and a shaft).
- a bearing system e.g., one or more bearings and a shaft.
- the center housing 1340 can be configured for attachment to the cartridge component 305 , optionally with the fluid jacket 1320 or the heat shield 905 or both the fluid jacket 1320 and the heat shield 905 .
- the fluid jacket 1320 includes a central portion 1324 located between the compressor end 1322 and the turbine end 1328 where a bore 1325 exists together with a cut-out portion 1326 configured for positioning the fluid jacket 1320 with respect to the center housing 1340 .
- Another conduit 1336 is also show with an opening 1338 .
- the openings 1332 and 1338 may be an inlet and an outlet or an outlet and an inlet, depending on direction of fluid flow to and from the fluid jacket 1320 .
- FIG. 15 shows an example of an assembly 1500 that includes a turbine assembly with a wastegate mounted to a center housing 1590 that supports a shaft 1597 .
- the turbine assembly includes a base portion 1507 , a cylindrical portion 1538 and a volute wall 1550 that has at one end an opening portion 1555 that forms an opening 1520 (e.g., an inlet for exhaust).
- the opening portion 1555 that may be configured as a fixture for attachment to an exhaust conduit.
- the fixture or fitting for an exhaust conduit is formed as part of the volute wall 1550 in contrast to some other examples where a cast portion forms a fixture of fitting.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of an assembly 1500 that includes a turbine assembly with a wastegate mounted to a center housing 1590 that supports a shaft 1597 .
- the turbine assembly includes a base portion 1507 , a cylindrical portion 1538 and a volute wall 1550 that has at one end an opening portion 1555 that forms an opening 1520 (e.g., an inlet for exhaust).
- the volute wall 1550 includes a wastegate opening 1557 that allows exhaust gas to bypass a turbine wheel mounted in the housing and to ultimately exit via the opening 1576 .
- the wastegate component 1570 includes a control arm 1595 for actuation of a wastegate valve disposed in the assembly 1500 that allows for control of exhaust flow via the wastegate opening 1557 of the volute wall 1550 .
- an assembly can include a cast cartridge component that includes a base plate having an opening configured for receipt of a turbine wheel, a cylindrical wall that includes a shroud portion, and one or more supports disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate; a curved wall component that includes a proximal end and a distal end, a wastegate opening disposed between the proximal end and the distal end, and an upper edge and a lower edge, where the proximal end of the curved wall forms an inlet for exhaust and where joinder of the upper edge and the cylindrical wall and joinder of the lower edge and the base plate forms a volute configured to direct exhaust received via the inlet to a turbine wheel via the throats; and a wastegate outlet component that includes a cylindrical portion that extends between and defines an inlet and an outlet, and a cover portion configured to cover a portion of the curved wall, the portion having the wastegate opening, to form a wastegate chamber where one or more openings provide for flow of exhaust from the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical
- FIG. 16 shows an as center housing 1600 that includes an integral burst shield 1605 .
- the housing 1600 may be cast and of sufficient integrity to impede debris in the instance of a burst turbine wheel 1610 .
- the shield 1605 has a cylindrical shape with a cutout portion to accommodate an exhaust inlet for a volute.
- a turbine housing may be mounted onto the center housing 1600 . As shown in the example of FIG. 16 , the shield 1605 rises to at least the height of an exducer portion of the turbine wheel 1610 .
- FIG. 17 shows a block diagram of a method 1700 for assembling turbocharger components.
- the method 1700 includes providing a cast cartridge component 1710 and providing a wastegate outlet component 1720 .
- a join block 1730 includes joining the cast cartridge component and the wastegate outlet component.
- a clamp block 1740 includes clamping a bearing housing to the cast cartridge component.
- the join block 1730 optionally includes welding the wastegate outlet component to the cast cartridge component, which forms a wastegate chamber.
- the clamp block 1740 optionally includes clamping the bearing housing between the cast cartridge component and a compressor housing using, for example, rods that extend between the cast cartridge component and the compressor housing without contacting the bearing housing. Such an approach can reduce heat transfer between a turbine housing and a bearing housing. Further, such an approach can allow for enhance air flow to a bearing housing, which can enhance heat transfer from a bearing housing.
- the method 1700 optionally includes mounting a heat shield to the cast cartridge prior to the clamping.
- the method 1700 optionally includes mounting a burst shield to the cast cartridge component prior to the clamping.
- the method 1700 optionally includes mounting a heat shield and mounting a burst shield to the cast cartridge component prior to the clamping.
- clamping may help secure a heat shield, a burst shield or both a heat shield and a burst shield, for example, as shown in the assembly 1200 of FIG. 12 .
- the bearing housing may be the center housing 1340 optionally with the fluid jacket 1320 of FIGS. 13 and 14 .
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Abstract
Description
- This patent application is related to, and incorporates by reference herein, U.S. patent application entitled “Turbine housing assembly” having Ser. No. 12/869,307, which was filed on Aug. 26, 2010 with Attorney Docket No. H0020838.
- Subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to turbomachinery for internal combustion engines and, in particular, to turbine housings.
- Many conventional turbine systems require separate wastegate features such as valves and conduits. Accordingly, engine environment or compartment design must account for the turbine system as well as the separate wastegate valve(s) and conduit(s). The disaggregated nature of such components complicates design, especially when one or more additional exhaust conduits are required because consequences of heat carried by exhaust flowing in one or more addition conduit must be considered as well (e.g., additional insulation of conduits, other engine components and reduction of usable engine compartment space). Various turbine housing assemblies with integral wastegate features are presented herein that provide advantages when compared to conventional turbine systems that require separate wastegate features.
- A more complete understanding of the various methods, devices, assemblies, systems, arrangements, etc., described herein, and equivalents thereof, may be had by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with examples shown in the accompanying drawings where:
-
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a turbocharger and an internal combustion engine; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a turbine housing and wastegate assembly; -
FIG. 3 is a series of perspective views of components of an example of a turbine housing and wastegate assembly; -
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the cartridge component ofFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component and the volute component ofFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component ofFIG. 3 ; -
FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective views of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component ofFIG. 3 ; -
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes an example of a heat shield as well as a side view of the heat shield; -
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an example of a burst shield; -
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an assembly that includes the cartridge component, the volute component and the wastegate outlet component ofFIG. 3 and another example of a burst shield; -
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an example of an assembly that includes some of the components of the assembly ofFIG. 11 ; -
FIG. 13 is a side view of an example of a center housing and fluid jacket assembly; -
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the center housing and the fluid jacket ofFIG. 13 ; -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an example of a turbine assembly with a wastegate mounted to a center housing; -
FIG. 16 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of a center housing with a burst shield; and -
FIG. 17 is a diagram of a method for assembling turbocharger components. - Turbochargers are frequently utilized to increase output of an internal combustion engine. Referring to
FIG. 1 , aconventional system 100 includes aninternal combustion engine 110 and aturbocharger 120. Theinternal combustion engine 110 includes anengine block 118 housing one or more combustion chambers that operatively drive ashaft 112. As shown inFIG. 1 , anintake port 114 provides a flow path for air to theengine block 118 while anexhaust port 116 provides a flow path for exhaust from theengine block 118. - The
turbocharger 120 acts to extract energy from the exhaust and to provide energy to intake air, which may be combined with fuel to form combustion gas. As shown inFIG. 1 , theturbocharger 120 includes anair inlet 134, ashaft 122, acompressor 124, aturbine 126, ahousing 128 and anexhaust outlet 136. Thehousing 128 may be referred to as a center housing as it is disposed between thecompressor 124 and theturbine 126. Theshaft 122 may be a shaft assembly that includes a variety of components. -
FIG. 2 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of an example of aturbine housing assembly 200 that includes acartridge component 205 and avolute component 250 along with awastegate control valve 290 with acontrol arm 292 for positioning aplug 294. In the example ofFIG. 2 , thecartridge component 205 forms, at least in part, awastegate chamber 280. Thecartridge component 205 includes anupper surface 207, amount portion 209, anopening 210 configured for receipt of a turbine wheel and supports 234 that extend from theupper surface 207 and support acylindrical wall 238 that has a contouredshroud portion 237. Thecylindrical wall 238 extends to another substantiallycylindrical wall 228 that defines, at least in part, thewastegate chamber 280. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , thecartridge component 205 includes aninlet 220 that provides exhaust to aconduit 224 formed by thecartridge component 205. Theconduit 224 includes anopening 226 that provides for passage of exhaust from theconduit 224 to thechamber 280. Regulation of exhaust from theconduit 224 to thechamber 280 occurs via thewastegate control mechanism 290, which includes aplug 294 configured to plug theopening 226. Theplug 294 is operably connected to acontrol arm 292 such that movement of the control arm 292 (e.g., via an actuator) can partially or fully open the opening 226 (i.e., for “waste gating” exhaust). - As described herein, a cartridge component may be a single cast piece with or without one or more voids. For example, the
cartridge 205 may be a single cast piece that includes thesupports 234 and thewalls - In the example of
FIG. 2 , thevolute component 250 is a curved wall that includes anupper edge 256 and alower edge 258. Theupper edge 256 abuts the cylindrical wall 236 while thelower edge 258 abuts theupper surface 207 of thecartridge component 205. Theupper edge 256 of thevolute component 250 generally includes at least a portion with an arcuate shape (e.g., matched to abut the cylindrical wall 236). At one end, thevolute component 250 abuts anarched wall 211 of thecartridge component 205, for example, that may define an opening to allow for exhaust to reach a turbine wheel from 360 degrees or approximately 360 degrees. Accordingly, in such an arrangement, thecartridge component 205 and thevolute component 250 form a volute that can receive exhaust and provide exhaust to a turbine wheel space. Further, thewastegate control mechanism 290 can control how much exhaust entering the assembly via theinlet 220 is directed to the turbine wheel space. - As described herein, a cast component can provide a durable shroud or wheel contour (see, e.g., shroud 237). Further, where the
cartridge component 205 is cast, it can provide some degree of burst containment. Specifically, in the example ofFIG. 2 , where thecartridge component 205 is cast, upon burst of a turbine wheel, various features of thecartridge component 205, if remaining intact (e.g. material defining theopening 210, thesupports 234 and the cylindrical wall 238), can help contain and absorb energy from debris, leaving only the spaces between thesupports 234 and anopening 240 defined by thecylindrical wall 238 as possible ejection pathways. - Where the
cartridge component 205 is cast, it can also provide support for attachment to of theturbine housing assembly 200 to a bearing housing (e.g., a turbocharger center housing), for example, via a V-band fixation mechanism as shown inFIG. 2 (see, e.g., mount portion 209) or other fixation mechanism. - As described herein, a cast cartridge component can include a V-band for fixation and a wheel contour. Such a cartridge component can provide various benefits and allow for use of various types of volute components and outlet components. For example, a volute component may be tailored to provide particular operational characteristics. Specifically, a volute component may be shaped to for a particular volute volume, cross-sectional area, cross-sectional shape, etc. Use of a separate volute component can also allow for flow surface modification, for example, polishing, indicia to direct flow, etc. Such parameters may provide for reduced frictional losses and improved flow fields as well as tailoring exhaust flow to a turbine wheel or matching a volute component to a particular turbine wheel or family of turbine wheels, optionally for certain operational conditions (e.g., low load, high load, etc.).
- As described herein, a turbine housing assembly with a cast cartridge component, such as in the
assembly 200, can reduce mass and retention of heat in comparison to an assembly where the volute is also cast. For example, a conventional cast turbine housing with an integral cast volute typically requires more material, contains more mass and will retain more heat. In comparison, where a volute component, such as thevolute component 250, can be made of a material that has a lesser mass, lesser thickness, lesser heat capacity, etc., which may be expected to retain less heat. Further, casting may be simplified for a cartridge component compared to a cast turbine housing with an integral volute. Further, cleaning and examination of features of a cast cartridge may be performed more readily compared to a cast volute where a special tool or tools may be required to clean a cast or examine cast quality (e.g., inner surface of the volute). As described herein, a volute component may be formed from sheet metal, a light-weight high temperature composite material (e.g., ceramic matrix composites), or other material. -
FIG. 3 shows an example of a turbine housing assembly 300 that includes acartridge component 305, avolute component 350 and awastegate outlet component 370. Thecomponents FIG. 3 with respect to a cylindrical coordinate system having an axial “z” coordinate, a radial “r” coordinate and an azimuthal “Θ” coordinate (see, e.g., Beyer, W. H., CRC Standard Mathematical Tables, 28th ed. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, p. 212, 1987). - The
cartridge component 305 is configured to receive exhaust via aninlet 320 of anexhaust conduit 322, where theexhaust conduit 322 may be cast integral to thebase plate 307. Theexhaust conduit 322 has a fitting 312, arib 315 that supports afixture 317 for a wastegate valve, and aplanar surface 326 with awastegate opening 328 for “waste gating” exhaust (e.g., diverting exhaust away from a path to a turbine). In the example ofFIG. 3 , therib 315 extends to a raisedarcuate wall 319 and supports thefixture 317, which is a cylinder with a central bore for receipt of a wastegate valve control shaft. - The
base plate 307 may includeopenings 308 for receipt of rods, bolts, or other components for mounting or fixation of the turbine hosing assembly 300 where theopenings 308 are positioned near a maximal radial dimension of thebase plate 307. As seen in an enlarged view, thebase plate 307 includes anopening 310 configured for receipt of a turbine wheel. Theopening 310 may be defined by a radial dimension slightly larger than a radius of a turbine wheel. - In the example of
FIG. 3 , thecartridge component 305 further includes acylindrical wall 338 with anoutlet 340 andvanes 334 disposed between thecylindrical wall 338 and thebase plate 307 whereadjacent vanes 334 define throats. At trailing edges of thevanes 334, the throats open at agap 330. An axial height of thegap 330 may be defined by an axial dimension of one or more of thevanes 334.Different vanes 334 may differ in axial height and therefore result in a varying height for the gap 330 (e.g., an axial dimension for thegap 330 that varies about the angle Θ). Each of thevanes 334 may be defined via a line passing between a trailing edge and a leading edge where the line forms a vane angle, for example, an angle defined with respect to a radial line extending from the z-axis to the vane's trailing edge. In general, thevanes 334 are fixed (e.g., formed at a fixed vane angle). Each vane may have a particular shape that differs from one or more other vanes, for example, where the shape of a vane depends on position of the vane about the azimuthal angle. In various examples, all vanes may have the same shape, the same height and the same vane angle. - In the example of
FIG. 3 , thevolute component 350 is a curved wall that curves about the azimuthal dimension and that includes aproximal end 352 and adistal end 354 and anupper edge 356 and alower edge 358. As shown in a cross-sectional view for a specific angle Θ, thevolute component 350 has a particular shape; noting that the cross-sectional shape of thevolute component 350 varies with respect to the angle Θ. As described herein, the cross-sectional shape of thevolute component 350 may be tailored to achieve one or more goals. - Upon assembly of the
cartridge component 305 and thevolute component 350, theupper edge 356 abuts thecylindrical wall 338 while thelower edge 358 abuts theupper surface 307 of thecartridge component 305. Further, theproximal end 352 abuts anoutlet 313 of theexhaust conduit 322 and thedistal end 354 abuts anarched wall 311. In such an arrangement, thecartridge component 305 and thevolute component 350 form a volute that can receive exhaust via theconduit 322 and provide exhaust to a turbine wheel space via the throats of thevanes 334. - In the example of
FIG. 3 , thewastegate outlet component 370 is configured with acylindrical wall 374 that extends between and defines aninlet 372 and anoutlet 376 as well asside walls upper wall 386 that extend from thecylindrical wall 374 and anend wall 385, which collectively form in conjunction with thearcuate wall 319 and theplanar surface 326 of thecartridge component 305, a wastegate chamber 380 (see, e.g.,FIGS. 6 , 8 and 11). Thecylindrical wall 374 has anedge 388 associated with theupper wall 386 defines, in part, an outlet for thewastegate chamber 380. - The
wastegate outlet component 370 may be seated with respect to thecartridge component 305 such that theoutlet 340 of thecartridge component 305 provides for flow of exhaust to theinlet 372 of thewastegate outlet component 370. As mentioned, thewalls planar surface 326 and thearcuate wall 319 of thecartridge component 305 to form thewastegate chamber 380 where an opening is formed between thearcuate wall 319 and theedge 388 of thewastegate outlet component 370, the opening configured for receipt of exhaust from the chamber 380 (e.g., upon opening of the exhaust opening 328). - As shown in
FIG. 3 , theoutlet component 370 functions as an extension of thecylindrical wall 338 of thecartridge component 305 as well as a cover (e.g., sides 382, 384, 385 and 386) that defines, in part, thewastegate chamber 380. As described herein, axial dimensions of thecylindrical wall 338 and thearcuate wall 319 may be minimized to reduce weight yet be sufficient to provide integrity, form an ample shroud for a turbine wheel, etc. Theoutlet component 370 may be made from a material that differs from that of thecartridge component 305. - As described herein, an assembly can include a cast cartridge component that includes a base plate having an opening configured for receipt of a turbine wheel, a cylindrical wall that includes a shroud portion, one or more supports disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate, an exhaust conduit that includes an inlet, an outlet and a wastegate opening positioned intermediate the inlet and the outlet, and a substantially planar surface integral to the exhaust conduit, the wastegate opening located on the planar surface; and a wastegate outlet component that includes a cylindrical portion that extends between and defines an inlet and an outlet, and a cover portion configured to cover the substantially planar surface of the cast cartridge component to form a wastegate chamber where one or more openings provide for flow of exhaust from the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion.
- In the foregoing example, the cartridge component can include at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component. In such an example, an arcuate wall (e.g., the wall 319) can define, at least in part, at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component. Where a wall of the
cartridge component 305 extends to, for example, theedge 388, the wall can include notches, apertures or other features to form one or more openings. In various examples, an edge of a cover portion can define, at least in part, at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust form the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion of the wastegate outlet component. Accordingly, as described herein, an arcuate wall and an edge of a wastegate outlet portion can define one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust from a wastegate chamber to a cylindrical portion of a wastegate outlet component. - While various examples include a cartridge component defining one or more openings for flow from a wastegate chamber, a wastegate outlet component can include at least one of the one or more openings that provide for flow of exhaust from a wastegate chamber to a cylindrical portion.
- As shown in various examples, a cartridge component can include a rib that extends axially from the exhaust conduit and that defines an edge of a planar surface that forms part of a chamber and an arcuate wall that extends axially from a cylindrical wall and that defines an edge of the planar surface. As described herein, a cartridge component can include a rib that extends from an exhaust conduit where the rib is configured to support a wastegate valve control mechanism.
- As described herein, an assembly can further include a curved wall with a proximal end and a distal end, and an upper edge and a lower edge where joinder of the proximal end and an outlet of an exhaust conduit, joinder of the upper edge and a cylindrical wall and joinder of the lower edge and a base plate forms a volute configured to direct exhaust received via an inlet of the exhaust conduit to a turbine wheel via one or more openings disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate. In the foregoing example, the curved wall can have a shape that corresponds to a specific turbine wheel. Further such a curved wall may be selected from multiple curved walls having different shapes.
- As shown in various examples, an exhaust conduit has an axis oriented substantially parallel to a plane defined by a base plate and a cylindrical wall has an axis oriented substantially perpendicular to a plane defined by the base plate. The cartridge component can include a socket configured for joinder with a distal end of a curved wall where the socket is optionally integral with an exhaust conduit.
- As described herein, one or more supports can define one or more openings disposed between a cylindrical wall and a base plate. In various examples, at least one of the one or more supports can be a vane. For example, all of the supports can be vanes where adjacent vanes define throats to direct exhaust to a turbine wheel space defined by the cast cartridge component.
-
FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of thecartridge component 305 ofFIG. 3 . InFIG. 4 , theplanar surface 326 is shown as including anedge 314 that meets therib 315 and thewall 319 as well as theoutlet 313 and anedge 316 that extends from theoutlet 313 to therib 315. In the example ofFIG. 4 , theplanar surface 326 is cast integral to theexhaust conduit 322 and includes thewastegate opening 328. While thesurface 326 inFIG. 4 is substantially planar, in other examples it may have a different shape yet still define, in part, a wastegate chamber such as thechamber 380. - In operation, a wastegate valve regulates flow of exhaust from the
exhaust conduit 322 through thewastegate opening 328 and into the chamber 380 (e.g., as regulated by a regulator, which may optionally include a processor and processor-executable instructions). Exhaust exits thechamber 380 via an opening defined by the upper end of thearcuate wall 319 and anedge 388 of thewastegate outlet component 370. Exhaust flowing through thewastegate opening 328 bypasses the volute formed by thecartridge component 305 and thevolute component 350 and hence does not contribute to rotation of a turbine wheel received by theopening 310 of thebase plate 307 of thecartridge component 305. - As mentioned, the
cartridge component 305 may be cast and have rigidity sufficient to mount or clamp other components of a turbocharger (e.g., a bearing housing). Further, the size of various features of thecartridge component 305 may be minimized to conserve mass yet still provide sufficient rigidity to receive other components. - While not shown, a volute component and a wastegate outlet component may be formed integrally or first connected and attached to a cartridge component. In such an example, the cartridge component still serves as a rigid component for receipt of the component or components that include the volute and wastegate outlet features. In another example, an arcuate wall may include one or more openings for exhaust to exit an exhaust wastegate chamber. In such an example, a cover component may be configured to meet the top edge of the wall. Various other configurations are possible where, at least, an exhaust wastegate chamber is formed that includes and exit for exhaust received via an opening in an exhaust conduit. Further, while the examples of
FIGS. 3 and 4 show thefixture 317 as a cylinder with a bore, in other examples, a control mechanism for theopening 328 may be configured differently yet still allow for regulation of exhaust from an exhaust conduit to an exhaust wastegate chamber (e.g., via an ECU or other regulation device). -
FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of anassembly 500 that includes thecartridge component 305 and thevolute component 350. InFIG. 5 , thearched wall 311 defines an opening for receipt of thedistal end 354 of thevolute component 350. As shown, therib 315 has an axial height approximately the same as thearcuate wall 319. As mentioned, therib 315 and thearcuate wall 319 are configured to cooperate with thewastegate outlet component 370. Theside 382 of thewastegate outlet component 370 may include a cut-out portion that conforms to the shape of thefixture 317 supported by therib 315. For example, theside 382 may include an arcuate cut-out to match the shape of thecylindrical fixture 317. -
FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of anassembly 600 that includes thecartridge component 305, thevolute component 350 and thewastegate outlet component 370. InFIG. 6 , these components are positioned (e.g., assembled with appropriate alignment) and ready for joinder. Per the alignment of components inFIG. 6 , joints exist between thebase plate 307 and thelower edge 358 of thevolute component 350, between theoutlet 313 of theconduit 322 and theend 352 of thevolute component 350, between theupper edge 356 of thevolute component 350 and thecylindrical wall 338, between theinlet 372 of thewastegate outlet component 370 and theoutlet 340 of thecylindrical wall 338, between theplanar surface 326 of thecartridge component 305 and theside 384 of the wastegate outlet component 370 (see, e.g., edge 316) as well as between theplanar surface 326 and theside 385, between therib 315 and theside 382, between thefixture 317 and theside 382, and between theend 354 of thevolute component 350 and thearched wall 311 of thecartridge component 305. -
FIG. 6 shows thechamber 380 as well as thearcuate wall 319 where thewall 319 of thecartridge component 305 and theedge 388 of thewastegate outlet component 370 define an opening for flow of exhaust from thechamber 380 to the cylindrical portion of thewastegate outlet component 370. - As described herein, various components may be joined by any of a variety of techniques. For example, chemical, mechanical or thermal techniques may be used to join and seal various components.
-
FIGS. 7 and 8 show perspective views of anassembly 700 that includes thecartridge component 305, thevolute component 350 and thewastegate outlet component 370 as well as acontrol valve mechanism 390 for control of thewastegate opening 328 where thecontrol valve mechanism 390 includes acontrol arm 392. - In
FIGS. 7 and 8 , hatched lines indicate joinder of the various components via welds that exist between thebase plate 307 and thelower edge 358 of thevolute component 350, between theoutlet 313 of theconduit 322 and theend 352 of thevolute component 350, between theupper edge 356 of thevolute component 350 and thecylindrical wall 338, between theinlet 372 of thewastegate outlet component 370 and theoutlet 340 of thecylindrical wall 338, between theplanar surface 326 of thecartridge component 305 and theside 384 of thewastegate outlet component 370 as well as between theplanar surface 326 and theside 385, between therib 315 and theside 382, between thefixture 317 and theside 382, and between theend 354 of thevolute component 350 and thearched wall 311 of thecartridge component 305. Welds may be made via any of a variety of processes (thermal, chemical, etc.), which may depend on materials of construction of the various components. Depending on configuration, other types of joinder may be employed (e.g., where risk of exhaust leakage is acceptably minimized). -
FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of anassembly 900 that includes aheat shield 905 as well as a side view of theheat shield 905. Such a heat shield can shield components from thermal radiation emitted by a turbine during and after operation (e.g., during cool down). In the example ofFIG. 9 , theheat shield 905 includesfixation openings 908,spacers 909, acentral opening 910 as well as atongue 912 that extends in a direction along the axis of theconduit 322.FIG. 9 also shows alip 306 that surrounds theopening 310 of thecartridge component 305. - In the example of
FIG. 9 , thespacers 908 may be stamped or otherwise formed in a flat piece of material (e.g., metal, composite material, etc.). The spacers 808 ensure that a substantiallyflat portion 907 ofheat shield 905 is maintained a distance from thebase component 305, for example, to provide a space for air. Addition of theshield 900 does not require any additional fasteners, for example, as shown in the assembly ofFIG. 12 . -
FIG. 10 shows an example of aburst shield 1005. Theburst shield 1005 includes abase 1007 and awall 1010 havingends upper edge 1020. Thebase 1007 includesopenings 1008 for mounting to a turbine housing assembly. The ends 1014 and 1018 define a gap, for example, of sufficient width to accommodate a conduit and optionally features of a wastegate control mechanism of a turbine housing assembly. -
FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of anassembly 1100 that includes thecartridge component 305, thevolute component 350, thewastegate outlet component 370, thewastegate control mechanism 390 withcontrol arm 392 and a burst shield 1105. The burst shield 1105 has features similar to the burst shield ofFIG. 10 but further includes acover portion 1120. Thecover 1120 and the surroundingwall 1110 present barriers to debris in the instance a burst occurs. These features also act as barriers to heat transfer, which can diminish radiation and shorten warm up times of a turbine assembly. Diminishing radiation can be important to reduce impact on surrounding components, for example, electrical components that may be sensitive to external radiation. As shown inFIG. 11 ,openings 1108 of the burst shield 1105 align with theopenings 308 of thebase plate 307 of thecartridge component 305. Further, the burst shield 1105 is configured such that theends 1114 and 1118 provide clearance for theconduit 322 of thecartridge component 305 and thecontrol arm 392 of thecontrol mechanism 390. -
FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of anassembly 1200 that includes some components of the assembly ofFIG. 11 , theheat shield 905 ofFIG. 9 , awastegate actuator 1210 to operate thecontrol arm 392 of thecontrol mechanism 390, afluid conduit 1220, a bearinghousing 1240 and acompressor assembly 1280. In the example ofFIG. 12 ,rods 1208 extend from theburst shield 1005 to thecompressor assembly 1280 and clamp the bearinghousing 1240. Thecartridge component 305 provides structural rigidity and integrity to support clamping of the bearinghousing 1240 between a turbine and a compressor. Theheat shield 905 allows for thefluid conduit 1220 to be mounted without directly contacting thecartridge component 305. Thefluid conduit 1220 can allow for flow of a cooling fluid to remove heat from theassembly 1200, particularly heat transferred to theheat shield 905. - As shown in the example of
FIG. 12 , thewastegate actuator 1210 may be attached, in part, to thecompressor assembly 1280. Adetachment mechanism 1212 may allow for disassembly of some components of theactuator 1210 such that therods 1208 may be removed and the turbine assembly and other pieces taken apart without detaching thewastegate actuator 1210 from thecompressor assembly 1280. -
FIG. 13 shows an example of a center housing andfluid jacket assembly 1300. Thecenter housing 1340 includes acompressor end 1342 and a base 1350 with afixation feature 1352, for example, to fix a turbocharger to an engine assembly. Thefluid jacket 1320 includes acompressor end 1322 and aturbine end 1328. In the view ofFIG. 13 , anopening 1332 is shown as associated with aconduit 1334. A U.S. patent application entitled “Turbocharger bearing housing assembly”, having Ser. No. 12/838,317 and filed Jul. 16, 2010 describes details of various housing and fluid jacket assemblies and is incorporated herein by reference. -
FIG. 14 shows thecenter housing 1340 andfluid jacket 1320 of theassembly 1300 ofFIG. 13 . Thecenter housing 1340 includes the compressor end and aturbine end 1348 and, positioned between these two ends, a bearinghousing portion 1344 with abore 1345 configured for receipt of a bearing system (e.g., one or more bearings and a shaft). As described herein, thecenter housing 1340 can be configured for attachment to thecartridge component 305, optionally with thefluid jacket 1320 or theheat shield 905 or both thefluid jacket 1320 and theheat shield 905. - In the example of
FIG. 14 , thefluid jacket 1320 includes acentral portion 1324 located between thecompressor end 1322 and theturbine end 1328 where abore 1325 exists together with a cut-out portion 1326 configured for positioning thefluid jacket 1320 with respect to thecenter housing 1340. Anotherconduit 1336 is also show with anopening 1338. Theopenings fluid jacket 1320. -
FIG. 15 shows an example of anassembly 1500 that includes a turbine assembly with a wastegate mounted to acenter housing 1590 that supports ashaft 1597. In the example ofFIG. 15 , the turbine assembly includes abase portion 1507, acylindrical portion 1538 and avolute wall 1550 that has at one end anopening portion 1555 that forms an opening 1520 (e.g., an inlet for exhaust). Theopening portion 1555 that may be configured as a fixture for attachment to an exhaust conduit. Hence, in this example, the fixture or fitting for an exhaust conduit is formed as part of thevolute wall 1550 in contrast to some other examples where a cast portion forms a fixture of fitting. In the example ofFIG. 15 , thevolute wall 1550 includes awastegate opening 1557 that allows exhaust gas to bypass a turbine wheel mounted in the housing and to ultimately exit via theopening 1576. Thewastegate component 1570 includes acontrol arm 1595 for actuation of a wastegate valve disposed in theassembly 1500 that allows for control of exhaust flow via thewastegate opening 1557 of thevolute wall 1550. - As described herein, an assembly can include a cast cartridge component that includes a base plate having an opening configured for receipt of a turbine wheel, a cylindrical wall that includes a shroud portion, and one or more supports disposed between the cylindrical wall and the base plate; a curved wall component that includes a proximal end and a distal end, a wastegate opening disposed between the proximal end and the distal end, and an upper edge and a lower edge, where the proximal end of the curved wall forms an inlet for exhaust and where joinder of the upper edge and the cylindrical wall and joinder of the lower edge and the base plate forms a volute configured to direct exhaust received via the inlet to a turbine wheel via the throats; and a wastegate outlet component that includes a cylindrical portion that extends between and defines an inlet and an outlet, and a cover portion configured to cover a portion of the curved wall, the portion having the wastegate opening, to form a wastegate chamber where one or more openings provide for flow of exhaust from the wastegate chamber to the cylindrical portion.
-
FIG. 16 shows an ascenter housing 1600 that includes anintegral burst shield 1605. Thehousing 1600 may be cast and of sufficient integrity to impede debris in the instance of aburst turbine wheel 1610. Theshield 1605 has a cylindrical shape with a cutout portion to accommodate an exhaust inlet for a volute. A turbine housing may be mounted onto thecenter housing 1600. As shown in the example ofFIG. 16 , theshield 1605 rises to at least the height of an exducer portion of theturbine wheel 1610. -
FIG. 17 shows a block diagram of a method 1700 for assembling turbocharger components. The method 1700 includes providing acast cartridge component 1710 and providing awastegate outlet component 1720. Ajoin block 1730 includes joining the cast cartridge component and the wastegate outlet component. A clamp block 1740 includes clamping a bearing housing to the cast cartridge component. - With respect to the cast cartridge component and the wastegate outlet component, these components may include features of the
components component 350 ofFIG. 3 . Thejoin block 1730 optionally includes welding the wastegate outlet component to the cast cartridge component, which forms a wastegate chamber. The clamp block 1740 optionally includes clamping the bearing housing between the cast cartridge component and a compressor housing using, for example, rods that extend between the cast cartridge component and the compressor housing without contacting the bearing housing. Such an approach can reduce heat transfer between a turbine housing and a bearing housing. Further, such an approach can allow for enhance air flow to a bearing housing, which can enhance heat transfer from a bearing housing. - The method 1700 optionally includes mounting a heat shield to the cast cartridge prior to the clamping. The method 1700 optionally includes mounting a burst shield to the cast cartridge component prior to the clamping. The method 1700 optionally includes mounting a heat shield and mounting a burst shield to the cast cartridge component prior to the clamping. As described herein, clamping may help secure a heat shield, a burst shield or both a heat shield and a burst shield, for example, as shown in the
assembly 1200 ofFIG. 12 . The bearing housing may be thecenter housing 1340 optionally with thefluid jacket 1320 ofFIGS. 13 and 14 . - Although some examples of methods, devices, assemblies, systems, arrangements, etc., have been illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and described in the foregoing Detailed Description, it will be understood that the example embodiments disclosed are not limiting, but are capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the spirit set forth and defined by the following claims.
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/869,343 US9021802B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Turbine housing assembly with wastegate |
EP11177475.8A EP2423446B1 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2011-08-12 | Turbine housing assembly with wastegate |
CN201110305398.6A CN102400720B (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2011-08-25 | With the turbine cylinder assembly of wastegate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/869,343 US9021802B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Turbine housing assembly with wastegate |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20120047887A1 true US20120047887A1 (en) | 2012-03-01 |
US9021802B2 US9021802B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/869,343 Active 2033-08-04 US9021802B2 (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Turbine housing assembly with wastegate |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9021802B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2423446B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102400720B (en) |
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US20130247560A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger Cartridge and Engine Cylinder Head Assembly |
US20130247565A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger Cartridge, Bypass, and Engine Cylinder Head Assembly |
DE102012208044A1 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-14 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Annular heat shield i.e. deep-drawn sheet metal part, for turbo supercharger system of motor car, has interior and external periphery contours including curve-like sections and circularly formed in circumferential direction of shield |
DE102012209560A1 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-12 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turbine housing for turbocharger, has contour component that is provided with sealing contour realized as cast portion or forging device welded to neighboring housing portions |
DE102012209562A1 (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-12 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turbine housing for an exhaust gas turbocharger |
US8955318B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-02-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger cartridge and engine cylinder head assembly |
US9091200B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-07-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger and engine cylinder head assembly |
US11555439B2 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2023-01-17 | Fca Us Llc | Cylinder head with integrated turbocharger |
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JP2014227930A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-12-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Turbine housing of turbocharger |
US9163556B2 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2015-10-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbine wastegate |
US9657636B2 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-05-23 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Wastegate assembly in a turbine |
US10138803B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2018-11-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Wastegate for an engine system |
US10125671B2 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2018-11-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Wastegate for an engine system |
US10544703B2 (en) | 2017-01-30 | 2020-01-28 | Garrett Transportation I Inc. | Sheet metal turbine housing with cast core |
DE102018114093A1 (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | Man Energy Solutions Se | Burst protection device for a gas turbine engine |
US11732729B2 (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2023-08-22 | Garrett Transportation I Inc | Sheet metal turbine housing |
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US9091200B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-07-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger and engine cylinder head assembly |
US20130247565A1 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger Cartridge, Bypass, and Engine Cylinder Head Assembly |
US8955318B2 (en) | 2012-03-21 | 2015-02-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger cartridge and engine cylinder head assembly |
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US11555439B2 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2023-01-17 | Fca Us Llc | Cylinder head with integrated turbocharger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2423446A3 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN102400720B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
CN102400720A (en) | 2012-04-04 |
EP2423446B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
US9021802B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 |
EP2423446A2 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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