US20100162691A1 - Method of diagnosing the presence of an exhaust after-treatment component and a use of the method for vehicle on-board diagnosis - Google Patents

Method of diagnosing the presence of an exhaust after-treatment component and a use of the method for vehicle on-board diagnosis Download PDF

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US20100162691A1
US20100162691A1 US11/909,578 US90957805A US2010162691A1 US 20100162691 A1 US20100162691 A1 US 20100162691A1 US 90957805 A US90957805 A US 90957805A US 2010162691 A1 US2010162691 A1 US 2010162691A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature signal
aftertreatment component
temperature
modified
exhaust
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US11/909,578
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US7752901B1 (en
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Charlotte Holmen
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Volvo Truck Corp
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Volvo Lastvagnar AB
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Assigned to VOLVO LASTVAGNAR AB reassignment VOLVO LASTVAGNAR AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HOLMEN, CHARLOTTE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/24—Determining the presence or absence of an exhaust treating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing the presence of an internal combustion engine exhaust aftertreatment component on a vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system for utilizing the invention is illustrated diagrammatically.
  • FIG. 2 is a first graph illustrating temperature variations in the exhaust aftertreatment system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a second graph illustrating temperature variations in the exhaust aftertreatment system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general configuration of an exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine 10 , including a first exhaust pipe segment 11 leading exhausts from the engine to a pre-catalyst 12 .
  • the pre-catalyst is connected to a selective catalyst reactor 13 via a second exhaust pipe segment 14 .
  • a third exhaust pipe segment 15 leads exhausts from the reactor 13 to the atmosphere.
  • a temperature sensor 16 is positioned at the second exhaust pipe segment 14 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust stream exiting the pre-catalyst 12 .
  • the temperature is measured continuously over a time period to provide a first temperature signal with fluctuating amplitude that is recorded by a data processor 17 .
  • a typical temperature/time graph is shown in FIG. 2 . Due to the fact that the pre-catalyst 12 comprises a thermic mass, i.e. the reactor monolith, the exhaust temperature variations are filtered when the exhaust stream passes through the pre-catalyst.
  • FIG. 3 An example of a typical un-filtered temperature graph is shown in FIG. 3 , showing temperature variations with higher frequency than in FIG. 2 . If the pre-catalyst 12 is not present in the exhaust aftertreatment system, the temperature sensor 16 will provide a signal with a similar signature as the graph shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the recorded temperature signal is modified by the data processor 17 to provide a second modified temperature signal.
  • the first and second temperature signals are compared to detect any significant difference between the signals.
  • the modified signal may be obtained by any type of analysis of the temperature signal that is based on signal frequency or signal derivative. For example, a low-pass filter in the data processor 17 may be used for removing signals with frequency over a certain level.
  • the first signal will have a signature similar to the graph of FIG. 3 .
  • the signal has been modified by means of the data processor 17 , the resulting second signal will have a signature similar to the graph of FIG. 2 .
  • the comparison between the two signals positively indicates that no catalyst reactor monolith is present upstream the temperature sensor 16 .
  • both first and second signals will have signatures similar to the graph of FIG. 2 .
  • the comparison between the two signals positively indicates that a thermic mass, e.g. a catalyst reactor monolith is present in the aftertreatment system upstream the temperature sensor 16 .
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to any type of aftertreatment component, as long as it comprises a thermic mass.
  • the aftertreatment component may for example be a particle filter. It is preferable that the aftertreatment component being diagnosed with the method according to the invention has a larger thermic mass than any other aftertreatment component positioned upstream.
  • the comparison of the two temperature signals can be performed in many different ways, both analogical and digital.

Abstract

In a method for diagnosing the presence of an internal combustion engine exhaust aftertreatment component on a vehicle, the exhaust temperature is measured downstream the aftertreatment component continuously over a time period to provide a first temperature signal with fluctuating amplitude. The temperature signal is modified to provide a second modified temperature signal. The first and second temperature signals are compared to detect any significant difference between the signals.

Description

    BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
  • The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing the presence of an internal combustion engine exhaust aftertreatment component on a vehicle.
  • In recent years, statutory requirements pertaining to emissions from Diesel engines have been tightened up. For example, new legislation regarding on-board diagnosis requires that the presence of a so-called pre-catalyst is determined.
  • It is desirable to provide a method to determine whether an aftertreatment component in an aftertreatment system is present or not.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • In FIG. 1, an internal combustion engine with an exhaust aftertreatment system for utilizing the invention is illustrated diagrammatically.
  • FIG. 2 is a first graph illustrating temperature variations in the exhaust aftertreatment system shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a second graph illustrating temperature variations in the exhaust aftertreatment system.
    •  DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • FIG. 1 shows a general configuration of an exhaust aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine 10, including a first exhaust pipe segment 11 leading exhausts from the engine to a pre-catalyst 12. The pre-catalyst is connected to a selective catalyst reactor 13 via a second exhaust pipe segment 14. A third exhaust pipe segment 15 leads exhausts from the reactor 13 to the atmosphere.
  • A temperature sensor 16 is positioned at the second exhaust pipe segment 14 for measuring the temperature of the exhaust stream exiting the pre-catalyst 12. The temperature is measured continuously over a time period to provide a first temperature signal with fluctuating amplitude that is recorded by a data processor 17. A typical temperature/time graph is shown in FIG. 2. Due to the fact that the pre-catalyst 12 comprises a thermic mass, i.e. the reactor monolith, the exhaust temperature variations are filtered when the exhaust stream passes through the pre-catalyst.
  • An example of a typical un-filtered temperature graph is shown in FIG. 3, showing temperature variations with higher frequency than in FIG. 2. If the pre-catalyst 12 is not present in the exhaust aftertreatment system, the temperature sensor 16 will provide a signal with a similar signature as the graph shown in FIG. 3.
  • The recorded temperature signal is modified by the data processor 17 to provide a second modified temperature signal. The first and second temperature signals are compared to detect any significant difference between the signals. The modified signal may be obtained by any type of analysis of the temperature signal that is based on signal frequency or signal derivative. For example, a low-pass filter in the data processor 17 may be used for removing signals with frequency over a certain level. By integrating the unfiltered and filtered temperature signals and calculating the difference between the two, it is possible to determine whether the catalyst reactor monolith is present. A large difference is the result when the monolith is missing and a small difference when the monolith is present.
  • If the pre-catalyst is not present in the aftertreatment system, the first signal will have a signature similar to the graph of FIG. 3. When the signal has been modified by means of the data processor 17, the resulting second signal will have a signature similar to the graph of FIG. 2. Thus, the comparison between the two signals positively indicates that no catalyst reactor monolith is present upstream the temperature sensor 16.
  • If the pre-catalyst is present, both first and second signals will have signatures similar to the graph of FIG. 2. Thus, the comparison between the two signals positively indicates that a thermic mass, e.g. a catalyst reactor monolith is present in the aftertreatment system upstream the temperature sensor 16.
  • The invention is not to be regarded as being limited to the illustrative embodiments described above, but a number of variants and modifications are possible within the scope of the following patent claims. For example, the method according to the invention can be applied to any type of aftertreatment component, as long as it comprises a thermic mass. The aftertreatment component may for example be a particle filter. It is preferable that the aftertreatment component being diagnosed with the method according to the invention has a larger thermic mass than any other aftertreatment component positioned upstream. The comparison of the two temperature signals can be performed in many different ways, both analogical and digital.

Claims (11)

1. A method of diagnosing the presence of an internal combustion engine exhaust aftertreatment component on a vehicle using a single temperature signal source, wherin the aftertreatment component component comprises a thermic mass, comprising
measuring the exhaust temperature downstream of the aftertreatment component continuously over a time period to provide a first temperature signal with fluctuating amplitude,
modifying the temperature signal to provide a second modified temperature signal using a temperature signal analysis based on signal frequency or signal derivative, and
comparing the first temperature signal and the second modified temperature signal to determine whether there is a difference between the signals.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the aftertreatment component is a catalyst reactor.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the aftertreatment component is positioned as a first aftertreatment component downstream of the engine.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein modifying comprises filtering the temperature signal.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the first temperature signal is unfiltered, the method comprising integrating both the first temperature signal and the second modified filtered temperature signal and calculating a difference between the two integrals.
6. Use of a method according to claim 1 for on-board diagnosis of presence of a catalyst reactor in an exhaust aftertreatment system of a vehicle.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the aftertreatment component is positioned as a first aftertreatment component downstream of the engine.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein modifying comprises filtering the temperature signal.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the first temperature signal is unfiltered, the method comprising integrating both the first temperature signal and the second modified temperature signal and calculating a difference between the two integrals.
10. A method according to claim 2, wherein modifying comprises filtering the temperature signal.
11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the first temperature signal is unfiltered, the method comprising integrating both the first temperature signal and the second modified temperature signal and calculating a difference between the two integrals.
US11/909,578 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Method of diagnosing the presence of an exhaust after-treatment component and a use of the method for vehicle on-board diagnosis Active 2026-09-15 US7752901B1 (en)

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EP (1) EP1875054B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4500359B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100562654C (en)
AT (1) ATE458903T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0520162B1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005019630D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006110071A1 (en)

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US20090210129A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2009-08-20 Renault S.A.S. Method and device for detecting the presence of an exhaust gas treatment system in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine
DE102014204327A1 (en) 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for checking the failure or presence of components in an exhaust system
US20160363032A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 Deere & Company Catalytic device detection system

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FR3019212B1 (en) * 2014-03-28 2019-03-22 Psa Automobiles Sa. MOTOR VEHICLE COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH PARTICLE FILTER ABSENCE DETECTION
US11636870B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-04-25 Denso International America, Inc. Smoking cessation systems and methods
US11881093B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2024-01-23 Denso International America, Inc. Systems and methods for identifying smoking in vehicles
US11828210B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-11-28 Denso International America, Inc. Diagnostic systems and methods of vehicles using olfaction
US11813926B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-11-14 Denso International America, Inc. Binding agent and olfaction sensor
US11760169B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-09-19 Denso International America, Inc. Particulate control systems and methods for olfaction sensors
US11932080B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2024-03-19 Denso International America, Inc. Diagnostic and recirculation control systems and methods
US11760170B2 (en) 2020-08-20 2023-09-19 Denso International America, Inc. Olfaction sensor preservation systems and methods
DE102020212231A1 (en) * 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Method for monitoring a sensor arranged in an exhaust gas area of an internal combustion engine

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US20160363032A1 (en) * 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 Deere & Company Catalytic device detection system
US10190470B2 (en) * 2015-06-15 2019-01-29 Deere & Company Catalytic device detection system

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US7752901B1 (en) 2010-07-13
JP2008536054A (en) 2008-09-04
ATE458903T1 (en) 2010-03-15
JP4500359B2 (en) 2010-07-14
WO2006110071A1 (en) 2006-10-19
CN101163867A (en) 2008-04-16
DE602005019630D1 (en) 2010-04-08
EP1875054B1 (en) 2010-02-24
EP1875054A1 (en) 2008-01-09
BRPI0520162B1 (en) 2019-04-30
BRPI0520162A2 (en) 2009-04-22
CN100562654C (en) 2009-11-25

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