US20110186462A1 - Microcidal composition - Google Patents

Microcidal composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110186462A1
US20110186462A1 US12/962,385 US96238510A US2011186462A1 US 20110186462 A1 US20110186462 A1 US 20110186462A1 US 96238510 A US96238510 A US 96238510A US 2011186462 A1 US2011186462 A1 US 2011186462A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
anolyte
ppm
available chlorine
free available
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/962,385
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English (en)
Inventor
William Dale Storey
Norman L. Arrison
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Activated Environmental Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Activated Environmental Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Activated Environmental Solutions Inc filed Critical Activated Environmental Solutions Inc
Priority to US12/962,385 priority Critical patent/US20110186462A1/en
Publication of US20110186462A1 publication Critical patent/US20110186462A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
    • C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
    • C25B1/46—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in diaphragm cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4618—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolyte

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a composition having microcidal levels of anolyte or catholyte, or a mixture of both.
  • Anolyte is a known disinfectant due to its oxidizing content. It has also been known as electrolysed water, electro-activated water or electro-chemically activated water solution. It is produced by the electrolysis of ordinary water containing dissolved sodium chloride. The anolyte produced comprises free available chlorine, primarily in the form of sodium hypochlorite.
  • EcaFlo® anolyte solution is available for industrial or hospital use, but is produced in bulk for quick consumption. Its general unavailability is because anolyte or catholyte could not be made with a practical shelf-life of over a month.
  • the present invention comprises a method of producing anolyte having a free available chlorine concentration of at least 1000 ppm, comprising the use of an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment and a cathode compartment, separated by a semi-permeable membrane.
  • the semi-permeable membrane permits cation transport at a greater rate than anion transport.
  • the membrane may be ionomeric and may comprise perfluorocarboxylic acid or perfluorosulfonic acid.
  • the membrane is a bilayer membrane, comprising one layer comprising perfluorocarboxylic acid and one layer comprising perfluorosulfonic acid.
  • the invention comprises a composition of anolyte having a concentration of free available chlorine such that the composition still has microcidal activity after prolonged storage.
  • the composition has a concentration of at least about 1680 ppm of free available chlorine, and in a preferred embodiment, has a concentration of at least about 2000 ppm and more preferably about 4000 ppm.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic of one embodiment of an electrolysis reaction scheme for producing anolyte and/or catholyte of the present invention.
  • the invention relates to pre-packaged solutions of anolyte which retains an effective amount of microcidal activity.
  • all terms not defined herein have their common art-recognized meanings.
  • the following description is of a specific embodiment or a particular use of the invention, it is intended to be illustrative only, and not limiting of the claimed invention.
  • the following description is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that are included in the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.
  • anolyte means an aqueous solution produced at the anode by the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of sodium or potassium chloride.
  • catholyte means an aqueous solution produced at the cathode by the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of sodium or potassium chloride.
  • Suitable solutions of anolyte or catholyte may be produced by an electrolysis reactor, such as that illustrated schematically in FIG. 1 .
  • the power source is preferably a DC voltage source, producing between about 20 to 40 amperes.
  • the DC voltage may be between about 12 V and 48 V, preferably between about 20 and 30 V, such as a 26 V source.
  • the voltage and current provided may vary in accordance with the size of the cell, and the other factors known to those skilled in the art.
  • the cathode and anode chambers of the reactor are separated by a semi-permeable membrane, which allows the passage of ions in solution.
  • the membrane is ionomeric and comprises perfluorocarboxylic acid or perfluorosulfonic acid, or both.
  • NafionTM ionomer membranes may be suitable.
  • the semi-permeable membrane comprises a bilayer membrane comprising perfluorocarboxylic acid and perfluorosulfonic acid film layers.
  • the perfluorocarboxylic acid membrane is known to have a membrane catalytic deprotonation effect, which causes proton fluxes during electrolysis.
  • ionomeric membranes which permit greater movement of cations than anions are preferred. It is believed that this preferential movement of cations, and relative impedance of anions, is the result of using sulfonated or carboxylated perfluorovinyl ether groups on a tetrafluoroethylene backbone.
  • the electrodes may preferably comprise titanium, which may be uncoated or coated with a noble metal such as platinum or palladium, or a metal oxide, or a mixture of metal oxides.
  • a noble metal such as platinum or palladium
  • a metal oxide such as a metal oxide
  • the coating is electrically conductive, but chemically inert.
  • the salt solution comprises either NaCl or KCl, preferably in a concentration of between about 24 to 30 g/l, and is fed through the reactor at a rate such that the residence time in the reactor is between about 8 minutes to about 12 minutes, preferably between about 9-10 minutes.
  • the flowrate is about 32 litres per hour (or 161/h in each of the cathode and anode compartments). The flowrate and residence time within the reactor may be varied to produce anolytes and catholytes of differing ionic concentrations.
  • electrolysis results in protons, cations and positively charged moieties crossing into and accumulating in the cathode chamber, while chloride, anions and negatively charged moieties accumulate in the anode chamber.
  • the fluid exiting from the anode partition is anolyte, while the fluid exiting from the cathode partition is catholyte.
  • the reactor may be pressurized, and in one embodiment, may operate at a pressure of about 80 psi (about 550 kPa). The small amounts of oxygen and hydrogen gas produced by the electrolysis remain in solution at an elevated pressure.
  • Anolyte may be pH neutral or slightly acidic. Without restriction to a theory, it is believed that anolyte does not contain chlorite (ClO 2 ⁇ ) and chlorate (ClO 3 ⁇ ) ions.
  • the free available chlorine in anolyte exists primarily as hypochlorous acid and ions (HClO or ClO ⁇ ), free chlorine (Cl 2 ) and chloride ion (Cl ⁇ ).
  • hypochlorous acid and ions, free chlorine, and/or chloride ions are restricted or limited in crossing the ionomeric membrane. As a result, they accumulate in the anolyte to levels not found in the prior art.
  • Anolyte can be used as an industrial biocide for oil field applications for water used in fracking operating, field stimulation, or to stop algae or other forms of growth in piping or cooling systems of any kind.
  • Anolyte may be used a deodorizer for portable toilets, humans, animals, and chickens, fish, and any place that mercaptans of any kind are produced.
  • Catholyte can be used in dental offices to control pH for patient treatment.
  • An effective anolyte solution must have a concentration of about 400 ppm (parts per million by weight) of free available chlorine produced in the anolyte.
  • the applicant has determined that a prepackaged solution of anolyte drops about 4 ppm per day in storage. Because one embodiment of the anolyte solution of the present invention has a concentration of at least about 4000 ppm of free chlorine, it can be stored for about 900 days before it reaches an ineffective level.
  • An anolyte composition having a concentration of about 1680 ppm will have a shelf life of about 1 year before it reaches the minimum concentration of about 400 ppm.
  • the anolyte composition may be stored in dark or opaque containers to reduce ultraviolet or visible light degradation of the product.
  • the containers are preferably sealed to prevent oxidative degradation.
  • the anolyte may be used in liquid form, which may be added to treat water streams or sources, or directly or in a dilute form as a disinfecting agent.
  • Pre-packaged sealed containers of anolyte may be provided in containers sized for domestic use, such as 1 litre or less.
  • Anolyte may be formulated as gels, creams or lotions, in like manner to alcohol-based hand sanitizers, for personal use.
  • personal sized containers of less than 100 ml may be provided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
US12/962,385 2009-12-07 2010-12-07 Microcidal composition Abandoned US20110186462A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/962,385 US20110186462A1 (en) 2009-12-07 2010-12-07 Microcidal composition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26732309P 2009-12-07 2009-12-07
US12/962,385 US20110186462A1 (en) 2009-12-07 2010-12-07 Microcidal composition

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US (1) US20110186462A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2724094A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120102883A1 (en) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-03 Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. System For Producing Sterile Beverages And Containers Using Electrolyzed Water
US20130071492A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Carmine J. Durham Systems and methods for generating germicidal compositions
US20150218715A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-06 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 0 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyser
US9222182B2 (en) 2013-06-14 2015-12-29 Simple Science Limited Electrochemical activation device
US9873838B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2018-01-23 William Dale Storey Electrolized water—amine compositions and methods of use
CN112772673A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-11 阳伞医药有限公司 含次氯酸和硅烷季铵的消毒和抗微生物溶液
US11419332B2 (en) * 2017-12-04 2022-08-23 William Dale Storey Biocide composition and methods of use
US11653995B2 (en) 2018-03-28 2023-05-23 Parasol Medical, Llc Antimicrobial treatment for a surgical headlamp system
TWI831853B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2024-02-11 美商迪諾拉美國控股公司 用於控制電解池中氯酸鹽生成之系統及方法
US11998650B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2024-06-04 Parasol Medical, Llc Method of limiting the spread of norovirus within a cruise ship

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105515A (en) * 1976-07-05 1978-08-08 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for electrolysis of alkali halide
US20050232848A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Andreas Nguyen Packaging for dilute hypochlorite
US7393522B2 (en) * 2000-01-12 2008-07-01 Novabay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Physiologically balanced, ionized, acidic solution and methodology for use in wound healing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4105515A (en) * 1976-07-05 1978-08-08 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process for electrolysis of alkali halide
US7393522B2 (en) * 2000-01-12 2008-07-01 Novabay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Physiologically balanced, ionized, acidic solution and methodology for use in wound healing
US20050232848A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Andreas Nguyen Packaging for dilute hypochlorite

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Krol, Monopolar and Bipolar Ion Exchange Membranes (1997), pp. 1-164. *
Thantsha et al., The effect of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate derived anoltyes, and anoltye-catholyte combination on biofilms, Water SA (2006), Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 237-242. *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120102883A1 (en) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-03 Stokely-Van Camp, Inc. System For Producing Sterile Beverages And Containers Using Electrolyzed Water
US9873838B2 (en) 2011-02-02 2018-01-23 William Dale Storey Electrolized water—amine compositions and methods of use
US8945355B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2015-02-03 Zurex Pharmagra, Llc Systems and methods for generating germicidal compositions
US8771753B2 (en) * 2011-09-16 2014-07-08 Zurex Pharmagra, Llc Systems and methods for generating germicidal compositions
US20130071492A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2013-03-21 Carmine J. Durham Systems and methods for generating germicidal compositions
US9222182B2 (en) 2013-06-14 2015-12-29 Simple Science Limited Electrochemical activation device
US20150218715A1 (en) * 2014-02-04 2015-08-06 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 0 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyser
US9903026B2 (en) * 2014-02-04 2018-02-27 Valeri Iltshenko Method for the production of disinfectants with a concentration of active chlorine in the range from 2000 and up to 6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm electrolyzer
US11998650B2 (en) 2017-11-08 2024-06-04 Parasol Medical, Llc Method of limiting the spread of norovirus within a cruise ship
US11419332B2 (en) * 2017-12-04 2022-08-23 William Dale Storey Biocide composition and methods of use
US11653995B2 (en) 2018-03-28 2023-05-23 Parasol Medical, Llc Antimicrobial treatment for a surgical headlamp system
TWI831853B (zh) * 2018-10-25 2024-02-11 美商迪諾拉美國控股公司 用於控制電解池中氯酸鹽生成之系統及方法
CN112772673A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-11 阳伞医药有限公司 含次氯酸和硅烷季铵的消毒和抗微生物溶液
EP3818827A3 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2021-11-24 Parasol Medical LLC Solution désinfectante et antimicrobienne contenant de l'ammonium quaternaire avec de l'acide hypochloreux

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Publication number Publication date
CA2724094A1 (fr) 2011-06-07

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