US20110284189A1 - Reusable high temperature thermal protection system - Google Patents
Reusable high temperature thermal protection system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110284189A1 US20110284189A1 US13/113,965 US201113113965A US2011284189A1 US 20110284189 A1 US20110284189 A1 US 20110284189A1 US 201113113965 A US201113113965 A US 201113113965A US 2011284189 A1 US2011284189 A1 US 2011284189A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- pcm
- heat shield
- casing
- open cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/24—Heat or noise insulation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/005—Combined with pressure or heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/612—Foam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to heat shields and more particularly relates to a thermal protection method and system for heat shields.
- Heat shields are used in the aerospace industry for vehicles and engines that operate in high temperature environments.
- the state of the art in aerospace heat shields is radiative protection. Utilizing a material that has extreme high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, and high emissivity, this material is applied to the leading edge or nosecone of a vehicle. The heat that is generated there gets transferred into the material, and then conducted up the vehicle, before being radiated out at a cooler section of the vehicle.
- the state of the art has three main problems that have prevented its use on all vehicles and engines: weight, brittleness, and manufacturability.
- the materials that have the high temperature resistance usually some compound of hafnium or zirconium, are all very dense.
- Radiative heat shields require acreage coverage, having a continuous shield from the bottom to top of a vehicle to work properly. Large coverage with a dense material forces the heat shield to be very heavy. These materials are also very brittle, meaning that they cannot be used to help support the loads generated by the vehicle or engine. Last, also due to the material brittleness, manufacturing smooth shapes out of the material is difficult. Accordingly what is desired is a system and method that addresses the above identified issues. The system and method should be easy to implement, cost effective, and adaptable to existing environments. The present invention addresses such a need.
- a reusable phase change material (PCM) heat shield comprises: a thermally conductive casing, PCM, thermally conductive open cell foam, and heat pipes.
- the heat flows through the casing and open cell foam into the PCM, heating it up.
- the PCM changes phase twice, from solid to liquid.
- heat pipes begin to draw heat away from the PCM to a secondary location that re-radiates the heat away.
- the open cell foam serves to help channel heat into the PCM.
- the PCM heat shield can be used for thermal protection of an atmospheric entry vehicle (ARV).
- ARV atmospheric entry vehicle
- the PCM heat shield may be applied to an aircraft engine to transfer extracted heat to preheat incoming air.
- the PCM heat shield is integrated into the structure of a spacecraft, and used to both carry loads and protect against high temperatures.
- FIG. 1 shows the six components of the heat shield.
- FIG. 2 illustrates how the heat shield diffuses incoming heat.
- FIG. 3 shows how the heat is removed from the system.
- FIG. 4 shows one variation of the system, designed for use on atmospheric reentry vehicles (ARV's).
- ARV's atmospheric reentry vehicles
- FIG. 5 shows how the nylon layer is created.
- the present invention relates generally to heat shields and more particularly relates to a thermal protection method and system for heat shields.
- the following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a patent application and its requirements.
- Various modifications to the preferred embodiment and the generic principles and features described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
- the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiment shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features described herein.
- the objective of the present invention is to provide lighter, more robust, more manufacturable heat protection for use in high temperature environments solving the problems described above.
- the present invention is a heat diffusion and storage device used for thermal protection. It protects by storing and channeling heat to other parts of the system.
- the casing and inlaid foam channels heat into a phase change material.
- the phase change material lowers the system temperature to allow the use of more common materials to radiate heat out.
- FIG. 1 shows the six components of the heat shield: a metallic casing such as a titanium beta 21 S alloy casing 100 , nylon coating on the inside of the casing 101 , aluminum open cell metal foam 104 , heat pipes 105 , and attachment standoffs 106 .
- the thermally conductive casing 100 and foam 104 transfer incoming heat into the nylon 102 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates how the heat shield diffuses incoming heat.
- the heat is absorbed by the nylon 101 , allowing the casing 100 to be exposed to high heat fluxes for limited periods of time.
- the nylon 101 absorbs heat by heating up as a solid, then changing phase. The heat absorbed during the phase change caps the maximum temperature approximately to the solid-liquid temperature.
- FIG. 3 shows how the heat is removed from the system.
- FIG. 4 shows one variation of the system, designed for use on atmospheric reentry vehicles (ARV's). It utilizes the vehicle trajectory dynamics to maximize heat transfer. All ARV's undergo moderate to high accelerations during the entry. In this heat shield design, the accelerations are used to both to stratify liquid/solid mixtures. The degree of heating faced by an ATV is proportional to the magnitude of acceleration experienced. In this variation of the system, due to the presence of an oxidizing environment, the system temperature is kept below a specified limit, to minimize the oxidation rate of the casing. Metal is used as the casing material 100 to increase both system impact resistance and manufacturability.
- ARV's atmospheric reentry vehicles
- the system can mitigate effects for a time by decomposing all of the nylon 103 .
- pressure will be created in the casing, and after a specified pressure is reached, relief valves 106 located on the side of the system will evacuate the decomposed nylon, dumping the heat from the system.
- This additional safety makes this heat shield design more robust, allowing it to be put through punishing environments without needing extensive material checks.
- FIG. 5 shows how the nylon layer 102 is created.
- the nylon 102 must be poured into the casing as a liquid, and then be allowed to solidify. Once solid, the nylon 102 must go through at least three phase change cycles under applied pressure to ensure there are no voids inside the solid. Once the nylon 102 is in-place, the heat pipes 105 and aluminum metal foam 104 is inlaid into the titanium beta 21 S metal casing 100 .
- contact resistance can be minimized, ensuring no hot spots form anywhere in the system.
- the size of the aluminum 7075 metal foam 104 pores is also crucial.
- the pores must be large enough to allow nylon to flow through without being blocked by surface tension, and small enough to ensure the nylon is heated evenly.
- the pores in the foam 104 must also be open, to allow liquids and gasses to flow through the foam 104 .
- the foam 104 is shaped to form fit into the casing 100 , to allow easy fitting when the system is cool.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
A reusable phase change material (PCM) heat shield is disclosed. The heat shield comprises: a thermally conductive casing, PCM, thermally conductive open cell foam, and heat pipes. The heat flows through the casing and open cell foam into the PCM, heating it up. The PCM changes phase twice, from solid to liquid. During the solid liquid phase change, heat pipes begin to draw heat away from the PCM to a secondary location that re-radiates the heat away. The open cell foam serves to help channel hear into the PCM. In one embodiment, the PCM heat shield can be used for thermal protection of an atmospheric entry vehicle (ARV). In another, the PCM heat shield may be applied to an aircraft engine to transfer extracted heat to preheat incoming air. In another, the PCM heat shield is integrated into the structure of a spacecraft, and used to both carry loads and protect against high temperatures.
Description
- Under 35 USC 119(e), this application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/347,759, entitled “REUSABLE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEM,” filed on May 24, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates generally to heat shields and more particularly relates to a thermal protection method and system for heat shields.
- Heat shields are used in the aerospace industry for vehicles and engines that operate in high temperature environments. The state of the art in aerospace heat shields is radiative protection. Utilizing a material that has extreme high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, and high emissivity, this material is applied to the leading edge or nosecone of a vehicle. The heat that is generated there gets transferred into the material, and then conducted up the vehicle, before being radiated out at a cooler section of the vehicle. The state of the art has three main problems that have prevented its use on all vehicles and engines: weight, brittleness, and manufacturability. The materials that have the high temperature resistance, usually some compound of hafnium or zirconium, are all very dense. Radiative heat shields require acreage coverage, having a continuous shield from the bottom to top of a vehicle to work properly. Large coverage with a dense material forces the heat shield to be very heavy. These materials are also very brittle, meaning that they cannot be used to help support the loads generated by the vehicle or engine. Last, also due to the material brittleness, manufacturing smooth shapes out of the material is difficult. Accordingly what is desired is a system and method that addresses the above identified issues. The system and method should be easy to implement, cost effective, and adaptable to existing environments. The present invention addresses such a need.
- Accordingly, what is desired is to provide a system and method that overcomes the above issues. The present invention addresses such a need.
- A reusable phase change material (PCM) heat shield is disclosed. The heat shield comprises: a thermally conductive casing, PCM, thermally conductive open cell foam, and heat pipes. The heat flows through the casing and open cell foam into the PCM, heating it up. The PCM changes phase twice, from solid to liquid. During the solid liquid phase change, heat pipes begin to draw heat away from the PCM to a secondary location that re-radiates the heat away. The open cell foam serves to help channel heat into the PCM.
- In one embodiment, the PCM heat shield can be used for thermal protection of an atmospheric entry vehicle (ARV). In another, the PCM heat shield may be applied to an aircraft engine to transfer extracted heat to preheat incoming air. In another, the PCM heat shield is integrated into the structure of a spacecraft, and used to both carry loads and protect against high temperatures.
- Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating by way of example the principles of the invention.
-
FIG. 1 shows the six components of the heat shield. -
FIG. 2 illustrates how the heat shield diffuses incoming heat. -
FIG. 3 shows how the heat is removed from the system. -
FIG. 4 shows one variation of the system, designed for use on atmospheric reentry vehicles (ARV's). -
FIG. 5 shows how the nylon layer is created. - The present invention relates generally to heat shields and more particularly relates to a thermal protection method and system for heat shields. The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention and is provided in the context of a patent application and its requirements. Various modifications to the preferred embodiment and the generic principles and features described herein will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiment shown but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features described herein.
- The objective of the present invention is to provide lighter, more robust, more manufacturable heat protection for use in high temperature environments solving the problems described above.
- To achieve the above objective, the invention pertains to both the heat shield and method of heat shield operation. The present invention is a heat diffusion and storage device used for thermal protection. It protects by storing and channeling heat to other parts of the system. The casing and inlaid foam channels heat into a phase change material. The phase change material lowers the system temperature to allow the use of more common materials to radiate heat out. The following figures further explain how the device functions.
-
FIG. 1 shows the six components of the heat shield: a metallic casing such as a titanium beta21 S alloy casing 100, nylon coating on the inside of thecasing 101, aluminum opencell metal foam 104,heat pipes 105, andattachment standoffs 106. The thermallyconductive casing 100 andfoam 104 transfer incoming heat into thenylon 102. -
FIG. 2 illustrates how the heat shield diffuses incoming heat. The heat is absorbed by thenylon 101, allowing thecasing 100 to be exposed to high heat fluxes for limited periods of time. Thenylon 101 absorbs heat by heating up as a solid, then changing phase. The heat absorbed during the phase change caps the maximum temperature approximately to the solid-liquid temperature. -
FIG. 3 shows how the heat is removed from the system. Once the nylon begins to change phase to a liquid, a bank ofheat pipes 105 inlaid in the nylon activate to take heat away. The liquid solidifies as the heat is transferred to a cooler part of the system for eventual removal to the environment, such as by radiation into space. This cycle allows the full thermal utility of the nylon to be used, minimizing dead weight. It also lowers the system temperature, allowing themetal casing 100 to retain enough strength to carry structural loads. These two aspects help this heat shield design be lighter than the state of the art. -
FIG. 4 shows one variation of the system, designed for use on atmospheric reentry vehicles (ARV's). It utilizes the vehicle trajectory dynamics to maximize heat transfer. All ARV's undergo moderate to high accelerations during the entry. In this heat shield design, the accelerations are used to both to stratify liquid/solid mixtures. The degree of heating faced by an ATV is proportional to the magnitude of acceleration experienced. In this variation of the system, due to the presence of an oxidizing environment, the system temperature is kept below a specified limit, to minimize the oxidation rate of the casing. Metal is used as thecasing material 100 to increase both system impact resistance and manufacturability. Also, in this variation, if the radiation heat transfer stops, or reverses, the system can mitigate effects for a time by decomposing all of the nylon 103. As the nylon 103 decomposes, pressure will be created in the casing, and after a specified pressure is reached,relief valves 106 located on the side of the system will evacuate the decomposed nylon, dumping the heat from the system. This additional safety makes this heat shield design more robust, allowing it to be put through punishing environments without needing extensive material checks. - During assembly of the device, special attention must be given to the contact resistance. In this design, no gap must be present between the casing, nylon, water ice, and metal foam.
-
FIG. 5 shows how thenylon layer 102 is created. To ensure there are no gaps, thenylon 102 must be poured into the casing as a liquid, and then be allowed to solidify. Once solid, thenylon 102 must go through at least three phase change cycles under applied pressure to ensure there are no voids inside the solid. Once thenylon 102 is in-place, theheat pipes 105 andaluminum metal foam 104 is inlaid into the titanium beta21 S metal casing 100. - Thus, following these steps, contact resistance can be minimized, ensuring no hot spots form anywhere in the system.
- The size of the aluminum 7075
metal foam 104 pores is also crucial. The pores must be large enough to allow nylon to flow through without being blocked by surface tension, and small enough to ensure the nylon is heated evenly. The pores in thefoam 104 must also be open, to allow liquids and gasses to flow through thefoam 104. Thefoam 104 is shaped to form fit into thecasing 100, to allow easy fitting when the system is cool. - Although the present invention has been described in accordance with the embodiments shown, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that there could be variations to the embodiments and those variations would be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, many modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A heat shield comprises:
a thermally conductive casing;
a phase change material (PCM) coupled to the casing;
thermally conductive open cell foam coupled to the PCM; and
a plurality of heat pipes coupled to the foam, wherein the heat flows through the casing and open cell foam into the PCM, wherein the PCM changes phase twice, from solid to liquid, during the solid liquid phase change the heat pipes begin to draw heat away from the PCM to a secondary location that re-radiates the heat.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/113,965 US20110284189A1 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-23 | Reusable high temperature thermal protection system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US34775910P | 2010-05-24 | 2010-05-24 | |
US13/113,965 US20110284189A1 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-23 | Reusable high temperature thermal protection system |
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US20110284189A1 true US20110284189A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
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US13/113,965 Abandoned US20110284189A1 (en) | 2010-05-24 | 2011-05-23 | Reusable high temperature thermal protection system |
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Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103269571A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Quick response energy storing heat dissipation plate |
US20140284020A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2014-09-25 | The Boeing Company | Energy storage and thermal management using phase change materials in conjunction with heat pipes and foils, foams or other porous media |
US8893513B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2014-11-25 | Phononic Device, Inc. | Thermoelectric heat exchanger component including protective heat spreading lid and optimal thermal interface resistance |
JP2015055470A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-23 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーTheBoeing Company | Energy storage and thermal management using phase change materials in conjunction with heat pipes and foils, foams or other porous media |
US8991194B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2015-03-31 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Parallel thermoelectric heat exchange systems |
US20150124407A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | High-temperature environment electronic chassis |
CN104729338A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | Gradient metal foam heat dissipation device |
DE202015100963U1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-03-01 | Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh | Heat shield and arrangement with such a heat shield |
US9475261B2 (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-10-25 | The Boeing Company | Dual layer sandwich for thermal management |
US9475593B2 (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-10-25 | The Boeing Company | Dual layer sandwich for thermal management |
US9548504B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2017-01-17 | University Of Connecticut | Utilizing phase change material, heat pipes, and fuel cells for aircraft applications |
US9593871B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2017-03-14 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Systems and methods for operating a thermoelectric module to increase efficiency |
US20190024985A1 (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2019-01-24 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Multifunctional thermal management system and related method |
US10458683B2 (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2019-10-29 | Phononic, Inc. | Systems and methods for mitigating heat rejection limitations of a thermoelectric module |
CN112743944A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Sheet for engine air inlet pipe, preparation method of sheet and engine air inlet pipe applying sheet |
CN113260772A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2021-08-13 | Gkn航空公司 | Aircraft engine circulation system with thermally induced phase change material |
US11571978B2 (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2023-02-07 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Passively cooled high power electric cable, system and method |
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US20190024985A1 (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2019-01-24 | University Of Virginia Patent Foundation | Multifunctional thermal management system and related method |
US9548504B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2017-01-17 | University Of Connecticut | Utilizing phase change material, heat pipes, and fuel cells for aircraft applications |
US20140284020A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2014-09-25 | The Boeing Company | Energy storage and thermal management using phase change materials in conjunction with heat pipes and foils, foams or other porous media |
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US8991194B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2015-03-31 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Parallel thermoelectric heat exchange systems |
US9341394B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2016-05-17 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Thermoelectric heat exchange system comprising cascaded cold side heat sinks |
US9103572B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2015-08-11 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Physically separated hot side and cold side heat sinks in a thermoelectric refrigeration system |
US9234682B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2016-01-12 | Phononic Devices, Inc. | Two-phase heat exchanger mounting |
US8893513B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2014-11-25 | Phononic Device, Inc. | Thermoelectric heat exchanger component including protective heat spreading lid and optimal thermal interface resistance |
CN103269571A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-28 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Quick response energy storing heat dissipation plate |
JP2015055470A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-23 | ザ・ボーイング・カンパニーTheBoeing Company | Energy storage and thermal management using phase change materials in conjunction with heat pipes and foils, foams or other porous media |
CN104457362A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-25 | 波音公司 | Energy storage and thermal management using phase change materials in conjunction with heat pipes and foils, foams or other porous media |
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US20150124407A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | High-temperature environment electronic chassis |
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