US20090272237A1 - Adjustable socket - Google Patents
Adjustable socket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090272237A1 US20090272237A1 US12/112,321 US11232108A US2009272237A1 US 20090272237 A1 US20090272237 A1 US 20090272237A1 US 11232108 A US11232108 A US 11232108A US 2009272237 A1 US2009272237 A1 US 2009272237A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- jaws
- housing
- adjustable socket
- adjusting collar
- jaw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
- B25B13/44—Spanners; Wrenches of the chuck type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
- Y10T279/17—Socket type
- Y10T279/17615—Obliquely guided reciprocating jaws
- Y10T279/17649—Threaded sleeve and body
Definitions
- This disclosure pertains to an adjustable socket having jaws which are radially displaceable relative to a fastener positioned between the jaws.
- An adjustable socket can be a convenient alternative to a set of individual fixed-size non-adjustable sockets.
- a single adjustable socket can be adjusted to fit fasteners (e.g. nuts, bolts, etc) of different sizes, whereas individual fixed-size sockets must be selected from a socket set to fit fasteners of different sizes.
- Some adjustable sockets can also grip a worn fastener more firmly than a fixed-size socket selected from a socket set.
- an adjustable socket having worn jaws can grip a fastener more firmly than a worn fixed-size socket selected from a socket set.
- Desirable attributes of an adjustable socket include compact, simple, inexpensive construction; and the ability to apply and maintain significant force to a fastener without slippage. These attributes are addressed by the adjustable socket disclosed below.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of an adjustable socket.
- FIG. 2A is a front elevation view of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken with respect to line 2 B- 2 B shown in FIG. 2A .
- FIG. 2C is an oblique upper front view of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket.
- FIG. 2D is an oblique fragmented lower end side view of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket, with a fastener shown schematically.
- FIGS. 3A , 3 B and 3 C are respectively front elevation, bottom plan, and oblique bottom views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket's housing.
- FIGS. 3D , 3 E, 3 F and 3 G are cross-sectional views taken with respect to lines 3 D- 3 D, 3 E- 3 E, 3 F- 3 F and 3 G- 3 G respectively shown in FIG. 3A .
- FIGS. 4A , 4 B, 4 C and 4 D are respectively front elevation, side elevation, oblique top front, and oblique top rear views of one the FIG. 1 adjustable socket's jaws.
- FIGS. 5A , 5 B and 5 C are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener.
- FIGS. 6A , 6 B and 6 C are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket showing the jaws closed on a schematically shown fastener.
- FIGS. 7A , 7 B, 7 C and 7 D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a fully open position.
- FIGS. 8A , 8 B, 8 C and 8 D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a first partially closed position.
- FIGS. 9A , 9 B, 9 C and 9 D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a second partially closed position.
- FIGS. 10A , 10 B, 10 C and 10 D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a fully closed position.
- FIGS. 11A , 11 B and 11 C are respectively oblique top exploded, oblique top and oblique bottom views showing coupling of the FIG. 1 adjustable socket to a ratchet type socket driving implement.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a first housing (also shown in FIGS. 3A-3G ); and FIGS. 12C and 12D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the first housing.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a second housing; and FIGS. 13C and 13D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the second housing.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a third housing; and FIGS. 14C and 14D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the third housing.
- FIGS. 15A and 15B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a fourth housing; and FIGS. 15C and 15D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the fourth housing.
- FIGS. 16A-16B , 16 C- 16 D and 16 E- 16 F are respectively pairs of oblique top front and top plan views of an adjustable socket having a rapid jaw closure feature; FIGS. 16A-16B showing the jaws fully opened;
- FIGS. 16C-16D illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to rapidly close the jaws
- FIGS. 16E-16F illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws.
- FIGS. 17A and 17B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of an adjustable socket having a scale to indicate the jaws' position as they are opened or closed.
- FIGS. 18A , 18 B and 18 C are respectively front elevation, cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 18 B- 18 B shown in FIG. 18A ) and oblique top views of an adjustable socket having an alternative adjusting collar.
- FIGS. 19A , 19 B and 19 C are respectively front elevation, cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 19 B- 19 B shown in FIG. 19A ) and oblique top views of a “deep” adjustable socket.
- FIGS. 20A and 20B are respectively front elevation and cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 20 B- 20 B shown in FIG. 20A ) views of an adjustable socket having biasing members between diametrically opposed pairs of jaws;
- FIG. 20C is an oblique top view of the biasing members and four of the adjustable socket's six jaws;
- FIG. 20D is an oblique top view of the biasing members and the six jaws.
- FIGS. 21A , 21 B, 21 C and 21 D are respectively oblique top front, side elevation, front elevation and exploded oblique top front views of a laminated jaw.
- FIG. 22 is an exploded oblique top front view of another alternative adjusting collar.
- FIGS. 23A , 23 B and 23 C are respectively bottom plan, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of a 4-jaw adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener.
- FIGS. 24A , 24 B and 24 C are respectively bottom plan, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of a 3-jaw adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 A- 2 D depict an adjustable socket 10 having a housing 12 , an adjusting collar 14 , a plurality of jaws 16 , a retainer 18 and a plurality of biasing members (e.g. springs) 20 .
- biasing members e.g. springs
- Housing 12 (also shown separately in FIGS. 3A-3C ) has a generally cylindrical shape (i.e. is circular in cross-section) and a longitudinal axis 22 .
- a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spaced apertures 24 are formed in and extend through the lower end of housing 12 .
- a pair of opposed tongues 26 protrude into the lower end of each one of apertures 24 .
- the upper end of housing 12 is externally threaded, as indicated at 28 .
- a drive aperture 30 is formed in the upper end of housing 12 to removably receive the driving stub 29 of a standard socket driving implement such as ratchet type socket driving wrench 31 as shown in FIGS. 11A-11C .
- Drive aperture 30 may alternatively removably receive a suitably sized and shaped driving stub mounted on a power-operated drill, power-operated screwdriver, manual screwdriver, etc. Instead of providing drive aperture 30 in housing 12 as aforesaid, one may fix a driving implement such as a handle directly to housing 12 (not shown).
- Adjusting collar 14 is circular in cross-section.
- the lower end of adjusting collar 14 is internally circumferentially bevelled, as indicated at 32 ( FIG. 1 ).
- a chamber 34 (best seen in FIG. 2B ) is formed within adjusting collar 14 , above bevelled lower end 32 .
- the upper end of adjusting collar 14 is internally threaded, as indicated at 36 , for threadable coupling to housing 12 's threaded upper end 28 as explained below.
- Each jaw 16 (a single jaw is shown separately in FIGS. 4A-4D ) has a flat inward face 38 , a flat top face 39 , and a bevelled central outward face 40 , it being understood that “inward” means facing toward axis 22 and “outward” means facing away from axis 22 as shown in FIG. 1 .
- An outwardly protruding lip 42 is formed at the upper end of each jaw 16 , above bevelled face 40 .
- a pair of opposed grooves 44 are formed in the lower end sides of each jaw 16 .
- a recess 46 is formed in the upper end of the inward face 38 of each jaw 16 .
- Adjustable socket 10 may have three pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16 (i.e. a total of six jaws 16 ).
- Apertures 24 , tongues 26 , jaws 16 and grooves 44 are sized and shaped for snug fitting of each jaw 16 in a corresponding one of apertures 24 and to permit each jaw 16 to slidably and radially move through the corresponding one of apertures 24 , and to resist inward or outward tilting of jaws 16 within apertures 24 relative to axis 22 .
- the displacement d 1 ( FIG. 4A ) between each jaw's top face 39 and the top of the jaw's grooves 44 ; the displacement d 2 ( FIG. 4A ) between top face 39 and the centre of the jaw's recess 46 ; and the wall thickness of housing 12 at each aperture 24 ; are selected in accordance with well known force balancing principles to avoid self-locking of jaws 16 due to friction when adjustable socket 10 is operated.
- the hexagonal head of fastener 47 ( FIG. 1 ) is gripped between jaws 16 , forcing the lower end of the inward face 38 of each jaw 16 against a corresponding one of the outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 .
- Each jaw's top face 39 is braced against the top 25 of a corresponding one of housing 12 's apertures 24 to resist such tilting, and each jaw's bevelled central outward face 40 is braced against adjusting collar 14 's lower end 32 to resist radial outward movement of the jaw during rotation of fastener 47 .
- Retainer 18 ( FIG. 1 ) has an upper circular flange portion 48 . Stud 50 protrudes downwardly from the centre of flange 48 . A plurality of equally circumferentially spaced recesses 52 are formed in stud 50 .
- Adjustable socket 10 is assembled by press-fitting retainer 18 through the lower end of housing 12 until flange 48 contacts inward surface 54 of housing 12 as seen in FIG. 2B .
- Each jaw 16 is then slidably mounted in a corresponding one of apertures 24 , with the jaw's inward face 38 toward axis 22 .
- Each spring 20 is then compressed and fitted between a recess 46 in one of jaws 16 and a corresponding recess 52 in stud 50 .
- a ring clamp (not shown) or the like is used to temporarily compress jaws 16 radially inwardly through apertures 24 , toward axis 22 .
- Adjusting collar 14 's internally threaded upper end is then threadably coupled to housing 12 's threaded upper end 28 and rotated until lips 42 of jaws 16 are within adjusting collar 14 's chamber 34 .
- the ring clamp is then removed, allowing springs 20 to bias jaws 16 radially outwardly away from axis 22 until the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40 contact adjusting collar 14 's bevelled lower end 32 .
- FIGS. 7A-7D show jaws 16 in a fully open position in which the diameter of a notional circle C 1 ( FIG. 7D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is maximized.
- the outwardly protruding lips 42 of jaws 16 are prevented from moving further downwardly by chamber 34 's lower circumferential rim 56 , thus retaining jaws 16 within adjustable socket 10 .
- FIGS. 8A-8D show adjustable socket 10 after rotation of adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 to move jaws 16 into a first partially closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C 2 ( FIG. 8D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is reduced relative to the diameter of notional circle C 1 .
- FIGS. 9A-9D show adjustable socket 10 after further rotation of adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 to move jaws 16 into a second partially closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C 3 ( FIG. 9D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is further reduced relative to the diameter of notional circle C 2 .
- FIGS. 10A-10D show jaws 16 after further rotation of adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 to move jaws 16 into a fully closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C 4 ( FIG. 10D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is minimized.
- FIGS. 8A-8D and 9 A- 9 D show just two of many possible partially closed positions. Rotation of adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 facilitates selectable positioning of jaws 16 within a continuously adjustable range of partially closed positions between the fully open position shown in FIGS. 7A-7D and the fully closed position shown in FIGS. 10A-10D .
- Adjustable socket 10 thus retains the same compact shape whether jaws 16 are fully open, fully closed, or in any intermediate position therebetween.
- each one of the six jaws 16 makes force transfer contact with a corresponding one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 .
- Such force transfer contact is maintained throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions of jaws 16 .
- Rotational driving forces are accordingly equally distributed and applied to each one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions of jaws 16 .
- each jaw 16 remains parallel to a corresponding one of the six flat outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions of jaws 16 . Accordingly, the inward face 38 of each jaw 16 makes flat surface force transfer contact with a corresponding one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 . Flat surface force transfer contact is maintained throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions of jaws 16 .
- FIGS. 12A-12D , 13 A- 13 D, 14 A- 14 D and 15 A- 15 D illustrate different possible configurations of housing 12 and jaws 16 , with FIGS. 12A-12D showing the previously described configurations of housing 12 and jaws 16 for purposes of comparison.
- FIGS. 13A-13B depict an alternative housing 12 A. Elements which are common to housing 12 and alternative housing 12 A bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative housing 12 A have reference numerals with the suffix “A” in FIGS. 13A-13B . Specifically, a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spaced apertures 24 A are formed in and extend through the lower end of alternative housing 12 A. A pair of opposed grooves 26 A are formed in the lower end of each one of apertures 24 A.
- a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spaced apertures 24 A are formed in and extend through the lower end of alternative housing 12 A.
- a pair of opposed grooves 26 A are formed in the lower end of each one of apertures 24 A.
- FIGS. 13C-13D depict an alternative jaw 16 A. Elements which are common to jaw 16 and alternative jaw 16 A bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative jaw 16 A have reference numerals with the suffix “A” in FIGS. 13C-13D .
- a pair of opposed tongues 44 A protrude from the lower end sides of each jaw 16 A.
- Apertures 24 A, tongues 44 A, jaws 16 A and grooves 26 A are sized and shaped to permit each jaw 16 A to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one of apertures 24 A, and to resist inward or outward tilting of jaws 16 A within apertures 24 A relative to axis 22 .
- FIGS. 14A-14B depict another alternative housing 12 B. Elements which are common to housing 12 and alternative housing 12 B bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative housing 12 B have reference numerals with the suffix “B” in FIGS. 14A-14B .
- a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spaced apertures 24 B are formed in and extend through the lower end of alternative housing 12 B.
- a pair of opposed tongues 26 B protrude into the lower end of each one of apertures 24 B.
- Each tongue 26 B has a semi-cylindrical or other rounded shape.
- FIGS. 14C-14D depict an alternative jaw 16 B. Elements which are common to jaw 16 and alternative jaw 16 B bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative jaw 16 B have reference numerals with the suffix “B” in FIGS. 14C-14D . Specifically, a pair of opposed grooves 44 B are formed in the lower end sides of each jaw 16 B. Each one of grooves 44 B has a semi-cylindrical or other rounded shape matching that of tongues 26 B.
- Apertures 24 B, tongues 26 B, jaws 16 B and grooves 44 B are sized and shaped to permit each jaw 16 B to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one of apertures 24 B, and to resist inward or outward tilting of jaws 16 B within apertures 24 B relative to axis 22 .
- FIGS. 15A-15B depict another alternative housing 12 C. Elements which are common to housing 12 and alternative housing 12 C bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative housing 12 C have reference numerals with the suffix “C” in FIGS. 15A-15B .
- a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spaced apertures 24 C are formed in the lower end of alternative housing 12 C.
- apertures 24 C of housing 12 C do not extend through the lower end of alternative housing 12 C (i.e. apertures 24 C are closed on all sides whereas apertures 24 are open-bottomed). Tongues, grooves, etc. are not provided in apertures 24 C, each of which may be rectangular in shape.
- FIGS. 15C-15D depict an alternative jaw 16 C. Elements which are common to jaw 16 and alternative jaw 16 C bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative jaw 16 C have reference numerals with the suffix “C” in FIGS. 15C-15D . Specifically, the sides 45 C of each jaw 16 C are smooth-tongues, grooves, etc. are not provided in jaws 16 C. Each jaw 16 C has a rectangular cross-sectional shape matching that of apertures 24 C.
- Apertures 24 C and jaws 16 C are sized and shaped to permit each jaw 16 C to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one of apertures 24 C, and to resist inward or outward tilting of jaws 16 C within apertures 24 C relative to axis 22 .
- FIGS. 16A-16F depict an alternative adjustable socket 10 D having a rapid jaw closure feature. Elements which are common to adjustable socket 10 and alternative adjustable socket 10 D bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative adjustable socket 10 D have reference numerals with the suffix “D”.
- Housing 12 D is similar to housing 12 , except that external threads 28 D on housing 12 D are interrupted by circumferentially spaced, non-threaded regions 70 D.
- Adjusting collar 14 D is similar to adjusting collar 14 , except that internal threads 36 D on adjusting collar 14 D are interrupted by circumferentially spaced, non-threaded regions 72 D.
- Externally threaded regions 28 D have the same circumferential extent as non-threaded regions 72 D, and internally threaded regions 36 D have the same circumferential extent as and non-threaded regions 70 D. This facilitates alignment of externally threaded regions 28 D with non-threaded regions 72 D as shown in FIGS. 16A-16D .
- externally threaded regions 28 D are aligned with non-threaded regions 72 D
- internally threaded regions 36 D are aligned with non-threaded regions 70 D, and vice versa.
- Such alignment allows adjusting collar 14 D to be displaced rapidly downwardly and coaxially along housing 12 D as indicated by arrow 74 in FIG.
- FIGS. 17A-17B depict an alternative adjustable socket 10 E.
- Housing 12 E is similar to housing 12 , except that external threads 28 E on housing 12 E are interrupted by non-threaded region 70 E which bears a scale 78 calibrated to indicate the position of jaws 16 as the jaws are opened or closed. The jaws' position is indicated by the point at which adjusting collar 14 's upper rim 80 intersects scale 78 .
- Suitable calibration markings can be provided on scale 78 , each marking corresponding to one of a plurality of notional circles tangential to the inward faces 38 of jaws 16 as jaws 16 are opened and closed as aforesaid.
- FIGS. 18A-18C depict an alternative adjustable socket 10 F. Elements which are common to adjustable socket 10 and alternative adjustable socket 10 F bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative adjustable socket 10 F have reference numerals with the suffix “F”.
- Alternative adjustable socket 10 F's adjusting collar 14 F has an external cylindrical shape, whereas adjustable socket 10 's adjusting collar 14 has a central frusto-conical portion 60 between a reduced-diameter cylindrical upper end portion 62 and an enlarged-diameter cylindrical lower end portion 64 ( FIGS. 2A-2C ).
- chamber 34 F within alternative adjustable socket 10 F's adjusting collar 14 F has a cylindrical shape
- chamber 34 within adjustable socket 10 's adjusting collar 14 has a frusto-conical portion 66 above a lower cylindrical portion 68
- Chamber 34 F has a flat lower circumferential rim 56 F.
- FIGS. 19A-19C depict an alternative “deep” adjustable socket 10 G.
- Elements which are common to adjustable socket 10 and alternative adjustable socket 10 G bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further.
- Elements which are unique to alternative adjustable socket 10 G have reference numerals with the suffix “G”.
- Alternative adjustable socket 10 G's housing 12 G is similar to housing 12 , except that housing 12 G is extended below the lower end of adjusting collar 14 , in the direction of longitudinal axis 22 .
- Housing 12 G's circumferentially spaced apertures 24 G are also extended to accommodate similarly extended jaws 16 G. Such extension facilitates insertion of jaws 12 G into recesses to grip fasteners which cannot be reached by adjustable socket 10 .
- FIGS. 20A-20B depict an alternative adjustable socket 10 H. Elements which are common to adjustable socket 10 and alternative adjustable socket 10 H bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative adjustable socket 10 H have reference numerals with the suffix “H”. Instead of having a retainer 18 as described above in relation to adjustable socket 10 , alternative adjustable socket 10 H has a biasing member (e.g. spring) 20 H between each diametrically opposed pair of jaws. If adjustable socket 10 H has three pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16 H 1 , 16 H 2 and 16 H 3 (i.e. a total of six jaws, as shown) then three springs 20 H are provided.
- a biasing member e.g. spring
- Jaw pair 16 H 1 is provided with recesses 46 H 1 which are closer to the jaws' top surfaces 39 than recesses 46 H 2 provided in jaw pair 16 H 2 .
- Jaw pair 16 H 3 is provided with recesses 46 H 3 which are farther from the jaws' top surfaces 39 than recesses 46 H 2 provided in jaw pair 16 H 2 . As best seen in FIGS.
- paired recesses 46 H 1 , 46 H 2 and 46 H 3 allow a first spring 20 H to be fitted between paired recesses 46 H 1 of opposed jaws 16 H 1 , a second spring 20 H to be fitted between paired recesses 46 H 2 of opposed jaws 16 H 2 , and a third spring 20 H to be fitted between paired recesses 46 H 3 of opposed jaws 16 H 3 .
- Springs 20 H bias jaws 16 H 1 , 16 H 2 , 16 H 3 radially outwardly away from axis 22 until the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40 contact adjusting collar 14 's bevelled lower end 32 .
- FIGS. 21A-21D depict an alternative “laminated” jaw 16 I. Elements which are common to jaw 16 and laminated jaw 16 I bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further.
- Laminated jaw 16 I incorporates a central layer 82 , two opposed upper side layers 84 and two opposed lower side layers 86 . Layers 82 , 84 , 86 are assembled as shown in FIG. 21D by aligning rivet-receiving apertures 88 , then fastening rivets 90 through the aligned apertures.
- FIG. 22 depicts an alternative adjusting collar 14 J.
- Adjusting collar 14 J is formed in two parts, namely main part 92 and ring 94 .
- Ring 94 may be formed of plastic or similar material.
- the outer surface 96 of ring 94 may be knurled (as shown) for improved gripping of adjusting collar 14 J.
- a trademark, trade name, or other indicia may be etched, engraved, or otherwise applied to or formed upon outer surface 96 .
- Ring 94 may have a ribbed inner surface 98 sized and shaped for interlocking engagement with a corresponding ribbed outer surface 100 formed on main part 92 . Ring 94 is pressfitted over main part 92 to interlockably engage ribbed surfaces 98 , 100 and thereby resist rotation of ring 94 relative to main part 92 .
- FIGS. 23A-23C depict an alternative, 4-jaw adjustable socket 10 K. Elements which are common to adjustable socket 10 and 4-jaw adjustable socket 10 K bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternative adjustable socket 10 K have reference numerals with the suffix “K”.
- Housing 12 K is similar to housing 12 , except that four (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced jaw-receiving apertures 24 K are formed in and extend through the lower end of housing 12 K.
- Retainer 18 K is similar to retainer 18 , except that four (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced recesses are formed in retainer 18 K's downwardly protruding stud.
- Adjustable socket 10 K has two pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16 (i.e. a total of four jaws 16 ).
- rotation of adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 K in first direction 53 moves adjusting collar 14 downwardly and coaxially along housing 12 K.
- the jaws' inward faces 38 are thus forced against the square head of fastener 47 K (e.g. a bolt or a nut) located between inward faces 38 .
- FIGS. 24A-24C depict an alternative, 3-jaw adjustable socket 10 L.
- Housing 12 L is similar to housing 12 , except that three (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced jaw-receiving apertures 24 L are formed in and extend through the lower end of housing 12 L.
- Retainer 18 L is similar to retainer 18 , except that three (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced recesses are formed in retainer 18 L's downwardly protruding stud.
- Adjustable socket 10 L has three jaws 16 .
- external threads 28 on housing 12 , and internal threads 36 of adjusting collar 14 may be double-start threads or other types of multiple-start threads to facilitate rapid opening and closing of jaws 16 .
- a driving implement (not shown) may be removably drivingly coupled to adjusting collar 14 and operated to rotatably drive adjusting collar 14 around housing 12 in order to adjustably position jaws 16 . It is therefore intended that the following appended claims and claims hereafter introduced are interpreted to include all such modifications, permutations, additions and sub-combinations as are within their true spirit and scope.
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Abstract
Description
- This disclosure pertains to an adjustable socket having jaws which are radially displaceable relative to a fastener positioned between the jaws.
- An adjustable socket can be a convenient alternative to a set of individual fixed-size non-adjustable sockets. A single adjustable socket can be adjusted to fit fasteners (e.g. nuts, bolts, etc) of different sizes, whereas individual fixed-size sockets must be selected from a socket set to fit fasteners of different sizes. Some adjustable sockets can also grip a worn fastener more firmly than a fixed-size socket selected from a socket set. Conversely, an adjustable socket having worn jaws can grip a fastener more firmly than a worn fixed-size socket selected from a socket set.
- Desirable attributes of an adjustable socket include compact, simple, inexpensive construction; and the ability to apply and maintain significant force to a fastener without slippage. These attributes are addressed by the adjustable socket disclosed below.
- The foregoing examples of the related art and limitations related thereto are intended to be illustrative and not exclusive. Other limitations of the related art will become apparent to those of skill in the art upon a reading of the specification and a study of the drawings.
- Exemplary embodiments are illustrated in referenced figures of the drawings. It is intended that the embodiments and figures disclosed herein are to be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.
-
FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of an adjustable socket. -
FIG. 2A is a front elevation view of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket. -
FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken with respect to line 2B-2B shown inFIG. 2A . -
FIG. 2C is an oblique upper front view of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket. -
FIG. 2D is an oblique fragmented lower end side view of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket, with a fastener shown schematically. -
FIGS. 3A , 3B and 3C are respectively front elevation, bottom plan, and oblique bottom views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket's housing. -
FIGS. 3D , 3E, 3F and 3G are cross-sectional views taken with respect tolines 3D-3D, 3E-3E, 3F-3F and 3G-3G respectively shown inFIG. 3A . -
FIGS. 4A , 4B, 4C and 4D are respectively front elevation, side elevation, oblique top front, and oblique top rear views of one theFIG. 1 adjustable socket's jaws. -
FIGS. 5A , 5B and 5C are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener. -
FIGS. 6A , 6B and 6C are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket showing the jaws closed on a schematically shown fastener. -
FIGS. 7A , 7B, 7C and 7D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a fully open position. -
FIGS. 8A , 8B, 8C and 8D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a first partially closed position. -
FIGS. 9A , 9B, 9C and 9D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a second partially closed position. -
FIGS. 10A , 10B, 10C and 10D are respectively cross-sectional front elevation, oblique top, oblique bottom and partial bottom plan views of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket, showing the jaws in a fully closed position. -
FIGS. 11A , 11B and 11C are respectively oblique top exploded, oblique top and oblique bottom views showing coupling of theFIG. 1 adjustable socket to a ratchet type socket driving implement. -
FIGS. 12A and 12B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a first housing (also shown inFIGS. 3A-3G ); andFIGS. 12C and 12D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the first housing. -
FIGS. 13A and 13B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a second housing; andFIGS. 13C and 13D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the second housing. -
FIGS. 14A and 14B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a third housing; andFIGS. 14C and 14D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the third housing. -
FIGS. 15A and 15B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of a fourth housing; andFIGS. 15C and 15D are respectively oblique top rear and oblique top front views of a jaw configured for mating engagement with the fourth housing. -
FIGS. 16A-16B , 16C-16D and 16E-16F are respectively pairs of oblique top front and top plan views of an adjustable socket having a rapid jaw closure feature;FIGS. 16A-16B showing the jaws fully opened; -
FIGS. 16C-16D illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to rapidly close the jaws; andFIGS. 16E-16F illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws. -
FIGS. 17A and 17B are respectively front elevation and oblique top views of an adjustable socket having a scale to indicate the jaws' position as they are opened or closed. -
FIGS. 18A , 18B and 18C are respectively front elevation, cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 18B-18B shown inFIG. 18A ) and oblique top views of an adjustable socket having an alternative adjusting collar. -
FIGS. 19A , 19B and 19C are respectively front elevation, cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 19B-19B shown inFIG. 19A ) and oblique top views of a “deep” adjustable socket. -
FIGS. 20A and 20B are respectively front elevation and cross-sectional front elevation (taken with respect to line 20B-20B shown inFIG. 20A ) views of an adjustable socket having biasing members between diametrically opposed pairs of jaws;FIG. 20C is an oblique top view of the biasing members and four of the adjustable socket's six jaws;FIG. 20D is an oblique top view of the biasing members and the six jaws. -
FIGS. 21A , 21B, 21C and 21D are respectively oblique top front, side elevation, front elevation and exploded oblique top front views of a laminated jaw. -
FIG. 22 is an exploded oblique top front view of another alternative adjusting collar. -
FIGS. 23A , 23B and 23C are respectively bottom plan, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of a 4-jaw adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener. -
FIGS. 24A , 24B and 24C are respectively bottom plan, partial bottom plan and oblique bottom views of a 3-jaw adjustable socket showing the jaws fully opened, with arrows illustrating motion of the adjustable socket to tighten the jaws on a schematically shown fastener. - Throughout the following description specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding to persons skilled in the art. However, well known elements may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the disclosure. Accordingly, the description and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive, sense.
- FIGS. 1 and 2A-2D depict an
adjustable socket 10 having ahousing 12, an adjustingcollar 14, a plurality ofjaws 16, aretainer 18 and a plurality of biasing members (e.g. springs) 20. - Housing 12 (also shown separately in
FIGS. 3A-3C ) has a generally cylindrical shape (i.e. is circular in cross-section) and alongitudinal axis 22. A plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spacedapertures 24 are formed in and extend through the lower end ofhousing 12. A pair ofopposed tongues 26 protrude into the lower end of each one ofapertures 24. The upper end ofhousing 12 is externally threaded, as indicated at 28. Adrive aperture 30 is formed in the upper end ofhousing 12 to removably receive the drivingstub 29 of a standard socket driving implement such as ratchet typesocket driving wrench 31 as shown inFIGS. 11A-11C .Drive aperture 30 may alternatively removably receive a suitably sized and shaped driving stub mounted on a power-operated drill, power-operated screwdriver, manual screwdriver, etc. Instead of providingdrive aperture 30 inhousing 12 as aforesaid, one may fix a driving implement such as a handle directly to housing 12 (not shown). - Adjusting
collar 14 is circular in cross-section. The lower end of adjustingcollar 14 is internally circumferentially bevelled, as indicated at 32 (FIG. 1 ). A chamber 34 (best seen inFIG. 2B ) is formed within adjustingcollar 14, above bevelledlower end 32. The upper end of adjustingcollar 14 is internally threaded, as indicated at 36, for threadable coupling tohousing 12's threadedupper end 28 as explained below. - Each jaw 16 (a single jaw is shown separately in
FIGS. 4A-4D ) has a flatinward face 38, a flattop face 39, and a bevelled centraloutward face 40, it being understood that “inward” means facing towardaxis 22 and “outward” means facing away fromaxis 22 as shown inFIG. 1 . An outwardly protrudinglip 42 is formed at the upper end of eachjaw 16, above bevelledface 40. A pair ofopposed grooves 44 are formed in the lower end sides of eachjaw 16. Arecess 46 is formed in the upper end of theinward face 38 of eachjaw 16.Adjustable socket 10 may have three pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16 (i.e. a total of six jaws 16). -
Apertures 24,tongues 26,jaws 16 andgrooves 44 are sized and shaped for snug fitting of eachjaw 16 in a corresponding one ofapertures 24 and to permit eachjaw 16 to slidably and radially move through the corresponding one ofapertures 24, and to resist inward or outward tilting ofjaws 16 withinapertures 24 relative toaxis 22. - The displacement d1 (
FIG. 4A ) between each jaw'stop face 39 and the top of the jaw'sgrooves 44; the displacement d2 (FIG. 4A ) betweentop face 39 and the centre of the jaw'srecess 46; and the wall thickness ofhousing 12 at eachaperture 24; are selected in accordance with well known force balancing principles to avoid self-locking ofjaws 16 due to friction whenadjustable socket 10 is operated. During such operation (explained below in greater detail) the hexagonal head of fastener 47 (FIG. 1 ) is gripped betweenjaws 16, forcing the lower end of theinward face 38 of eachjaw 16 against a corresponding one of the outward faces of the hexagonal head offastener 47. Such forcing tends to tilt the top of eachjaw 16 inwardly and tilt the bottom of eachjaw 16 outwardly. Each jaw'stop face 39 is braced against the top 25 of a corresponding one ofhousing 12'sapertures 24 to resist such tilting, and each jaw's bevelled centraloutward face 40 is braced against adjustingcollar 14'slower end 32 to resist radial outward movement of the jaw during rotation offastener 47. - Retainer 18 (
FIG. 1 ) has an uppercircular flange portion 48.Stud 50 protrudes downwardly from the centre offlange 48. A plurality of equally circumferentially spacedrecesses 52 are formed instud 50. -
Adjustable socket 10 is assembled by press-fittingretainer 18 through the lower end ofhousing 12 untilflange 48 contacts inward surface 54 ofhousing 12 as seen inFIG. 2B . Eachjaw 16 is then slidably mounted in a corresponding one ofapertures 24, with the jaw'sinward face 38 towardaxis 22. Eachspring 20 is then compressed and fitted between arecess 46 in one ofjaws 16 and acorresponding recess 52 instud 50. A ring clamp (not shown) or the like is used to temporarily compressjaws 16 radially inwardly throughapertures 24, towardaxis 22. Adjustingcollar 14's internally threaded upper end is then threadably coupled tohousing 12's threadedupper end 28 and rotated untillips 42 ofjaws 16 are within adjustingcollar 14'schamber 34. The ring clamp is then removed, allowingsprings 20 to biasjaws 16 radially outwardly away fromaxis 22 until the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40contact adjusting collar 14's bevelledlower end 32. - In operation, as shown in
FIGS. 5A-5C and 6A-6C, rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 in afirst direction 53moves adjusting collar 14 downwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12. This forces adjustingcollar 14's bevelledlower end 32 downwardly against the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40, overcoming the biasing force ofsprings 20 and forcingjaws 16 radially inwardly as indicated byarrows 55. The jaws' inward faces 38 are thus forced against the hexagonal head of fastener 47 (e.g. a bolt or a nut) located betweeninward faces 38, as shown inFIGS. 6A-6C . - Rotation of adjusting
collar 14 aroundhousing 12 in a second direction opposite tofirst direction 53moves adjusting collar 14 upwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12. This allows springs 20 to movejaws 16 radially outwardly toward adjustingcollar 14's bevelled lower end 32 (i.e. in directions opposite to those indicated by arrows 55), thereby openingjaws 16 to releasefastener 47. -
FIGS. 7A- 7D show jaws 16 in a fully open position in which the diameter of a notional circle C1 (FIG. 7D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is maximized. As best seen inFIG. 7A , the outwardly protrudinglips 42 ofjaws 16 are prevented from moving further downwardly bychamber 34's lowercircumferential rim 56, thus retainingjaws 16 withinadjustable socket 10. -
FIGS. 8A-8D showadjustable socket 10 after rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 to movejaws 16 into a first partially closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C2 (FIG. 8D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is reduced relative to the diameter of notional circle C1. -
FIGS. 9A-9D showadjustable socket 10 after further rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 to movejaws 16 into a second partially closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C3 (FIG. 9D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is further reduced relative to the diameter of notional circle C2. -
FIGS. 10A- 10D show jaws 16 after further rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 to movejaws 16 into a fully closed position in which the diameter of a notional circle C4 (FIG. 10D ) tangential to the jaws' inward faces 38 is minimized. -
FIGS. 8A-8D and 9A-9D show just two of many possible partially closed positions. Rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 facilitates selectable positioning ofjaws 16 within a continuously adjustable range of partially closed positions between the fully open position shown inFIGS. 7A-7D and the fully closed position shown inFIGS. 10A-10D . - Comparison of
FIGS. 7A-7D , 8A-8D, 9A-9D and 10A-10D reveals that the outwardmost portions ofjaws 16 remain withinadjustable socket 10's widest external circumference throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions of jaws 16 (i.e. the outwardmost portions ofjaws 16 do not extend radially outwardly beyond the external circumference of adjustingcollar 14's lower end portion 64).Adjustable socket 10 thus retains the same compact shape whetherjaws 16 are fully open, fully closed, or in any intermediate position therebetween. - The
inward face 38 of each one of the sixjaws 16 makes force transfer contact with a corresponding one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head offastener 47. Such force transfer contact is maintained throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions ofjaws 16. Rotational driving forces are accordingly equally distributed and applied to each one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head offastener 47 throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions ofjaws 16. - The flat
inward face 38 of eachjaw 16 remains parallel to a corresponding one of the six flat outward faces of the hexagonal head offastener 47 throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions ofjaws 16. Accordingly, theinward face 38 of eachjaw 16 makes flat surface force transfer contact with a corresponding one of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head offastener 47. Flat surface force transfer contact is maintained throughout the continuously adjustable range of positions ofjaws 16. -
FIGS. 12A-12D , 13A-13D, 14A-14D and 15A-15D illustrate different possible configurations ofhousing 12 andjaws 16, withFIGS. 12A-12D showing the previously described configurations ofhousing 12 andjaws 16 for purposes of comparison. -
FIGS. 13A-13B depict analternative housing 12A. Elements which are common tohousing 12 andalternative housing 12A bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative housing 12A have reference numerals with the suffix “A” inFIGS. 13A-13B . Specifically, a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spacedapertures 24A are formed in and extend through the lower end ofalternative housing 12A. A pair ofopposed grooves 26A are formed in the lower end of each one ofapertures 24A. -
FIGS. 13C-13D depict analternative jaw 16A. Elements which are common tojaw 16 andalternative jaw 16A bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative jaw 16A have reference numerals with the suffix “A” inFIGS. 13C-13D . Specifically, a pair ofopposed tongues 44A protrude from the lower end sides of eachjaw 16A.Apertures 24A,tongues 44A,jaws 16A andgrooves 26A are sized and shaped to permit eachjaw 16A to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one ofapertures 24A, and to resist inward or outward tilting ofjaws 16A withinapertures 24A relative toaxis 22. -
FIGS. 14A-14B depict anotheralternative housing 12B. Elements which are common tohousing 12 andalternative housing 12B bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative housing 12B have reference numerals with the suffix “B” inFIGS. 14A-14B . Specifically, a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spacedapertures 24B are formed in and extend through the lower end ofalternative housing 12B. A pair ofopposed tongues 26B protrude into the lower end of each one ofapertures 24B. Eachtongue 26B has a semi-cylindrical or other rounded shape. -
FIGS. 14C-14D depict analternative jaw 16B. Elements which are common tojaw 16 andalternative jaw 16B bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative jaw 16B have reference numerals with the suffix “B” inFIGS. 14C-14D . Specifically, a pair ofopposed grooves 44B are formed in the lower end sides of eachjaw 16B. Each one ofgrooves 44B has a semi-cylindrical or other rounded shape matching that oftongues 26B.Apertures 24B,tongues 26B,jaws 16B andgrooves 44B are sized and shaped to permit eachjaw 16B to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one ofapertures 24B, and to resist inward or outward tilting ofjaws 16B withinapertures 24B relative toaxis 22. - It is not essential to provide an opposed pair of tongues or grooves in each of
apertures jaws apertures jaws jaws apertures -
FIGS. 15A-15B depict anotheralternative housing 12C. Elements which are common tohousing 12 andalternative housing 12C bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative housing 12C have reference numerals with the suffix “C” inFIGS. 15A-15B . Specifically, a plurality of (e.g. six) equally circumferentially spacedapertures 24C are formed in the lower end ofalternative housing 12C. Unlikeapertures 24 ofhousing 12,apertures 24C ofhousing 12C do not extend through the lower end ofalternative housing 12C (i.e. apertures 24C are closed on all sides whereasapertures 24 are open-bottomed). Tongues, grooves, etc. are not provided inapertures 24C, each of which may be rectangular in shape. -
FIGS. 15C-15D depict analternative jaw 16C. Elements which are common tojaw 16 andalternative jaw 16C bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative jaw 16C have reference numerals with the suffix “C” inFIGS. 15C-15D . Specifically, thesides 45C of eachjaw 16C are smooth-tongues, grooves, etc. are not provided injaws 16C. Eachjaw 16C has a rectangular cross-sectional shape matching that ofapertures 24C.Apertures 24C andjaws 16C are sized and shaped to permit eachjaw 16C to slidably and radially move through a corresponding one ofapertures 24C, and to resist inward or outward tilting ofjaws 16C withinapertures 24C relative toaxis 22. - Other aperture and jaw shapes, sizes and configurations capable of permitting each jaw to slidably and radially move through a corresponding housing aperture, and to resist inward or outward tilting of the jaws within the aperture relative to
axis 22, will occur to persons skilled in the art. -
FIGS. 16A-16F depict an alternativeadjustable socket 10D having a rapid jaw closure feature. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and alternativeadjustable socket 10D bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10D have reference numerals with the suffix “D”.Housing 12D is similar tohousing 12, except thatexternal threads 28D onhousing 12D are interrupted by circumferentially spaced,non-threaded regions 70D. Adjustingcollar 14D is similar to adjustingcollar 14, except thatinternal threads 36D on adjustingcollar 14D are interrupted by circumferentially spaced,non-threaded regions 72D. Externally threadedregions 28D have the same circumferential extent asnon-threaded regions 72D, and internally threadedregions 36D have the same circumferential extent as andnon-threaded regions 70D. This facilitates alignment of externally threadedregions 28D withnon-threaded regions 72D as shown inFIGS. 16A-16D . When externally threadedregions 28D are aligned withnon-threaded regions 72D, internally threadedregions 36D are aligned withnon-threaded regions 70D, and vice versa. Such alignment allows adjustingcollar 14D to be displaced rapidly downwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12D as indicated byarrow 74 inFIG. 16C , without rotation of either adjustingcollar 14D orhousing 12D, since externally threadedregions 28D do not engage internally threadedregions 36D. Such rapid downward movement rapidly closesjaws 16. Oncejaws 16 have been rapidly closed to a desired extent, adjustingcollar 14D is rotated aroundhousing 12D as indicated byarrow 76 inFIGS. 16E-16F . Such rotation threadably engages externally threadedregions 28D with internally threadedregions 36D, allowing incremental tightening ofjaws 16 to a desired extent. The aforementioned alignment also allows adjustingcollar 14D to be displaced rapidly upwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12D (i.e. in the direction opposite to that indicated by arrow 74) to rapidlyopen jaws 16. -
FIGS. 17A-17B depict an alternativeadjustable socket 10E. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and alternativeadjustable socket 10E bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10E have reference numerals with the suffix “E”.Housing 12E is similar tohousing 12, except thatexternal threads 28E onhousing 12E are interrupted bynon-threaded region 70E which bears ascale 78 calibrated to indicate the position ofjaws 16 as the jaws are opened or closed. The jaws' position is indicated by the point at which adjustingcollar 14'supper rim 80 intersectsscale 78. Suitable calibration markings (not shown) can be provided onscale 78, each marking corresponding to one of a plurality of notional circles tangential to the inward faces 38 ofjaws 16 asjaws 16 are opened and closed as aforesaid. -
FIGS. 18A-18C depict an alternativeadjustable socket 10F. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and alternativeadjustable socket 10F bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10F have reference numerals with the suffix “F”. Alternativeadjustable socket 10F'sadjusting collar 14F has an external cylindrical shape, whereasadjustable socket 10'sadjusting collar 14 has a central frusto-conical portion 60 between a reduced-diameter cylindricalupper end portion 62 and an enlarged-diameter cylindrical lower end portion 64 (FIGS. 2A-2C ). Internally,chamber 34F within alternativeadjustable socket 10F'sadjusting collar 14F has a cylindrical shape, whereaschamber 34 withinadjustable socket 10'sadjusting collar 14 has a frusto-conical portion 66 above a lowercylindrical portion 68.Chamber 34F has a flat lowercircumferential rim 56F. These differences give adjustable socket 10 a sleek, compact appearance in comparison to alternativeadjustable socket 10F, but they may also complicate and increase the time and cost required to manufactureadjustable socket 10 in comparison to the time and cost required to manufacture alternativeadjustable socket 10F. -
FIGS. 19A-19C depict an alternative “deep”adjustable socket 10G. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and alternativeadjustable socket 10G bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10G have reference numerals with the suffix “G”. Alternativeadjustable socket 10G'shousing 12G is similar tohousing 12, except thathousing 12G is extended below the lower end of adjustingcollar 14, in the direction oflongitudinal axis 22. Housing 12G's circumferentially spacedapertures 24G are also extended to accommodate similarly extendedjaws 16G. Such extension facilitates insertion ofjaws 12G into recesses to grip fasteners which cannot be reached byadjustable socket 10. -
FIGS. 20A-20B depict an alternativeadjustable socket 10H. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and alternativeadjustable socket 10H bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10H have reference numerals with the suffix “H”. Instead of having aretainer 18 as described above in relation toadjustable socket 10, alternativeadjustable socket 10H has a biasing member (e.g. spring) 20H between each diametrically opposed pair of jaws. Ifadjustable socket 10H has three pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16H1, 16H2 and 16H3 (i.e. a total of six jaws, as shown) then threesprings 20H are provided. Jaw pair 16H1 is provided with recesses 46H1 which are closer to the jaws'top surfaces 39 than recesses 46H2 provided in jaw pair 16H2. Jaw pair 16H3 is provided with recesses 46H3 which are farther from the jaws'top surfaces 39 than recesses 46H2 provided in jaw pair 16H2. As best seen inFIGS. 20C-20D , such spaced-apart provision of paired recesses 46H1, 46H2 and 46H3 allows afirst spring 20H to be fitted between paired recesses 46H1 of opposed jaws 16H1, asecond spring 20H to be fitted between paired recesses 46H2 of opposed jaws 16H2, and athird spring 20H to be fitted between paired recesses 46H3 of opposed jaws 16H3.Springs 20H bias jaws 16H1, 16H2, 16H3 radially outwardly away fromaxis 22 until the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40contact adjusting collar 14's bevelledlower end 32. -
FIGS. 21A-21D depict an alternative “laminated”jaw 16I. Elements which are common tojaw 16 andlaminated jaw 16I bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further.Laminated jaw 16I incorporates acentral layer 82, two opposed upper side layers 84 and two opposed lower side layers 86.Layers FIG. 21D by aligning rivet-receivingapertures 88, then fastening rivets 90 through the aligned apertures. -
FIG. 22 depicts analternative adjusting collar 14J. Elements which are common to adjustingcollar 14 andalternative adjusting collar 14J bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique toalternative adjusting collar 14J have reference numerals with the suffix “J”. Adjustingcollar 14J is formed in two parts, namelymain part 92 andring 94.Ring 94 may be formed of plastic or similar material. Theouter surface 96 ofring 94 may be knurled (as shown) for improved gripping of adjustingcollar 14J. Additionally or alternatively, a trademark, trade name, or other indicia may be etched, engraved, or otherwise applied to or formed uponouter surface 96.Ring 94 may have a ribbedinner surface 98 sized and shaped for interlocking engagement with a corresponding ribbedouter surface 100 formed onmain part 92.Ring 94 is pressfitted overmain part 92 to interlockably engageribbed surfaces ring 94 relative tomain part 92. -
FIGS. 23A-23C depict an alternative, 4-jawadjustable socket 10K. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and 4-jawadjustable socket 10K bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10K have reference numerals with the suffix “K”.Housing 12K is similar tohousing 12, except that four (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced jaw-receivingapertures 24K are formed in and extend through the lower end ofhousing 12K.Retainer 18K is similar toretainer 18, except that four (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced recesses are formed inretainer 18K's downwardly protruding stud.Adjustable socket 10K has two pairs of diametrically opposed jaws 16 (i.e. a total of four jaws 16). In operation, as shown inFIG. 23C , rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12K infirst direction 53moves adjusting collar 14 downwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12K. This forces adjustingcollar 14's bevelledlower end 32 downwardly against the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40, overcoming the biasing force ofsprings 20 thus forcingjaws 16 radially inwardly as indicated byarrows 55. The jaws' inward faces 38 are thus forced against the square head offastener 47K (e.g. a bolt or a nut) located between inward faces 38. -
FIGS. 24A-24C depict an alternative, 3-jawadjustable socket 10L. Elements which are common toadjustable socket 10 and 3-jawadjustable socket 10L bear the same reference numerals in the drawings and need not be described further. Elements which are unique to alternativeadjustable socket 10L have reference numerals with the suffix “L”.Housing 12L is similar tohousing 12, except that three (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced jaw-receivingapertures 24L are formed in and extend through the lower end ofhousing 12L.Retainer 18L is similar toretainer 18, except that three (instead of six) equally circumferentially spaced recesses are formed inretainer 18L's downwardly protruding stud.Adjustable socket 10L has threejaws 16. In operation, as shown inFIG. 24C , rotation of adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12L infirst direction 53moves adjusting collar 14 downwardly and coaxially alonghousing 12L. This forces adjustingcollar 14's bevelledlower end 32 downwardly against the jaws' bevelled outward faces 40, overcoming the biasing force ofsprings 20 thus forcingjaws 16 radially inwardly as indicated byarrows 55. The jaws' inward faces 38 are thus forced against three equally circumferentially spaced ones of the six outward faces of the hexagonal head of fastener 47 (e.g. a bolt or a nut) located between inward faces 38. - While a number of exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain modifications, permutations, additions and sub-combinations thereof. For example,
external threads 28 onhousing 12, andinternal threads 36 of adjustingcollar 14, may be double-start threads or other types of multiple-start threads to facilitate rapid opening and closing ofjaws 16. As another example, a driving implement (not shown) may be removably drivingly coupled to adjustingcollar 14 and operated to rotatably drive adjustingcollar 14 aroundhousing 12 in order to adjustablyposition jaws 16. It is therefore intended that the following appended claims and claims hereafter introduced are interpreted to include all such modifications, permutations, additions and sub-combinations as are within their true spirit and scope.
Claims (25)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/112,321 US7707916B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Adjustable socket |
AU2009242906A AU2009242906A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
CN200980126142XA CN102076464A (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
CA2759119A CA2759119A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
PCT/CA2009/000544 WO2009132426A1 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
JP2011506538A JP2011518678A (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
EP09737568A EP2288474A4 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-29 | Adjustable socket |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/112,321 US7707916B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Adjustable socket |
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US20090272237A1 true US20090272237A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
US7707916B2 US7707916B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
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US12/112,321 Expired - Fee Related US7707916B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Adjustable socket |
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US (1) | US7707916B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2288474A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2011518678A (en) |
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AU (1) | AU2009242906A1 (en) |
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WO2020130707A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | 주식회사 로펜 | Variable box spanner capable of fastening and dissembling bolts of various sizes by using movable bolt head protrusion latch and adjustment screw |
EP3523093A4 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2020-08-05 | Lundin-Flodin Innovation AB | Method and tool for bolt joints |
US20210069873A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-11 | Ryan Robert Wach | Adjustable fastener engaging tool |
CN112692769A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Adjustable ratchet wrench special-shaped combination tool |
AU2017227704B2 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2022-12-22 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Packaging and devices to access screw-top containers in automated systems |
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FR2883209B1 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2007-05-11 | Amyot Sa Sa Ets | TOOL HOLDER CHUCK FOR THE EQUIPMENT OF A ROTATING MACHINE |
DE102007012859B4 (en) * | 2007-03-17 | 2009-01-02 | Josef Albrecht Bohrfutterfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Flushable food |
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CN105459003A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2016-04-06 | 四川大学 | Variable-position chuck sleeve |
AU2017227704B2 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2022-12-22 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Packaging and devices to access screw-top containers in automated systems |
US11607204B2 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2023-03-21 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Packaging and devices to access screw-top containers in automated systems |
EP3523093A4 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2020-08-05 | Lundin-Flodin Innovation AB | Method and tool for bolt joints |
CN107971958A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-01 | 巢湖市新泉鞋帽服饰有限公司 | A kind of industrial sewing machine Multifunctional disassembling tool |
WO2020130707A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | 주식회사 로펜 | Variable box spanner capable of fastening and dissembling bolts of various sizes by using movable bolt head protrusion latch and adjustment screw |
US20210069873A1 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-11 | Ryan Robert Wach | Adjustable fastener engaging tool |
CN112692769A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Adjustable ratchet wrench special-shaped combination tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2009132426A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
AU2009242906A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
EP2288474A4 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
US7707916B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
CA2759119A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
CN102076464A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
JP2011518678A (en) | 2011-06-30 |
EP2288474A1 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
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