US20100104446A1 - Fabricated hybrid turbine blade - Google Patents

Fabricated hybrid turbine blade Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100104446A1
US20100104446A1 US12/259,599 US25959908A US2010104446A1 US 20100104446 A1 US20100104446 A1 US 20100104446A1 US 25959908 A US25959908 A US 25959908A US 2010104446 A1 US2010104446 A1 US 2010104446A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blade
turbine
support structure
honeycomb skin
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/259,599
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English (en)
Inventor
James William Vehr
Paul Stephen DiMascio
Bradley Taylor Boyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US12/259,599 priority Critical patent/US20100104446A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DIMASCIO, PAUL STEPHEN, BOYER, BRADLEY TAYLOR, VEHR, JAMES WILLIAM
Priority to EP09173888A priority patent/EP2182168A1/en
Priority to JP2009245093A priority patent/JP2010106833A/ja
Priority to CN200910207871A priority patent/CN101725372A/zh
Publication of US20100104446A1 publication Critical patent/US20100104446A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/28—Three-dimensional patterned
    • F05D2250/283—Three-dimensional patterned honeycomb
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention herein relates to rotating components for a turbine and in particular to embodiments of turbine blades.
  • Turbine engines such as those used for aircraft propulsion and power generation, rely upon arrays of aerodynamic blades for turning of a central shaft.
  • the blade may be subjected to thermal stress arising from combustion gases.
  • all of the blades also referred to as “buckets” are subject to mechanical stress associated with rotation about a central axis of the shaft.
  • the invention includes a blade for a turbine, the blade including: a support structure of high strength material, as a central portion of the blade, the support structure including a root and a body extending to a tip, the body providing a leading edge, a trailing edge and a mounting section; and a honeycomb skin attached to the mounting section for providing a lightweight airfoil portion of the blade.
  • the invention includes a method for fabricating a blade for a turbine, the method including: using a high strength material, forming a central portion of the blade, the central portion including a root and a body extending to a tip, the body providing a leading edge, a trailing edge and mounting section; and attaching a honeycomb skin to a surface of the central portion to provide an airfoil of the blade.
  • the invention includes a turbine including: at least one blade including a support structure of high strength material, the support structure including a root and a body extending to a tip, the body providing a leading edge, a trailing edge and a mounting section; and a honeycomb skin attached to the mounting section for providing a lightweight airfoil portion of the blade.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B collectively referred to herein as FIG. 1 , depict aspects of an aircraft gas turbine and a power generation gas turbine;
  • FIG. 2 depicts aspects of a turbine blade fabricated according to the teachings herein;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of a support structure for the turbine blade of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are cross sectional views of the turbine blade, depicting a leading edge and a trailing edge, respectively;
  • FIG. 5A , FIG. 5B , and FIG. 5C depict dimensional aspects of embodiments of honeycomb material used in the blade.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a portion of the turbine blade airfoil.
  • FIG. 1 there are shown two examples of a turbine 1 suited for practice of the invention.
  • FIG. 1A there is shown an aircraft gas turbine 1 .
  • the aircraft gas turbine 1 includes various turbine blades, or “buckets.”
  • the blades are generally aerodynamic structures mounted circumferentially about a shaft which is centered in an axis of rotation.
  • a compressor 2 having a plurality of blades for compressing intake air.
  • a low-pressure-turbine 3 includes a plurality of blades for receiving combustion gases from a combustion chamber within the turbine 1 .
  • FIG. 1B there is shown a power generation gas turbine 1 .
  • the power generation gas turbine 1 also includes the compressor 2 , and may further include additional pluralities of blades, such as in a latter stage 6 and within a steam turbine 5 . Also shown, for perspective, is a generator 4 used for generation of electrical power from rotation of the shaft of the power generation gas turbine 1 . In either embodiment of the turbine 1 , the various blades will rotate about an axis of rotation, R.
  • compressor low pressure turbine
  • steam turbine steam turbine
  • the blade 10 includes a section generally referred to as a “tip” 11 , a section generally referred to as a “root” 12 , and a section generally referred to as a “body” 13 .
  • the tip 11 When installed in the gas turbine 1 , the tip 11 is generally located near an inner wall of a housing to the gas turbine 1 , and may be located within grooves or other such devices useful for ensuring alignment, strength, efficiency or other aspects of operation.
  • the root 12 is a section of the blade 10 that provides for anchoring of the blade 10 about the central shaft which is centered in the axis of rotation, R.
  • the body 13 of the blade 10 is of an aerodynamic form and provides for at least one of compressing gas in the compressor 2 , or receiving expanding gas, such as in the low pressure turbine 3 , latter stages 6 or the steam turbine 5 .
  • the blade 10 includes a high strength support structure 21 .
  • the high strength support structure 21 assumes an aerodynamic shape near the root (refer to sections D-D and C-C in FIG. 2 ), and gradually diminishes in stature to what is generally a flat or substantially flat spine for the blade 10 (refer to sections B-B and then A-A in FIG. 2 ).
  • the high strength support structure 21 is of a curved, slightly offset or of some other shape such that it is of a profile that is reduced or smaller than the profile for a completed blade 10 .
  • the tapering down of the high strength support structure 21 provides for a complimentary use of a honeycomb skin 23 which is coupled to the surface of the high strength support structure 21 .
  • the high strength support structure 21 may be referred to as a “core” or a “central portion” and by other similar terms.
  • the honeycomb skin 23 may be referred to as providing a “airfoil” “an aerodynamic portion” and by other similar terms.
  • Exemplary materials for the high strength support structure 21 and the honeycomb skin 23 include alloys such as a superalloy, a cobalt based alloy, a hardened alloy, a carbide based alloy, a nickel based alloy, a undirectionally solidified alloy, an iron based alloy, a wrought austenitic stainless steel, a martensitic stainless steel, a ferritic stainless steel, a carbon steel, a common titanium alloy and an inter-metallic titanium alloy.
  • a ceramic matrix composite material may be used.
  • the high strength support structure 21 may be fabricated using various techniques, such as, without limitation, casting, forging, welding (such as to assemble various parts), brazing, sanding, polishing, etching and the like. Fabrication of the high strength support structure 21 may include execution of combinations of techniques and through various stages of assembly.
  • the high strength support structure 21 includes one to many perforations (not shown). In further embodiments, the high strength support structure 21 may include at least one of concave and convex gripping features. In such embodiments, the perforations and the gripping features 24 (examples being shown in FIGS. 4B and 5C ) may provide for reduced weight, improved attaching of the honeycomb skin 23 and other such enhancements.
  • the honeycomb skin 23 may be attached to the high strength support structure 21 by use of various techniques.
  • the honeycomb skin 23 may be at least one of brazed, such as by using braze tapes or powder, welded such as by fusion welding, bonded, such as by diffusion bonding and attached by other techniques.
  • the honeycomb skin 23 is attached to the high strength support structure 21 using techniques that provide for durable operation of the blade 10 under normal operating conditions.
  • the high strength support structure 21 generally includes a section for a leading edge 31 and another section for a trailing edge 32 .
  • an intermediate area between the leading edge 31 and the trailing edge 32 is generally flat, or substantially flat.
  • the flat or substantially flat portion of intermediate area is provided as a mounting section 33 for mounting of the honeycomb skin 23 .
  • the leading edge 31 includes an overlap 41 .
  • the trailing edge 32 includes the overlap 41 .
  • the overlap 41 may be formed of a comparatively thin layer of material used in the honeycomb skin 23 .
  • at least one of the leading edge 31 and the trailing edge 32 include a recessed zone for accepting the overlap 41 while providing for a smooth transition to material of the high strength support structure 21 .
  • the recessed zone may be included by a variety of techniques, such as, for example, machining, casting, etching and the like. Included in the recessed zone may be at least one gripping feature 24 .
  • the gripping feature 24 generally provides an irregular surface feature to improve the attachment of the overlap 41 or the honeycomb skin 23 .
  • FIG. 5A provides a side cross-sectional view of the honeycomb skin 23 .
  • each intersection 51 within the honeycomb skin 23 at a vertex of a honeycomb cell 55 includes an orientation angle of between about 20° to about 70°.
  • the orientation angle is selected to reduce concentration of stress at the intersection 51 .
  • the honeycomb skin 23 may be oriented in any manner desired, such as in a manner that provides for reduced stress. In one embodiment, the orientation may be elliptical.
  • An aspect ratio (Height, H, divided by Width, W (H/W)) for each cell 55 is about 2.5.
  • the aspect ratio may range from about 0.5 to about 6.
  • an angle formed between a wall of each cell 55 and a plane that is normal (denoted as “N”) to a face of the mounting portion 33 is between about ⁇ 60° to about +60°.
  • the honeycomb skin 23 includes an outer surface 52 , and may optionally include an inner surface 53 .
  • the outer surface 52 provides a smooth and aerodynamic surface for transition of gas over the blade 10 .
  • the optional inner surface 53 may be included to improve attachment to the high strength support structure 21 , as well as to provide for improved strength of the honeycomb skin 23 during at least assembly processes.
  • FIG. 5C is another example of the gripping feature 24 .
  • the blade 10 includes a length L of honeycomb skin 23 that extends from about the tip 11 to some point along the body 13 of the blade 10 .
  • the length L may extend from about the tip 11 to about the root 12 .
  • the length, L starts at some distance from the tip 11 , extending at least one of toward the root 12 and to the root 12 .
  • the honeycomb skin 23 need not have a uniform terminal edge 61 , shown in FIG. 6 as perpendicular to the airfoil stacking axis.
  • the terminal edge 61 of the honeycomb skin 23 may be shaped, such as according to the airfoil design, as indicated by the dashed line.
  • the blade 10 may be implemented as a rotating component in any one of an aircraft engine (gas turbine 1 ), power generation gas turbine 1 and steam turbine 1 .
  • the blade 10 may be implemented advantageously in the fan compressor forward stages and the low pressure turbine latter stages.
  • the blade 10 may be implemented advantageously in the compressor forward stages and the turbine latter stages.
  • the blade 10 could be implemented advantageously in the low pressure section where the rotating blades become very large.
  • the teachings herein provide for a large annulus area blade that uses a light weight honeycomb skin 23 forming an airfoil bonded (i.e., attached) to the high strength support structure 21 .
  • the high strength support structure 21 includes a thin wall casting or forging with a wall thickness less than about 0.03 inches at the tip 11 . In other embodiments, an overall reduction of weight for the blade 10 is about 50%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US12/259,599 2008-10-28 2008-10-28 Fabricated hybrid turbine blade Abandoned US20100104446A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/259,599 US20100104446A1 (en) 2008-10-28 2008-10-28 Fabricated hybrid turbine blade
EP09173888A EP2182168A1 (en) 2008-10-28 2009-10-23 Fabricated hybrid turbine blade
JP2009245093A JP2010106833A (ja) 2008-10-28 2009-10-26 ハイブリッドタービン動翼
CN200910207871A CN101725372A (zh) 2008-10-28 2009-10-28 组装式混合型涡轮机叶片

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/259,599 US20100104446A1 (en) 2008-10-28 2008-10-28 Fabricated hybrid turbine blade

Publications (1)

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US20100104446A1 true US20100104446A1 (en) 2010-04-29

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ID=41632091

Family Applications (1)

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US12/259,599 Abandoned US20100104446A1 (en) 2008-10-28 2008-10-28 Fabricated hybrid turbine blade

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20100104446A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2182168A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2010106833A (zh)
CN (1) CN101725372A (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160258297A1 (en) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-08 Techspace Aero S.A. Composite Compressor Blade for an Axial-Flow Turbomachine
EP3067519A1 (de) * 2015-03-04 2016-09-14 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Fanschaufel für einen flugantrieb
US9975175B2 (en) 2013-01-16 2018-05-22 General Electric Company Metallic structure
US20210324751A1 (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-21 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Multi-material vane for a gas turbine engine
US20230059927A1 (en) * 2020-09-10 2023-02-23 General Electric Company Turbine engine with shockwave attenuation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10260352B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2019-04-16 Siemens Energy, Inc. Gas turbine blade with corrugated tip wall
EP3433040B1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2023-01-25 Siemens Energy, Inc. Gas turbine blade with corrugated tip wall and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (17)

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US1992338A (en) * 1931-06-05 1935-02-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Propeller blade and method of making the same
US2939944A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-06-07 Budd Co Method of fabricating honeycomb grid reinforced structure
US3217807A (en) * 1964-08-28 1965-11-16 Bell Aerospace Corp Rotor blade
US3552881A (en) * 1968-05-20 1971-01-05 Westland Aircraft Ltd Construction of rotor blades for rotary wing aircraft
US3644059A (en) * 1970-06-05 1972-02-22 John K Bryan Cooled airfoil
US3782856A (en) * 1972-05-31 1974-01-01 United Aircraft Corp Composite aerodynamic blade with twin-beam spar
US4084367A (en) * 1975-11-14 1978-04-18 Haworth Mfg., Inc. Sound absorbing panel
US4382106A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-05-03 International Honeycomb Corporation Honeycomb panel with conformable surface
US4806077A (en) * 1986-07-28 1989-02-21 Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale Composite material blade with twin longeron and twin box structure having laminated honeycomb sandwich coverings and a method of manufacturing same
US5725354A (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-03-10 General Electric Company Forward swept fan blade
US5725355A (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-03-10 General Electric Company Adhesive bonded fan blade
US5975180A (en) * 1996-03-27 1999-11-02 Cardo Door France Machine for the production of panels including specified displacement means
US6372322B1 (en) * 1998-05-28 2002-04-16 Pactiv Corporation Shaped honeycomb structures and method and apparatus for making shaped honeycomb structures
US6607358B2 (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-08-19 General Electric Company Multi-component hybrid turbine blade
US20070065291A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 General Electric Company Hybrid blisk
US20100078985A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2010-04-01 Mahoney James F Engineered Molded Fiberboard Panels. Methods of Making the Panels, and Products Fabricated From the Panels
US20110038727A1 (en) * 2009-07-28 2011-02-17 University Of Kansas Method and apparatus for pressure adaptive morphing structure

Family Cites Families (3)

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JP4086415B2 (ja) * 1999-06-03 2008-05-14 株式会社荏原製作所 タービン装置
US7189064B2 (en) * 2004-05-14 2007-03-13 General Electric Company Friction stir welded hollow airfoils and method therefor
GB0613441D0 (en) * 2006-07-06 2006-08-16 Rolls Royce Plc Blades

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1992338A (en) * 1931-06-05 1935-02-26 Bendix Aviat Corp Propeller blade and method of making the same
US2939944A (en) * 1957-03-18 1960-06-07 Budd Co Method of fabricating honeycomb grid reinforced structure
US3217807A (en) * 1964-08-28 1965-11-16 Bell Aerospace Corp Rotor blade
US3552881A (en) * 1968-05-20 1971-01-05 Westland Aircraft Ltd Construction of rotor blades for rotary wing aircraft
US3644059A (en) * 1970-06-05 1972-02-22 John K Bryan Cooled airfoil
US3782856A (en) * 1972-05-31 1974-01-01 United Aircraft Corp Composite aerodynamic blade with twin-beam spar
US4084367A (en) * 1975-11-14 1978-04-18 Haworth Mfg., Inc. Sound absorbing panel
US4382106A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-05-03 International Honeycomb Corporation Honeycomb panel with conformable surface
US4806077A (en) * 1986-07-28 1989-02-21 Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale Composite material blade with twin longeron and twin box structure having laminated honeycomb sandwich coverings and a method of manufacturing same
US5975180A (en) * 1996-03-27 1999-11-02 Cardo Door France Machine for the production of panels including specified displacement means
US5725354A (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-03-10 General Electric Company Forward swept fan blade
US5725355A (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-03-10 General Electric Company Adhesive bonded fan blade
US6372322B1 (en) * 1998-05-28 2002-04-16 Pactiv Corporation Shaped honeycomb structures and method and apparatus for making shaped honeycomb structures
US6607358B2 (en) * 2002-01-08 2003-08-19 General Electric Company Multi-component hybrid turbine blade
US20070065291A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 General Electric Company Hybrid blisk
US20100078985A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2010-04-01 Mahoney James F Engineered Molded Fiberboard Panels. Methods of Making the Panels, and Products Fabricated From the Panels
US20110038727A1 (en) * 2009-07-28 2011-02-17 University Of Kansas Method and apparatus for pressure adaptive morphing structure

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9975175B2 (en) 2013-01-16 2018-05-22 General Electric Company Metallic structure
EP3067519A1 (de) * 2015-03-04 2016-09-14 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Fanschaufel für einen flugantrieb
US10125616B2 (en) 2015-03-04 2018-11-13 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Fan blade for an aircraft engine
US20160258297A1 (en) * 2015-03-05 2016-09-08 Techspace Aero S.A. Composite Compressor Blade for an Axial-Flow Turbomachine
US10280758B2 (en) * 2015-03-05 2019-05-07 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Composite compressor blade for an axial-flow turbomachine
US20210324751A1 (en) * 2020-04-17 2021-10-21 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Multi-material vane for a gas turbine engine
US11572796B2 (en) * 2020-04-17 2023-02-07 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Multi-material vane for a gas turbine engine
US20230059927A1 (en) * 2020-09-10 2023-02-23 General Electric Company Turbine engine with shockwave attenuation
US11970979B2 (en) * 2020-09-10 2024-04-30 General Electric Company Turbine engine with shockwave attenuation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2010106833A (ja) 2010-05-13
EP2182168A1 (en) 2010-05-05
CN101725372A (zh) 2010-06-09

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Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,NEW YORK

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VEHR, JAMES WILLIAM;DIMASCIO, PAUL STEPHEN;BOYER, BRADLEY TAYLOR;SIGNING DATES FROM 20081007 TO 20081008;REEL/FRAME:021748/0743

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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