US20090038959A1 - Highly Pure Stainless Steel Process - Google Patents
Highly Pure Stainless Steel Process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090038959A1 US20090038959A1 US12/184,098 US18409808A US2009038959A1 US 20090038959 A1 US20090038959 A1 US 20090038959A1 US 18409808 A US18409808 A US 18409808A US 2009038959 A1 US2009038959 A1 US 2009038959A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- cables
- electropolishing
- corrosion
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
- C25F3/24—Polishing of heavy metals of iron or steel
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
- D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
- D07B7/12—Machine details; Auxiliary devices for softening, lubricating or impregnating ropes, cables, or component strands thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
- D07B2201/201—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/2087—Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
- D07B2205/3021—Metals
- D07B2205/3025—Steel
- D07B2205/3028—Stainless steel
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/202—Environmental resistance
- D07B2401/2025—Environmental resistance avoiding corrosion
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrochemical polishing process of stainless steel; and more particularly, it relates to a proper process control to produce highly pure stainless steel cable products with a brilliant appearance, an improved resistance to corrosion, and an enhanced life cycle.
- a film of chromium oxide is often added to the surface of a film of chromium most stainless steel cables to protect them from corrosion quickly.
- thickness of the film of chromium is directly related to the stainless steel product's resistance to corrosion.
- Result of AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) analysis shows that most stainless steel cables are covered with only a thin layer of chromium oxide film, as reference 1 indicates; Still, addition of such a thin layer nevertheless adds manufacturing cost, as reference 2 shows.
- a third disadvantage of adding a thin layer of chromium oxide film on the surface of the products is that scales may be produced as a result of compression with eye layer in high temperature during the threading process.
- the main object of the invention is to improve the above-mentioned defects produced during the skim process of stainless steel threads or cables in traditional industry. Smoothing-enhanced surface process is added in this invention to stainless steel products to increase products' resistance to erosion and hence their life cycle.
- the first object of the invention is to apply a series of processes to products of stainless steel threads or cables, including electrolysis skim, bath cleansing, electropolishing, acid activation, bath cleansing and drying, aiming to improve the surface smoothness and polishing, and hence their resistance to buildup, and contamination as well as corrosion resistance.
- the second object of the invention is to apply a major ingredient, 30 g/l to 60 g/l of sodium hydroxide during electro skim process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- the third object of the invention is to apply a major ingredient, 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid, during electropolishing process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- the fourth object of the invention is to apply a major ingreident, 5% to 10% of nitric acid during weak acid activation process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- SFP Stress Free Polishing
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the cleansing and polishing process in manufacturing stainless steel cables disclosed in this invention
- FIG. 2 is an illustration of the electropolishing process disclosed in this invention to smooth out surface of stainless steel cables disclosed in this invention
- Reference 1 is a chart showing ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts
- Reference 2 is an SEM figure showing scratches during threading process of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts
- Reference 3 is an SEM figure showing oxidized scales generated during threading process of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts.
- Reference 4 shows ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of stainless steel cables after electropolishing process disclosed in this invention.
- this invention discloses the structure of a highly pure stainless steel cables and its manufacturing process.
- step-by-step procedures are listed in order below:
- step (3) process of electropolishing of stainless steel cables made of stainless steel threads with twisting process stainless steel cables are immersed in an electrolyte composed mainly of phosphate (to be more specific, the electrolyte consists of 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid), and subjected to a direct electrical current. With the movement of both positive and negative ions caused by the electrical reaction, particles of metal are removed.
- an electrolyte composed mainly of phosphate (to be more specific, the electrolyte consists of 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid), and subjected to a direct electrical current.
- the outer layer of the stainless steel cables after our polishing process contains more in chromium and oxygen.
- the oxygen amount contained in the most outer layer is 40%, which decreases from outer to inner layer, and is maintained at 10% at the inner layer, indicating more chromium and oxygen are contained in the stainless steel cables after our polishing process (please also refer to Reference 4 , which shows ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of stainless steel cables applied with our electropolishing).
- the thickness of the oxidized layer of with the stainless steel cables with our electropolishing is estimated to be at least 5 times that of the oxidized layer without our electropolishing, based on the amount of oxygen contained in the layer.
- the main ingredient used in step (4) activation process with weak acid is 5% to 10% of Nitric acid.
Abstract
This invention discloses a proper process control to produce a highly pure stainless steel cable products, including electro skim to improve smoothness of the rough surface of said product, electrolyte bath, electropolishing for leveling of roughness on the surface of said product and for increased resistance to corrosion, activation with weak acid, bath cleaning, and drying.
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The invention relates to an electrochemical polishing process of stainless steel; and more particularly, it relates to a proper process control to produce highly pure stainless steel cable products with a brilliant appearance, an improved resistance to corrosion, and an enhanced life cycle.
- 2. Description of the Prior Art
- Most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing industry are manufactured for a pre-determined degrees of strength by going through the skimming process, which often leaves mechanical deformation on surface layers of stainless steel produces, such as a rough surface, which in turn shortens life cycle of cable products in long-term exposure to the outside world. Furthermore, traditional skim processes are unable to completely remove residuals, making surface of the stainless steel cable products yellowish and less shining.
- In general, a film of chromium oxide is often added to the surface of a film of chromium most stainless steel cables to protect them from corrosion quickly. As a result, thickness of the film of chromium (added to the surface of the products) is directly related to the stainless steel product's resistance to corrosion. Result of AES (Auger Electron Spectroscopy) analysis shows that most stainless steel cables are covered with only a thin layer of chromium oxide film, as
reference 1 indicates; Still, addition of such a thin layer nevertheless adds manufacturing cost, asreference 2 shows. A third disadvantage of adding a thin layer of chromium oxide film on the surface of the products is that scales may be produced as a result of compression with eye layer in high temperature during the threading process. - The main object of the invention is to improve the above-mentioned defects produced during the skim process of stainless steel threads or cables in traditional industry. Smoothing-enhanced surface process is added in this invention to stainless steel products to increase products' resistance to erosion and hence their life cycle.
- The first object of the invention is to apply a series of processes to products of stainless steel threads or cables, including electrolysis skim, bath cleansing, electropolishing, acid activation, bath cleansing and drying, aiming to improve the surface smoothness and polishing, and hence their resistance to buildup, and contamination as well as corrosion resistance.
- The second object of the invention is to apply a major ingredient, 30 g/l to 60 g/l of sodium hydroxide during electro skim process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- The third object of the invention is to apply a major ingredient, 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid, during electropolishing process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- The fourth object of the invention is to apply a major ingreident, 5% to 10% of nitric acid during weak acid activation process of stainless steel threads or cables.
- Advantages of the current invention are summarized below:
- [1] Stress Free Polishing (SFP): Electropolishing is accomplished by connecting the metal part to be processed to the positive terminal (the anode) of a DC power supply. The object to be electro-polished is immersed in an electrolyte and subjected to a direct electrical current. Metal ions dissolved from the annode react with phosphoric acid in the polishing solution to form a film at the surface, which has the property of low dissolvibility and high viscosity and accumulates around the annode; the film is thinner over the micro-projections and thicker at the micro-depressions, resulting in a more rapid dissolution of the micro-projections causing micro-leveling at the surface.
- [2] Improved physical appearance: excellent light reflection and depth clarity, bright, smooth polish; uniform luster of shaped parts.
- [3] Enhanced mechanic properties: less surface drag and friction, increased duty cycle, and decreased scaling and product build-up.
- [4] Increased resistance to corrosion: increased pitting potential and resistance to corrosion due to the surface oxide layer, which is rich in oxygen and chromium and poor in iron.
-
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the cleansing and polishing process in manufacturing stainless steel cables disclosed in this invention; -
FIG. 2 is an illustration of the electropolishing process disclosed in this invention to smooth out surface of stainless steel cables disclosed in this invention; -
Reference 1 is a chart showing ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts; -
Reference 2 is an SEM figure showing scratches during threading process of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts; -
Reference 3 is an SEM figure showing oxidized scales generated during threading process of most stainless steel cables in traditional metal finishing prior arts; and -
Reference 4 shows ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of stainless steel cables after electropolishing process disclosed in this invention. - Referring to
FIG. 1 and 2 , this invention discloses the structure of a highly pure stainless steel cables and its manufacturing process. To effectively execute the skimming and electropolishing process for brightening appearance and improved property against corrosion, step-by-step procedures are listed in order below: -
- (1) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are first electro-skimmed to achieve a complete skimming result;
- (2) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are then immersed in a electrolytic bath;
- (3) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are then electropolished to smooth out the rough surface for improved resistance to corrosion;
- (4) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are then activated by weak acid;
- (5) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are then bathed; and
- (6) Products made of stainless steel threads or cables are dried.
- The major ingredient used for step (1) process of electro-skimming is 30 g/l to 60 g/l sodium hydroxide.
- During step (3) process of electropolishing of stainless steel cables made of stainless steel threads with twisting process, stainless steel cables are immersed in an electrolyte composed mainly of phosphate (to be more specific, the electrolyte consists of 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid), and subjected to a direct electrical current. With the movement of both positive and negative ions caused by the electrical reaction, particles of metal are removed.
- After electropolishing, the laboratory corrosion test of Anodic Polarization at 3.5% wtNacl shows that the potential against surface corrosion increases significantly, indicating that the oxidized layer on the surface of the stainless steel cables is more resistant to corrosion. Furthermore, the annual corrosion rate (mm/year) also drops from 0.07 (mm/year) prior to polishing to 0.03 (mm/year) after our step-by-step procedures of polishing disclosed in this invention.
- In the meantime, the surface smoothness due to a complete skimming brings a brightening appearance to the stainless steel cables, too.
- The outer layer of the stainless steel cables after our polishing process contains more in chromium and oxygen. The oxygen amount contained in the most outer layer is 40%, which decreases from outer to inner layer, and is maintained at 10% at the inner layer, indicating more chromium and oxygen are contained in the stainless steel cables after our polishing process (please also refer to
Reference 4, which shows ingredients amounts contained on AES surface of stainless steel cables applied with our electropolishing). The thickness of the oxidized layer of with the stainless steel cables with our electropolishing is estimated to be at least 5 times that of the oxidized layer without our electropolishing, based on the amount of oxygen contained in the layer. - No mechanical deformation (i.e. rough surface) is observed on the surface of the stainless steel cables under the SEM microscopic view at 1000× power, which greatly reduces the cable's corrosion.
- The main ingredient used in step (4) activation process with weak acid is 5% to 10% of Nitric acid.
- Although the preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention has been provided in this application, it is to be understood that many other possible modification and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention hereafter claimed.
Claims (4)
1. A process for a product of said structure of highly pure stainless steel cable, including
electro skim to improve smoothness of the rough surface of said product,
electrolyte bath,
electropolishing for leveling of roughness on the surface of said product and for increased resistance to corrosion,
activation with weak acid,
bath cleaning, and
drying.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the major ingredient used in the process of said electro skim includes 30 g/l to 60 g/l sodium hydroxide
3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the major ingredients used in the process of said electropolishing include 40% to 60% of phosphoric acid and 20% to 40% of sulfuric acid.
4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the major ingredient used in the process of said activation with weak acid includes 5% to 10% of Nitric acid.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW96129486 | 2007-08-10 | ||
TW096129486A TW200907117A (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2007-08-10 | Structure of high clean stainless steel cord and processing method thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090038959A1 true US20090038959A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
Family
ID=40345451
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/184,098 Abandoned US20090038959A1 (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-31 | Highly Pure Stainless Steel Process |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090038959A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW200907117A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105350364A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-24 | 华勤钢丝绳有限公司 | Ultra-high-strength steel wire rope for conveyer belt and wire drawing method thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4776897A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1988-10-11 | Shinko-Pfaudler Company, Ltd. | Method for treating the surface of stainless steel by high temperature oxidation |
US5049221A (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1991-09-17 | Meiko Electronics Co., Ltd. | Process for producing a copper-clad laminate |
US20050145508A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-07-07 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method for cleaning and polishing steel-plantinum alloys |
US20070173411A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-07-26 | Ls Cable Ltd. | Method of manufacturing substrate for superconducting cable |
-
2007
- 2007-08-10 TW TW096129486A patent/TW200907117A/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-07-31 US US12/184,098 patent/US20090038959A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4776897A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1988-10-11 | Shinko-Pfaudler Company, Ltd. | Method for treating the surface of stainless steel by high temperature oxidation |
US5049221A (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1991-09-17 | Meiko Electronics Co., Ltd. | Process for producing a copper-clad laminate |
US20050145508A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-07-07 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method for cleaning and polishing steel-plantinum alloys |
US20070173411A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-07-26 | Ls Cable Ltd. | Method of manufacturing substrate for superconducting cable |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105350364A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-02-24 | 华勤钢丝绳有限公司 | Ultra-high-strength steel wire rope for conveyer belt and wire drawing method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200907117A (en) | 2009-02-16 |
TWI351451B (en) | 2011-11-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: YUEN NENG CO., LTD., TAIWAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHUN, WEI LIN;REEL/FRAME:021325/0880 Effective date: 20080720 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |