US20090250225A1 - Control of downhole devices in a wellbore - Google Patents
Control of downhole devices in a wellbore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090250225A1 US20090250225A1 US12/061,205 US6120508A US2009250225A1 US 20090250225 A1 US20090250225 A1 US 20090250225A1 US 6120508 A US6120508 A US 6120508A US 2009250225 A1 US2009250225 A1 US 2009250225A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- downhole tool
- task
- processing unit
- communication system
- broadband communication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
Definitions
- the invention disclosed herein relates to controlling apparatus disposed in a borehole and, in particular, to initiating performance of a task downhole.
- a drill string generally includes drill pipe and a bottom hole assembly. Sensors, electromechanical devices, or electrohydraulic devices may also be deployed along the drill string.
- the bottom hole assembly and distributed devices can be used for drilling, sampling, and logging for example.
- the drill string assembly may include a device that performs a task on command.
- the task may include opening a flow diverter.
- Many of these tasks are typically initiated by mechanical actuation.
- mechanical actuation presents some disadvantages.
- the disadvantages include reliability and a time delay between deciding to perform the actuation and the actuation of the device.
- the time delay may also include a delay in obtaining information upon which to base the decision.
- An example of a time delay problem can occur while drilling. During drilling operations, fluid may suddenly enter the borehole. It is important to quickly control the well to prevent a blowout. However, to provide the proper compensating measures, the operator needs certain information such as whether the fluid is oil or gas. The amount of time delay can mean the difference between a blowout and a controlled well.
- the techniques also provide information quickly to an operator with which to base a decision in a timely manner.
- a system for performing a task in a borehole including: a downhole tool disposed in the borehole, the downhole tool configured to perform the task; a processing unit for initiating a command signal; and a broadband communication system coupled to the downhole tool and to the processing unit, the broadband communication system configured to transmit the command signal to the downhole tool to perform the task.
- Also disclosed is one example of a method for performing a task in a borehole the method including: placing a downhole tool for performing the task in the borehole; initiating a command signal with a processing unit; and transmitting the command signal using a broadband communication system to the downhole tool to perform the task.
- an apparatus for controlling a task in a borehole having: a downhole tool configured for disposition into the borehole, the downhole tool also configured for performing the task; a sensor in operable communication with an aspect of the task; a controller in operable communication with the downhole tool and the sensor, the controller configured to receive a measurement from the sensor and to provide closed-loop control of the downhole tool for controlling the task; and a broadband communication system for coupling the sensor and the controller and for coupling the controller and the downhole tool.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a drill string with a downhole tool disposed in a borehole penetrating the earth;
- FIG. 2 illustrates aspects of a closed-loop control system used for controlling the downhole tool
- FIG. 3 presents one example of a method for performing a task in the borehole.
- the techniques make use of a broadband communication system to transmit a command to the device.
- the broadband communication system can also be used to receive communications from the device, and to obtain data such as from sensors and apparatus downhole.
- a decision that uses the data or communications as input can be made by an operator and/or by a processing unit. In some embodiments, decisions are made automatically.
- the operator can use the processing unit to input the command.
- the processing unit will quickly send a command signal to the device upon input of the command. Upon receipt of the command signal, the device will perform the task.
- the term “drill string” relates to at least one of drill pipe and a bottom hole assembly.
- the drill string includes a combination of the drill pipe and the bottom hole assembly.
- the drill string assembly can also include sensing or acting devices distributed along the drill pipe.
- the bottom hole assembly may be a drill bit, sampling apparatus, logging apparatus, or other apparatus for performing other functions downhole.
- the bottom hole assembly can be a drill collar containing measurement while drilling (MWD) apparatus.
- MWD measurement while drilling
- actuation relates to causing a mechanical action or motion.
- activation relates to making something active such as causing a sensor to perform a measurement.
- energization relates providing power to something.
- de-energization relates to removing power from something.
- performing a task relates to using a device that requires at least one of actuation, activation, energization, and de-energization for performing the task.
- command signal relates to a signal that causes a downhole device to perform a task.
- the term “real time” relates to a time period for communication between a downhole apparatus and a processing unit generally disposed remote from the downhole apparatus.
- the time period is short enough for the downhole apparatus to perform a task within an operational deadline consistent with a process proceeding at a prescribed rate.
- the downhole apparatus can include sensors and other devices used to perform the task downhole such as diverting a flow of mud in the drill string.
- the time period for real time communication is generally shorter than other time periods related to the task. For example, if a task requires several steps, then with real time communication, signals will be received and/or transmitted in a time period shorter than at least the time period of one step of the task and, preferably in a time period shorter than each of the steps of the task.
- real-time communication is fast enough to prevent the closed-loop from being unstable.
- transmission of signals in “real-time” is taken to mean transmission of the signals at a speed that is useful or adequate for performing a task downhole. Accordingly, it should be recognized that “real-time” is to be taken in context, and does not necessarily indicate the instantaneous determination of measurements or instantaneous initiation of performing a task.
- the term “broadband communication system” relates to a communication system that is used to communicate signals at least one of from downhole to the surface and from the surface to downhole in real time.
- the signals can include a command, a control signal or data.
- the broadband communication system can transmit and receive signals that are digitally encoded.
- portions of the digitally encoded signal may be sent in pieces or packets to improve reliability and/or the data transfer rate.
- the broadband communication system does not include mud-pulse telemetry or other telemetry systems with similar speed.
- stable control relates to preventing undamped oscillations or an unwanted result of a function, task, or parameter being controlled by a closed-loop control system.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a drill string 10 disposed in a borehole 2 penetrating the earth 9 .
- the drill string 10 includes drill pipes 3 and a bottom hole assembly 4 .
- the bottom hole assembly 4 includes a downhole tool 5 , which performs a task 16 .
- a broadband communication system 6 transmits a command signal 7 from the processing unit 8 to the downhole tool 5 .
- the downhole tool 5 Upon receiving the command signal 7 , the downhole tool 5 performs the task 16 . It is recognized that some tasks 16 may require a time delay and that receipt of the command signal 7 provides for initiation of the time delay. Any required time delays are considered within the scope of the task.
- the command signal 7 can also represent data being transmitted to apparatus downhole.
- a sensor 19 is shown disposed on the drill string 10 downhole.
- the sensor 19 can provide a measurement of a property or parameter and transmit the measurement uphole as data 11 to the processing unit 8 .
- the sensor 19 can also represent any device that sends information via the data 11 from downhole to the processing unit 8 .
- the sensor 19 can represent a local processor that performs a diagnostic check of the downhole tool 5 .
- the sensor 19 transmits the data 11 using the broadband communication system 6 .
- the broadband communication system 6 can provide two-way communications (both uplink to the surface of the earth 9 and downlink to the downhole tool 5 ).
- the broadband communication system 6 provides for transmission of the command signal 7 and the data 11 in real time.
- the broadband communication system 6 can be implemented using any communication method that can provide real time communication. Examples of the method include acoustic transmission through the drill string 10 , low frequency radio waves traveling through the borehole 2 or the earth 9 , light waves transmitted in an optical fiber, and, preferably, “wired pipe.”
- the drill pipe 3 is modified to include a broadband cable protected by a reinforced steel casing. At the end of each drill pipe 3 , there is an inductive coil, which contributes to communication between two drill pipes 3 .
- the broadband cable is used to transmit the command signal 7 and the data 11 .
- a signal amplifier is disposed in operable communication with the broadband cable to amplify the communication signal to account for signal loss.
- wired pipe is INTELLIPIPE® commercially available from Intellipipe of Provo, Utah, a division of Grant Prideco.
- One example of the broadband communication system 6 using wired pipe is the INTELLISERV® NETWORK also available from Grant Prideco.
- the Intelliserv Network has data transfer rates from fifty-seven thousand bits per second to one million bits per second or more.
- the broadband communication system 6 enables sampling rates of the sensor 19 at up to 200 Hz or higher with each sample being transmitted to the processing unit 8 at a location remote from the sensor 19 .
- the drill pipe 3 and the downhole tool 5 include electrical transmission conductors 14 for transmitting the command signal 7 and the data 11 .
- the processing unit 8 may include a computer processing system.
- Exemplary components of the computer processing system include, without limitation, at least one processor, storage, memory, input devices (such as a keyboard and mouse), output devices (such as a display and a recording device) and the like. As these components are known to those skilled in the art, these are not depicted in any detail herein.
- FIG. 1 Generally, some of the teachings herein are reduced to an algorithm 12 , shown in FIG. 1 that is stored on machine-readable media.
- the algorithm 12 is implemented by the processing unit 8 and provides operators with desired output.
- examples of the downhole tool 5 include a flow diverter, an underreamer, a whip stock, a disconnect, a perforating device, and a casing placement and expansion device.
- the flow diverter is a device, included in the drill string 10 , that comprises a flow path that can be opened or closed upon receipt of the command signal 7 .
- An opened flow path diverts a flow of mud from the interior of the drill pipe 3 to the annulus surrounding the drill string 10 .
- the underreamer is a device for increasing the diameter of the borehole 2 after the borehole 2 was drilled using a drill bit.
- the underreamer includes a cutter that can be extended from the drill string 10 upon receipt of the command signal 7 .
- the whipstock is a device for diverting a drilling path of a drill bit in the borehole 2 .
- an angle of the drill path can be set remotely.
- the whip stock upon receipt of the command signal 7 will set an angle in accordance with the angle information contained in the command signal 7 .
- the disconnect is a device that is used to attach an item to the drill string 10 .
- the disconnect Upon receipt of the command signal 7 , the disconnect will release the item from the drill string 10 .
- the disconnect may be used to attach the bottom hole assembly 4 to the drill pipe 3 . If the bottom hole assembly 4 becomes irretrievably restrained in the borehole 2 , then the disconnect can be used to disconnect the bottom hole assembly 4 and, therefore, allow the drill pipe 3 to be removed from the borehole 2 .
- the perforating device is an apparatus used for creating a hole in a casing or liner of the borehole 2 .
- the perforating device generally uses a shaped explosive charge to create the hole.
- the perforating device Upon receipt of the command signal 7 , the perforating device will trigger an explosion of the charge to create the hole.
- FIG. 2 illustrates aspects of a closed-loop control system 20 used for controlling the task 16 downhole.
- the closed-loop control system 20 includes the processing unit 8 for use as a controller (controller 8 ), the sensor 19 for measuring some aspect related to the task 16 , the downhole tool 5 for performing the task 16 , and the broadband communication system 6 for transmitting the data 11 from the sensor 19 to the controller 8 and for transmitting the command signal 7 from the controller 8 to the bottom hole assembly 4 .
- the command signal 7 can be a control signal for providing closed-loop control of the task 16 .
- At least one of the data 11 and the command signal 7 may be a continuous signal.
- at least one of the data 11 and the command signal 7 may include discrete digital signals.
- the discrete digital signals are derived using a sampling rate high enough to provide stable control of the task 16 .
- the high data transfer rate of the broadband communication system 6 also provides stable control of the task 16 .
- the controller 8 is configured to receive manual input from an operator.
- the manual input may allow the operator to intervene in controlling the task 16 .
- FIG. 3 presents one example of a method 30 for performing the task 16 in the borehole 2 .
- the method 30 calls for (step 31 ) placing the downhole tool 5 in the borehole 2 . Further, the method 30 calls for (step 32 ) initiating the command signal 7 using the processing unit 8 . Further, the method 30 calls for (step 33 ) transmitting the command signal 7 using the broadband communication system 6 to the downhole tool 5 to perform the task 16 .
- various analysis components may be used, including digital and/or an analog systems.
- the processing unit 8 and the downhole tool 5 may include the digital and/or analog systems for example.
- the system may have components such as a processor, storage media, memory, input, output, communication link (wired, wireless, optical or other), user interfaces, software programs, signal processors (digital or analog) and other such components (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors and others) to provide for operation and analyses of the apparatus and methods disclosed herein in any of several manners well-appreciated in the art.
- teachings may be, but need not be, implemented in conjunction with a set of computer executable instructions stored on a computer readable medium, including memory (ROMs, RAMs), optical (CD-ROMs), or magnetic (disks, hard drives), or any other type that when executed causes a computer to implement the method of the present invention.
- ROMs, RAMs random access memory
- CD-ROMs compact disc-read only memory
- magnetic (disks, hard drives) any other type that when executed causes a computer to implement the method of the present invention.
- These instructions may provide for equipment operation, control, data collection and analysis and other functions deemed relevant by a system designer, owner, user or other such personnel, in addition to the functions described in this disclosure.
- a sample line, sample storage, sample chamber, sample exhaust, pump, piston, power supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- vacuum supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- pressure supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- vacuum supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- vacuum supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- vacuum supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- pressure supply e.g., at least one of a generator, a remote supply and a battery
- cooling component e.g., a cooling component
- heating component e.g., heating component
- motive force such as a translational force, propulsional force or a rotational force
- magnet electromagnet
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/061,205 US20090250225A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Control of downhole devices in a wellbore |
GB1017079.3A GB2472708B (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-04-02 | Control of downhole devices in a wellbore |
PCT/US2009/039301 WO2009146103A2 (fr) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-04-02 | Commande de dispositif en bas de trou dans un sondage |
NO20101462A NO20101462L (no) | 2008-04-02 | 2010-10-18 | Styring av nedihullsanordninger i bronnboring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/061,205 US20090250225A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Control of downhole devices in a wellbore |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20090250225A1 true US20090250225A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
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ID=41132198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/061,205 Abandoned US20090250225A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Control of downhole devices in a wellbore |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090250225A1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2472708B (fr) |
NO (1) | NO20101462L (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009146103A2 (fr) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110031015A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Geoff Downton | System and method for managing and/or using data for tools in a wellbore |
US9074467B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2015-07-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods for evaluating rock properties while drilling using drilling rig-mounted acoustic sensors |
US9103180B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2015-08-11 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling apparatus including a fluid bypass device and methods of using same |
WO2015137931A1 (fr) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Commande d'un ensemble fond de puits dans un puits de forage |
US9207055B2 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2015-12-08 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Systems for delivering explosives and methods related thereto |
US9234974B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-01-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus for evaluating rock properties while drilling using drilling rig-mounted acoustic sensors |
WO2015174969A3 (fr) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-03-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Commande d'un outil de fond de trou sur un câble de fond de trou |
US9447681B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-09-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus, program product, and methods of evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and a downhole broadband transmitting system |
US9598920B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2017-03-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling apparatus including a fluid bypass device and methods of using same |
US9624768B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2017-04-18 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods of evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and telemetry system |
US9903974B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2018-02-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus, computer readable medium, and program code for evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and telemetry system |
US10180061B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methods of evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and a downhole broadband transmitting system |
US10551516B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2020-02-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus and methods of evaluating rock properties while drilling using acoustic sensors installed in the drilling fluid circulation system of a drilling rig |
US10837750B2 (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2020-11-17 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Systems for automated loading of blastholes and methods related thereto |
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- 2009-04-02 GB GB1017079.3A patent/GB2472708B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2010-10-18 NO NO20101462A patent/NO20101462L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8645571B2 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2014-02-04 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for managing and/or using data for tools in a wellbore |
US20110031015A1 (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Geoff Downton | System and method for managing and/or using data for tools in a wellbore |
US9598920B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2017-03-21 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling apparatus including a fluid bypass device and methods of using same |
US9103180B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2015-08-11 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling apparatus including a fluid bypass device and methods of using same |
US9234974B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-01-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus for evaluating rock properties while drilling using drilling rig-mounted acoustic sensors |
US10669846B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2020-06-02 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus, computer readable medium, and program code for evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and a downhole broadband transmitting system |
US9903974B2 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2018-02-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Apparatus, computer readable medium, and program code for evaluating rock properties while drilling using downhole acoustic sensors and telemetry system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB2472708B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
GB2472708A (en) | 2011-02-16 |
WO2009146103A2 (fr) | 2009-12-03 |
NO20101462L (no) | 2010-10-18 |
GB201017079D0 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
WO2009146103A3 (fr) | 2010-01-14 |
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