US20090291267A1 - Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same - Google Patents
Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090291267A1 US20090291267A1 US12/153,740 US15374008A US2009291267A1 US 20090291267 A1 US20090291267 A1 US 20090291267A1 US 15374008 A US15374008 A US 15374008A US 2009291267 A1 US2009291267 A1 US 2009291267A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composite sheet
- metallic sheets
- sheets
- metallic
- producing
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- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 48
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
- B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
- B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
- B32B37/182—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only one or more of the layers being plastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/20—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/22—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of indefinite length consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
- B32B2038/0052—Other operations not otherwise provided for
- B32B2038/0084—Foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/24727—Plural corrugated components with planar component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a kind of composite sheet that can be used as building and industrial material.
- it relates to a process of producing composite sheet and a structure of the same.
- FIG. 1 representing a typical structure plan of traditional composite sheet, wherein the traditional composite sheet represents one kind of exterior cladding material in the building industry.
- the process of producing a traditional composite sheet comprises the steps of (a) putting some plastic materials into an extruder which extrudes and heats the plastic materials (i.e. resin) until the plastic materials are melted; (b) the melted plastic materials are transported to a mold to become a flat core layer 1 a of the composite sheet; (c) provide two metallic surfaces layers 2 a to bond with the core layer 1 a.
- the structure of a traditional composite sheet includes the core layer 1 a , and the two surface layers 2 a .
- the core layer 1 a is sandwiched between the two surface layers 2 a.
- One particular aspect of the present invention is to provide a process of producing a composite sheet and the structure of the same, the strength of the composite sheet not only can satisfy the industry safety regulation, but also the weight of the composite sheet can be reduced compare to traditional composite sheet, and the cost of producing the composite sheet of the present invention can be effective reduced.
- the process of producing a composite sheet comprising the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of metallic sheets; (b) bonding the metallic sheets with one another; and (c) finishing the bonded composite sheet having a plurality of metallic layers.
- the structure of the composite sheet comprises a core layer and two surface layers, wherein each surface layer has a plurality of metallic sheets, the metallic sheets bond with one another, the core layer and the surface layers bond with each other, and the core layer is sandwiched between the two surface layers.
- This invention has several advantages: by carefully choosing the composite materials used to produce the surface layers, and coupled with the present invention, thereby reducing the quantity requirement for the more expensive metal on the surface layers and the core layer of the composite sheet, and due to the bonding method of the present invention the strength of the composite sheet will still satisfy industry safety regulation and the cost of producing the composite sheet can be effectively reduced.
- the weight of the composite sheet can be light (due to the fact that the more expensive metals are generally heavier), so that it is very convenient for fabricator and installer to assemble many of the composite sheets with each other.
- FIG. 1 is a plan of the structure of the traditional composite sheet.
- FIG. 2 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect to FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 4 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect to FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 6 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect to FIG. 8 .
- FIG. 10 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- a first embodiment of a process for producing a composite sheet is presented, and the process comprises the steps of:
- (a) provide a plurality of metallic sheets 1 (top, middle, and bottom metallic sheets 1 ), wherein the metallic sheets 1 are coiled around a coiling roller group 21 , and the metallic sheet 1 are made of aluminum, copper, steel, zinc, or titanium.
- the middle metallic sheets 1 have top and bottom surfaces (here on now referred as contact surfaces) respectively, place a plurality of adhesive on the contact surfaces of the middle metallic sheets 1 , heat the adhesive films via a set of heating rollers 23 to form a plurality of bonding layers on the contact surfaces respectively.
- the metallic sheets 1 are passed through a forming roller group 24 ;
- the forming roller group 24 includes a pair of first forming rollers 241 , a pair of second forming rollers 242 , and a pair of third forming rollers 243 .
- the metallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first forming rollers 241 , the second forming rollers 242 , and the third forming rollers 243 in sequence.
- the forming roller group 24 presses the metallic sheets 1 against the bonding layers in sequence, the metallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers, and a composite sheet 3 having a plurality of metallic layers is finished.
- the metallic sheets 1 are not made of the more expensive metals, the strength of the composite sheet 3 , due to the bonding process, would still satisfy industry safety regulation.
- the top, middle, and bottom metallic sheets 1 in FIG. 3 are made of different materials. Generally, the metallic sheets 1 that would eventually be the “presenting surface” or “top surface,” will be made of the more expensive metal, whereas the middle and bottom metallic sheets 1 would be made of lighter and cheaper metal.
- FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 represent the second embodiment of the present invention. Similar to FIGS. 2 and 3 , except that a plurality of adhesives are coated on the contact surfaces of the middle metallic sheets 1 by two adhesive applying units 25 (only 1 shown) with different vertical positions, and the adhesives are bonding layers of the composite sheet 3 .
- the kinds of the adhesives used are not restricted, as long as the adhesives can bond the metallic sheets 1 with one another securely.
- the temperature of the set of heating rollers 23 depends on the adhesive applying units 25 , and only needs to be high enough for proper adhesive bonding.
- FIG. 6 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the bonding layers are formed by the set of heating rollers 23 .
- the radius of each third forming roller 243 is longer than the radius of each second forming roller 242 , and the radius of each second forming roller 242 is longer than each radius of the first forming roller 241 .
- the metallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first forming rollers 241 , the second forming rollers 242 , and the third forming rollers 243 in sequence to contact with the bonding layers respectively, and the metallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers.
- FIG. 7 is representing a process for producing the composite sheet of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the bonding layers are formed by the two adhesive applying units 25 .
- the radius of each third forming roller 243 is longer than radius of each second forming roller 242 , and the radius of each second forming roller 242 is longer than the radius of each first forming roller 241 .
- the metallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first forming rollers 241 , the second forming rollers 242 , and the third forming rollers 243 in sequence to contact with the bonding layers, and the metallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers. Furthermore, we can bond the metallic sheets 1 with each other by a metallic bonding process via heat conduction.
- a first embodiment for a process for producing a product of the composite sheets is presented, and the process comprises the steps of:
- the substrate can be made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- the foaming agents can be made of diazenedicarboxamide
- the blowing promoter can be made of a zinc oxide or stearin cadmium.
- (c) Provide two composite sheets 3 , and the two composite sheets 3 are coiled around two coiling rollers 44 with different vertical positions (top and bottom). Uncoil the two composite sheets 3 , and the composite sheets 3 are transported to a forming roller group 45 .
- the forming roller group 45 presses the composite sheets 3 to contact with the bonding layers, the composite sheets 3 are laminated to the core layer, the core layer is sandwiched between the two composite sheets 3 , and the two composite sheets 3 are two surface layers of the product respectively. Furthermore, the two surface layers can be coated with many colors.
- the guiding unit 47 guilds the product to move to a cutting unit 48 , and the cutting unit 48 cut the product to length.
- FIG. 10 A process for producing a product of the second embodiment of the composite sheets is presented.
- FIG. 10 's process is similar to that of FIG. 8 with the following difference regarding and in place of FIG. 8 ; please view in conjunction with FIG. 9 :
- the adhesive shunt has two runners with different feeding positions (top and bottom). After the core layer is formed after the mold 42 , the two runners output and coat the adhesives to both surfaces of the core.
- the adhesives are the lamination agents for surface metals of the product.
- FIG. 11 A process for producing a product of the third embodiment of the composite sheets is presented. Similar to steps of FIG. 8 with the following difference regarding and in place of FIG. 8 b ); please view in conjunction with FIG. 9 : Provide some adhesive films. Place the adhesive films on the surfaces of the core layer, and heat and press the adhesive films by a set of heating rollers (could be forming roller group 45 or a separate set of heating rollers) having high temperature, and the adhesive films are found in-between the core & surface composite sheets to become adhesives, and the adhesives are the bonding layers of the product. As shown in FIG. 12 .
- a process for producing a product of the forth embodiment of the composite sheets is presented: Provide the flat core layer made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Provide the two flat surface layers made of composite sheets 3 . Bend the core layer and the two surface layers by a beating tool, a punching tool, a stamper, or a roller group to become fretted or flexuous sheets, each metallic sheet 1 of the surface layers includes a plurality of first base portions, a plurality of second base portions, and a plurality of bending portion, each first base portion's vertical position is different from each second base portion's vertical position (for a visualization of what an embodiment of difference between base portion's vertical position, please see FIG. 15 ), and the bending portions are connected between the first base portions and the second base portions respectively, and the bonding power between the bended core layer and the bended surface layers are strengthened.
- a process for producing a product of the fifth embodiment of the composite sheets is presented.
- One of the two surface layers bonds with the first base portions, and the other surface layer bonds with the second base portions.
- a structure of a composite sheet is presented, and the structure of the composite sheet comprises a core layer 5 , two surface layers 6 and a plurality of bonding layers 7 .
- the core layer 5 and the surface layers 6 are three flat sheets.
- the core layer 5 is sandwiched between the two surface layers 6
- the core layer 5 is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- each surface layer 6 has a plurality of metallic sheets 61 .
- the bonding layers 7 are made of adhesives.
- One of the bonding layers 7 are mounted between the metallic sheets 61 and the core layer 5
- the other bonding layers 7 are mounted between the two metallic sheets 61 and bonds the metallic sheets 61 and core layer 5 together.
- a second embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented.
- the second embodiment of the composite sheet comprises a core layer 5 ′, two surface layers 6 ′ and a plurality of bonding layers 7 ′.
- the core layer 5 ′ and the surface layers 6 ′ are fretted or flexuous sheets.
- the core layer 5 ′ is sandwiched between the two surface layers 6 ′, the core layer 5 ′ is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and each surface layer 6 ′ has a plurality of metallic sheets 61 ′.
- Each metallic sheet 61 ′ includes a plurality of first base portions 611 ′, a plurality of second base portions 612 ′, and a plurality of bending portion 613 ′, the bending portions 613 ′ are connected between the first base portions 611 ′ and the second base portions 612 ′ respectively, the vertical position of each first base portion 611 ′ is different from the vertical position of each second base portion 612 ′.
- the bonding layers 7 ′ are made of adhesives. Two of the bonding layers 7 ′ are mounted between the metallic sheets 61 ′ and the core layer 5 ′′, and the other bonding layers 7 ′ are mounted between the two metallic sheets 61 ′, wherein the bonding layers 7 ′ bonds the metallic sheets 61 ′ and core layer 5 ′ respectively.
- a third embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented.
- the third embodiment of the composite sheet comprises a core layer 5 ′′, two surface layers 6 ′′ and a plurality of bonding layers 7 ′′.
- the core layer 5 ′′ is a flexuous sheet.
- the core layer 5 ′′ is sandwiched between the two surface layers 6 ′′, the core layer 5 ′′ has a plurality of metallic sheets 51 ′′, and each metallic sheets 51 ′′ includes a plurality of first base portions 511 ′′, a plurality of second base portions 512 ′′, and a plurality of bending portion 513 ′′, the bending portions 513 ′′ are connected between the first base portions 511 ′′ and the second base portions 512 ′′ respectively, the vertical position of each first base portion 511 ′′ is different from the vertical position of each second base portion 512 ′′ (in the shape of a square wave function as can be seen from FIG. 16 ).
- the surface layers 6 ′′ are two flat sheets, and each surface layer 6 ′′ has a plurality of metallic sheets 61 ′′.
- the bonding layers 7 ′′ are made of adhesives. One of the bonding layers 7 ′′ are mounted between the metallic sheets 61 ′′ and the core layer 5 ′′, and the other bonding layers 7 ′′ are mounted between the metallic sheets 51 ′′ of the core layer 5 ′′ and the metallic sheets 61 ′′ of the surface layer 6 ′′ respectively.
- a forth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented, and the forth embodiment of the composite sheet comprises two core layers A and a plurality of bonding layers B, the two core layers A are one flexuous sheet and one flat sheet, and each core layer A has a plurality of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B.
- the flexuous sheet includes a plurality of first base portions A 1 , a plurality of second base portions A 2 , and a plurality of bending portion A 3 .
- the bending portions A 3 are connected between the first base portions A 1 and the second base portions A 2 respectively, the vertical position for all the first portions A 1 and the second portions A 2 are different, and the second base portions A 2 bond with the flat sheet via one of the bonding layers B which is between the flexuous sheet and the flat sheet.
- a fifth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented.
- the number of the core layer A is two, and the core layers A are two flexuous sheets, and each core layer A are made of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B.
- Each flexuous sheet includes the first base portions A 1 , the second base portions A 2 , and the bending portion A 3 .
- the first base portions A 1 of one of the flexuous sheets bond with the second base portions A 2 of the other flexuous sheet via one of the bonding layers B which is between the two flexuous sheets.
- FIG. 19 A sixth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented.
- the number of the core layer A is three, and the core layers A are two flexuous sheets and one flat sheet.
- Each core layer A are made of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B.
- Each flexuous sheet includes the first base portions A 1 , the second base portions A 2 , and the bending portion A 3 .
- the first base portions A 1 of one of the flexuous sheet and the second base portions A 2 of the other flexuous sheet bond with the flat sheet via two of the bonding layers B which are among the two flexuous sheets and the flat sheet respectively.
- the present invention has the following characteristics: Even the metallic sheets 1 are not generally made of more expensive metals, the strength of the composite sheet 3 should still satisfy industry safety regulation, the cost of producing the composite sheet 3 can be effectively reduced, the weight of the composite sheet 3 can be light when compared to using traditional method, so that it is very convenient for users to assemble many of the composite sheets 3 .
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Abstract
A process of producing composite sheet is presented, and the process comprises the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of metallic sheets; (b) bonding the metallic sheets with one another; and(c) finishing the bonded composite sheet that has a plurality of metallic layers.
In comparison to conventional single type/solid piece of building material, the present invention results in a dramatic cost reduction in various building industry. With the up-to-date technology, the strength of metallic composite sheet remains within structural grade parameter and meets related specifications. Manufacturers are benefited from the cheaper metallic sheet in the composition while enjoying the same quality look of the outer layer. Furthermore, a structure of the composite sheet is also presented in the present invention.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to a kind of composite sheet that can be used as building and industrial material. In particular, it relates to a process of producing composite sheet and a structure of the same.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- Please refer to
FIG. 1 , representing a typical structure plan of traditional composite sheet, wherein the traditional composite sheet represents one kind of exterior cladding material in the building industry. The process of producing a traditional composite sheet comprises the steps of (a) putting some plastic materials into an extruder which extrudes and heats the plastic materials (i.e. resin) until the plastic materials are melted; (b) the melted plastic materials are transported to a mold to become a flat core layer 1 a of the composite sheet; (c) provide twometallic surfaces layers 2 a to bond with the core layer 1 a. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , the structure of a traditional composite sheet includes the core layer 1 a, and the twosurface layers 2 a. The core layer 1 a is sandwiched between the twosurface layers 2 a. - Because quantities of easily accessible natural resources (specifically metals) on Earth are decreasing, the cost of the composite sheet made of exotic metals will be more and more expensive. However, if we simply decrease the quantities of the more expensive metals for the
metallic surface layers 2 a and attempt to reduce the cost of the composite sheet in this simple fashion, the strength of the composite sheet would suffer and may not be enough to reach industry safety regulations. - One particular aspect of the present invention is to provide a process of producing a composite sheet and the structure of the same, the strength of the composite sheet not only can satisfy the industry safety regulation, but also the weight of the composite sheet can be reduced compare to traditional composite sheet, and the cost of producing the composite sheet of the present invention can be effective reduced.
- The process of producing a composite sheet, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a plurality of metallic sheets; (b) bonding the metallic sheets with one another; and (c) finishing the bonded composite sheet having a plurality of metallic layers.
- The structure of the composite sheet comprises a core layer and two surface layers, wherein each surface layer has a plurality of metallic sheets, the metallic sheets bond with one another, the core layer and the surface layers bond with each other, and the core layer is sandwiched between the two surface layers.
- This invention has several advantages: by carefully choosing the composite materials used to produce the surface layers, and coupled with the present invention, thereby reducing the quantity requirement for the more expensive metal on the surface layers and the core layer of the composite sheet, and due to the bonding method of the present invention the strength of the composite sheet will still satisfy industry safety regulation and the cost of producing the composite sheet can be effectively reduced. The weight of the composite sheet can be light (due to the fact that the more expensive metals are generally heavier), so that it is very convenient for fabricator and installer to assemble many of the composite sheets with each other.
- For further understanding of the invention, reference is made to the following detailed description illustrating the embodiments and examples of the invention. The description is only for illustrating the invention and is not intended to be considered limiting of the scope of the claim.
- The drawings included herein enable a further understanding of the invention.
- Brief introduction of the drawings are as follows:
-
FIG. 1 is a plan of the structure of the traditional composite sheet. -
FIG. 2 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect toFIG. 2 . -
FIG. 4 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect toFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 7 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 8 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the manufacturing equipments with respect toFIG. 8 . -
FIG. 10 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 11 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 12 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 13 is a process for producing the product of the composite sheet of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 14 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the first embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 15 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the second embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 16 is a plan of the structure of the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the forth embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the fifth embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the structure of the composite sheet of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. - As shown in
FIG. 2 andFIG. 3 . A first embodiment of a process for producing a composite sheet is presented, and the process comprises the steps of: - (a) provide a plurality of metallic sheets 1 (top, middle, and bottom metallic sheets 1), wherein the
metallic sheets 1 are coiled around acoiling roller group 21, and themetallic sheet 1 are made of aluminum, copper, steel, zinc, or titanium. - (b) Uncoil the
metallic sheets 1 coiled around the coiling roller group 21 (uncoiling can be done by motor (not shown) or any other power generating equipment, which is beyond the scope of the present invention), then as the metallic sheets are uncoiling, the top and bottommetallic sheets 1 are passed through astretching roller group 22, and thestretching roller group 22 extends, stretches, and flattens the top and bottommetallic sheets 1. - (c) the middle
metallic sheets 1 have top and bottom surfaces (here on now referred as contact surfaces) respectively, place a plurality of adhesive on the contact surfaces of the middlemetallic sheets 1, heat the adhesive films via a set ofheating rollers 23 to form a plurality of bonding layers on the contact surfaces respectively. - (d) the
metallic sheets 1 are passed through a formingroller group 24; the formingroller group 24 includes a pair of first formingrollers 241, a pair of second formingrollers 242, and a pair of third formingrollers 243. Themetallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first formingrollers 241, the second formingrollers 242, and the third formingrollers 243 in sequence. The formingroller group 24 presses themetallic sheets 1 against the bonding layers in sequence, themetallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers, and acomposite sheet 3 having a plurality of metallic layers is finished. Though themetallic sheets 1 are not made of the more expensive metals, the strength of thecomposite sheet 3, due to the bonding process, would still satisfy industry safety regulation. In one embodiment, the top, middle, and bottommetallic sheets 1 inFIG. 3 are made of different materials. Generally, themetallic sheets 1 that would eventually be the “presenting surface” or “top surface,” will be made of the more expensive metal, whereas the middle and bottommetallic sheets 1 would be made of lighter and cheaper metal. - As shown in
FIG. 4 andFIG. 5 , represent the second embodiment of the present invention. Similar toFIGS. 2 and 3 , except that a plurality of adhesives are coated on the contact surfaces of the middlemetallic sheets 1 by two adhesive applying units 25 (only 1 shown) with different vertical positions, and the adhesives are bonding layers of thecomposite sheet 3. - The kinds of the adhesives used are not restricted, as long as the adhesives can bond the
metallic sheets 1 with one another securely. The temperature of the set ofheating rollers 23 depends on theadhesive applying units 25, and only needs to be high enough for proper adhesive bonding. -
FIG. 6 is a process for producing the composite sheet of the third embodiment of the present invention. The bonding layers are formed by the set ofheating rollers 23. The radius of each third formingroller 243 is longer than the radius of eachsecond forming roller 242, and the radius of eachsecond forming roller 242 is longer than each radius of the first formingroller 241. Themetallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first formingrollers 241, the second formingrollers 242, and the third formingrollers 243 in sequence to contact with the bonding layers respectively, and themetallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers. -
FIG. 7 is representing a process for producing the composite sheet of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The bonding layers are formed by the twoadhesive applying units 25. The radius of each third formingroller 243 is longer than radius of each second formingroller 242, and the radius of each second formingroller 242 is longer than the radius of each first formingroller 241. Themetallic sheets 1 are pressed by the first formingrollers 241, the second formingrollers 242, and the third formingrollers 243 in sequence to contact with the bonding layers, and themetallic sheets 1 bond with each other via the bonding layers. Furthermore, we can bond themetallic sheets 1 with each other by a metallic bonding process via heat conduction. - As shown in
FIG. 8 andFIG. 9 . A first embodiment for a process for producing a product of the composite sheets is presented, and the process comprises the steps of: - (a) Mix some foaming agents and blowing promoters with a substrate, and then put the substrate which is mixed with the foaming agents and the “blowing promoters” (A raw material for the manufacture of plastics, for example, urea-formaldehyde resin) into an
extruder 41. Theextruder 41 grinds, heats and extrudes the substrate to become an extruded liquid bar, and then the liquid bar are transported to amold 42 to be flatten and become a core layer of the product, and then the core layer is cooled via a cooling apparatus (not shown). Wherein the kind of the substrate, the kinds of the foaming agents and the blowing promoters are not restricted. The substrate can be made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the foaming agents can be made of diazenedicarboxamide, and the blowing promoter can be made of a zinc oxide or stearin cadmium. - (b) Apply adhesives (polymer film or liquid adhesive) onto the surfaces of the core layer by two adhesive applying
units 43 with different feeding positions (top and bottom), the adhesives are the lamination agent of the product, and the kinds of the adhesives are not restricted. - (c) Provide two
composite sheets 3, and the twocomposite sheets 3 are coiled around two coilingrollers 44 with different vertical positions (top and bottom). Uncoil the twocomposite sheets 3, and thecomposite sheets 3 are transported to a formingroller group 45. The formingroller group 45 presses thecomposite sheets 3 to contact with the bonding layers, thecomposite sheets 3 are laminated to the core layer, the core layer is sandwiched between the twocomposite sheets 3, and the twocomposite sheets 3 are two surface layers of the product respectively. Furthermore, the two surface layers can be coated with many colors. - (d) cool the product via a
cooling unit 46. - (e) guide the product to leave the
cooling unit 46 via a guidingunit 47. - (f) the guiding
unit 47 guilds the product to move to acutting unit 48, and the cuttingunit 48 cut the product to length. - As shown in
FIG. 10 . A process for producing a product of the second embodiment of the composite sheets is presented. FIG. 10's process is similar to that ofFIG. 8 with the following difference regarding and in place ofFIG. 8 ; please view in conjunction withFIG. 9 : Provide an adhesive supply connecting with an adhesive shunt (not shown) which is between themold 42 and the formingroller group 45. The adhesive shunt has two runners with different feeding positions (top and bottom). After the core layer is formed after themold 42, the two runners output and coat the adhesives to both surfaces of the core. The adhesives are the lamination agents for surface metals of the product. - As shown in
FIG. 11 . A process for producing a product of the third embodiment of the composite sheets is presented. Similar to steps ofFIG. 8 with the following difference regarding and in place ofFIG. 8 b); please view in conjunction withFIG. 9 : Provide some adhesive films. Place the adhesive films on the surfaces of the core layer, and heat and press the adhesive films by a set of heating rollers (could be formingroller group 45 or a separate set of heating rollers) having high temperature, and the adhesive films are found in-between the core & surface composite sheets to become adhesives, and the adhesives are the bonding layers of the product. As shown inFIG. 12 . A process for producing a product of the forth embodiment of the composite sheets is presented: Provide the flat core layer made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Provide the two flat surface layers made ofcomposite sheets 3. Bend the core layer and the two surface layers by a beating tool, a punching tool, a stamper, or a roller group to become fretted or flexuous sheets, eachmetallic sheet 1 of the surface layers includes a plurality of first base portions, a plurality of second base portions, and a plurality of bending portion, each first base portion's vertical position is different from each second base portion's vertical position (for a visualization of what an embodiment of difference between base portion's vertical position, please seeFIG. 15 ), and the bending portions are connected between the first base portions and the second base portions respectively, and the bonding power between the bended core layer and the bended surface layers are strengthened. - As shown in
FIG. 13 . A process for producing a product of the fifth embodiment of the composite sheets is presented. Provide the core layer made of thecomposite sheet 3. Provide the two flat surface layers made ofcomposite sheets 3. Bend the core layer by the beating tool, the punching tool, the stamper or the roller group to become a fretted or flexuous sheet, and eachmetallic sheet 1 of the core layer includes a plurality of first base portions, a plurality of second base portions, and a plurality of bending portion, the bending portions are connected between the first base portions and the second base portions respectively, the vertical position of each first base portion is different from the vertical position of each second base portion. One of the two surface layers bonds with the first base portions, and the other surface layer bonds with the second base portions. - As shown in
FIG. 14 . A structure of a composite sheet is presented, and the structure of the composite sheet comprises acore layer 5, twosurface layers 6 and a plurality of bonding layers 7. Thecore layer 5 and the surface layers 6 are three flat sheets. Thecore layer 5 is sandwiched between the twosurface layers 6, thecore layer 5 is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and eachsurface layer 6 has a plurality ofmetallic sheets 61. The bonding layers 7 are made of adhesives. One of the bonding layers 7 are mounted between themetallic sheets 61 and thecore layer 5, and theother bonding layers 7 are mounted between the twometallic sheets 61 and bonds themetallic sheets 61 andcore layer 5 together. - As shown in
FIG. 15 . A second embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented. And the second embodiment of the composite sheet comprises acore layer 5′, twosurface layers 6′ and a plurality ofbonding layers 7′. Thecore layer 5′ and the surface layers 6′ are fretted or flexuous sheets. Thecore layer 5′ is sandwiched between the twosurface layers 6′, thecore layer 5′ is made of polyethylene, or polypropylene, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and eachsurface layer 6′ has a plurality ofmetallic sheets 61′. Eachmetallic sheet 61′ includes a plurality offirst base portions 611′, a plurality ofsecond base portions 612′, and a plurality of bendingportion 613′, the bendingportions 613′ are connected between thefirst base portions 611′ and thesecond base portions 612′ respectively, the vertical position of eachfirst base portion 611′ is different from the vertical position of eachsecond base portion 612′. The bonding layers 7′ are made of adhesives. Two of the bonding layers 7′ are mounted between themetallic sheets 61′ and thecore layer 5″, and theother bonding layers 7′ are mounted between the twometallic sheets 61′, wherein the bonding layers 7′ bonds themetallic sheets 61′ andcore layer 5′ respectively. - As shown in
FIG. 16 . A third embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented. And the third embodiment of the composite sheet comprises acore layer 5″, twosurface layers 6″ and a plurality ofbonding layers 7″. Thecore layer 5″ is a flexuous sheet. Thecore layer 5″ is sandwiched between the twosurface layers 6″, thecore layer 5″ has a plurality ofmetallic sheets 51″, and eachmetallic sheets 51″ includes a plurality offirst base portions 511″, a plurality ofsecond base portions 512″, and a plurality of bendingportion 513″, the bendingportions 513″ are connected between thefirst base portions 511″ and thesecond base portions 512″ respectively, the vertical position of eachfirst base portion 511″ is different from the vertical position of eachsecond base portion 512″ (in the shape of a square wave function as can be seen fromFIG. 16 ). The surface layers 6″ are two flat sheets, and eachsurface layer 6″ has a plurality ofmetallic sheets 61″. The bonding layers 7″ are made of adhesives. One of the bonding layers 7″ are mounted between themetallic sheets 61″ and thecore layer 5″, and theother bonding layers 7″ are mounted between themetallic sheets 51″ of thecore layer 5″ and themetallic sheets 61″ of thesurface layer 6″ respectively. - As shown in
FIG. 17 . A forth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented, and the forth embodiment of the composite sheet comprises two core layers A and a plurality of bonding layers B, the two core layers A are one flexuous sheet and one flat sheet, and each core layer A has a plurality of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B. The flexuous sheet includes a plurality of first base portions A1, a plurality of second base portions A2, and a plurality of bending portion A3. The bending portions A3 are connected between the first base portions A1 and the second base portions A2 respectively, the vertical position for all the first portions A1 and the second portions A2 are different, and the second base portions A2 bond with the flat sheet via one of the bonding layers B which is between the flexuous sheet and the flat sheet. - As shown in
FIG. 18 . A fifth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented. The number of the core layer A is two, and the core layers A are two flexuous sheets, and each core layer A are made of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B. Each flexuous sheet includes the first base portions A1, the second base portions A2, and the bending portion A3. The first base portions A1 of one of the flexuous sheets bond with the second base portions A2 of the other flexuous sheet via one of the bonding layers B which is between the two flexuous sheets. - As shown in
FIG. 19 . A sixth embodiment of the structure of the composite sheet is presented. The number of the core layer A is three, and the core layers A are two flexuous sheets and one flat sheet. Each core layer A are made of metallic sheets, and the metallic sheets bond with one another via some of the bonding layers B. Each flexuous sheet includes the first base portions A1, the second base portions A2, and the bending portion A3. The first base portions A1 of one of the flexuous sheet and the second base portions A2 of the other flexuous sheet bond with the flat sheet via two of the bonding layers B which are among the two flexuous sheets and the flat sheet respectively. - The present invention has the following characteristics: Even the
metallic sheets 1 are not generally made of more expensive metals, the strength of thecomposite sheet 3 should still satisfy industry safety regulation, the cost of producing thecomposite sheet 3 can be effectively reduced, the weight of thecomposite sheet 3 can be light when compared to using traditional method, so that it is very convenient for users to assemble many of thecomposite sheets 3. - The description above only illustrates specific embodiments and examples of the invention. The invention should therefore cover various modifications and variations made to the herein-described structures and applications of the invention provided if they fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the following appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A process of producing a composite sheet, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a plurality of metallic sheets;
(b) bonding the metallic sheets with one another; and
(c) finishing the bonded composite sheet having a plurality of metallic layers.
2. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metallic sheets are coiled or uncoiled around a coiling roller group before bonding the plurality of the metallic sheets with one another.
3. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metallic sheets are passed through a stretching roller group before bonding the metallic sheets, and the stretching roller group extends, stretches, and flattens the metallic sheets.
4. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metallic sheets have top and bottom contact surfaces, a plurality of adhesive films are placed on the contact surfaces of one of the metallic sheets before bonding the plurality of the metallic sheets with one another, and the adhesive films are heated by a set of heating rollers to become adhesives, and the adhesives are bonding layers of the composite sheet.
5. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metallic sheets have contact surfaces, a plurality of adhesives are coated on the contact surfaces of one of the metallic sheets by singular or multiple adhesive applying units before bonding the plurality of the metallic sheets with one another, and the adhesives are bonding layers of the composite sheet.
6. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the metallic sheets are passed through a forming roller group after one of the metallic sheets out of the plurality of metallic sheets has formed the bonding layers, the forming roller group presses the metallic sheets to contact with the bonding layers respectively, and the plurality of metallic sheets bond with each other via the bonding layers.
7. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the forming roller group includes a pair of first forming rollers with different vertical positions, a pair of second forming rollers with different vertical positions, and a pair of third forming rollers with different vertical positions, therein the radius of each third forming rollers is longer than the radius of each second forming rollers, and the radius of each second forming roller is longer than the radius of each first forming roller, the metallic sheets are pressed by the first forming rollers, the second forming rollers, and the third forming rollers in sequence.
8. The process of producing the composite sheet as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metallic sheets are deformed by a beating tool, a punching tool, or a roller group to become flexuous sheets, and each flexuous sheet has a plurality of first base portions, a plurality of second base portions, and a plurality of bending portion, the bending portions are connected between the first base portions and the second base portions, the vertical position of each first base portion is different from the vertical position of each second base portion, forming a square wave shape.
9-21. (canceled)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/153,740 US20090291267A1 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same |
CNA2009102029253A CN101585255A (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2009-05-22 | Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same |
US12/764,370 US8426009B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-21 | Composite sheet structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/153,740 US20090291267A1 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same |
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US12/764,370 Continuation US8426009B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-21 | Composite sheet structure |
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US20090291267A1 true US20090291267A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
Family
ID=41342337
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US12/153,740 Abandoned US20090291267A1 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | Process of producing composite sheet and structure of the same |
US12/764,370 Expired - Fee Related US8426009B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-21 | Composite sheet structure |
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US12/764,370 Expired - Fee Related US8426009B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2010-04-21 | Composite sheet structure |
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CN (1) | CN101585255A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103895318A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 固笙企业有限公司 | Metal part and insulating part stamping and bonding method |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN102248739B (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-12-26 | 张家港木子机械科技有限公司 | Method for producing metal composite plate |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1770993A (en) * | 1927-10-06 | 1930-07-22 | Paterson Alexander | Art of rolling sheet metal |
US3594249A (en) * | 1967-09-14 | 1971-07-20 | Basf Ag | Production of nonplane building components composed of thermoplastic and metal layers |
US5024714A (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1991-06-18 | Lemelson Jerome H | Method and apparatus for forming a composite material |
US6205830B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-03-27 | The Material Works, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for processing sheet metal |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5985457A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1999-11-16 | Dofasco Inc. | Structural panel with kraft paper core between metal skins |
US20020086179A1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2002-07-04 | Wittebrood Adrianus Jacobus | Composite metal panel |
-
2008
- 2008-05-23 US US12/153,740 patent/US20090291267A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-05-22 CN CNA2009102029253A patent/CN101585255A/en active Pending
-
2010
- 2010-04-21 US US12/764,370 patent/US8426009B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1770993A (en) * | 1927-10-06 | 1930-07-22 | Paterson Alexander | Art of rolling sheet metal |
US3594249A (en) * | 1967-09-14 | 1971-07-20 | Basf Ag | Production of nonplane building components composed of thermoplastic and metal layers |
US5024714A (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1991-06-18 | Lemelson Jerome H | Method and apparatus for forming a composite material |
US6205830B1 (en) * | 2000-02-24 | 2001-03-27 | The Material Works, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for processing sheet metal |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103895318A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | 固笙企业有限公司 | Metal part and insulating part stamping and bonding method |
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US8426009B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
CN101585255A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
US20100203349A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
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