US20110155817A1 - Expansion valve - Google Patents

Expansion valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110155817A1
US20110155817A1 US12/997,157 US99715709A US2011155817A1 US 20110155817 A1 US20110155817 A1 US 20110155817A1 US 99715709 A US99715709 A US 99715709A US 2011155817 A1 US2011155817 A1 US 2011155817A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
expansion valve
port
circuits
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/997,157
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Parker
David Wrocklage
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Parker Hannifin Corp
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US12/997,157 priority Critical patent/US20110155817A1/en
Assigned to PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION reassignment PARKER-HANNIFIN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PARKER, CHRISTIAN, WROCKLAGE, DAVID
Publication of US20110155817A1 publication Critical patent/US20110155817A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/04—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K19/00—Arrangements of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/35—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by rotary motors, e.g. by stepping motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • F25B41/42—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions
    • F25B41/45—Arrangements for diverging or converging flows, e.g. branch lines or junctions for flow control on the upstream side of the diverging point, e.g. with spiral structure for generating turbulence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/16—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F25B39/028—Evaporators having distributing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, in general, to a distributor expansion valve of a heat pump system, and in particular, to a distributor expansion valve having a radial mixing chamber wherein the hot gas inlet to the chamber is offset from axial centerline of the valve to promote mixing of hot gas and liquid entering the radial mixing chamber.
  • a heat pump system can be used to control the temperature of a certain medium such as, for example, the air inside of a building.
  • a heat pump system generally comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and a series of lines (e.g., pipes, tubes, ducts) connecting these components together so that a refrigerant fluid can cycle therethrough.
  • the evaporator is located adjacent to or within the medium (e.g., it is located inside the building) and the condenser is located remote from the medium (e.g., it is located outside of the building).
  • refrigerant fluid enters the heat-absorbing component as a low pressure and low-temperature vapor-liquid.
  • the vapor-liquid passes through the heat-absorbing component, it is boiled into a low pressure gas state.
  • the fluid passes through the compressor, which increases the pressure and temperature of the gas.
  • the high pressure and high temperature gas passes through the heat-rejecting component whereat it is condensed to a liquid.
  • a heat pump system will often include an expansion valve immediately (or almost immediately) upstream of the heat-absorbing component.
  • the pressure of the fluid is reduced (e.g., the expansion valve throttles the fluid) and fluid is converted to a low pressure and low temperature vapor/liquid state. This low pressure and low temperature vapor/liquid is received by the heat-absorbing component to complete the cycle.
  • a heat pump cycle will often also include a distributor downstream of the expansion valve.
  • a distributor commonly includes a mixing compartment whereat fluid is evenly distributed to a plurality of tubes which feed the multiple circuits of the heat-absorbing component.
  • a distributor can also include a flow restriction (e.g., a nozzle) upstream of its mixing compartment which increases the velocity of the fluid just prior to its entry into the mixing compartment to promote a turbulent mixing of liquid and vapor phases.
  • an expansion-distribution assembly may be positioned at the end of the evaporator which is its inlet when fluid travels in the first direction and/or may be positioned at the end of the condenser, which is its inlet when fluid travels in the second direction.
  • At least one embodiment of the invention provides an expansion valve assembly comprising a distributor body having a liquid inlet, a port having a selectively moveable pin to allow liquid from the liquid inlet past the port, a gas inlet, a mixing chamber, and a plurality of circuits; wherein the mixing chamber is positioned between the port and the plurality of circuits, the mixing chamber having an axial centerline that is the axial centerline of the valve; wherein the port extends into the mixing chamber forming an annular interior wall of the mixing chamber; wherein the gas inlet has an axial centerline that is offset from the axial centerline of the mixing chamber; wherein the axial end of the mixing chamber is blended radially inward toward an axial inlet to the plurality of circuits.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the expansion valve of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional, perspective view of the expansion valve shown in FIG. 1 , highlighting the orientation of the hot gas in tube and the radial mixing chamber;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional, perspective view of the expansion valve shown in FIG. 1 , the cross-section taken through the center of the distributor body and the liquid line;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional, perspective view of the expansion valve shown in FIG. 1 , highlighting the nozzle of the hot gas in tube and the radial mixing chamber;
  • FIG. 5 is another partial cross-sectional, perspective view of the expansion valve shown in FIG. 1 , highlighting the nozzle of the hot gas in tube and the radial mixing chamber;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the distributor body and the hot gas in tube of the valve shown in FIG. 1 , highlighting the tapered shroud and the blended bowl forming the radial mixing chamber.
  • the present invention relates to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/739,069, filed Apr. 23, 2007, and herein incorporated by reference.
  • the referenced application is a device that combines a stepper motor actuator into a distributor body to provide proper system pressure drop and variable orifice control of refrigerant entering the evaporating coil via circuit tubes.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the expansion valve 10 of the present invention is shown with a motor drive 20 , a distributor body 30 having a liquid line 40 , a gas tube 50 , and coil circuits 60 attached thereto.
  • the valve 10 utilizes a mixing chamber 32 , referred to herein as a radial mixing chamber, shown in cross-section with the gas tube 50 in FIG. 2 .
  • the gas tube 50 providing hot gas flow into the distributor body 30 , is generally tangentially located with respect to the radial mixing chamber 32 . More particularly, the gas tube 50 has an axial centerline B which is shown offset O and parallel to a radial centerline C of the valve 10 perpendicular to the axial centerline A (not shown) of the valve 10 .
  • the distributor body includes a port 34 and a pin 35 which controls the flow of liquid, entering the distributor body 30 from the liquid line 40 (see arrows depicting flow through valve 10 ), to the radial mixing chamber 32 .
  • the axial centerline of the valve 10 and distributor body 30 is shown at A.
  • the hot gas flowing tangentially into the chamber 32 from the gas tube 50 will provide violent mixing of two-phase refrigerant leaving the port 34 and hot gas entering the “hot gas” tube 50 .
  • the mixing is accomplished by the “swirling” effect and temperature differential of the hot gas flow into the two-phase mixture leaving the port 34 .
  • This mixing will theoretically provide a homogeneous mixture of liquid/vapor refrigerant before it enters the circuits 36 , which provide passageways for the homogenous liquid/vapor mix to enter the coil circuits 60 .
  • the amount of hot gas flow entering the mixing chamber 32 can be mechanically or electronically controlled separately in response to system conditions. It is advantageous to flow hot gas at low load conditions into the chamber 32 to properly mix low velocity two-phase refrigerant leaving the port 34 . This addition of hot gas at low flow provides proper refrigerant mixing, helps maintain high refrigerant velocities for proper distribution and may also aid in reducing the potential of oil logging in the refrigerant coil. It is also contemplated that a properly sized nozzle 52 can be inserted into the hot gas tube at the entrance to the mixing chamber to accelerate the hot gas as it enters the mixing chamber 32 , as best shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 with the hot gas flow shown with arrows.
  • the port 34 is formed with a cone shaped 33 portion.
  • This proposed design also allows the system to operate in reverse cycle whereas the subcooled liquid refrigerant would flow back up through the circuits, into the mixing chamber and out the gas port.
  • the reverse cycle flow is typical in previous designs, such as distributors with auxiliary side connectors.
  • the proposed invention would provide one component to operate and meet all demands, assuming the component is sized to meet maximum capacity.
  • Hot gas from the discharge line could be supplied to the proposed invention at low load operation. This, in turn, would provide rapid mixing of low velocity two-phase refrigerant inside the “radial mixing chamber”. Increased homogenous refrigerant velocities help feed each coil circuit with the same amount of refrigerant for improved distribution. Oil logging would also be reduced or eliminated due to the increase of refrigerant velocity.
  • the compressors would also remain loaded to avoid “short cycling” or hard starts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
US12/997,157 2008-06-09 2009-06-09 Expansion valve Abandoned US20110155817A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/997,157 US20110155817A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-06-09 Expansion valve

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5990208P 2008-06-09 2008-06-09
US12/997,157 US20110155817A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-06-09 Expansion valve
PCT/US2009/046690 WO2009152123A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-06-09 Expansion valve

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110155817A1 true US20110155817A1 (en) 2011-06-30

Family

ID=41077701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/997,157 Abandoned US20110155817A1 (en) 2008-06-09 2009-06-09 Expansion valve

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110155817A1 (da)
EP (1) EP2304285B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE555338T1 (da)
DK (1) DK2304285T3 (da)
WO (1) WO2009152123A1 (da)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100313585A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2010-12-16 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly

Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924079A (en) * 1958-06-09 1960-02-09 Sporlan Valve Company Inc Reversible cycle refrigeration system
US3371501A (en) * 1966-06-20 1968-03-05 Carrier Corp Refrigerant system expansion means
US3498074A (en) * 1966-11-23 1970-03-03 Ranco Inc Control system for refrigerating apparatus
US3590592A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-07-06 Carrier Corp Refrigerant system expansion means
US4448038A (en) * 1979-10-01 1984-05-15 Sporlan Valve Company Refrigeration control system for modulating electrically-operated expansion valves
US4593881A (en) * 1982-10-27 1986-06-10 System Homes Company, Ltd. Electronic expansion valve
US5454233A (en) * 1994-09-07 1995-10-03 Chrysler Corporation Expansion valve and receiver assembly
US20030211198A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-11-13 Gill Joseph R. Check valve assembly for injection molding apparatus
US6779355B2 (en) * 2001-05-01 2004-08-24 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration device
US20040211199A1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2004-10-28 Yukikatsu Ozaki Vapor-compression refrigerant cycle with ejector
US20050016209A1 (en) * 2002-02-27 2005-01-27 Huelle Zbigniew Ryszard Coolant distributor
US6866092B1 (en) * 1981-02-19 2005-03-15 Stephen Molivadas Two-phase heat-transfer systems
US6898945B1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-05-31 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products, Llc Modular adjustable nozzle and distributor assembly for a refrigeration system
US20060107689A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2006-05-25 Nungesser Roy J Fluid expansion-distribution assembly
US20060179856A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Multi type air-conditioner and control method thereof
CN1834509A (zh) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-20 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 一种具导流功能的热力膨胀阀
US7143602B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2006-12-05 Denso Corporation Ejector-type depressurizer for vapor compression refrigeration system
US7254961B2 (en) * 2004-02-18 2007-08-14 Denso Corporation Vapor compression cycle having ejector
US20070245769A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly
US20100313585A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2010-12-16 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB243492A (en) * 1924-10-14 1925-12-03 James Park Improvements in and relating to vapour compression refrigerating machinery
US2084755A (en) * 1935-05-03 1937-06-22 Carrier Corp Refrigerant distributor
US2707868A (en) 1951-06-29 1955-05-10 Goodman William Refrigerating system, including a mixing valve
JP4118254B2 (ja) * 2004-06-18 2008-07-16 三洋電機株式会社 冷凍装置

Patent Citations (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924079A (en) * 1958-06-09 1960-02-09 Sporlan Valve Company Inc Reversible cycle refrigeration system
US3371501A (en) * 1966-06-20 1968-03-05 Carrier Corp Refrigerant system expansion means
US3498074A (en) * 1966-11-23 1970-03-03 Ranco Inc Control system for refrigerating apparatus
US3590592A (en) * 1969-06-23 1971-07-06 Carrier Corp Refrigerant system expansion means
US4448038A (en) * 1979-10-01 1984-05-15 Sporlan Valve Company Refrigeration control system for modulating electrically-operated expansion valves
US6866092B1 (en) * 1981-02-19 2005-03-15 Stephen Molivadas Two-phase heat-transfer systems
US4593881A (en) * 1982-10-27 1986-06-10 System Homes Company, Ltd. Electronic expansion valve
US5454233A (en) * 1994-09-07 1995-10-03 Chrysler Corporation Expansion valve and receiver assembly
US6779355B2 (en) * 2001-05-01 2004-08-24 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration device
US20030211198A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-11-13 Gill Joseph R. Check valve assembly for injection molding apparatus
US20050016209A1 (en) * 2002-02-27 2005-01-27 Huelle Zbigniew Ryszard Coolant distributor
US7143602B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2006-12-05 Denso Corporation Ejector-type depressurizer for vapor compression refrigeration system
US20040211199A1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2004-10-28 Yukikatsu Ozaki Vapor-compression refrigerant cycle with ejector
US6898945B1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-05-31 Heatcraft Refrigeration Products, Llc Modular adjustable nozzle and distributor assembly for a refrigeration system
US7254961B2 (en) * 2004-02-18 2007-08-14 Denso Corporation Vapor compression cycle having ejector
US20060107689A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2006-05-25 Nungesser Roy J Fluid expansion-distribution assembly
US20060179856A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Multi type air-conditioner and control method thereof
CN1834509A (zh) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-20 浙江三花制冷集团有限公司 一种具导流功能的热力膨胀阀
US20070245769A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly
US20100313585A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2010-12-16 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Machine Translation of CN 1834509 A, Liu et al., 09-2006, machine translated May 2013. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100313585A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2010-12-16 Parker Christian D Fluid expansion-distribution assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE555338T1 (de) 2012-05-15
DK2304285T3 (da) 2012-07-23
EP2304285A1 (en) 2011-04-06
WO2009152123A1 (en) 2009-12-17
EP2304285B1 (en) 2012-04-25

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