US20110229272A1 - Drill tip for foundation pile - Google Patents
Drill tip for foundation pile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110229272A1 US20110229272A1 US12/885,320 US88532010A US2011229272A1 US 20110229272 A1 US20110229272 A1 US 20110229272A1 US 88532010 A US88532010 A US 88532010A US 2011229272 A1 US2011229272 A1 US 2011229272A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- section
- diameter
- bottom edge
- drill tip
- foundation pile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/56—Screw piles
Definitions
- This invention is directed to rotary foundation pile drilling technology and in particular to a drill tip for screw-type foundation piles that has an improved ability to penetrate the soil.
- Deep foundations are widely used as foundation elements for structures.
- Two well known classes of piles are non-displacement piles and displacement piles.
- the former are installed by excavating a cylinder of soil from the ground and replacing it with some form of reinforcement, commonly, concrete.
- some form of reinforcement commonly, concrete.
- auger By far the most common method of excavating the soil is by use of an auger, giving rise to the term auger cast-in-place (ACIP) piles.
- ACIP auger cast-in-place
- Displacement piles are either driven or drilled into the ground. Displacement piles laterally displace soil surrounding the pile shaft and load soil materials below the toe of the pile. Displacement piles are generally understood to have a stiffer response than non-displacement piles, and are capable of carrying larger loads than non-displacement piles. However, driving piles into the ground can result in excessive vibration and noise and are, therefore, problematic under certain conditions.
- Drilled displacement piles are rotary displacement piles installed by inserting an auger into the ground with the combined application of torque and vertical force, the latter commonly referred to as “crowd.”
- the auger may be a continuous flight auger or a pile to the bottom end of which is attached an auger tip.
- Drilled displacement piles have favorable end bearing and skin friction capacities compared to ACIP piles. However, they are more expensive to install due to the need for heavy drill rigs required to produce the torque and crowd forces to drive the pile into the soil. An installation process that is less efficient correspondingly increases the expense of the foundation. There is, therefore, a need for improved drilled displacement piles to reduce the power requirements and expense associated with their installation.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of an improved drill tip according to the invention, attached to the lower end of a foundation pile.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the drill tip shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the drill tip taken at approximately right angles to the view shown in FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a lower perspective view of the drill tip shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the drill tip shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the drill tip shown in FIG. 2 taken along lines 6 - 6 of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 1 An improved drill tip according to the invention is indicated generally in FIG. 1 at 10 and is shown attached to the lower end of a conventional cylindrical foundation pile 12 .
- the drill tip 10 includes an upper section 14 , a middle section 16 and a lower section 18 firmly secured together in coaxial alignment about a center axis A.
- the upper section 14 has a top edge 20 and a bottom edge 22 , the top edge 20 having a cross-sectional top diameter D T larger than the bottom diameter D B of the bottom edge 22 , giving the section 14 an overall frustro-conical geometry.
- the top of the upper section 14 is attached to pile 12 .
- the top diameter D T is the same as the diameter of the pile 12 , but it will be readily understood by those of skill in the art that top diameter D T could exceed that of the pile 12 as needed.
- An upper helical flight 24 is provided on the tapered outer surface 26 of upper section 14 extending vertically from near top edge 20 to bottom edge 22 , and passing through an arc of approximately 180° around center axis A.
- Upper helical flight 24 has a comparatively shallow upper flight depth 28 , shown in FIG. 2 , such that it does not extend radially beyond the top diameter D T .
- variable depth of upper flight 24 e.g., an increasing depth toward the bottom of the flight, and a depth which extends somewhat beyond top diameter D T .
- middle section 16 is attached to the bottom edge 22 of and depends from the upper section 14 .
- Middle section 16 has a diameter equivalent to bottom diameter D B as illustrated, but it will be readily appreciated that the middle section diameter may be somewhat smaller or larger than bottom diameter D B as appropriate for soil conditions.
- a middle helical flight 30 is provided on the surface of middle section 16 and extends vertically from approximately the intersection of the upper and middle sections 14 , 16 , at bottom edge 22 , to approximately the lower edge portion 32 of middle section 16 as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 , and extends through an arc of approximately 180° partially overlapping the arc through which upper flight 24 extends.
- middle flight 30 is noticeably greater than the depth 28 of upper flight 24 , such that the middle flight 30 extends radially from the surface of middle section 16 to a distance approximately the same as top diameter D T . See FIG. 5 . Those of skill in the art will understand that the depth of middle flight 30 may extend a distance somewhat greater than that of top diameter D T .
- Middle flight 30 is disposed roughly opposite to upper flight 24 with respect to center axis A providing a symmetrical relationship between the actions of the flights 24 , 30 .
- upper and middle flights 24 , 30 have approximately the same pitch, that being less than the distance between top edge 20 of upper section 14 and lower edge portion 32 of middle section 16 , but greater than half that distance.
- lower section 18 is attached to and depends from the lower edge portion 32 of middle section 16 .
- Lower section 18 comprises a generally conical main body 38 and a plurality of symmetrically disposed inwardly sweeping helical fins 40 extending outwardly from main body 38 .
- the upper part of main body 38 is fixed to and has a diameter smaller than that of middle section 16 . While the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 shows the lower section 18 depending from the lower face 36 of middle section 16 , those of skill in the art will understand that the connection between middle section 16 and lower section 18 may have other structural designs such as a gradually sloping transition between the lower edge portion 32 of middle section 16 and the upper part of the main body 38 of lower section 18 .
- outwardly radiating fins 40 extend from an upper portion 42 (see FIGS. 4 , 5 , and 6 ) just below lower edge portion 32 and terminate below the low point 44 (see FIG. 2 ) of main body 38 in a plurality of overlapping freely extending blades 46 having a form resembling a swiveling fishtail.
- the upper portions 42 of fins 40 have a radial extent no greater than the diameter of middle section 16 in the illustrated embodiment. However, it will be understood that fins 40 could extend beyond the diametric footprint of middle section 16 .
- Each of the fins 40 has a relatively uniform fin depth throughout its length. That depth is carried through to blades 46 which are disposed adjacent to axis A.
- the illustrated embodiment shows two fins 40 , but it is intended that the invention also embrace three, four, or more symmetrically disposed helical fins.
- Fins 40 have a pitch substantially greater than the pitches of upper and middle helical flights 24 , 30 , given them more of a scooping action than flights 24 , 30 . Conversely, flights 24 , 30 , having shorter pitches, exhibit more of a biting or grabbing action on the surrounding medium.
- Piles typically have diameters of 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30 or 36 inches. Although the drill tip described above can be constructed according to any of these pile diameters, it is expected that the improved drill tip will most commonly be used with piles have diameters of 12.75′′ and 16.00′′.
- the configuration of the drill tip may be modified as required to accommodate different soil profiles.
- the combination is gripped in a pile drilling rig or drill table and placed on the ground surface. Torque is then applied to the pile together with downward force that causes the tip and pile to penetrate the ground.
- One aspect of the favorable penetrating properties of the tip is an improved capacity to pull the pile into the ground.
- the improved soil penetration capacity of the improved drill tip decreases the amount of torque required to turn the pile into the soil and optimizes the time needed to install the pile.
- the improved drill tip also has a better end bearing capacity than existing drilled displacement piles.
- the pile is cut off at the proper pile elevation according to the foundation design and reinforcement and concrete is inserted into the pile.
- the pile may be left hollow and a mechanical connection added to the outside of the pile to connect the pile to a pile cap.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
An improved drill tip for a foundation pile comprises a frustro-conical upper section, a cylindrical middle section, and a generally conical lower section, all disposed in coaxial alignment about a center axis, the upper section for attachment to a foundation pile, and having a bottom edge diameter smaller than a top edge diameter and an upper helical flight having a radial extent less than the top edge diameter, the middle section extending from the bottom edge of the upper section and having approximately the same diameter as the bottom edge diameter, and the lower section extending from a lower edge portion of the middle section and having a plurality of symmetrically disposed helical fins having a radial extent less than the bottom edge diameter, the lowermost portion of the fins extending freely below the conical main body of the lower section in a configuration resembling a swiveling fishtail.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of U.S. Application No. 61/243,495 filed Sep. 17, 2009.
- This invention is directed to rotary foundation pile drilling technology and in particular to a drill tip for screw-type foundation piles that has an improved ability to penetrate the soil.
- Deep foundations are widely used as foundation elements for structures. Two well known classes of piles are non-displacement piles and displacement piles. The former are installed by excavating a cylinder of soil from the ground and replacing it with some form of reinforcement, commonly, concrete. By far the most common method of excavating the soil is by use of an auger, giving rise to the term auger cast-in-place (ACIP) piles.
- Displacement piles are either driven or drilled into the ground. Displacement piles laterally displace soil surrounding the pile shaft and load soil materials below the toe of the pile. Displacement piles are generally understood to have a stiffer response than non-displacement piles, and are capable of carrying larger loads than non-displacement piles. However, driving piles into the ground can result in excessive vibration and noise and are, therefore, problematic under certain conditions.
- Drilled displacement piles are rotary displacement piles installed by inserting an auger into the ground with the combined application of torque and vertical force, the latter commonly referred to as “crowd.” The auger may be a continuous flight auger or a pile to the bottom end of which is attached an auger tip. Drilled displacement piles have favorable end bearing and skin friction capacities compared to ACIP piles. However, they are more expensive to install due to the need for heavy drill rigs required to produce the torque and crowd forces to drive the pile into the soil. An installation process that is less efficient correspondingly increases the expense of the foundation. There is, therefore, a need for improved drilled displacement piles to reduce the power requirements and expense associated with their installation.
-
FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of an improved drill tip according to the invention, attached to the lower end of a foundation pile. -
FIG. 2 is a side elevation view of the drill tip shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the drill tip taken at approximately right angles to the view shown inFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4 is a lower perspective view of the drill tip shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the drill tip shown inFIGS. 1 and 2 . -
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the drill tip shown inFIG. 2 taken along lines 6-6 ofFIG. 2 . - An improved drill tip according to the invention is indicated generally in
FIG. 1 at 10 and is shown attached to the lower end of a conventionalcylindrical foundation pile 12. With reference toFIG. 2 , thedrill tip 10 includes anupper section 14, amiddle section 16 and alower section 18 firmly secured together in coaxial alignment about a center axis A. Theupper section 14 has atop edge 20 and abottom edge 22, thetop edge 20 having a cross-sectional top diameter DT larger than the bottom diameter DB of thebottom edge 22, giving thesection 14 an overall frustro-conical geometry. The top of theupper section 14 is attached topile 12. In the illustrated embodiment the top diameter DT is the same as the diameter of thepile 12, but it will be readily understood by those of skill in the art that top diameter DT could exceed that of thepile 12 as needed. - An upper
helical flight 24 is provided on the taperedouter surface 26 ofupper section 14 extending vertically from neartop edge 20 tobottom edge 22, and passing through an arc of approximately 180° around center axis A. Upperhelical flight 24 has a comparatively shallowupper flight depth 28, shown inFIG. 2 , such that it does not extend radially beyond the top diameter DT. Those of skill in the art will recognize, however, that considerable variations in the depth of upper flight are possible such as variable depth ofupper flight 24, e.g., an increasing depth toward the bottom of the flight, and a depth which extends somewhat beyond top diameter DT. - The
middle section 16 is attached to thebottom edge 22 of and depends from theupper section 14.Middle section 16 has a diameter equivalent to bottom diameter DB as illustrated, but it will be readily appreciated that the middle section diameter may be somewhat smaller or larger than bottom diameter DB as appropriate for soil conditions. A middlehelical flight 30 is provided on the surface ofmiddle section 16 and extends vertically from approximately the intersection of the upper andmiddle sections bottom edge 22, to approximately thelower edge portion 32 ofmiddle section 16 as seen inFIGS. 2 and 3 , and extends through an arc of approximately 180° partially overlapping the arc through whichupper flight 24 extends. Thedepth 34 ofmiddle flight 30 is noticeably greater than thedepth 28 ofupper flight 24, such that themiddle flight 30 extends radially from the surface ofmiddle section 16 to a distance approximately the same as top diameter DT. SeeFIG. 5 . Those of skill in the art will understand that the depth ofmiddle flight 30 may extend a distance somewhat greater than that of top diameter DT.Middle flight 30, as illustrated, is disposed roughly opposite toupper flight 24 with respect to center axis A providing a symmetrical relationship between the actions of theflights - As perhaps best shown in
FIG. 2 , upper andmiddle flights top edge 20 ofupper section 14 andlower edge portion 32 ofmiddle section 16, but greater than half that distance. - As shown in
FIG. 4 ,lower section 18 is attached to and depends from thelower edge portion 32 ofmiddle section 16.Lower section 18 comprises a generally conicalmain body 38 and a plurality of symmetrically disposed inwardly sweepinghelical fins 40 extending outwardly frommain body 38. The upper part ofmain body 38 is fixed to and has a diameter smaller than that ofmiddle section 16. While the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 4 shows thelower section 18 depending from thelower face 36 ofmiddle section 16, those of skill in the art will understand that the connection betweenmiddle section 16 andlower section 18 may have other structural designs such as a gradually sloping transition between thelower edge portion 32 ofmiddle section 16 and the upper part of themain body 38 oflower section 18. In the illustrated embodiment, outwardly radiating fins 40 extend from an upper portion 42 (seeFIGS. 4 , 5, and 6) just belowlower edge portion 32 and terminate below the low point 44 (seeFIG. 2 ) ofmain body 38 in a plurality of overlapping freely extendingblades 46 having a form resembling a swiveling fishtail. Theupper portions 42 offins 40 have a radial extent no greater than the diameter ofmiddle section 16 in the illustrated embodiment. However, it will be understood thatfins 40 could extend beyond the diametric footprint ofmiddle section 16. Each of thefins 40 has a relatively uniform fin depth throughout its length. That depth is carried through toblades 46 which are disposed adjacent to axis A. The illustrated embodiment shows twofins 40, but it is intended that the invention also embrace three, four, or more symmetrically disposed helical fins. - Fins 40 have a pitch substantially greater than the pitches of upper and middle
helical flights flights flights - Piles typically have diameters of 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 30 or 36 inches. Although the drill tip described above can be constructed according to any of these pile diameters, it is expected that the improved drill tip will most commonly be used with piles have diameters of 12.75″ and 16.00″.
- It will also be understood that the configuration of the drill tip may be modified as required to accommodate different soil profiles.
- In normal operation in the field, after the
drill tip 10 is attached to ahollow foundation pile 12 as shown inFIG. 1 , the combination is gripped in a pile drilling rig or drill table and placed on the ground surface. Torque is then applied to the pile together with downward force that causes the tip and pile to penetrate the ground. In extensive testing, applicants have determined that the combination of features in the pile tip described above results in an improved ability to penetrate the soil. One aspect of the favorable penetrating properties of the tip, is an improved capacity to pull the pile into the ground. The improved soil penetration capacity of the improved drill tip decreases the amount of torque required to turn the pile into the soil and optimizes the time needed to install the pile. The improved drill tip also has a better end bearing capacity than existing drilled displacement piles. After the pile reaches the desired depth, the pile is cut off at the proper pile elevation according to the foundation design and reinforcement and concrete is inserted into the pile. Alternatively, the pile may be left hollow and a mechanical connection added to the outside of the pile to connect the pile to a pile cap. - There have thus been described and illustrated certain preferred embodiments of an improved drill tip for a foundation pile according to the invention. Although the present invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, the spirit and scope of the present invention being limited only by the terms of the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A drill tip for a foundation pile, the drill tip comprising:
a frustro-conical upper section having a top edge and a bottom edge, said top edge for attachment to the foundation pile, said top edge having a top edge diameter, said bottom edge having a bottom edge diameter smaller than said top edge diameter, and said upper section having an upper helical flight having a radial extent generally no greater than said top edge diameter,
a cylindrical middle section extending from said bottom edge and having approximately the same diameter as said bottom edge diameter, and
a generally conical lower section extending from said lower edge portion of said middle section, said upper, middle and lower sections disposed in coaxial alignment about a center axis.
2. The drill tip for a foundation pile of claim 1 wherein:
said middle section has a lower edge portion and a middle helical flight having a radial extent generally no greater than said top edge diameter.
3. The drill tip for a foundation pile of claim 2 wherein:
said lower section has a generally conical main body and a plurality of symmetrically disposed helical fins having a radial extent generally no greater than said bottom edge diameter, a lowermost portion of each said fin extending freely below said conical main body forming a plurality of blades resembling a swiveling fishtail.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/885,320 US20110229272A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Drill tip for foundation pile |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US24349509P | 2009-09-17 | 2009-09-17 | |
US12/885,320 US20110229272A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Drill tip for foundation pile |
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US20110229272A1 true US20110229272A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
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US12/885,320 Abandoned US20110229272A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Drill tip for foundation pile |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140248092A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2014-09-04 | Foundation Constructors, Inc. | Drill tip for foundation pile |
US8839571B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-23 | Hubbell Incorporated | Break-away screw ground anchor |
US9057169B1 (en) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-06-16 | Magnum Piering, Inc. | Sacrificial tip and method of installing a friction pile |
US20160032656A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Belltec Industries, Inc. | Fluted wing auger |
US20160186403A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | TorcSill Foundations, LLC | Helical pile assembly |
US9469959B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-10-18 | Michael Maggio | Full displacement pile tip and method for use |
US20190324007A1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-24 | Aaron Mark Dugard | Pile testing device |
US20200358391A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | Solar Foundations Usa, Inc. | Vertical column |
US11459720B2 (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2022-10-04 | Solar Pile International (Hk) Ltd | Screw pile and drive tool |
WO2024037550A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | 河南绿建建筑科技有限公司 | Longitudinal steel concrete combined pipe component of t-shaped or l-shaped fabricated wall |
US11952736B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2024-04-09 | Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. | System and method for installing an aggregate pier |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140248092A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2014-09-04 | Foundation Constructors, Inc. | Drill tip for foundation pile |
US10190280B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2019-01-29 | Foundation Constructors, Inc. | Drill tip for foundation pile |
US8839571B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-23 | Hubbell Incorporated | Break-away screw ground anchor |
US9469959B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-10-18 | Michael Maggio | Full displacement pile tip and method for use |
US9057169B1 (en) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-06-16 | Magnum Piering, Inc. | Sacrificial tip and method of installing a friction pile |
US20160032656A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Belltec Industries, Inc. | Fluted wing auger |
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US10634657B2 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-04-28 | 6422277 Manitoba Ltd. | Pile testing device |
US20200358391A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | Solar Foundations Usa, Inc. | Vertical column |
US11522488B2 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-12-06 | Solar Foundations Usa, Inc. | Vertical column |
US11952736B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2024-04-09 | Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. | System and method for installing an aggregate pier |
WO2024037550A1 (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | 河南绿建建筑科技有限公司 | Longitudinal steel concrete combined pipe component of t-shaped or l-shaped fabricated wall |
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