US2009331A - Process for the production of raised printing forms - Google Patents

Process for the production of raised printing forms Download PDF

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Publication number
US2009331A
US2009331A US641099A US64109932A US2009331A US 2009331 A US2009331 A US 2009331A US 641099 A US641099 A US 641099A US 64109932 A US64109932 A US 64109932A US 2009331 A US2009331 A US 2009331A
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Prior art keywords
printing
pattern
sheet
light
raised
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US641099A
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English (en)
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Uher Edmond
Frankel Stefan
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RAISED PRINTING FORMS Filed Nov. 5. 1932 mvM Patented July 23, 1935 UNITED STATES rnoosss Fon 'rnr. PRODUCTION or RAISED panama roams Edmond Uher a'nd Stefan Friinkel, Augsburg, Germany; said Uher asslgnor to Extern'a S.A".,
  • the invention relates to improvements in the process for the production of raised or in other words relief printing forms by mould'ng a solid matrix to reproduce black and white, as gener ally used for the usual kind of book printing.
  • One object of the invention consists iri carryingout the preparatory treatment of the patterns required for the production of raised printing forms by purely photo-mechanical means in order to eliminate manual work and, in fact, all kinds of purely mechanical local work in this field.
  • Another object of the invention consists in producing the pattern in such a manner as to enable each individual raised element projecting in an insular manner from the body of the printing form to be stabilized.
  • Another object of the invention consists in the employment of magnetic force for stretching out the patterns.
  • a further object of the invention consists in the process of moulding the raised printing form by applying the material from which the form is to be produced by means of spraying.
  • a further object of the invention consists in moulding the raised printing form while the pattern is in a wet or respectively swollen condition. Further details of the invention will appear in the course of the specification.
  • Fig. 1 shows the relief of the raised printing form to be produced
  • Fig. 2 shows the print obtained from such a form by the process of printing.
  • Fig. 3 shows a pierced pattern.
  • Fig. 4 it is shown how thispattem is converted by the addition of a supporting base, into a matrix from which the raised printing forms can be taken.
  • Fig. 5 shows, how a raised crust is moulded from this matrix, whilst Fig. 6 shows the raised printing form lifted out from the matrix and reinforced by means of backing, i. e. of casting some plastic material into the cavities on its back side.
  • Fig. 7 shows a light-sensitive photographic plate-on the top surface of which the diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced has been placed, whilst Fig. 8 shows the same photographic plate after photographic development and with the diapositive removed.
  • Fig. 9 shows how the diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced is placed d, a corporation of Switon November 3, 1932, Serial No. 641,099
  • Fig. 10 shows how the lightsensitive photographic plate shown on Fig. 9 is exposed to light from below
  • Fig. 11 shows the same photographic plate after photographic development and with the diapositive removed.
  • Fig. 12 shows a sheet of light-sensitive material applied on a film plate, with the diapositive p'cture of the raised printing form to be produced placed below the said film plate.
  • Fig. '13 showsv the same sheet and film after hotographic development and with the diapositive removed.
  • Fig. 14 shows the same sheet and film in its condition as shown on Fig. 13, laced on a supporting base.
  • Fig. 15 shows a sheet of light-sensitive material applied on a paper plate, wLth the diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced placed on the top of the same.”
  • Fig. 16 shows the same sheet of light sensitive material after photographic development, with the diaposi tive removed and the paper plate likewise removed, the developed sheet itself being squeegeed on to, i. e. transferred to the surface of a supporting base.
  • the problem to be solved is to produce a raised printing form, the relief I of which is such as shown on Fig. 1, and from which the print 2 shown on Fig. 2 can be printed on paper or on any other receptive material.
  • a pattern 3 (Fig. 3) is provided by purely photo-mechanical means, which pattern is entirely pierced at those spots which correspond to the printing spots of the raised printing form to be produced, i. e. to those spots of the raised printing form to be produced which will project to the highest level from the body of that form.
  • a base 4 (Fig. 4) which base is'polished so as to be absolutely smooth and in exact conformity with theprin'ting surface.
  • the pierced pattern 3 will now jointly with the base 4 on which it has been placed constitute a matrix, on which the perforations of the pattern 3 will nowno longer be open on both sides, but open on one side, notably'towards the back side, only.
  • the next step now consists in the perforations of the pattern 3 which are open towards the back side only, and the whole pattern 3 being coated by purely mechanical means, preferably by spraying, from above, with a coat of plastic and subsequently hardening material until a coherent crust (Fig. 5) is formed.
  • Such coating may be effected by applying molten metal; instead of metal, however, celluloid, artificial resin orv any other plastic and subsequently hardening material may be employed.
  • This crust 5 constitutes the raised printing form desired, which is finally reinforced by casting some plastic and subsequently hardening material 6 (Fig. 6) into the back side cavities of the said crust either before or after removing it from the pattern 3.
  • the raised printing form can be removed from the pattern 3 without distorting its printing surface.
  • the process according to the invention therefore consists substantially in converting the front side of a pattern entirely pierced by purely photomechanical means at the printing points of any raised printing form desiredi. e. perforated in a negative sense relatively to the raised printing form desiredby means of a tightly fitting blind i. e. solid base into a matrix which is no longer open on both sides, but only open towards the back side, and in taking a mould from such ma-' trix by purely mechanical means.
  • the patterns 3 may consist merely of a sheet of light-sensitive material, e. g. of a sheet of sensitized gelatine, which has been exposed to light with the aid of and in accordance with the diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced in such a manner, and subsequently has been developed and hardened in such a manner as to obtain the perforations required.
  • the pattern 3 the perforations of which have thus been obtained by purely photo-mechanical means is then placed on a base 4, in such a manner that the side of the pattern 3 which is in contact with the base 4 is that side of the said pattern on which at the preceding exposure of the light-sensitive sheet the diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced has been placed, or respectively which has faced the said diapositive picture. It is by proceeding in this manner that the'sharpest contours will be obtained and that the reliefs obtained will reproduce the original most faithfully and with the highest degree of exactitude of dimensions when the crust 5 is subsequently moulded.
  • the printing spots i. e. the spots projecting to the' highest level from the body of the printing form, which will be shaped by the base 4, or in other words, it is exactly those spots of theraised printing form, which will be shaped by the base 4, which spots alone require to be produced in an accurate manner.
  • the inaccuracies to which the layer of light-sensitive material is subject duringthe wet photographic treatment the-detrimental consequencies of such inaccuracies are according to the invention removed to the most far-reaching extent, as evidently the only places of the layer of light-sensitive material which are subject to such inaccuracies are now those places which correspond in the pattern 3 to the non-printing, i. e. to the deepest spots of the raised printing form, and any inaccuracies in these places are entirely irrelevant, as they have no effect whatever.
  • the preparation of the patterns 3 is effected by purely photographic means on the basis of diapositives of the line, reticulated or point type.
  • the accuracy of the printing spots of the raised printing form is accordingly ensured by the accurate preliminary preparation of the base 4.
  • a base 4 polished so as to be accurately smooth, will furnish a raised printing form presenting an accurately flat printing surface.
  • the rather thick light-sensitive gelatine sheet 1 is carried by a plate 8, which may for instance be a glass plate, and serves at the same time as a base, inasmuch as it is of continuous surface, resistant to pressure, and resistant to deformation and inasmuch as its sheetcarrying surface has been accurately machined beforehand in conformity with the printing surface which may be required in the given case.
  • a plate 8 which may for instance be a glass plate, and serves at the same time as a base, inasmuch as it is of continuous surface, resistant to pressure, and resistant to deformation and inasmuch as its sheetcarrying surface has been accurately machined beforehand in conformity with the printing surface which may be required in the given case.
  • the sheet 1 is exposed to light by a contact process through the line type photo image 9, which latter is a photographic diapositive picture of the raised printing form to be produced or respectively of the printed image which it is intended to print by means of the raised printing form to be produced, so that it is only those parts alone of the sheet 1 which are exposed to light, which parts in the pattern to be prepared from the same, correspond to the non-printing spots of the raised printing form to be produced.
  • the sheet portions corresponding to theprinting spots remain unexposed to light and are washed-out after the usual development and hardening of the sheet 1.
  • the sheet 1 may also be exposed to light, by a contact process, according to Fig. 9 from below, i. e. from the front side of the pattern to be prepared, in order to make the contact lines of" the perforations of the pattern as'sharp as possible. Should the thickness of the glass plate 8 cause appreciable difficulties, exposure to light, fromlbelow likewise, may also be effected by means of the process of projection. The further photographic treatment of the pattern, as well as the moulding of the printing relief remain unchanged as described before.
  • Fig. 12 It is also possible, as shown on Fig. 12, to have the sensitized sheet carried by a film i6 instead of the said glass-plate 8 and exposed to light by a contact process from below, in the same way as in the preceding case, such exposure being notably again efiected by means of dispersed light, so that after development a pattern according to Fig. 13 is obtained.
  • the sheet-carriers permitting the passage of light through them, as the film lb or the glass plate 8, may without detriment to the accuracy of printing surface aimed at, be frosted, in order to enable ordinary sources of light also to be used for a dispersed kind of lighting.
  • the pattern shown on Fig. 13 is before moulding the printing relief on it, stretched tightly on a base 4 (Fig. 14), for which purpose it is possible to previously soften the film ID by moistening.
  • the moulding of the printing relief is effected in the same manner as described before.
  • the film 10 will behave in so pliable a manner, that the printing surface accuracy of the base 4 will through the mediation of the said film again be transmitted in its whole extent to the printing relief to be moulded.
  • sheet-carriers for instance sheet-carriers made of paper, may also be employed. In case the sheet-carrier is opaque, exposure to light is effected by a contact process from above in the way shown in Fig. '7.
  • sheet-carriers for instance sheet-carriers consisting of blank calibrated sheet metal of about 0.2 to 0.4 mm. thickness, the employment of which will facilitate the handling of the pattern and particularly its removal from the raised printing form which has to be left intact in the state as it was moulded.
  • sheet-carrier made of magnetic material, for instance of sheet steel
  • this sheet carrier may be stretched over an iron base 4 by means of magnetic force, by which means it is possible to ensure a uniform and accurate coplanar adjustment.
  • Fig. 15 the sheet of light-sensitive material I carried by the paper II is exposed to light from above, by a contact process, through the line type photo image 9. Following this the sheet I is squeegeed directly on to a base 4, the paper II being at the same time pulled off, following which the sheet 1 is developed on the base I and washed out so that the pierced pattern shown on Fig. 16 and reminding of Fig. 8 is obtained.
  • the difference is that that side of the sheet I which has been in contact with the line type photo image 9 has now, after the 'sheet I has been transferred on the base 4 and the paper II has been pulled off, been turned towards the bottom, in which position it forms the front side, i. e. the printing surface side of the pattern.
  • the raised printing forms may according to the invention not only be fiat but may also be cylindrical.
  • cylindrical raised printing forms e. g. rotary cylinders everything remains unchanged, as described and illustrated before, only the figures have to be considered partial longitudinal sections of cylinder shells, the sections being taken along a generatrix.
  • the raised printing relief crusts or respectively the raised printing reliefs according to the invention may also be moulded in a flat condition and subsequently applied on a cylinder shell.
  • the printing relief may according to the invention be moulded direct from a wet or respectively swollen pattern, in which condition the light-sensitive sheet l forming the pattern will produce greater differences of height of relief and the intermediary time which would otherwise have been required for the drying of the sensitized layer is saved.
  • the layer of light-sensitive material is carried by a film plate, a paper plate or any other pliable carrier, the latter will also have to serve the purpose of holding together in the correct position the particles of the pattern which in the already photographically perforated condition of the layer of light-sensitive material are mutually unconnected like so many small islets, and of facilitating the stretching on the base of the still continuous light-sensitive layer or respectively of the already photographically pierced pattern as well as the removal of the pattern from the raised printing relief moulded from the same, whilst maintaining the printing surface obtained.
  • the carrier of the light-sensitive material which during the process of moulding remains between the base and the pattern has to be pliable to such an extent as to be capable of transmitting in its total extent the printing surface accuracy of the base to the raised printing relief to be moulded.
  • the pliable layer carrier itself will of course have to correspond to the printing surface of the raised printing form to be produced. .
  • the layer of light-sensitive material will adhere so closely at all points, that even the most minute pattern particles can everywhere remain perfectly accurate themselves.
  • a process for the production of relief printing surfaces having a single discontinuous printing plane consisting in converting a light-sensitive colloid layer on a flexible support into a stencil pattern by photographic means, said stencil pattern being completely pierced at the places corresponding to the raised portions of the printing surface, applying the stencil pattern to a rigid support having a very accurate plane surface to correspond to the printing plane 01 the printing surface to be produced, with the flexible support interposed between the colloid layer and the rigid support and forming the printing surface by applying a moulding material to the said stencil pattern whereby the discontinuous printing plane of the printing surface is formed by the moulding material which comes into contact with the exposed portions of the rigid support at the bottom of the pierced openings of the stencil pattern.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
US641099A 1931-11-09 1932-11-03 Process for the production of raised printing forms Expired - Lifetime US2009331A (en)

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DEU0011522 1931-11-09

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US (1) US2009331A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE392192A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR749298A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB410117A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532390A (en) * 1945-05-28 1950-12-05 Preparation of a printing surface
US3935937A (en) * 1973-11-08 1976-02-03 Pitney-Bowes, Inc. Plastic and metal article of manufacture

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2532390A (en) * 1945-05-28 1950-12-05 Preparation of a printing surface
US3935937A (en) * 1973-11-08 1976-02-03 Pitney-Bowes, Inc. Plastic and metal article of manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR749298A (fr) 1933-07-21
BE392192A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB410117A (en) 1934-05-09

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