US20110179741A1 - Multi-purpose mobile modular structure - Google Patents
Multi-purpose mobile modular structure Download PDFInfo
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- US20110179741A1 US20110179741A1 US13/007,667 US201113007667A US2011179741A1 US 20110179741 A1 US20110179741 A1 US 20110179741A1 US 201113007667 A US201113007667 A US 201113007667A US 2011179741 A1 US2011179741 A1 US 2011179741A1
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- Prior art keywords
- joints
- beams
- modular building
- building system
- joint
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
- E04B1/34326—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by longitudinal elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
- E04B2001/0076—Buildings with specific right-angled horizontal layout grid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2406—Connection nodes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
- E04B2001/2421—Socket type connectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
- E04C2003/043—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the hollow cross-section comprising at least one enclosed cavity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
- E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
- E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
A modular building system is disclosed. The modular building includes a plurality of pre-fabricated joints having open-ended hollow arms extending orthoganally along at least two directional axes, as defined by a 3-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. The system further includes a plurality of pre-fabricated beams detachably insertable into the open-ends of the hollow arms of the joints and connectors removeably securing the beams in the hollow arms of the joints. The joints and beams are assembled to build a variety of modular grid-frame structures in accordance with pre-determined assembly plans.
Description
- The invention relates to a mobile modular building system that can be rapidly deployed to create usable space for different purposes. The invention also relates to all joints and connectors that are integral parts of the invention.
- Modular structures have been used in various applications. Modular structures are usually designed to combine standard components in different combinations to create varied configurations.
- An example of modular structures is pre-fabricated or “pre-fab” housing. Pre-fabricated housing are usually manufactured in a remote location and then transported to the place of use for assembly. These homes are usually manufactured in a large facility into partially completed structures before being transported and assembled.
- This method of construction necessitates the use of a large facility during the manufacturing process because of the need to handle the large assemblies. Transportation to the site of use also poses challenges because the partially completed units will require vehicles that are built to accommodate the weight and size of the structures. Similar problems also apply to the assembly process. Heavy lifting equipment will be necessary to handle the partially completed structures during the assembly process because of the weight and size of some of these units or modules.
- Another form of modular construction uses refurbished shipping containers. The panels of shipping containers are removed and new panels and interiors added to the frame to create structures which may look very different from the original containers.
- The problems that are associated with pre-fab buildings also apply to containers. The size and weight of shipping containers necessitate the need for heavy equipment during the manufacturing, transportation and assembly process. Compared to pre-fab buildings, which are generally customized designs, shipping container offers the advantage of an immediate standardized structure that can be easily utilized. Shipping containers have been engineered to withstand substantial loads, so structural strength is usually not a major concern. This means that retrofits can be made without extra consideration for the structural integrity. This helps to reduce the time required for the building process as well as costs associated with ensuring the integrity of a customized structure.
- The configurations obtainable using shipping containers are however also limited by the fact that they come in standard sizes. To ensure that the structural integrity of the structure is not compromised, the frame is usually left untouched. However, this also means that only certain configurations based on standard container sizes are possible.
- The structure of shipping containers may be altered to meet specific requirements. However, whenever this happens, proper structural analysis has to be conducted to ensure that the structural integrity is not compromised. This also means that, depending on the changes, the structure may no longer be modular.
- Besides these larger structures, there are also lightweight modular structures, usually made of aluminum profiles. Due to the fact that they are light weight structures, their lower structural strength means that they are generally not robust enough for use as permanent or large-scale housing solutions and only suitable as temporary structures.
- These lightweight structures are commonly used as exhibition booths, temporary retail showrooms and also structures that house equipment for industrial applications. The lower weight and size of these structures make them conducive to handling and transportation.
- These structures are also generally made from standardized designs and as such can be combined in different forms to create multiple configurations. The standardized designs also mean manufacturing costs can be lowered substantially because of larger production quantities.
- More importantly, the structures are generally designed to be re-usable. They can usually be disassembled and removed, then packed and stored until they are needed again. Due to the temporary nature of the structures, the panels used for these structures are however usually removed and discarded after use.
- The object of the present design is to provide a design that will combine the robustness and permanency of current modular or pre-fabricated buildings with the ease of handling and cost-effectiveness of lightweight modular structures. As opposed to most permanent solutions, the current design also focuses strongly on the re-use capability of the structures and all associated panels.
- The present invention consists of a structure using a system of beams and joints to create a modular structure using a basic “C” frame unit that is expandable and reconfigurable. The use of a system which can be assembled only when necessary, instead of a partially or fully completed structure, means that the difficulties associated with manufacturing, handling, storage and transportation of modular structures are drastically reduced. The objective is to create a system that can be used as a permanent structure while retaining many of the advantages associated with lightweight mobile structures.
- The beam is a hollow extruded section that is uniform throughout its entire length. Each joint is made up of at least two interconnected hollow elements which are perpendicular to each other with a similar cross-section that are of an enlarged size. A “C” frame is formed by inserting opposing ends of a vertical beam into joints located at each end. The beams are secured by means that may include bolts. Each joint has an additional element in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the original element into which another beam is inserted and secured. The resultant section forms a “C” with a single vertical beam and two horizontal beams protruding from each end.
- The basic “C” frame can be further expanded by using joints with additional elements perpendicular to those in the original joint. These additional elements will enable crossbeams to be added to either sides of the “C” frame to create multiple connected “C” frames. In order to increase the structural integrity of the assembly, additional joints may be added to the mid-section and ends of the horizontal beams for additional crossbeams. This will create a modular grid-like network that distributes lateral and vertical loads throughout the connected portions of the structure. With this arrangement, as more joints and beams are added, the expanded structure becomes an even larger interconnected network grid that distributes the loads even more evenly throughout the entire structure.
- This grid-like structure also forms the basic framework for attaching internal and external panels. The panel consists of a larger rectangular main body panel mounted over a smaller rectangular frame. When mounted onto the structure, the overhang of the main body panel will just extend over the outer edges of the grid while the frame will fit snugly within the opening in the grid. The presence of the frame stiffens the panel and in the same manner, both the panel and the frame will also act as strengthening elements by adding rigidity to the structure.
- Vertical wall panels are secured by mounting another panel on the opposing side of the grid such that both panels can be secured to each other by means of bolts and nuts inserted through the drilled holes in the panel. Horizontal roof panels can be attached in a similar manner. Floor panels can be secured by simply fitting the panels and frame into the grid. This system also allows the internal and external panels to be changed quickly and cost-effectively when the need arises. This means that the structures can be adapted for different purposes with a simple change of panels.
- Employing this system of beams, joints and panels shortens the time required for assembly and disassembly by making the process extremely simple. If the structures need to be removed, the beams can be easily released and removed from the joints and the structure disassembled.
- The joints not only act as connectors between the beams but also strengthen the structure at the weakest points within the assembled structure. Using different combinations of beams and joints, the configuration of the structure can also be changed easily.
- The structure is also designed to be structurally strong enough to allow for the stacking of these structures up to a designated height provided the required support structures are also in place. As such, the structure is able to not only expand laterally but also vertically, providing great flexibility.
- The present design also allows for the routing of internal cabling and wiring through the beams to enable the structures to be internally lighted and the additional of services such as air-conditioning or heaters.
- Even though the current design is robust enough to be used as a permanent structure, the design also allows the beams, joints and even the panels to be re-used. Beams and joints can be re-used for other applications and panels can be repaired and renewed if necessary.
- An embodiment of the present design will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- [
FIG. 1 ] A perspective view of the frame assembly in the modular structure (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 2 ] An exploded perspective view of the frame assembly structure (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 3 ] The long and short beams used by the frame assembly fromFIG. 1 . (a) profile view of the long beam (b) profile view of the short beam. (c) a cross-sectional view of the long beam (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 4 ] (a) is the cross-sectional view of a modified long beam fromFIG. 2 . (b) a cross-sectional view of an alternative configuration (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 5 ] Shows the joint used in the frame assembly fromFIG. 1 , (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the front view for (a) as viewed from direction A, (d) is the front view for (a) as viewed from direction B (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 6 ] Shows the joint used in the frame assembly fromFIG. 1 , (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the front view as viewed from direction C, (d) is the front view for (a) as viewed from direction D (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 7 ] Shows the joint used in the frame assembly fromFIG. 1 , (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the front view as viewed from direction E, (d) is the front view as viewed from direction F (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 8 ] Shows a schematic view of the relationship between the end support sleeve and the long beam (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 9 ] A perspective view which shows the schematic make-up of the frame assembly inFIG. 1 when attached with panels (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 10 ] Shows one type of main body panel fromFIG. 9 , (a) is the front view, (b) is the profile view, (c) is the plan view (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 11 ] Shows another type of panel fromFIG. 9 , (a) is the front view, (b) is the profile view, (c) is the plan view (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 12 ] Shows the schematic view of the relationship between the frame of the panel and the opening in the frame assembly structure (embodiment 1). - [
FIG. 13 ] Perspective view showing the frame assembly of the modular structure (embodiment 2). - [
FIG. 14 ] is the cross-sectional perspective view of the frame assembly fromFIG. 13 (embodiment 2) - [
FIG. 15 ] Shows the center joint used in the frame assembly inFIG. 13 , (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is the front view of (a) as viewed from direction G, (d) is the front view of (a) as viewed from direction H (embodiment 2). - [
FIG. 16 ] shows the center joint used in the frame assembly inFIG. 13 , (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a plan view, (c) is the front view of a as viewed from direction I, (d) is the front view of (a) as viewed from direction J (embodiment 2). - [
FIG. 17 ] shows a perspective view of a modified example of the frame assembly for the modular structure (embodiment 2). - [
FIG. 18 ] shows the joint, (a) is the profile view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the rear view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 19 ] shows the joint, (a) is the profile view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the rear view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 20 ] shows the joint, (a) is the front view, (b) is the profile view, (c) is the bottom view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 21 ] shows the joint, (a) is the plan view, (b) is the profile view, (c) is the rear view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 22 ] shows the joint, (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the rear view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 23 ] shows the joint, (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the profile view, (c) is the bottom view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 24 ] shows the joint, (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the rear view, (c) is the plan view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 25 ] shows the joint, (a) is the bottom view, (b) is the front view, (c) is the profile view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 26 ] shows the joint, (a) is the profile view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the profile view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 27 ] shows the joint, (a) is the perspective view, (b) is the plan view, (c) is the front view (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 28 ] A perspective view of the frame assembly structure (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 29 ] A perspective view as viewed from direction K of the frame assembly structure inFIG. 28 (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 30 ] The front view of the frame assembly structure inFIG. 28 (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 31 ] The plan view of the frame assembly structure inFIG. 28 (embodiment 3). - [
FIG. 32 ] The profile view of the frame assembly structure inFIG. 28 (embodiment 3). -
FIG. 1 shows the perspective view ofembodiment 1 which consists of a frame assembly in a modular structure.FIG. 2 shows the cross-sectional perspective view of the frame assembly inFIG. 1 . - As shown in
FIG. 1 andFIG. 2 ,frame assembly 1 consists of a beam-like frame assembly withlong beam 3 andshort beam 5 andend joints Frame assembly 1 is formed from a series of intersecting and orthogonallong beam 3 andshort beam 5,numerous end joints frame structure 1, in one embodiment, is made up entirely of a “C” structure made up of thetop section 13,bottom section 15 and theside section 17. Other shape structure may also be useful. -
Top section 13 andbottom section 15 are facing each other on opposing ends vertically, connected in between by theside section 17 at one end.Top section 13,bottom section 15 andside section 17 are respectively formed by theouter frame section 19 and the numerous grid-like openings 23. In this embodiment, theouter frame section 19 is made up of twoopenings 23. -
FIG. 3 shows theframe assembly 1 using the long and short beams, (a) is the profile view of the long beam, (b) is the profile view of the short beam, (c) is the cross-sectional view of the long beam. - The said
long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 are different only in terms of the length while being the same in terms of profile and form. As such, a detailed description will be given only for thelong beam 3. - The
long beam 3, for example, can be fabricated from a lightweight aluminum alloy such as 7000 series aluminum. The long beam may also be fabricated from other types of materials. For example, the long beam may be fabricated from steel. Other materials may also be useful. The materials selected may depend on the mechanical strength or stiffness desired. Thelong beam 3, in one embodiment, is hollow throughout its length. Providing the long beam which is partially hollow throughout its length may also be useful. In other embodiments, the long beam is solid throughout its length. Alternatively, the long beam may be partially solid. Both ends of thelong beam 3 consist ofcross-section 25 that are perpendicular to the axis. - The said
long beam 3 has a rectangular cross-section, whereby avertical wall 27 is longer than thehorizontal wall 29. Thehorizontal wall 29 of thelong beam 3 forms both the inner and outer faces of the “C” frame in theframe assembly 1. Accordingly, theframe assembly 1 has increased flexural stiffness on both the inside and the outside of the “C”. - The center of the cross-section in the
long beam 3, in one embodiment, has acircular tube section 31 that traverses the entire length. Between thecircular section 31 and the corner sections as well as thevertical wall 27, there are panel-like reinforcement sections reinforcement sections circular tube section 31, for example, are the same as thevertical wall 27 and thehorizontal wall 29. - The
circular tube section 31 and thereinforcement sections long beam 3 but also divides the internal spaces into thehollow sections hollow sections 37˜49 can be used to distribute wiring used for lighting, etc. - Also, the rigidity of the
long beam 3 can be increased with the insertion of a rod-like component made from materials such as steel into thehollow section 49 in thecircular tube section 31. In this instance, even if the rod is made from materials such as steel, the size with respect to the cross section of thelong beam 3 is small, so the increase in weight to the structure will be negligible. - The cross-section profile of the
long beam 3, for example, can be modified as shown inFIG. 4 . Thelong beam 3 a inFIG. 4( a), withtubular section 31 a andreinforcement sections vertical wall 27 and thehorizontal wall 29. Also, for thelong beam 3 b inFIG. 4( b), thetubular section 31 b and thevertical wall 27 andhorizontal wall 29 are connected byreinforcement section vertical wall 27 andhorizontal wall 29. -
FIGS. 5 to 7 show the joints used in theframe assembly 1 shown inFIG. 1 . - The said joints 7 and 9 are, as shown in
FIG. 1 ,FIG. 5 andFIG. 6 , the connectors for the ends of thelong beam 3 or theshort beam 5, and made from lightweight materials such as 7000 series aluminum. Other materials may also be useful. For example, the joints may be formed from steel or other types of materials which provide sufficient mechanical stability or stiffness. - The said
joint 7, as shown inFIG. 1 andFIG. 5 , makes up the extreme corners for theupper section 13 and thelower section 15 of theframe assembly 1. It consists of theend support sleeve - The
end support sleeves end support sleeve 51 protrudes out from theside wall 55 of the other opposingsleeve 53. - The said end support sleeves or
arms vertical wall 57 is longer than thehorizontal wall 55. Providing sleeves that are solid or partially solid may also be useful. On the inside of thesupport sleeves openings long beam 3 and theshort beam 5. - The insides of the
openings long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 when they are inserted longitudinally. Between the supportingsleeves long beam 3 andshort beam 5, the position can be fixed and also prevented from becoming dislodged by using a locking mechanism or fasteners such as locking nuts. Other types of fasteners may also be useful. - Inside the said
openings contact walls long beam 3 and theshort beam 5. Thecontact surface 67 of one side of thesupport sleeve 51 is actually the outside surface of thevertical wall 57 of thesupport sleeve 53; thecontact surface 69 of theother support sleeve 53, becomes the inner surface ofvertical wall 57, which forms the outer face of the “L” shape structure. The contact surfaces 67 and 69 will come into contact withend 25 of thelong beam 3 and theshort beam 5 when these are inserted into thesleeves - The said
joint 9, as shown inFIG. 1 andFIG. 6 , forms the corner of the “C” structure in the said frame assembly. This joint 9 is the same as joint 7 and is formed by theend support sleeve support sleeve 75. Theend support sleeve 75 forms an “L” shape with theend support sleeve 73. - That is, the
end support sleeve 75 protrudes from the outside of thevertical wall 57 of theend support sleeve 73; theend support sleeve 71 protrudes from the outside of thehorizontal wall 55 ofend support sleeve 73. Between the supportingsleeves diagonal reinforcement ribs - The
end support sleeves end support sleeves long beams 3 and theshort beam 5 are supported when inserted into theopenings end support sleeves long beams 3 and theshort beam 5 are positioned and also secured to theend support sleeves - The contact surfaces 87, 89 and 91 of the said
support sleeve horizontal wall 55 of thesupport sleeve 73, the inner surface of thehorizontal wall 55 of the outside of the “L” shape, the outside surface of thevertical wall 57 of thesupport sleeve 73 respectively. - End joint 9 can also fit into the diagonally opposite corner of the
frame assembly 1 if it is rotated into a diametrically opposite direction to that inFIG. 6( b). - The center joint 11, as shown in
FIG. 1 andFIG. 7 , connect the mid-section of thelong beam 3 and the ends of theshort beam 5 to each other. This center joint 11 consists of thecenter support sleeve 93 and theend support sleeve 95. - The said
center sleeve 93 consists of opening 97 that passes through both ends. The mid-section oflong beam 3 is inserted intoopening 97 and thus supported. Thecenter support sleeve 93 and theend support sleeve 95 form a “T” structure. - The
end support sleeve 95 protrudes from the outer surface of thevertical wall 57 in the middle of thecenter support sleeve 93. Theend support sleeve 95 has the same profile as thesupport sleeve contact surface 99 that is the outer surface ofvertical wall 57 of thecenter support sleeve 93. As such, the end of theshort beam 5 will be inserted into theopening 100 ofend support sleeve 95 to be supported and theend 25 of theshort beam 5 will then be pressing against thecontact surface 99. - The position of the
short beam 5 andlong beam 3 can be fixed and held in place when inserted into theend support sleeve 95 orcenter support sleeve 93 by means such as bolts, nuts, etc. -
FIG. 8 shows the cross-sectional view of the detailed relationship between the end support sleeve of the end joint and the long beam.FIG. 8 only shows the relationship between thesupport sleeve 51 of end joint 7 andlong beam 3. However, the relationship between that of the other joint 9 and theend support sleeves long beam 3 orshort beam 5 will be the same as that illustrated inFIG. 8 . - As is mentioned above, for the
end support sleeve 51, thelong beam 3 will be supported when inserted intoopening 59 and at the same time theend 25 oflong beam 3 will press against thecontact face 67. Theend support sleeve 51 and the end of thelong beam 3 can be secured using a locking mechanism or a fastener such asbolt 96. Providing other types of fastener may also be useful. - In this situation, the loading on the ends of
long beam 3 due to its own weight, applied loads or external forces, etc. is sustained bysleeve 51 with the engagement of the ends of thelong beam 3 against thecontact surface 67. - Accordingly, even though the applied loads on the
long beam 3 may force theend support sleeve 51, as shown in the arrow inFIG. 8 , to rotate around thebolt 96 with the bolt as a fulcrum, this does not happen because the movement of theend face 25 of thelong beam 3 will be restricted by thecontact surface 67. - As a result, the
end support sleeve 51 can be secured to the end of thelong beam 3 using, for example, asingle bolt 96, improving the efficiency of the assembly process while still being able to constrain the shaking or movement in theframe assembly 1. - Moreover, because
contact surface 67 becomes the outer surface of the otherend support sleeve 53, the applied loading from thelong beam 3 is transmitted throughcontact face 67 to theother support sleeve 53 and also to the otherlong beam 3 supported by this sleeve. - If multiple fasteners such as
bolts 96 are used, ranging for example, from 2 to 4, even better stability can be attained. - As described, the support sleeves of the various types joints are configured in 90° or multiple of 90° angles with respect to other sleeves. It is understood that the joints may have sleeves which are configured to have angles other than 90°. For example, a joint may be configured to have one or more sleeves configured at 45° with another sleeve. This facilitates providing a module with different types of shapes, as desired.
-
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the structure when a panel is attached to the frame assembly inFIG. 1 .FIGS. 10 and 11 show the main body of the panel fromFIG. 9 . - As shown in
FIGS. 9 to 11 , theframe assembly 1 forms themodular structure 105 when it is attached withpanels 102 within therectangular cavities 23 on the inside and the outside.FIG. 9 shows only thesingle panel 102. - The said
panel 102 consists of a set ofpanels - The
panel 101, as shown inFIGS. 9 and 10 , is attached to the external face of the “C” structure in theframe assembly 1. However, it can also be affixed to the internal and external surfaces of the “C” structure for the extreme ends of thetop section 13 andbottom section 15 of theframe assembly 1, to form a set of double-sided panel body. - The said panel
main body 101 can be made from lightweight materials such as a 7000 series aluminum alloy. However, it can also be made from materials other than aluminum alloy like wood and plastic and also other materials. The panelmain body 101 is a rectangular board and is larger than thecavity 23 of theframe assembly 1. The four edges of panelmain body 101 are collinear with thelong beam 3 and theshort beam 5 and covers thecavity 23 entirely. - The said
frame 109 protrudes from theinner face 111 ofpanel 101 and acts as the strengthening component forpanel 101. Theframe 109 is formed by multiplevertical frame sections 113 andhorizontal frame sections 115 at both ends. - The outer face of the
frame 109 fits into thecavity 23 to secure the position ofpanel body 101, and through this process, frame 109 also acts to increase the strength of theframe assembly 1. - Another
panel 103, as shown inFIGS. 9 and 11 , are affixed to the inside corners of the “C” structure in theframe assembly 1. The basic structural make-up of thepanel 103 is the same aspanel 101. -
Panel 103, in addition to the structure ofpanel 101, hassections support ribs end support sleeve 73. To conform to the shape ofpanel 103, theframe 119 also hassection 131. - The said
panels FIG. 9 , are affixed and secured to each other using a locking mechanism or a fastener such asbolt 133. Other types of fastener may also be useful. Thebolt 133 is inserted through thepanel 103 intopanel 101 and then secured into place using means such as a nut. - As a result, a set of
panels frame assembly 1. The locking mechanism can be, but is not restricted to, thebolt 133 used to securepanels - Within the
frames panels vertical frames 113. Into this space, things such as insulation can be added. -
FIG. 12 is the schematic view of the relationship between the panel frame and the cavity of the frame assembly.FIG. 12 only illustrates the relationship between the panelmain body 101 andframe 109 with relation to thecavity 23 of the frame assembly but the relationship between theframe 119 for theother panel 103 and thecavity 23 will be the same asFIG. 12 . - As mentioned above, the edges of
frame 109 inpanel 101 fits into the internal perimeter of thecavity 23. - In this way, they act as structure strengthening components for
frame assembly 1 by sustaining the applied loads from thelong beam 3 and theshort beam 5. - For this purpose, the
frame 109 is able to preventlong beam 3 from collapsing because it fits snugly into the corners of thecavity 23 of theframe assembly 1 and also along thelong beam 3. - The
frame assembly 1 is thus prevented from shaking or moving. - This embodiment consists of the
joints long beam 3 andshort beam 5 and the twolong beams 3 to form themodular structure 105 from theframe assembly 1; theend support sleeves long beams 3 and theshort beams 5 when they are inserted; the contact surfaces 67, 69, 87, 89 and 91 in the end support sleeves that engage the saidlong beam 3 andshort beam 5. - As such, in this embodiment, the applied loading by the ends of the
long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 are supported by theend support sleeves long beam 3 and theshort beam 5. - As a result, by using this simple structure in this embodiment, even if lightweight materials are being used, the strength of the
frame assembly 1 and themodular structure 105 will still not be compromised. - Also, the
joints long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 are inserted into theend support sleeves long beam 3 to theshort beam 5 and also otherlong beams 3 easily. - As such, in this embodiment, the assembly of the
frame assembly 1 and themodular structure 105 can be performed easily, raising assembly efficiency. - The
end support sleeves long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 easily with a locking mechanism or fastener such as asingle bolt 96. - In this instance, through the contact of the ends of the
long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 against the contact surfaces 67, 69, 87, 89 and 91, any rotation by thelong beam 3 and the short beam 6 around thebolt 96 can be restricted. - As such, in this embodiment, the efficiency in assembly can be improved while ensuring that the
frame assembly 1 is restricted from shaking or twisting. - The center joint 11 in this embodiment is a joint that connects intersecting
long beams 3 andshort beams 5 to form theframe assembly 1 that make upmodular structure 105; it consists of theend support sleeves 95 and the centerend support sleeve 93 that supports the end section of theshort beam 5 and the center section of thelong beam 3 when they are inserted; it consists of thecontact surface 99 that comes into contact with the end of theshort beam 5 is inserted into theend support sleeve 95. - For this reason, the center joint 11, similar to end
joints frame assembly 1 that formsmodular structure 105 to be made from lightweight materials while reducing structural weakness and increasing the efficiency during assembly. - The center
end support sleeve 93 of joint 11 encompasses and supports the mid-section of thelong beam 3, reducing the flexing of the beam. - Also, in this embodiment, the
joints long beam 3 and theshort beam 5, and theframe assembly 1 that make upmodular structure 105 can be easily disassembled. - Also, in this embodiment, because the structural strength of the
frame assembly 1 and themodular structure 105, as mentioned earlier, has been improved, any deformation of thelong beam 3, theshort beam 5 and thejoints - The said contact surfaces 67, 69, 87, 89, 91 and 99 sustain the applied loads attributed to the ends of the
long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 because they are in direct contact thereby also increasing the structure strength of theframe assembly 1 and themodular structure 105. - The contact surfaces 67, 87, 91 and 99 of the said
end support sleeves center support sleeve 93. - For this purpose, the applied loads of the
long beam 3 and theshort beam 5, through the contact surfaces 67, 87, 91 and 99, are conveyed to the otherend support sleeve center support sleeve 93 and thelong beam 3 and theshort beam 5 are supported by these surfaces. - As such, in this embodiment, the structural integrity of the
frame assembly 1 and themodular structure 105 is increased. -
End joints long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 easily, also strengthen the areas which are being stressed by applied loads. - The
frame assembly 1 in this embodiment, being an assembly formed from the connection of multiple numbers of the saidlong beam 3,short beam 5,joints - Moreover, besides the increased stiffness of the
frame assembly 1 throughjoints long beam 3 and theshort beam 5, together with thejoints - Also, through the appropriate combination of the
joints frame assembly 1, it is possible to expand the structure to the desired height and width, ensuring flexibility in changing the form. - The said lattical framework of the
frame assembly 1 is made up of opposingtop section 13 andbottom section 15, both connected at one end by theside section 17 to form a “C” frame. Providing other frame shapes may also be useful. - According, the
frame assembly 1 can be easily constructed such that it is open on 3 sides while being able to maintain its structural integrity. - The
modular structure 105 in this embodiment consists of theframe assembly 1 with eachrectangular cavity 23 attached withpanel 102, saidpanel 102 consisting of a pair ofpanels cavity 23, saidpanels frames cavity 23, and a pair of fasteners such asbolts 133 thatsecure panels - For this reason, in this embodiment, due to the manner in which the
frames cavity 23 and thepanels bolts 133, the inner face and the outer face of themodular structure 105 can be easily constructed. - Also, in
panel 102, as a result of securingpanels frame assembly 1, increasing the ease of installation and application. - In addition, there is no need for partially completed components for
panel 102, resulting in the ease of production, transportation, handling and management. - Also, it is possible to easily change the panels in response to the intended application.
- Moreover, the
frames panels panels modular structure 105. - At the same time, because the
frames panels frame assembly 1 by fitting into and supporting the frame aroundcavity 23, the structural strength of themodular structure 105 is further improved. - In the said arrangement, the corners of the
frames cavity 23 of theframe assembly 1 and against thelong beam 3 and theshort beam 5 within thecavity 23. In this manner, theframes long beam 3 and theshort beam 5 from flexing and the shaking or twisting of theframe assembly 1. - In the said frames 109 and 119, the multiple
vertical frame sections 113, due to the fact that it is connected at both ends tohorizontal frame section 115 to form a single structure, serves not only to strengthen the panels but and also allow the inclusion of materials such as insulation in the gaps between theframe sections 13. -
FIG. 13 is the perspective view of the embodiment 2 of the present invention which relates to the frame assembly of the modular structure,FIG. 14 is the cross-sectional view ofFIG. 13 ,FIG. 15 shows the joints being used for the frame assembly inFIG. 13 ,FIG. 16 shows the center joint being used in the frame assembly inFIG. 13 . Because the basic structure of this embodiment is the same as that ofembodiment 1, the structural components are numbered similarly and also added with an “A” and detailed explanation is omitted. - The
frame assembly 1A for this embodiment is similar toFIGS. 13 and 14 , end joint 135 and the center joint 137 are used for expansion of the structure. In this embodiment, theouter frame sections 19A of the upper section 13A, the lower section 15A and the side section 17A form fourcavities 23A. - The said end joint 135, as shown in
FIGS. 13 to 15 , is affixed between twoend joints 9 on either side and together with saidend joints 9 form the “C” structure of theframe assembly 1A. - The said end joint 135 is similar to the said joint 9 and has a pair of
end support sleeves end support sleeves 75A on either side. Theend support sleeves 75A form a “T” shape with theend support sleeve 73A. In other words, theend support sleeves 75A protrude from the outside of the twovertical walls 57 of theend support sleeve 73A. Between theend support sleeve 73A and theend support sleeves 75A,diagonal ribs - For the
end support sleeve 75A, it has anopening 85A into which theshort beam 5 will be inserted longitudinally to be supported. - For the said
end support sleeve 75A, thecontact face 91A is the outer face of thevertical wall 57 of theend support sleeve 73A, and theend 25 of theshort beam 5 will be coming into contact with it. - The center joint 137, as shown in
FIGS. 13 , 14 and 16, connects the mid-section of the innerlong beam 3, which is located to the inside of theouter frame section 19A, and the end section of theshort beam 5. This center joint 137 has twovertical walls end support sleeves 95A extend outwards to form an “X” shape body. - The said center joint 137 supports the mid-section of the
long beam 3 when it is inserted throughsupport sleeve 93A and also supportsshort beam 5 when it is inserted throughsupport sleeve 95A. Insupport sleeve 95A, theend 25 ofshort beam 5 will come into contact withcontact face 99. - In this embodiment, in addition to having the same functionality as the previous embodiment, the
frame assembly 1A can be expanded using the end joint 135 and center joint 137 and thereby distributing the applied loads more widely. - In this embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 17 , by using the end joint 135 and the center joint 137 appropriately, the frame assembly 1B can be further expanded. In this modified embodiment, theouter frame section 19A of the upper section 13A and the lower section 15A and the side section 17A form nine cavities 23B. - Accordingly, in the frame assembly 1B, the use of the end joint 135 and the center joint 137 to further expand the structure also allows it to distribute the load even further.
-
FIGS. 18 to 27 show the joints involved inembodiment 3 of the current invention. In this embodiment, because of the similarity toembodiments 1 and 2, the numbering of the respective component will be the same with the substitution of “C” for “A” and detailed descriptions will be omitted. - In this embodiment, as shown in
FIGS. 18 to 27 ,joints - The joint 139 in
FIG. 18 is an end joint that is essentially the end joint 9 inembodiment 1 added with anend support sleeve 141 in the rear face. - That is, joint 139 is formed by the
end support sleeve 141 on thevertical wall 55 on the rear face of end support joint 73C. With this, joint 139 forms a “T” shape body when viewed from the top and also from the side. - The said
end support sleeve 141 is longer than the end support joint 71C.End support sleeve 141 and the corner ofend support sleeve 73C include adiagonal rib 77C for additional support. - The joint 140 in
FIG. 19 is the diametrically opposite version of joint 139 inFIG. 18 . - The joint 149 in
FIG. 20 forms a center joint and is the center joint 11 inembodiment 1 with an additionend support sleeve 143 extending from the bottom face. - That is to say that joint 149 is formed at the center section on the lower face of the
center support sleeve 93C, protruding fromvertical wall 57 to formend support sleeve 143. - The joint 157 in
FIG. 21 is an end joint that is formed with the addition of theend support sleeve 141 to the rear face of end joint 135 in embodiment 2. - That is, joint 157 is formed by the addition of
end support sleeve 141 to thevertical wall 55 on the rear face of theend support sleeve 73C. With this, joint 157 forms a “T” shape body when viewed from the top and from the front. - The said
end support sleeve 141 is longer than theend support sleeve 71C, with thediagonal rib 77C located at the corner betweenend support sleeve 141 and endsupport sleeve 73C. - The joint 161 in
FIG. 22 is an end joint that is formed by the addition ofend support sleeve embodiment 1. - That is, joint 161 is formed by the addition of
end support sleeve 141 on thehorizontal wall 55 of the rear face ofend support sleeve 73C together with anend support sleeve 145 that extends from the top face of theend support sleeve 71C. With this, the joint 161 forms an “X” when viewed from the side. - The
end support sleeves end support sleeves end support sleeve end support sleeve diagonal reinforcement ribs 77C. - The joint 165 in
FIG. 23 is the diametrically opposite counterpart of the joint 161 inFIG. 22 . - The joint 167 in
FIG. 24 is a center joint that is formed whenend support sleeves embodiment 1. - That is, joint 167 is formed by the addition of
end support sleeve 143 on thevertical wall 55 of the mid-section of the bottom face ofcenter support sleeve 93C together with anend support sleeve 147 that extends from the top face of theend support sleeve 95C. With this, the joint 167 forms an “X” when viewed from the side. -
Joint 171 inFIG. 25 is a center joint and is formed with the addition of theend support sleeve 143 to the bottom face of the center joint 137 in said embodiment 2. - That is, joint 171 is formed by the addition of
end support sleeve 143 on thevertical wall 55 of the bottom mid-section ofcenter support sleeve 93C. With this, joint 171 will form an “X” when viewed from the top and a “T” when view from the front. - In
FIG. 26 , the joint 175 is an end joint formed by the addition of theend support sleeve - That is, joint 175 is formed by the addition of
end support sleeve 141 on thevertical wall 55 of the rear face ofend support sleeve 73C. With this, the joint 175 looks like an “X” when viewed from the top. - In addition, the joint 175 is formed by the
end support sleeve 145 that is added to the top face of theend support sleeve 73C. With this, joint 175 looks like an “X” when viewed from the front and from the side. - At the corner section of the end support section between
end support sleeve diagonal ribs 77C. Thediagonal ribs 77C and 79C are also present at the corner section betweenend support sleeve 145 and theend sleeves - In
FIG. 27 , joint 179 is a center joint formed by the addition ofend support sleeve - That is, joint 179 is formed by the protrusion of
end support sleeves vertical wall 55 of the top face and mid-section of the bottom face ofcenter support sleeve 93C. With this, the joint 179 looks like an “X” when viewed from the top, the front and also from the side. -
FIG. 28 shows the perspective view of the frame assembly inembodiment 3 of the current invention,FIG. 29 is the perspective view of the frame assembly inFIG. 28 when viewed from the direction of the arrow “K”,FIG. 30 is the front view of the frame assembly inFIG. 28 ,FIG. 31 is the plan view of the frame assembly inFIG. 28 andFIG. 32 is the side view of the frame assembly inFIG. 28 . - In this embodiment, using the
joints FIGS. 28 to 32 , will be possible. - Frame assembly 1C as shown in
FIGS. 28 to 32 , for example, is formed by multiple “C” structures formed by theframe sections - The
frame sections frame assembly 1A in embodiment 2 and are located on opposing ends.Frame sections connect frame sections -
Frame section 187 is similar to frame assembly 1B in embodiment 2 and is connected to framesection 183 with the open end of the “C” frame facing each other.Frame section 187 is connected to theframe 189 next to it. -
Frame section 189 is formed by a “C” frame that faces the opposite direction to framesection 187. Thecavity 23C oftop section 193 and thebottom section 195 forframe 189 is larger by 1 extra row on each side when compared to theframe assembly 1A in embodiment 2, with ninecavities 23C. Theframe section 189 is connected to framesection 185 such that its opening of the “C” frame faces that offrame section 185. - In this embodiment, in addition to the advantages offered by the previous embodiment, can be expanded even further and also distribute the applied loads even more widely through the
joints - Also, in the frame assembly 1C, the “C”
frame structures frame structures - As described, the beams are configured to fit or inserted into the hollow sections of the sleeves of the joints. In other embodiments, the sleeves may be configured to fit or inserted into the hollow sections of the beams. In such embodiments, the sleeves of the joints may be solid or partially solid, while the beams have at least a hollow at the ends to accommodate the sleeves.
Claims (21)
1. A modular building system comprising:
a plurality of pre-fabricated joints having open-ended hollow arms extending orthogonally along at least two directional axes, as defined by a 3-dimensional rectangular coordinate system;
a plurality of pre-fabricated beams detachably insertable into the open-ends of the hollow arms of said joints; and
connectors removably securing said beams in the hollow arms of said joints; wherein
said joints and beams are assembled to build a variety of modular grid-frame structures in accordance with pre-determined assembly plans.
2. The modular building system according to claim 1 further comprising a plurality of pre-fabricated panels.
3. The modular building system according to claim 1 , wherein said joints and beams are made using a light-weight metal.
4. The modular building system according to claim 1 , wherein said joints and said beams are made of extruded aluminum.
5. The modular building system according to claim 1 , wherein said joints have up to six hollow arms extending orthogonally along directional axes, as defined by a 3-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
6. The modular building system according to claim 5 , wherein said joints further comprise at least one bracing member, said bracing member is diagonally positioned between two adjacent hollow arms extending along orthogonally along directional axes, as defined by a 3-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
7. The modular building system according to claim 5 , wherein said joints further comprise hollow arms of differing lengths extending along orthogonally along directional axes, as defined by a 3-dimensional rectangular coordinate system.
8. The modular building system according to claim 2 , wherein said panels comprising a first sheet member and a second sheet member.
9. The modular building system according to claim 8 , wherein said first sheet member is supported by a support-frame structure, and the support-frame correspondingly fits within an opening in the grid-frame structure formed by said joints and said beams.
10. The modular building system according to claim 8 , wherein said first sheet members is supported by a first support-frame structure and said second sheet member is supported by a second support-frame structure, and the first and second support-frame structures correspondingly fit within an opening in the grid-frame structure formed by said joints and said beams.
11. The modular building system according to claim 8 , wherein an insulative material is positioned between said first and second sheet members.
12. The modular building system according to claim 2 , wherein said connectors simultaneously secure said panels to the grid-frame structure.
13. The modular building system according to claim 1 , wherein said beam is a tube.
14. The modular building system according to claim 13 , wherein said beam has support members forming compartments within the tube.
15. The modular building system according to claim 13 , wherein said beam has support members forming a compartment within the tube for holding a reinforcing member.
16. The modular building system according to claim 15 , wherein said reinforcing member is a steel rod.
17. A modular building system comprising:
a plurality of pre-fabricated joints having sleeves extending along at least a first direction and a second direction;
a plurality of pre-fabricated beams which can mate with the sleeves of the joints; and
a locking mechanism for securing the beams and the joints when the beams and the joints are mated; wherein
the joints and beams are assembled to build a variety of modular frame structures in accordance with a pre-determined assembly plan.
18. The modular building system of claim 17
wherein:
the sleeves of the joints include hollow sections; and
the beams are mated with the joints by inserting the beams into the hollow sections of the joints.
19. The modular building system of claim 17
wherein:
the beams include hollow sections; and
the beams are mated with the joints by inserting the sleeves of the joints into the hollow sections of the beams.
20. The modular building system of claim 17
wherein:
the first and second directions are orthogonal to each other.
21. The modular building system of claim 17
wherein:
a disengaged locking mechanism enables unmating of the beams and joints.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SG2011/000025 WO2012099531A1 (en) | 2011-01-17 | 2011-01-18 | Multi-purpose mobile modular structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010-012610 | 2010-01-22 | ||
JP2010-012609 | 2010-01-22 | ||
JP2010012610A JP2011149234A (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-01-22 | Panel and module structure using the same |
JP2010012609A JP2011149233A (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2010-01-22 | Joint, skeleton assembly using the same, and module structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110179741A1 true US20110179741A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
Family
ID=44307883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/007,667 Abandoned US20110179741A1 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2011-01-17 | Multi-purpose mobile modular structure |
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US (1) | US20110179741A1 (en) |
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US10982699B2 (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2021-04-20 | Steve Bright | Modular frame assembly |
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USD939106S1 (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2021-12-21 | 2724889 Ontario Inc. | Connector for a modular structure |
USD938770S1 (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2021-12-21 | 2724889 Ontario Inc. | Connector |
USD939731S1 (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2021-12-28 | 2724889 Ontario Inc. | Connector for a modular structure |
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