US20090275156A1 - Light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- US20090275156A1 US20090275156A1 US12/458,482 US45848209A US2009275156A1 US 20090275156 A1 US20090275156 A1 US 20090275156A1 US 45848209 A US45848209 A US 45848209A US 2009275156 A1 US2009275156 A1 US 2009275156A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum gallium Chemical compound [Al].[Ga] RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AJGDITRVXRPLBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum indium Chemical compound [Al].[In] AJGDITRVXRPLBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020658 PbSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150071746 Pbsn gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYDQGSVXQDOSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ge].[Au] Chemical compound [Ge].[Au] BYDQGSVXQDOSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEQNOZDXPONEMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium;oxotin Chemical compound [Cd].[Sn]=O BEQNOZDXPONEMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium phosphide Chemical compound [Ga]#P HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAOPTAQUONRHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Au] SAOPTAQUONRHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/40—Materials therefor
- H01L33/405—Reflective materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/44—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
- H01L33/46—Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/40—Materials therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, especially to a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device with high resistance as well as reflection and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the external quantum efficiency of LED is not improved so that there is a great difference between the external quantum efficiency and the internal quantum efficiency of LED.
- the reason that the external quantum efficiency of LED is not improved is in that: due to distribution of current in the p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer of the LED, photons generated from the active layer are shielded and reflected by the electrode over the p-type semiconductor layer and the photons also absorbed by the substrate of the LED. Therefore, probability of photons to be emitted from the LED is reduced.
- a conventional light emitting diode includes at least a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate, a light emitting layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode disposed on one side of the substrate that is opposite to the n-type semiconductor layer and a second electrode arranged on the p-type semiconductor layer.
- a voltage is applied to the LED, the current flows to the light emitting layer through the second electrode and photons are generated in the light emitting layer. Because the p-type semiconductor layer has higher resistance so that transverse current spreading in the p-type semiconductor layer is not easy.
- the LED is added with a resistant and reflective layer or is etched to form a contact window so as to make current flows beside thereof to the active layer for generating light.
- the light sent to the conductive layer is emitted, the light is not absorbed or shielded by the first electrode.
- the current is effectively spread across the conductive layer. Therefore, the brightness and light emitting efficiency of the LED are increased.
- adhesion between the conductive layer and the p-type semiconductor layer is increased so that metal peel-off problem during manufacturing processes is improved.
- the present invention provides a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device includes a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, a resistant and reflective layer, a conductive layer, a first electrode and a second electrode.
- the manufacturing method consists the following steps. Firstly, providing a substrate and then form a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate. Next an active layer is formed over the n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer is formed over the active layer.
- etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer, the active layer and the n-type semiconductor layer to expose part of the n-type semiconductor layer. Then a resistant and reflective layer is formed over the p-type semiconductor layer while a conductive layer is formed over the resistant and reflective layer as well as the p-type semiconductor layer. A first electrode is arranged over the conductive layer and the first electrode is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer. At last, a second electrode is formed over the exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
- a current generated passes beside the resistant and reflective layer and arrives the active layer so as to make the active layer generate light.
- the light from the active layer passes through the resistant and reflective layer and then emits out effectively without being shielded or absorbed by the first electrode.
- Another light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device of the present invention is composed of a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate, an active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer, a p-type semiconductor layer with a contact window over the active layer, a conductive layer over the p-type semiconductor layer with the contact window, a first electrode disposed on the conductive layer and corresponding to the contact window, and a second electrode arranged on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
- the manufacturing method of the light emitting device includes the steps of providing a substrate firstly. Form the n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate and then form the active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer.
- the p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer and perform an etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer, the active layer and the n-type semiconductor layer so as to make part of the n-type semiconductor layer expose.
- the first electrode is formed on the conductive layer and is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer.
- form the second electrode on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
- a resistant and reflective layer is formed over the resistant and reflective layer and is filled the contact window.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic drawing showing structure of an embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is a flow chart showing a manufacturing of the light emitting device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1C shows relationship between brightness and wavelength of the light emitting device according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing structure of another embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic drawing showing structure of a further embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a flow chart showing a manufacturing of the light emitting device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing structure of a further embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention.
- a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device 1 of the present invention includes a substrate 10 , a n-type semiconductor layer 11 , an active layer 13 , a p-type semiconductor layer 14 , a resistant and reflective layer 15 , a conductive layer 16 , a first electrode 17 and a second electrode 18 .
- a manufacturing method of the light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device of the present invention consists of following steps:
- step S 10 provide a substrate 10 that is made from one of the following material: aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride (GaN), aluminum nitride (AlN), gallium phosphide (GaP), silicon (Si), zinc oxide (ZnO), and manganese oxide (MnO), or their combinations.
- Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide
- SiC silicon carbide
- GaAs gallium arsenide
- GaN gallium nitride
- AlN aluminum nitride
- GaP gallium phosphide
- Si silicon
- ZnO zinc oxide
- MnO manganese oxide
- the n-type semiconductor layer 11 is a n-type gallium nitride semiconductor layer and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium.
- AlInGaN aluminum indium gallium nitride
- the active layer 13 is with multiple quantum wells and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium.
- the p-type semiconductor layer 14 over the active layer 13 and the p-type semiconductor layer 14 is a p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layer and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium.
- the resistant and reflective layer 15 is a dielectric reflective layer or a metal reflective layer.
- the dielectric reflective layer is made from silicon dioxide, silicon monoxide, silicon tetranitride, nitride, amorphous semiconductor, non-crystal semiconductor, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, titanium dioxide, oxide or combinations of them while the dielectric reflective layer can also be combinations of at least two materials with different refractive index.
- the metal reflective layer is made from Al, Ag, Pt, Ni, Cr, Pd, Sn, Au, Zn, Ti, Pb, Ge, Cu, gold beryllium (AuBe), gold germanium (AuGe), lead tin (PbSn), gold zinc (AuZn) or their combinations.
- the metal reflective layer can also be a plurality of metal particles that are chromium particles, nickel particles, aluminum particles, silver particles, or titanium particles.
- step S 16 form the conductive layer 16 over the resistant and reflective layer 15 and the p-type semiconductor layer 14 .
- the conductive layer 16 is made from Ni/Au, indium tin oxide, cadmium tin oxide, antinomy tin oxide, conductive transparent adhesive or their combinations.
- step S 17 form the first electrode 17 over the conductive layer 16 and the first electrode 17 is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer 15 .
- step S 18 form the second electrode 18 over the exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 .
- the present invention features on that the resistant and reflective layer 15 is disposed on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 on the position corresponding to the first electrode 17 .
- a current 2 is generated and is send from the conductive layer 16 to the active layer 13 so as to make the active layer 13 generate light. Due to higher resistance of the p-type semiconductor layer 14 , spreading of the current 2 is difficult so that the current 2 accumulates under the first electrode 17 . When the light turns to surface of the conductive layer 16 to emit out, it will be shielded or absorbed by the first electrode 17 . Thus light emitting efficiency of the LED is largely reduced.
- the LED 1 according to the present invention is disposed with the resistant and reflective layer 15 so that the current 2 passes beside the resistant and reflective layer 15 and there is no current passing through under the resistant and reflective layer 15 .
- the current 2 arrives the active layer 13 to generate light and the light is sent from the active layer 13 so that the light is effectively emitted through the resistant and reflective layer 15 without being absorbed or shielded by the first electrode 17 . Therefore, brightness and light emitting efficiency of the LED 1 are increased.
- FIG. 1C it shows relationship between brightness of LED and wavelength.
- the first curve 31 represents results of LED without addition of the resistant and reflective layer while the second curve 32 represents results of the embodiment of the LED in FIG. 1A . It is found from the first curve 31 and the second curve 32 that brightness of the LED of the present invention is larger than the LED without addition of the resistant and reflective layer.
- a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device 1 a of the present invention is composed of a substrate 10 , a n-type semiconductor layer 11 over the substrate 10 , an active layer 13 over the n-type semiconductor layer 11 , a p-type semiconductor layer 14 over the active layer 13 , a resistant and reflective layer 15 a disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 , a conductive layer 16 over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 , a first electrode 17 disposed on the conductive layer 16 and corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer 15 a, and a second electrode 18 arranged on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 .
- the resistant and reflective layer 15 a of this embodiment is a dielectric reflective layer 152 a and a metal reflective layer 151 a .
- the dielectric reflective layer 152 a is disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 while the metal reflective layer 151 a is arranged over the dielectric reflective layer 152 a.
- the dielectric reflective layer 152 a can also be arranged over the metal reflective layer 151 a.
- a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device 1 b of the present invention includes a substrate 10 , a n-type semiconductor layer 11 , an active layer 13 , a p-type semiconductor layer 14 b, a conductive layer 16 , a first electrode 17 and a second electrode 18 .
- a manufacturing method of the light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device lb of the present invention consists of following steps:
- step S 20 take a substrate 10 .
- step S 21 form the n-type semiconductor layer 11 over the substrate 10 .
- step S 22 form the active layer 13 over the n-type semiconductor layer 11 .
- step S 23 form the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b on the active layer 13 .
- step S 24 perform an etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b, the active layer 13 and the n-type semiconductor layer 11 so as to make part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 expose.
- step S 25 form the conductive layer 16 and a contact window 141 b on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b.
- the conductive layer 16 fills the contact window 141 b while the contact window 141 b is formed by an etching process or an ion implantation process.
- the etching process is a dry etching process, a wet etching process or combinations of them.
- take the step S 26 form the first electrode 17 on the conductive layer 16 while the first electrode 17 is corresponding to the contact window 141 b.
- run the step S 27 form the second electrode 18 on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 .
- the contact window 141 b is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 by the etching process or the ion implantation process, corresponding to the first electrode 17 .
- the contact window 141 b forms a high resistance layer.
- a current 2 generates. While contacting with the high resistance layer formed by the contact window 141 b, the current 2 passes beside the contact window 141 b so that here is not current flowing under the contact window 141 b.
- the current 2 is sent to the active layer 13 for generating light and the light from the active layer 13 passes through the resistant and reflective layer, then being radiated without shielded and absorbed by the first electrode 17 . Therefore, both brightness and efficiency of the LED are improved
- a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device 1 c of the present invention includes a substrate 10 , a n-type semiconductor layer 11 disposed over the substrate 10 , an active layer 13 arranged over the n-type semiconductor layer 11 , a p-type semiconductor layer 14 c having a contact window 141 c arranged over the active layer 13 , a resistant and reflective layer 15 c disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c with the contact window 141 c , a conductive layer 16 arranged over the resistant and reflective layer 15 c as well as the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c having a contact window 141 c, a first electrode 17 disposed over the conductive layer 16 and corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer 15 c, and a second electrode 18 arranged over exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 .
- the resistant and reflective layer 15 c of this embodiment is a dielectric reflective layer or a metal reflective layer and the contact window 141 c of the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c is filled in with the dielectric reflective layer or the metal reflective layer of the resistant and reflective layer 15 c.
- a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided by the present invention.
- the light-emitting device is with high resistance and reflection so that the current is not vertically transmitted to the active layer and is distributed effectively over the active layer.
- light passes through the resistant and reflective layer to be emitted out, without being shielded or absorbed by the first electrode. Therefore, light-emitting efficiency and brightness are improved.
- adhesion between the conductive layer and the p-type semiconductor layer is improved so that metal peel-off problem during manufacturing processes can be improved.
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Abstract
A light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The light emitting device includes a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate, an active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer, a p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer, a conductive layer over the p-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode disposed on the conductive layer and a second electrode arranged on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer. A resistant reflective layer or a contact window is disposed on the p-type semiconductor layer, corresponding to the first electrode so that current passes beside the resistant reflective layer or by the contact window to the active layer for generating light. When the light is transmitted to the conductive layer for being emitted, it is not absorbed or shielded by the first electrode. Thus the current is distributed efficiently over the conductive layer. Therefore, both LED brightness and efficiency are improved. Moreover, adhesion between the conductive layer and the p-type semiconductor layer is improved so that metal peel-off problem during manufacturing processes can be improved.
Description
- This application is a Divisional patent application of co-pending application Ser. No. 11/979,963, filed on 13 Nov. 2007. The entire disclosure of the prior application, Ser. No. 11/979,963, from which an oath or declaration is supplied, is considered a part of the disclosure of the accompanying Divisional application and is hereby incorporated by reference.
- The present invention relates to a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof, especially to a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device with high resistance as well as reflection and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Now scientists in various countries are dedicated to developing new LED material and improving the internal quantum efficiency of LED. However, the external quantum efficiency of LED is not improved so that there is a great difference between the external quantum efficiency and the internal quantum efficiency of LED. The reason that the external quantum efficiency of LED is not improved is in that: due to distribution of current in the p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer of the LED, photons generated from the active layer are shielded and reflected by the electrode over the p-type semiconductor layer and the photons also absorbed by the substrate of the LED. Therefore, probability of photons to be emitted from the LED is reduced.
- A conventional light emitting diode includes at least a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate, a light emitting layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer, a first electrode disposed on one side of the substrate that is opposite to the n-type semiconductor layer and a second electrode arranged on the p-type semiconductor layer. When a voltage is applied to the LED, the current flows to the light emitting layer through the second electrode and photons are generated in the light emitting layer. Because the p-type semiconductor layer has higher resistance so that transverse current spreading in the p-type semiconductor layer is not easy. Thus most of current accumulate on bottom side of the second electrode and then when the photons generated from the light emitting layer under the second electrode are emitted from the LED, the photons are reflected by the second electrode and further absorbed by the substrate. Therefore, the external quantum efficiency of the LED is dramatically reduced. Such prior art can't meet requirements of users so that there is a need to provide a LED with high resistance and reflection for improving light emitting efficiency of LEDs.
- Therefore it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. The LED is added with a resistant and reflective layer or is etched to form a contact window so as to make current flows beside thereof to the active layer for generating light. Thus when the light sent to the conductive layer is emitted, the light is not absorbed or shielded by the first electrode. The current is effectively spread across the conductive layer. Therefore, the brightness and light emitting efficiency of the LED are increased.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof that form a resistant and reflective layer on the LED or have a contact window on the p-type semiconductor layer by etching, corresponding to the first electrode. Thus adhesion between the conductive layer and the p-type semiconductor layer is increased so that metal peel-off problem during manufacturing processes is improved.
- In order to achieve above objects, the present invention provides a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. The light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device includes a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, a resistant and reflective layer, a conductive layer, a first electrode and a second electrode. The manufacturing method consists the following steps. Firstly, providing a substrate and then form a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate. Next an active layer is formed over the n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer is formed over the active layer. Perform an etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer, the active layer and the n-type semiconductor layer to expose part of the n-type semiconductor layer. Then a resistant and reflective layer is formed over the p-type semiconductor layer while a conductive layer is formed over the resistant and reflective layer as well as the p-type semiconductor layer. A first electrode is arranged over the conductive layer and the first electrode is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer. At last, a second electrode is formed over the exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
- After applying a voltage to the LED, a current generated passes beside the resistant and reflective layer and arrives the active layer so as to make the active layer generate light. The light from the active layer passes through the resistant and reflective layer and then emits out effectively without being shielded or absorbed by the first electrode.
- Another light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device of the present invention is composed of a substrate, a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate, an active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer, a p-type semiconductor layer with a contact window over the active layer, a conductive layer over the p-type semiconductor layer with the contact window, a first electrode disposed on the conductive layer and corresponding to the contact window, and a second electrode arranged on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer. The manufacturing method of the light emitting device includes the steps of providing a substrate firstly. Form the n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate and then form the active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer. Next form the p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer and perform an etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer, the active layer and the n-type semiconductor layer so as to make part of the n-type semiconductor layer expose. Form the conductive layer and the contact window on the p-type semiconductor layer. The first electrode is formed on the conductive layer and is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer. Finally, form the second electrode on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer. Moreover, before the conductive layer being formed over the p-type semiconductor layer, a resistant and reflective layer is formed over the resistant and reflective layer and is filled the contact window.
- After applying voltage to the light emitting device, the current generated passes beside the contact window
- The structure and the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the above and other objects can be best understood by referring to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein
-
FIG. 1A is a schematic drawing showing structure of an embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 1B is a flow chart showing a manufacturing of the light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 1C shows relationship between brightness and wavelength of the light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing showing structure of another embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 3A is a schematic drawing showing structure of a further embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 3B is a flow chart showing a manufacturing of the light emitting device according to the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is a schematic drawing showing structure of a further embodiment of a light emitting device according to the present invention. - Refer to
FIG. 1A , a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V groupcompound semiconductor device 1 of the present invention includes asubstrate 10, a n-type semiconductor layer 11, anactive layer 13, a p-type semiconductor layer 14, a resistant andreflective layer 15, aconductive layer 16, afirst electrode 17 and asecond electrode 18. Refer toFIG. 1B , a manufacturing method of the light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device of the present invention consists of following steps: - Firstly, refer to step S10, provide a
substrate 10 that is made from one of the following material: aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride (GaN), aluminum nitride (AlN), gallium phosphide (GaP), silicon (Si), zinc oxide (ZnO), and manganese oxide (MnO), or their combinations. Then run the step S11, form the n-type semiconductor layer 11 over thesubstrate 10 and thesemiconductor layer 11 is a n-type gallium nitride semiconductor layer and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium. - Next, run the step S12, form the
active layer 13 over the n-type semiconductor layer 11. Theactive layer 13 is with multiple quantum wells and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium. Refer to the step S13, form the p-type semiconductor layer 14 over theactive layer 13 and the p-type semiconductor layer 14 is a p-type gallium nitride semiconductor layer and is made from aluminum nitride, gallium nitride, aluminum gallium nitride, indium gallium nitride, aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN) or other compounds with at least one of aluminum, indium and gallium. - Take the step S14, perform an etching process on the p-
type semiconductor layer 14, theactive layer 13, and the n-type semiconductor layer 11 for exposing part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11. Run the step S15, form the resistant andreflective layer 15 over the p-type semiconductor layer 14. The resistant andreflective layer 15 is a dielectric reflective layer or a metal reflective layer. The dielectric reflective layer is made from silicon dioxide, silicon monoxide, silicon tetranitride, nitride, amorphous semiconductor, non-crystal semiconductor, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, titanium dioxide, oxide or combinations of them while the dielectric reflective layer can also be combinations of at least two materials with different refractive index. The metal reflective layer is made from Al, Ag, Pt, Ni, Cr, Pd, Sn, Au, Zn, Ti, Pb, Ge, Cu, gold beryllium (AuBe), gold germanium (AuGe), lead tin (PbSn), gold zinc (AuZn) or their combinations. The metal reflective layer can also be a plurality of metal particles that are chromium particles, nickel particles, aluminum particles, silver particles, or titanium particles. - Then run the step S16, form the
conductive layer 16 over the resistant andreflective layer 15 and the p-type semiconductor layer 14. Theconductive layer 16 is made from Ni/Au, indium tin oxide, cadmium tin oxide, antinomy tin oxide, conductive transparent adhesive or their combinations. Take the step S17, form thefirst electrode 17 over theconductive layer 16 and thefirst electrode 17 is corresponding to the resistant andreflective layer 15. Finally, run the step S18, form thesecond electrode 18 over the exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11. - The present invention features on that the resistant and
reflective layer 15 is disposed on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 on the position corresponding to thefirst electrode 17. As to the conventional LED, after applying a voltage to thefirst electrode 17 and thesecond electrode 18, a current 2 is generated and is send from theconductive layer 16 to theactive layer 13 so as to make theactive layer 13 generate light. Due to higher resistance of the p-type semiconductor layer 14, spreading of the current 2 is difficult so that the current 2 accumulates under thefirst electrode 17. When the light turns to surface of theconductive layer 16 to emit out, it will be shielded or absorbed by thefirst electrode 17. Thus light emitting efficiency of the LED is largely reduced. In order to solve above problem, theLED 1 according to the present invention is disposed with the resistant andreflective layer 15 so that the current 2 passes beside the resistant andreflective layer 15 and there is no current passing through under the resistant andreflective layer 15. The current 2 arrives theactive layer 13 to generate light and the light is sent from theactive layer 13 so that the light is effectively emitted through the resistant andreflective layer 15 without being absorbed or shielded by thefirst electrode 17. Therefore, brightness and light emitting efficiency of theLED 1 are increased. - Refer to
FIG. 1C , it shows relationship between brightness of LED and wavelength. As shown in figure, there are two curves—afirst curve 31 and asecond curve 32. Thefirst curve 31 represents results of LED without addition of the resistant and reflective layer while thesecond curve 32 represents results of the embodiment of the LED inFIG. 1A . It is found from thefirst curve 31 and thesecond curve 32 that brightness of the LED of the present invention is larger than the LED without addition of the resistant and reflective layer. - Refer to
FIG. 2 , another embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. A light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V groupcompound semiconductor device 1 a of the present invention is composed of asubstrate 10, a n-type semiconductor layer 11 over thesubstrate 10, anactive layer 13 over the n-type semiconductor layer 11, a p-type semiconductor layer 14 over theactive layer 13, a resistant andreflective layer 15 a disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14, aconductive layer 16 over the p-type semiconductor layer 14, afirst electrode 17 disposed on theconductive layer 16 and corresponding to the resistant andreflective layer 15 a, and asecond electrode 18 arranged on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11. The resistant andreflective layer 15 a of this embodiment is a dielectricreflective layer 152 a and a metalreflective layer 151 a. The dielectricreflective layer 152 a is disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 while the metalreflective layer 151 a is arranged over the dielectricreflective layer 152 a. Moreover, the dielectricreflective layer 152 a can also be arranged over the metalreflective layer 151 a. - Refer to
FIG. 3A , a further embodiment is revealed. A light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V groupcompound semiconductor device 1 b of the present invention includes asubstrate 10, a n-type semiconductor layer 11, anactive layer 13, a p-type semiconductor layer 14 b, aconductive layer 16, afirst electrode 17 and asecond electrode 18. Refer toFIG. 3B , a manufacturing method of the light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device lb of the present invention consists of following steps: - firstly, refer to step S20, take a
substrate 10. Then run the step S21, form the n-type semiconductor layer 11 over thesubstrate 10. Next run the step S22, form theactive layer 13 over the n-type semiconductor layer 11. Take the step S23, form the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b on theactive layer 13. The run the step S24, perform an etching process on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b, theactive layer 13 and the n-type semiconductor layer 11 so as to make part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11 expose. Refer to step S25, form theconductive layer 16 and acontact window 141 b on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 b. Theconductive layer 16 fills thecontact window 141 b while thecontact window 141 b is formed by an etching process or an ion implantation process. The etching process is a dry etching process, a wet etching process or combinations of them. Then take the step S26, form thefirst electrode 17 on theconductive layer 16 while thefirst electrode 17 is corresponding to thecontact window 141 b. Finally, run the step S27, form thesecond electrode 18 on exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11. - This embodiment features on that the
contact window 141 b is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 by the etching process or the ion implantation process, corresponding to thefirst electrode 17. Through the etching process, thecontact window 141 b forms a high resistance layer. When the voltage is applied to thefirst electrode 17 and thesecond electrode 18, a current 2 generates. While contacting with the high resistance layer formed by thecontact window 141 b, the current 2 passes beside thecontact window 141 b so that here is not current flowing under thecontact window 141 b. Thus the current is effectively distributed over the active layer. The current 2 is sent to theactive layer 13 for generating light and the light from theactive layer 13 passes through the resistant and reflective layer, then being radiated without shielded and absorbed by thefirst electrode 17. Therefore, both brightness and efficiency of the LED are improved - Refer to
FIG. 4 , a further embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. A light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V groupcompound semiconductor device 1 c of the present invention includes asubstrate 10, a n-type semiconductor layer 11 disposed over thesubstrate 10, anactive layer 13 arranged over the n-type semiconductor layer 11, a p-type semiconductor layer 14 c having acontact window 141 c arranged over theactive layer 13, a resistant andreflective layer 15 c disposed over the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c with thecontact window 141 c, aconductive layer 16 arranged over the resistant andreflective layer 15 c as well as the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c having acontact window 141 c, afirst electrode 17 disposed over theconductive layer 16 and corresponding to the resistant andreflective layer 15 c, and asecond electrode 18 arranged over exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer 11. The resistant andreflective layer 15 c of this embodiment is a dielectric reflective layer or a metal reflective layer and thecontact window 141 c of the p-type semiconductor layer 14 c is filled in with the dielectric reflective layer or the metal reflective layer of the resistant andreflective layer 15 c. - In summary, a light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided by the present invention. The light-emitting device is with high resistance and reflection so that the current is not vertically transmitted to the active layer and is distributed effectively over the active layer. Thus light passes through the resistant and reflective layer to be emitted out, without being shielded or absorbed by the first electrode. Therefore, light-emitting efficiency and brightness are improved. Moreover, adhesion between the conductive layer and the p-type semiconductor layer is improved so that metal peel-off problem during manufacturing processes can be improved.
- Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details, and representative devices shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A manufacturing method of light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor devices comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate;
forming a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate;
forming an active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer;
forming a p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer;
performing an etching process to expose part of the n-type semiconductor layer;
forming a resistant and reflective layer over the p-type semiconductor layer;
forming a conductive layer over the resistant and reflective layer and the p-type semiconductor layer;
forming a first electrode that is corresponding to the resistant and reflective layer over the conductive layer;
forming a second electrode over exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the resistant and reflective layer is a dielectric reflective layer, a metal reflective layer or combinations of them.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the dielectric reflective layer is made from silicon dioxide, silicon monoxide, silicon tetranitride, nitride, amorphous semiconductor, non-crystal semiconductor, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, titanium dioxide, oxide or combinations of them.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the dielectric reflective layer is made from combinations of at least two materials with different refractive index.
5. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the metal reflective layer comprising a plurality of metal particles.
6. A manufacturing method of light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor devices comprising the steps of:
providing a substrate;
forming a n-type semiconductor layer over the substrate;
forming an active layer over the n-type semiconductor layer;
forming a p-type semiconductor layer over the active layer;
forming a contact window on the p-type semiconductor layer;
performing an etching process to expose part of the n-type semiconductor layer;
forming a conductive layer over the contact window and the p-type semiconductor layer;
forming a first electrode over the conductive layer and corresponding to the contact window; and
forming a second electrode over exposed part of the n-type semiconductor layer.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the contact window is formed by an etching process or an ion implantation process.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein a resistant and reflective layer is arranged over the contact window.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the resistant and reflective layer is a dielectric reflective layer, a metal reflective layer or combinations of them.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the dielectric reflective layer is made from silicon dioxide, silicon monoxide, silicon tetranitride, nitride, amorphous semiconductor, non-crystal semiconductor, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, titanium dioxide, oxide or combinations of them.
11. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the dielectric reflective layer is made from combinations of at least two materials with different refractive index.
12. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the metal reflective layer comprising a plurality of metal particles.
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US11/979,963 US8263991B2 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2007-11-13 | Light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
US12/458,482 US20090275156A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2009-07-14 | Light-emitting gallium nitride-based III-V group compound semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
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Also Published As
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US20080303034A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
TWI452716B (en) | 2014-09-11 |
US8263991B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 |
TW200849647A (en) | 2008-12-16 |
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