US20090235784A1 - Pre-treatment of feed to non-stirred surface bioreactor - Google Patents

Pre-treatment of feed to non-stirred surface bioreactor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20090235784A1
US20090235784A1 US12/441,479 US44147907A US2009235784A1 US 20090235784 A1 US20090235784 A1 US 20090235784A1 US 44147907 A US44147907 A US 44147907A US 2009235784 A1 US2009235784 A1 US 2009235784A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
solution
bioreactor
microbes
concentrate
microbial population
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/441,479
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alan Eric Norton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geobiotics Inc
Original Assignee
Geobiotics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geobiotics Inc filed Critical Geobiotics Inc
Assigned to GEOBIOTICS LLC reassignment GEOBIOTICS LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NORTON, ALAN ERIC
Publication of US20090235784A1 publication Critical patent/US20090235784A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/36—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors
    • C12M1/38—Temperature-responsive control
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/08—Obtaining noble metals by cyaniding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process of pre-treatment of feeds to non-stirred surface bioreactors and a method of adapting a microbial population for use in a non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor.
  • Some metal bearing solids usually flotation concentrates, do not respond favourably or quickly enough to bio-processing and poor bacterial activity, evidenced by low redox potential of the liquid phase, is normally a symptom of such problems.
  • micro-organisms During the adaptation of micro-organisms to specific concentrates, it has been observed that in some instances the micro-organisms either adapt very slowly, and in rare cases not at all, to the specific concentrate. This indicates that the leaching microbes are being subject to some toxic effect from compounds arising from the concentrate. This results in an extremely long lag phase before the microbe population can increase in number to high enough levels to oxidize the sulphides. This extends the leaching time of the process which reduces the economic benefits of the process.
  • the operation of a surface bioreactor typically includes the coating of a flotation concentrate onto a substrate (typically crushed and sized rock), stacking the coated rock into a heap and inoculating the heap with an inoculum, typically via the irrigation of recycled heap effluent. Inoculation by this method is inefficient due to the natural stickiness of microbes giving rise to low penetration rates of microbes through the heap and the low solution application rates used, typically around 20 l/m 2 /hour.
  • the oxidized portion of the heap is taken down and the oxidised concentrate is washed off the rock.
  • the rock is frequently recycled and coated with fresh concentrate.
  • the oxidised concentrate is then thickened and, for refractory gold operations, the thickened oxidised concentrate being processed using cyanidation to recover the gold. Such a process is frequently tested in columns in the laboratory.
  • a process for the pre-treatment of a feed to a non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor which includes the step of applying in sequence first and second pre-treatment solutions to a feed to a non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor, in which the first solution has an iron content greater than 5 g/l and pH below 2, and the second solution contains a substantially higher microbial population.
  • the microbial population of the second solution to be selectively adapted relative to a heap PLS solution.
  • the second solution to comprise a solution from a dewatering step of oxidised product from the non-stirred surface bioreactor
  • the iron rich first solution to comprise a re-circulating irrigation solution from a non-stirred surface bioreactor process.
  • the microbial population of the second solution to have been enriched and adapted in an inoculum generator which has been charged with concentrate, sulphur or other material to selectively increase the population of specific microbes in the solution.
  • the microbial population of the second solution to contain microbes from an inoculum generator of which the temperature is operated in a predeterminable temperature range to increase the population of specific microbes in the solution.
  • the solution with the adapted microbial population content to contain microbes from an inoculum generator which is fed with concentrate to select microbes most suitable for specific toxic compounds contained in the concentrate.
  • the invention further provides for a method of adapting a microbial population for use in a non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor which includes a microbe selection step in which a solution which contains the microbes is passed through an inoculum generator which is fed with concentrate to select microbes most adapted for specific toxic compounds contained in the concentrate in the non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor, an inoculum generator which is fed with a sulphur species to select microbes most suitable for sulphur oxidation in the non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor, further alternatively an inoculum generator which is operated in a specific temperature range to selectively favour a specific microbe most suitable for the temperature operating regime used in the bioreactor in the non-stirred surface heap leach bioreactor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention for processing of a toxic gold bearing arsenopyritic concentrate, containing substantial carbonate mineralization and a tendency to produce elemental sulphur during the bio-oxidation process;
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention for processing a pyritic gold bearing concentrate with minor carbonate and stibnite that shows minor toxicity in laboratory amenability tests.
  • bioleaching microbes excrete exopolymers and are “sticky” in their natural state.
  • inoculation of a surface bioreactor using irrigation solution results in slow penetration of bacteria in the heap, also increasing period before leaching begins efficiently.
  • the natural growth of the leaching microbes that have penetrated the heap will be further inhibited by any toxic compounds coming into the solution phase.
  • Flotation concentrates processed using surface bioreactors are usually coated, as thickened slurry from a flotation plant, onto the rock.
  • the concentrate may be filtered or dried, re-pulped with water, and then coated onto the rock.
  • the density of the concentrate pulp is an important factor in maintaining adherence of the concentrate to the rock.
  • the concentrate could be re-pulped to the correct density with inoculum (for example re-circulating PLS solution), however any toxic compounds would be stacked along with the concentrate.
  • improved bacterial activity in the stacked heaps can be achieved by pre-treating the flotation concentrate with an acidic solution of ferric sulphate containing substantial quantities of leaching microbes, in one or more pre-treatment reactors.
  • the quantity of leaching microbes available for leaching is improved in situ as the coated rock is stacked. If the heap is inoculated using irrigation solution and that solution contains 1 ⁇ 10 6 microbes per ml, some 7.7 ⁇ 10 6 microbes would be applied per g of concentrate in the 27 day period. Whilst the microbial population would normally naturally increase, such increase in population will be substantially inhibited in the presence of any toxic compounds present in the solution. Also given the low solution application rates in heaps, such effects are likely to persist with time. Using the pre-treatment reactor about 1 ⁇ 10 7 microbes can contacted with a gram of concentrate every hour. Again though, any toxic compounds will remain in solution.
  • a third and indirect benefit is that mixing of a large volume of solution with the concentrate requires that the resulting product be dewatered using a thickener and/or filter. Such a process step provides an opportunity to bring the concentrate from the flotation plant consistently to the correct pulp density, which is a very important factor in maintaining adherence of the concentrate to the rock.
  • any toxic compounds are diluted substantially and, coupled with the dewatering step above, a large proportion of any soluble toxic compounds associated with the liquid phase may be removed and immediately discarded. Additionally the concentration of toxic compounds in the liquid phase of the coating on the rock is reduced directly prior to stacking.
  • the fifth benefit is that many flotation concentrates contain acid consuming carbonate minerals. These carbonates may be removed with sulphuric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid is usually used for this.
  • sulphuric acid to a carbonate containing concentrate usually results in severe foaming and expansion of the slurry, which presents practical difficulties.
  • the addition of large solution volumes enables concentrated sulphuric acid to be mixed into the slurry without concerns of foaming.
  • the acid generated in the PLS by bioleaching pyrite in the concentrate can be put to use. Additionally, because the carbonate is removed upfront, the pH in the PLS drops quickly to that suitable for bioleaching, reducing the required time on the leach pad.
  • the acidic solution of ferric sulphate containing substantial quantities of leaching microbes may be tailored for specific applications by judicious use of available plant solutions.
  • the inventors have observed that the re-circulating irrigation solution usually has quite a high population of microbes typically around 1 ⁇ 10 6 per ml and is enriched in iron, typically 5-40 g/l Fe with a pH of about 1.5.
  • the overflow from the reclaim thickener that dewaters the oxidised concentrate
  • microbes from the reclaim thickener overflow have been washed off the heap mass and are likely more adapted to conditions within the heap, whereas those in the irrigation solution may not.
  • the type and quantity of leaching microbes and iron content of the solution phase in the pre-treatment steps may be tuned for a specific concentrate. Additional sulphuric acid may be added as appropriate to dissolve carbonate minerals.
  • irrigation solution and/or the reclaim thickener overflow solution may have their microbe content enriched by a microbe selection step.
  • an inoculum generator By passing the solutions through an inoculum generator, fed with small amounts of concentrate to select microbes most adapted to any toxic compounds contained in the concentrate.
  • the inoculum generator may be fed using other materials (for example sulphur) to select the population of a particular microbial species that has the desired genetic trait for example sulphur metabolism. Alternatively it may be operated in a specific temperature range, to increase the population of a desired microbe (for example extreme thermophiles, by operating at >60 Deg C.). It may also be possible to use a combination of feeding small amounts of concentrate to the inoculum generator and operating it in specific temperature range to select the most suitable microbe.
  • FIG. 1 shows a surface bioreactor flowsheet for the treatment of the gold bearing arsenopyrite concentrate showing severe toxicity in laboratory tests, with major carbonate content.
  • the oxidised concentrate has high levels of elemental sulphur.
  • a bleed stream ( 120 a ) from the irrigation solution pond ( 120 ) is mixed with the incoming flotation concentrate ( 1 ) in a first pre-treatment reactor ( 30 ), to which 100 kg/t of sulphuric acid ( 31 ) is added.
  • the leached solids ( 30 b ) are fed to a pre-treatment thickener ( 40 ).
  • the pre-treatment thickener overflow ( 40 a ) goes to neutralisation ( 60 ) and disposal.
  • the pre-treatment thickener underflow ( 40 b ) is fed to a second pre-treatment reactor ( 50 ), where a solution ( 100 d ) from an inoculum generator ( 130 ) fed with sulphur ( 130 a ) and a bleed ( 100 b ) of the oxidized concentrate thickener overflow ( 100 a ) is added.
  • the second pre-treatment reactor product ( 50 b ) goes to a coating device ( 70 ) along with recycled support rock ( 200 ).
  • the coated support rock ( 70 a ) is fed to the surface bioreactor heap ( 80 ).
  • the surface bioreactor heap ( 80 ) is continuously irrigated with solution ( 120 a ) derived from the irrigation solution pond ( 120 ).
  • the heap effluent solution ( 80 a ) flows back to the irrigation solution pond ( 120 ).
  • Low pressure air ( 117 a ) is blown through the heap surface bioreactor ( 80 ).
  • the oxidised portion ( 80 b ) of the surface bioreactor heap ( 80 ) is removed and fed into an oxidized concentrate screen ( 90 ).
  • the washed support rock ( 200 ) is fed to the coating device ( 70 ).
  • the oxidized fines ( 90 b ) are fed to an oxidized concentrate thickener ( 100 ) from which the thickener underflow ( 100 d ) is further processed using cyanidation to recover the gold.
  • the oxidized concentrate thickener overflow ( 100 a ) is split into a portion ( 100 c ) going to the solution pond ( 120 ) and a bleed portion ( 100 b ) going to an inoculum generator ( 130 ) fed with elemental sulphur ( 130 a ).
  • FIG. 2 shows a surface bioreactor flowsheet for the treatment of the gold bearing pyrite concentrate, with minor carbonate and stibnite content.
  • a bleed stream ( 25 a ) from the irrigation solution pond ( 25 ) is mixed with the incoming flotation concentrate ( 21 ) in a first pre-treatment reactor ( 22 ), to which some sulphuric acid ( 23 ) is added.
  • the leached solids ( 26 ) are fed to a second pre-treatment reactor ( 26 a ), where a bleed ( 27 ) of the oxidized concentrate thickener overflow ( 28 a ) is added.
  • the second pre-treatment reactor product ( 29 ) is thickened in a pre-treatment thickener ( 29 a ).
  • the pre-treatment thickener overflow ( 29 b ) goes to neutralisation ( 11 ) and disposal.
  • the pre-treatment thickener underflow ( 12 ) is fed to a coating device ( 13 ) along with recycled support rock ( 20 ).
  • the coated support rock ( 14 ) is fed to the surface bioreactor heap ( 15 ).
  • the surface bioreactor heap ( 15 ) is continuously irrigated with solution ( 17 ) derived from the irrigation solution pond ( 25 ).
  • the heap effluent solution ( 16 ) flows back to the irrigation solution pond ( 25 ).
  • Low pressure air ( 17 a ) is blown through the heap surface bioreactor ( 15 ).
  • the oxidised portion ( 18 ) of the surface bioreactor heap ( 15 ) is removed and fed into an oxidized concentrate screen ( 19 ).
  • the washed support rock ( 20 ) is fed to the coating device ( 13 ).
  • the oxidized fines ( 21 ) are fed to an oxidized concentrate thickener ( 28 ) from which the thickener underflow ( 28 b ) is further processed using cyanidation to recover the gold.
  • the oxidized concentrate thickener overflow ( 28 a ) is split into a portion ( 22 a ) going to the solution pond ( 25 ) and a bleed portion ( 27 ) going to the second pre-treatment reactor ( 26 a ).
  • the invention can be used for the processing of base metal concentrates, as well as in all cases where ore may be used as the substrate. It is also possible to use the invention in stirred tank processing of gold and base metal concentrates.
  • a thickener in the process before the coating step, which may be required to increase the solids content of the material to be coated on the feed to the bioreactor.
  • a thickener could be located between Pre-treatment Reactor 2 ( 50 ) and the Coating step ( 70 ), in other words in stream 50 b.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
US12/441,479 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Pre-treatment of feed to non-stirred surface bioreactor Abandoned US20090235784A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200608006 2006-09-15
ZA2006/08006 2006-09-15
PCT/IB2007/053714 WO2008032288A2 (fr) 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Prétraitement d'alimentation vers un bioréacteur de surface non agité

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20090235784A1 true US20090235784A1 (en) 2009-09-24

Family

ID=39047955

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/441,479 Abandoned US20090235784A1 (en) 2006-09-15 2007-09-14 Pre-treatment of feed to non-stirred surface bioreactor

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20090235784A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2074234A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20080025353A (fr)
AP (1) AP2009004832A0 (fr)
AR (1) AR062872A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2007297152A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0716788A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2664213A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2007002706A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA200970285A1 (fr)
EC (1) ECSP099237A (fr)
MX (1) MX2009002827A (fr)
PE (1) PE20080518A1 (fr)
UY (1) UY30597A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008032288A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100058894A1 (en) * 2008-08-25 2010-03-11 John Lawrence Uhrie Methods and systems for leaching a metal-bearing ore for the recovery of a metal value

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2467081C1 (ru) * 2011-07-01 2012-11-20 Сергей Юрьевич Абрамовский Колонна для регенерации железоокисляющими микроорганизмами растворов выщелачивания минерального сырья

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5089412A (en) * 1987-07-10 1992-02-18 Gb Biotech Inc. Bacteria for oxidizing multimetallic sulphide ores
US5766930A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-06-16 Geobiotics, Inc. Method of biotreatment for solid materials in a nonstirred surface bioreactor
US5914441A (en) * 1996-06-12 1999-06-22 Yellowstone Environmental Science, Inc. Biocatalyzed anaerobic oxidation of metal sulfides for recovery of metal values
US6096113A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-08-01 Echo Bay Mines, Limited Integrated, closed tank biooxidation/heap bioleach/precious metal leach processes for treating refractory sulfide ores
US6884280B2 (en) * 2000-10-06 2005-04-26 Billiton Sa Limited Heat transfer in heap leaching of sulphide ores

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2011691C1 (ru) * 1991-05-05 1994-04-30 Уральский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт медной промышленности "УНИПРОМЕДЬ" Установка для биохимического выщелачивания руд
SE0502471L (sv) * 2005-11-09 2007-05-10 Boliden Mineral Ab Förfarande för biolakning av metallinnehållande sulfidiska material

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5089412A (en) * 1987-07-10 1992-02-18 Gb Biotech Inc. Bacteria for oxidizing multimetallic sulphide ores
US5766930A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-06-16 Geobiotics, Inc. Method of biotreatment for solid materials in a nonstirred surface bioreactor
US5914441A (en) * 1996-06-12 1999-06-22 Yellowstone Environmental Science, Inc. Biocatalyzed anaerobic oxidation of metal sulfides for recovery of metal values
US6096113A (en) * 1997-05-16 2000-08-01 Echo Bay Mines, Limited Integrated, closed tank biooxidation/heap bioleach/precious metal leach processes for treating refractory sulfide ores
US6884280B2 (en) * 2000-10-06 2005-04-26 Billiton Sa Limited Heat transfer in heap leaching of sulphide ores

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100058894A1 (en) * 2008-08-25 2010-03-11 John Lawrence Uhrie Methods and systems for leaching a metal-bearing ore for the recovery of a metal value
US8118907B2 (en) 2008-08-25 2012-02-21 Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation Methods and systems for leaching a metal-bearing ore for the recovery of a metal value
US8491701B2 (en) 2008-08-25 2013-07-23 Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation Methods and systems for leaching a metal-bearing ore for the recovery of a metal value

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2074234A2 (fr) 2009-07-01
AR062872A1 (es) 2008-12-10
MX2009002827A (es) 2009-06-04
CL2007002706A1 (es) 2008-05-16
WO2008032288A3 (fr) 2008-05-29
KR20080025353A (ko) 2008-03-20
WO2008032288A2 (fr) 2008-03-20
CA2664213A1 (fr) 2008-03-20
PE20080518A1 (es) 2008-05-28
UY30597A1 (es) 2008-05-02
EA200970285A1 (ru) 2009-08-28
AP2009004832A0 (en) 2009-04-30
AU2007297152A1 (en) 2008-03-20
ECSP099237A (es) 2009-06-30
BRPI0716788A2 (pt) 2014-02-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4822413A (en) Extraction of metal values from ores or concentrates
Dew et al. The BIOX® process for biooxidation of gold-bearing ores or concentrates
AU774254B2 (en) Recovery of zinc from zinc bearing sulphide minerals by bioleaching and electrowinning
AU722144B2 (en) Method and apparatus for biocatalyzed anaerobic oxidation of metal sulfides
US10767242B2 (en) Methods and systems for leaching a metal-bearing ore using a bio-augmentation process
EP1242637A1 (fr) Lixiviation bacterienne en tas
MXPA06014749A (es) Procesamiento de materiales minerales que consumen acido, que implica tratamiento con efluente acido de biooxidacion.
US6063158A (en) Sulfide mineral concentrate bioleaching
Hu et al. A scaled-up continuous process for biooxidation as pre-treatment of refractory pyrite-arsenopyrite gold-bearing concentrates
Smart et al. Linking microbial community dynamics in biox® leaching tanks to process conditions: Integrating lab and commercial experience
AU2009305323B2 (en) Process for extracting iron from an aqueous acid solution
Ahmadi et al. Continuous bio-hydrometallurgical extraction of zinc from a bulk lead-zinc flotation concentrate on a pilot scale
AU2011360586A1 (en) Energy efficient recovery of precious metals and base metals
EA010230B1 (ru) Способ биовыщелачивания металлсодержащих сульфидных материалов
US20090235784A1 (en) Pre-treatment of feed to non-stirred surface bioreactor
Wang et al. Two-step oxidation of refractory gold concentrates with different microbial communities
US6103204A (en) Selective bioleaching of zinc
RU2234544C1 (ru) Способ переработки упорных золото-мышьяковых руд и концентратов
SE0950848A1 (sv) Process för att utvinna en värdefull metall ur ett sulfidiskt material genom hydrometallurgi
AU592161B2 (en) Extraction of metal values from ores or concentrates
Natarajan Bioprocessing for enhanced gold recovery
Chipise et al. Towards bioleaching of PGMS
Koizhanova et al. The effect of biochemical oxidation on the hydrometallurgical production of copper
Spasova et al. Leaching of gold from a polymetallic sulphide ore
CN115232981B (zh) 基于曝气氧化与废酸熟化的铜锌浮选尾矿生物浸出方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: GEOBIOTICS LLC, COLORADO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:NORTON, ALAN ERIC;REEL/FRAME:022698/0393

Effective date: 20090423

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION