US2009932A

US2009932A - Atomizer

Info

Publication number: US2009932A
Application number: US680464A
Authority: US
Inventors: Klotzman Aaron
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1933-07-14
Filing date: 1933-07-14
Publication date: 1935-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 1952-07-30

Description

July 30, 1935.

A. KLOTZMAN ATOMI ZER Filed July 14, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l V jj 76 1 I m H I AARON KLOTZMAH. IN ENT R.

ATTORNEY.

July A. KLOTZMAN 2,009,932

I ATOMIZER I Filed July 14, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I G 3 I 17 a 1 17 2.7 v l I In I a3 6 11mm! KLOTZMAN INVENTORQ ATTORNEY.

Patented July :30, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE aromzaa Aaron Klotzman, Baltimore, Md. Application July 14,1933, Serial No. 680,464

17 Claims.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Ser. No.'588,461.

This invention relates to atomizers and has particular reference to nozzles employed in oilburners for atomizing fuel oil and ejecting the same into a furnace or other combustion device.

Among the objects of this invention is the provision of an oil-burner atomizer with a whirl chamber of substantially permanent dimensions for promoting stability in quantity and physical characteristics of the dispersed liquid issuing from the atomizer.

A more specific object of this invention is the provision in the distributor of an atomizer of a 15 jewel at the distributing end and of another jewel in the head for making these portions of the device effectively resistant to erosion, corrosion and chemical action by the oil.

Other, further and more specific objects of this invention will become readily apparent to persons skilled in the art from a consideration of the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying. drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is an enlarged elevation, partly in section, showing the body, head and distributor of an oil-burner atomizer, a flat top faced jewel being set in the distributor pin and a jewel in the tip of the head. i

Fig. 2 is an enlarged top plan view of the distributor pin, showing tangential ducts for the flow of oil from the body of the atomizer to the Whirl chamber.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmental. view, showing the body, head and distributing'pin of an oil- 5; burner atomizer, and illustrating a construction whereby the distributor pin is spaced from the head.

Fig: 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 and illustrates the use of a jewel in the distributor pin and a jewel in thetip of the head, the former jewel having a cavity registering with the enlarged opening in the latter jewel, the cavity and enlarged opening forming the whirl chamber of the nozzle.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmental view in section, illustrating the use of a flat top jewel in the distributor and a jewel with a whirl chamber in the tip of the head and ducts formed by one of the jewels and slots in the adjacent portion of the jewel for delivering oilinto the whirl chamber.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, but with the oil ducts entirely within the jewel setting in the tip of the head.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged elevation, partly in section, showing the body, head and distributor of an oil- 55 burner atomizer, a jewel with an enlarged openother and for introduction of the oil into the whirl chamber.

Fig. 10 is a plan of the distributor of the atomizer shown in Fig. 9.

Figs. 11 and 12 are enlarged fragmental views in section, similar to Fig. 5, and illustrating modifled means for positioning the settings relative to 15 each other and for introducing the oil into the whirl chamber of the atomizer.

Referring to Fig, 1, the apparatus comprises the body I of hollow cylindrical construction connected at one end 2 to an oil supply pipe (not 0 shown) and at the other end 3 to the head 4. This head has at its tip 5 a jewel 6 securely set therein. This jewel setting 6 has extending therethrough the small perforation or orifice I and the enlarged opening 8 continuous with the periora-f tion I.

The distributor pin 9 extends from the body I wherein it is preferably positioned by a suitable partition I8 and is provided at its distributing end with a jewel setting I I. These jewels are prefer-- o ably natural sapphires, but other jewels such as ruby, diamond or corundum may be employed. Also, the corresponding artificial jewels maybe. used, although as yet these have not been found as satisfactory as the natural ones.

As a precaution against damage to the jewels by rubbing and dragging against each other when the distributor and head are brought together in liquid tight fit, the head which is bored to receive the setting 6 has its bore slightly constricted at I2 immediately below the lower face I3 of the jewel 6, thereby providing an inward seat for this jewel and a means for spacing the jewel 6 from the jewel I I. The thickness of this constricted portion is for purposes of illustration considerably enlarged on the drawings. Of course, in practice a lamina or minimum amount of spacing material that will insure against contact with each other of these juxtaposed jewels is suflicient.

Oil passes through the body I from an oil sup- '50 ply, and through perforations I5 in the partition III, then through the space I6 and then through the ducts I! to the whirl chamber, preferably frusto-conical, formed by the top of the jewel II and the enlarged opening 8 in the jewel 6. In

pass out through the orifice I in the form of a.

spray.

This form of atomizer possesses superior advantages over those heretofore employed. With the jewels 6 and I I defining the whirl chamber, there is assurance that such chamber will be permanent in size and shape and will be practically unaffected by the oil whirling therein over long periods of use. Also, by having the spray-ejection orifice I in the jewel, the size and form of this orifice will be permanent. This assures a steady flow of atomized oil from the atomizer with practically uniform physical properties as long as oil of the same kind, viscosity and pressure is delivered through the ducts II. This form of atomizer is especially valuable for oil-burner use, where the oil is delivered to the atomizer at high-pressure.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the jewel setting II extends beyond the distributor pin 9. When in operative position the jewel II bears against the inner top wall I8 of the head 4. The whirl-producing ducts II are in the jewel II and not in the distributor pin.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the jewel setting I I also extends beyond the distributor pin 9, and when in operative position this jewel II bears against the head 4 as in Fig. 3. Also, the whirl-producing ducts II are in the jewel I I and not in the distributor pin. In this construction the jewel II is formed at the top with a cavity I9, which registers with the enlarged opening 8 in the jewel 6, the cavity and enlarged opening forming the whirl chamber of the nozzle. By having the cavity I 9, the capacity of the atomizer may be increased.

It will be seen by reference to Figs. 1, 3 and 4 that the distributor pin 9 is in the form of a rod and is positioned in the partition I0.

In Figs. and 6, the distributor is part of top of the body I and in this top is set the jewel II which may have a fiat top as shown in these views or a cavity to form part of the whirl chamber similar to Fig. 4. The top of the body I is also provided with passages extending to an annularvgroove 2|, whereby communication is established with the ducts I! which lead to the whirl chamber. These ducts Il may be at the junction between the. jewels 6 and II and in the form of a slot in one of the jewels with the other jewel serving as a wall for the ducts as shown in Fig. 5, where the slot is in the jewel 6. Also the ducts I! may be confined to one of the jewels as shown in Fig. 6 where passages 22 of sufficient extent are provided in jewel 6 adapted to register with the annular groove 2| so as to aiford communication between the ducts I1 and the interior of the body I, ir-

respective of any displacements occasioned in the attachment of the head 4 to the body I. In Fig.

5 a disc or shim 23 with suitable slots is pro- I extends above the top face of the jewel II,

tributing pin comprises the stem 25 and the cap 26 connected thereto by thepin 21. The stem 25 is securely fastened in the partition III. while the cap 26 fits loosely on this stem, thereby facilitating its seating against the head 4 of the atomizer. In this construction the oil enters through the body I, through the perforations I5 in the partition I0, then through the space I6, then through the openings 21a to the interior 28 of the cap 26, from where it passes through the openings 29 to the whirl-producing ducts II into the cavity III of the jewel II, which forms with the enlarged opening 8 in the jewel 6 the whirl chamber for the atomizer. In this construction, as in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the bore in the head 4 for receiving the setting 6 is constricted below the face I3 of the jewel B, to provide a means for spacing the jewels 6 and II from each other.

In the modification shown in Fig. 9, the whirlproducing ducts pass through the distributor pin 9 and the jewel II. The jewels 6 and II are spaced from each other by means of the shim 23 which overlaps the jewels and extends into the recess 30 in the head 4.

In the illustrations shown in Figs. 11 and 12 the jewels 6 and II are separated by the shims 23, the oil entering through the central opening 3I of the body of the distributor and through the passages 32 to the whirl-producing ducts I! and out of these ducts to the whirl chamber formed by the jewels 6 and II. In both of these .constructions the jewels II are set in discs 33 fitting the bore of the head and which separate the tip of the head from the body I. In Fig. 11, the upper portion of the distributor is bored at 34 so that the passages 32 will always register with the bore regardless of the position of the disc 33. In Fig. 12, an annular slot 35 registers with the passages 32. This annular slot 35 is connected with the central bore 3| by means of radial slots 36 so that the bore 3| will be in communication with the annular slot 35 and thereby with the passages 32 at any and all positions of the disc 33.

It will be observed that in the constructions illustrated in the drawings, the oil enters the whirl chamber through the openings in the setting thereby affording permanence and control of a kind very highly desired but not heretofore obtained in devices for atomization of liquids.

The settings of sapphire and the other materials heretofore named possess a hardness which particularly adapt them in oil-burner atomizers and nozzles constructed according to my invention and will deliver permanently a definite and unvarying spray of oil into the combustion chamber of the oil-burner when the fiuid is delivered at a constant pressure into the nozzle.

The atomizer heads and distributors constructed with sapphires or the other materials which I have disclosed in this case suffer no erosion, corrosion, other kinds of wear, pitting, oxidation, rusting, changes in sizes or shapes of the orifices, whirl chambers or slots when the nozzles are subjected to the rigorous conditions of oil-burner use for great periods of time. These settings may also be drilled and polished to give orifices, tangential slots and whirl chambers of high degree of precision and these high polishes will remain permanently in the polished condition while undergoing use. These settings in the metal portion of thenozzle form structures which under the conditions of use serve as well as if they were integral with the rest of the mechanism and the elements and parts remain unchanged in position relative to each other after assembly. The dimensions or the orifices or slots may be held to very low tolerances. By constructing atomizers as I have described, the atomizers can be relied upon to deliver as broad or narrow cones of fuel as desired and these with varying delivery capacities. Atomizers employing devices such as I have disclosed can be positively and not merely negatively standardized which thus admits proper control of the size and shape of the orifices, slots, whirl chambers and chamfers at the ends of the orifices and slots.

The present invention is not limited to the specific details set forth in the foregoing examples which should be construed as illustrative and not by way of limitation, and in view of the numerous modifications which may be effected therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention, it is desired that only such limitations be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being non-contacting and juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber.

2. In an oil burner atomizer, means ing permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a sapphire setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a sapphire setting, said settings being non-contacting and juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber.

3. In an oil burner atomizer, means for eifecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer under pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting. a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having whirl-producing ducts through the setting in the head for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

4. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer under pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a for effectspray-ejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having whirl-producing ducts through the setting in the distributor for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

5. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting and a distributor having at its distributing end a setting with a cavity in said latter setting at said distributing end forming a whirl chamber for the atomizer, each of said settings being a substance of' the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirlproducing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

6. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice and an enlarged opening in said setting and a distributor having at its distributing end a setting, said enlarged opening forming a whirl chamber for the atomizer, each of said settings ,.beihg a substance of the group comprising ,sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond',.,.said settings being juxtaposed to each.

other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

7. In an oil burner atomizer, means for cffecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a sapphire setting with a spray-ejection orifice and an enlarged opening in said setting and a d stributor having at its distributing and a sapphire setting with a'cavity in said latter setting a: said distributing end, said enlarged opening and said cavity forming a whirl chamber for the atomizer, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

8. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of deing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other.

9. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, and a shim comprising material softer than said settings disposed between said settings.

10. In an oil burner atomizer, means for eifecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer at high pressure, said means comprising a plurality of settings juxtaposed to each other, a whirl chamber within the bounds of said settings, a spray-ejection orifice through one of the said settings and a whirlproducing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other.

11. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer under pressure, said means comprising a plurality of settings juxtaposed to each other, a spray-ejection orifice through one of said settings and a whirl-producing duct for admitting the oil passing through said sprayejection orifice, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other.

12. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil; is delivered to the atomizer under pressure, said means comprising a pair of settings justa'posed to each other, a whirl chamber within the bounds of said settings, a spray-ejection orifice through one of said settings, a whirl-producting duct having portions of its wall formed by each of said settings for admitting the oil passing through said spray-ejection orifice, a groove in one of said settings in continuous registry with said whirl-producing duct for all positions of the head of the atomizer when said head is turned about the body of the atomizer, and means for conducting oil from the body of said atomizer to saidgroove, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other.

13. In an oil burner atomizer, means for effecting permanency in quality and quantity of delivery of oil from the atomizer when oil is delivered to the atomizer under pressure, said means comprising a head having a setting with a sprayejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor having at its distributing end a portion defining part of the said whirl chamber, said portion comprising a setting, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being juxtaposed to each other, said atomizer having whirl-producing means comprising a duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber, the inlet of oil to the whirl chamber consisting of said whirl-producing means and the outlet of oil from said whirl chamber consisting of said spray-ejection orifice, and means comprising material softer than said settings for preventing said settings from contacting with each other and forming an oil-tight connection with said settings.

' 14. In an atomizer, a head having a bore with a setting therein and another bore in said head continuous with the first bore, a disc within the second bore, a setting within said disc non-contacting and juxtaposed to the other setting, means for securing said disc in position when the atomizer is in operative adjustment and means comprising material softer than said settings for separatingsaid settings from each other when the parts of the device are in operative adjustment, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond.

15. In an atomizer, a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting, a whirl chamber and a distributor havingat its distributing end a setting projecting therefrom, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, huby, corundum and diamond, said settings being non-contacting and juxtaposed to each other,- and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber.

16. In an atomizer, a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice and an enlarged opening in said setting and a distributor having at its distributing end a setting projecting therefrom with a cavity in said latter setting at said distributing end, said enlarged opening and said cavity forming a whirl chamber for the atomizer, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being non-contacting and juxtaposed to each other, and said atomizer having a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber.

17. In an atomizer, a head having a setting with a spray-ejection orifice in said setting and a distributor having at its distributing end a setting projecting therefrom, each of said settings being a substance of the group comprising sapphire, ruby, corundum and diamond, said settings being non-contacting and juxtaposed to each other, a whirl chamber within the bounds of said settings, and a whirl-producing duct for admitting oil into the whirl chamber.

AARON KLOTZMAN.