US20090000530A1 - Waste oil combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Waste oil combustion apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090000530A1 US20090000530A1 US12/127,703 US12770308A US2009000530A1 US 20090000530 A1 US20090000530 A1 US 20090000530A1 US 12770308 A US12770308 A US 12770308A US 2009000530 A1 US2009000530 A1 US 2009000530A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- waste oil
- combustion
- combustion furnace
- air
- supply unit
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/05—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste oils
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
Definitions
- the present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2007-52837 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Mar. 2, 2007, the entire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference.
- the present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using waste oils such as discarded lubricant, engine oil or the like as main fuel.
- waste oils including discarded animal oils such as beef tallow, vegetable oils such as soy-beam oil or mineral oils such as lubricant, insulation oil, engine oil, etc. Under these circumstances, it has been proposed to utilize such waste oils as fuel for combustion apparatuses such as a boiler, burner, etc.
- Patent Document 1 uses kerosene as main fuel and waste oil as auxiliary fuel. However, this apparatus should be able to burn waste oils more efficiently.
- a waste oil combustion apparatus including a bottomed cylindrical combustion furnace, a waste oil supplying means for supplying a waste oil into the combustion furnace, an auxiliary-fuel supplying means for supplying an auxiliary fuel for burning the waste oil in the combustion furnace, an ignition means for heating the combustion furnace inside and the waste oil and auxiliary fuel to ignite the fuels, an air supplying means for supplying air to the combustion furnace, and a controller for controlling each of the ignition means, waste oil supplying means, auxiliary-fuel supplying means and air supplying means to act at a predetermined time and operate for a predetermined time.
- the waste oil supplying means supplies the waste oil in such a manner that the latter is spirally swirled inside the combustion furnace under the action of air supplied from the air supplying means.
- the combustion apparatus uses waste oils each as main fuel and is capable of burning the waste oils having been discarded as wastes in the past, which contributes to deployment of resources.
- the waste oil supplying means supplies the waste oil in such a manner that the latter is spirally swirled inside the combustion furnace under the action of air supplied from the air supplying means, whereby the waste oil can be burned with an improved efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal-sectional view of a waste oil combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view, enlarged in scale, of a substantial part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 explains the flow of fuel and air from the fuel supply pipe in the intake pipe of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 , in which FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the combustion furnace and FIG. 3B is a longitudinal-sectional view of the combustion furnace;
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the intake pipe
- FIG. 5 shows a flow of operations made in the waste oil combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus
- FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view taken along the axis of rotation of the rotary kiln shown in FIG. 6 , connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view taken perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus.
- FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an inner casing of the rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus.
- the waste oil combustion apparatus includes an annular combustion cylinder 2 , a combustion furnace 3 provided inside the combustion cylinder 2 , an ignition burner 4 that heats the inside of the combustion furnace 3 to ignite the fuel and the like, a waste oil supply unit 5 to supply waste oil as main fuel into the combustion furnace 3 , a kerosene supply unit 6 to supply kerosene as auxiliary fuel into the combustion furnace 3 , an air supply unit 7 to supply air into the combustion cylinder 2 , a duct 8 to supply heat resulted from the combustion of the waste oil in the combustion furnace 3 to a heat exchanger or the like connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 for effective utilization of the heat, and a controller 10 to control the operation of the entire apparatus.
- the combustion cylinder 2 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like. It includes a cylindrical annular portion 2 a , a top plate 2 b that closes the upper end of the annular portion 2 a , and supporting members 2 c provided near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a to support the combustion furnace 3 .
- the lower end of the annular portion 2 a serves as a burning port.
- the duct 8 is connected to that lower end to supply the heat of combustion in the combustion furnace 3 inside the combustion cylinder 2 to the downstream.
- the annular portion 2 a of the combustion cylinder 2 is of a double structure being hollow to have an inner space 11 formed therein and to which water is supplied.
- the annular portion 2 a has a water inlet 12 provided on the peripheral surface near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a at which the latter is connected to the duct 8 , and the water inlet 12 communicates with the inner space 11 .
- the annular portion 2 a has a water outlet 13 provided on the peripheral surface near the upper end at which a top plate 2 b is provided, and the water outlet 13 communicates with the inner space 11 .
- the annular portion 2 a is connected at the water inlet 12 thereof to a water supply unit 14 .
- Water supplied from the water supply unit 14 is charged into the inner space II through the water inlet 12 , and it goes out of the inner space 11 through the water outlet 13 .
- the water thus filled in the inner space 11 will serve as a coolant that cools the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- the water supply unit 14 is of a well-known type, for example, a pump.
- the top plate 2 b provided at the upper end of the annular portion 2 a is a disc-shaped member that closes the upper end of the annular portion 2 a . It has an air inlet 15 connected to a blower 16 and through which air is supplied into the combustion cylinder 2 .
- the air inlet 15 is formed circular to blow air to between the combustion cylinder 3 and the annular portion 2 a surrounding the former.
- the supporting members 2 c support the combustion furnace 3 formed like a footman. More specifically, each of the supporting members 2 c is formed from a bar-shaped member extending from near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a of the combustion cylinder 2 toward the inside of the annular portion 2 a . The supporting member 2 c is a little bent at the free end thereof toward the upper end of the annular portion 2 a . Also, the supporting member 2 c is longitudinally hollow (as indicated with a reference numeral 2 d ) from one end thereof to the other, allowing air to pass through. The supporting member 2 c is connected at one end thereto to an air blower 9 which is an air source. The air blower 9 is to supply air to the combustion furnace 3 . It blows air to the bottom of the combustion furnace 3 through the inner space 2 d in the connected supporting member 2 c to cool the combustion furnace 3 .
- the combustion furnace 3 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like to have the form of a bottomed cylinder. It is placed inside the combustion cylinder 2 .
- the combustion furnace 3 has formed therein near an open end 3 a thereof an insertion hole 18 in which there is inserted a supply pipe assembly 17 through which waste oil, kerosene and air are supplied from the waste oil supply unit 5 , kerosene supply unit 6 and air supply unit 7 , respectively, to the combustion furnace 3 .
- the combustion furnace 3 has a bottom 3 b on which there will be received the mist, not completely burned, of the fuels including the waste oil sprayed from the supply pipe assembly 17 .
- the fuels, including the waste oil on the bottom 3 b of the combustion furnace 3 are heated in the combustion furnace 3 for vaporization and burning.
- the ignition burner 4 is connected to the supply pipe assembly 17 . It uses kerosene, for example.
- the ignition burner 4 heats the inside of the combustion furnace 3 to ignite waste oil so that the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 can start combustion or other operation with only the waste oil.
- the ignition burner 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned type using kerosene but may be of a type using gas or the like.
- the waste oil supply unit 5 includes a first waste oil tank 19 in which waste oil is stored, a second waste oil tank 20 to which the waste oil is supplied from the first waste oil tank 19 , a heater 21 provided inside the second waste oil tank 20 to heat the waste oil in the second waste oil tank 20 , a waste oil supply pipe 22 through which the waste oil is supplied from the second waste oil tank 20 into the combustion furnace 3 , a waste oil pressure regulator 23 provided in the waste oil supply pipe 22 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil supplied from the second waste oil tank 20 , and a waste oil supply/stop valve 24 to supply or stop the waste oil to the combustion furnace 3 .
- the first waste oil tank 19 stores waste oil as main fuel for use with the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- the second waste oil tank 20 is supplied with the waste oil from the first waste oil tank 19 .
- the second waste oil tank 20 stores the waste oil supplied from the first waste oil tank 19 under a constant pressure.
- a heater 21 that heats the waste oil in the tank to lower the viscosity of the waste oil.
- the heater 21 is of a well-known type, and its operation is controlled by the controller 10 . Water is supplied to the inner space 11 of the combustion cylinder 2 and given the heat of combustion in the combustion furnace 3 .
- the water thus heated is circulated through the water outlet 13 to the second waste oil tank 20 in which it further heats the waste oil being heated by the heater 21 .
- the controller 10 makes a selection between the heat exchange by the discharged hot water from the combustion cylinder 2 and the operation of the heater 21 in response to the operational status of the combustion furnace 3 .
- the latter may not be arranged to be supplied with the hot water from the combustion cylinder 2 as described above but may be provided in a position where it itself can be given the radiant heat from the combustion furnace 3 .
- the waste oil supply pipe 22 is connected to a fuel supply tube 29 (shown in FIG. 4 ), which will further be described later, in the supply pipe assembly 17 to supply the waste oil from the second waste oil tank 20 to the combustion furnace 3 .
- the waste oil pressure regulator 23 is provided in the waste oil supply pipe 22 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil being supplied from the second waste oil tank 20 to the supply pipe assembly 17 .
- the waste oil pressure regulator 23 is controlled by the controller 10 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil being supplied.
- the waste oil supply/stop valve 24 is provided in the waste oil supply pipe 22 and downstream of the waste oil pressure regulator 23 to adjust the supply of the waste oil from the second waste oil tank 20 . Similarly to the waste oil pressure regulator 23 , the waste oil supply/stop valve 24 is operated (opened or closed) under the control of the controller 10 .
- waste oil pressure regulator 23 and waste oil supply/stop valve 24 may not be arranged separately from each other as above but they may be of an integral structure capable of adjusting the supply of the waste oil through the waste oil supply pipe 22 and regulating the pressure of the waste oil in the waste oil supply pipe 22 .
- the kerosene supply unit 6 includes a kerosene tank 25 in which kerosene as auxiliary fuel is stored, a kerosene supply pipe 26 to supply kerosene from the kerosene tank 25 into the combustion furnace 3 , a kerosene pressure regulator 27 provided in the kerosene supply pipe 26 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene supplied from the kerosene tank 25 , and a kerosene supply/stop valve 28 to supply or stop the kerosene to the combustion furnace 3 .
- the kerosene tank 25 stores kerosene as auxiliary fuel for the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- the kerosene supply pipe 26 is connected to the fuel supply tube 29 , which will further be described later, in the supply pipe assembly 17 to supply the kerosene from the kerosene tank 25 to the combustion furnace 3 .
- the kerosene pressure regulator 27 is provided in the kerosene supply pipe 26 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene being supplied from the kerosene tank 25 to the supply pipe assembly 17 .
- the kerosene pressure regulator 27 is controlled by the controller 10 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene being supplied.
- the kerosene supply/stop valve 28 is provided in the kerosene supply pipe 26 and downstream of the kerosene pressure regulator 27 to adjust the supply of the kerosene from the kerosene tank 25 . Similarly to the kerosene pressure regulator 27 , the kerosene supply/stop valve 28 is operated (opened or closed) under the control of the controller 10 .
- kerosene pressure regulator 27 and kerosene supply/stop valve 28 may not be arranged separately from each other as above but they may be of an integral structure capable of adjusting the supply of the kerosene through the kerosene supply pipe 26 and regulating the pressure of the kerosene in the kerosene supply pipe 26 .
- the supply pipe assembly 17 includes a fuel supply pipe 29 to which the waste oil supply pipe 22 and kerosene supply pipe 26 are connected, an air supply pipe 30 having the fuel supply pipe 29 provided therein and which is supplied with air from the air supply unit 7 , and a heat shielding plate 31 provided to cover a portion, near the free end, of the air supply pipe 30 .
- the supply pipe assembly 17 is inserted in the insertion hole 18 provided near the open end of the combustion furnace 3 as shown in FIG. 3 to supply fuel (waste oil and kerosene) and air into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the insertion hole 18 is to have the supply pipe assembly 17 inserted through it as above. It is formed so that the supply pipe assembly 17 is held tangentially to the inner circumference of the combustion furnace 3 as shown in FIG. 3A (cross-sectional view) and obliquely from above toward the bottom 3 b of the combustion furnace 3 as will be seen in FIG. 3B (longitudinal-sectional view). This geometry is intended to swirl the fuel and air supplied from the supply pipe assembly 17 for efficient burning.
- the fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the waste oil supply pipe 22 and kerosene supply tube 26 to supply waste oil and kerosene into the combustion furnace 3 . It is connected at one end thereof to the waste oil supply pipe 22 and kerosene supply pipe 26 to supply waste oil and kerosene as fuels into the combustion furnace 3 , and projected at the other end thereof into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the air supply pipe 30 is larger in inside diameter than the fuel supply pipe 29 and is laid coaxially with the latter.
- the air supply pipe 30 is connected at one end thereof to the air supply unit 7 and projected at the other end into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the air supply pipe 30 supplies air from the air supply unit 7 into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the end, projected into the combustion furnace 3 , of the air supply pipe 30 is deeper in the combustion furnace 3 than the corresponding end of the fuel supply pipe 29 .
- the free end, projected into the combustion furnace 3 , of the air supply pipe 30 is somewhat reduced in inside diameter (as indicated with a reference numeral 30 a ).
- the smaller-diameter end 30 a forms a Venturi tube that elevates the flow rate of supplied air to atomize waste oil etc. supplied from the fuel supply pipe 29 for spraying into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the heat shielding plate 31 covers the near free-end portion of the air supply pipe 30 to shield heat from the combustion furnace 3 in order to prevent the air supply pipe 30 from being overheated.
- the heat shielding plate 31 has an ignition hole 32 through which flame is taken in from the ignition burner 4 .
- the ignition hole 32 is provided in such a position near the end portion, inside the combustion furnace 3 , of the heat shielding plate 31 that fuel from the fuel supply pipe 29 can be ignited by the flame from the ignition burner 4 .
- the air supply unit 7 is a blower connected to the air supply pipe 30 to supply combustion air into the combustion furnace 3 and to atomize waste oil from the fuel supply pipe 29 for spraying into the combustion furnace 3 .
- the duct 8 is to supply the heat of combustion developed in the combustion furnace 3 to a drying equipment which is located downstream of the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- the duct 8 is annular and generally equal in diameter to the combustion cylinder 2 . It is bent for one and other ends thereof to form an angle of about 90 degrees between them.
- the duct 8 is of a double structure being hollow to have an inner space 33 formed therein as in the combustion cylinder 2 and to which water is supplied.
- the duct 8 is connected at one end thereof to the bottom of the combustion cylinder 2 and at the other end to a rotary kiln 41 which will be described in detail later. Further, the duct 8 has a water inlet 34 provided at the peripheral surface thereof near the end at which it is connected to the rotary kiln 41 and which communicates with the inner space 33 , and a water outlet 35 provided at the peripheral surface thereof near the end at which it is connected to the combustion cylinder 2 and which communicates with the inner space 33 .
- the duct 8 is connected at the water inlet 34 thereof to a water supply unit 36 so that water is taken into the inner space 33 and discharged from the water outlet 35 .
- the water thus filled in the inner space 33 of the duct 8 serves as a coolant to cool the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- the water supply unit 36 is of a well-known type, for example, a pump.
- the water supply unit 36 that supplies water to the inner space 33 of the duct 8 may not be provided separately from the water supply unit 14 that supplies water to the inner space 11 of the combustion cylinder 2 as above but a single water supply unit may be used to supply water to the inner spaces 33 and 11 .
- the controller 10 is to control the operation of the entire waste oil combustion apparatus 1 . More specifically, the controller 10 controls the supply rate and pressure of water oil from the waste oil supply unit 5 , those of kerosene from the kerosene supply unit 6 , and supply rate etc. of air from the air supply unit 7 .
- the controller 10 includes a CPU (central processing unit), a memory and a timer, which are connected to each other via a bus or the like.
- the memory in the controller 10 has stored therein an operation timing program for each unit.
- the timer in the controller 10 counts a start time of each operation.
- CPU in the controller 10 counts a time count supplied from the timer, and controls the operation of each unit according to a corresponding program evoked from the memory.
- the controller 10 is connected to the ignition burner 4 , waste oil supply unit 5 , kerosene supply unit 6 , air supply unit 7 , air blower 9 , water supply units 14 and 36 , blower 16 , etc. and controls outputs from these units.
- step S 1 the user turns on the power supply to -the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
- step S 2 the controller 10 puts, into operation, the ignition burner 4 , waste oil supply unit 5 , kerosene supply unit 6 , air supply unit 7 and blower 16 . Then, waste oil, kerosene and air supplied to the combustion furnace 3 are burned while being swirled down spirally along the inner surface of the combustion furnace 3 toward the bottom 3 b and then swirled up from the bottom 3 b toward the open end of the combustion furnace 3 as shown in FIG 3 .
- step S 3 the controller 10 determines whether a predetermined time, for example, five minutes, has elapsed after each unit is put into operation in step S 2 . If the controller 10 has decided in step S 3 that the predetermined time has not elapsed, it will repeat the operation in step S 3 . In case the controller 10 has decided that the predetermined time has elapsed, it will go to step S 4 . Each unit is operated for the predetermined time in step S 3 in order to heat the inside the combustion furnace 3 by the ignition burner 4 to produce an atmosphere for easy combustion of the waste oil.
- a predetermined time for example, five minutes
- step S 4 the controller 10 controls the kerosene supply unit 6 to stop the supply of kerosene and the ignition burner 4 , to stop the operation. At this time, the controller 10 controls the waste oil supply unit 5 and air supply unit 7 to keep operating.
- waste oil and air are supplied from the waste oil supply unit 5 and air supply unit 7 , respectively, into the combustion furnace 3 so that only the waste oil will be burned as fuel.
- the waste oil, kerosene and air supplied from the supply pipe assembly 17 into the combustion furnace 3 of the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 are swirled down along the inner surface of the combustion furnace 3 toward the bottom 3 b of the furnace 3 and then swirled up from the bottom 3 b , which will assure efficient and stable combustion of the waste oil.
- the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 is so arranged that after elapse of the predetermined time, supply of the kerosene is stopped for combustion of the waste oil alone.
- the blower 16 blows air into the space between the combustion cylinder 2 and combustion furnace 3 from the upper end toward lower end of the combustion cylinder 2 to guide the heat of combustion and flame in the combustion furnace 3 into the duct 8 (as indicated with a reference symbol A in FIG. 1 ).
- the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 With the fuels and air being supplied into the combustion furnace 3 from the supply pipe assembly 17 provided at a predetermined angle in relation to the combustion furnace 3 , the waste oil can be burned more efficiently and positively. Also, since during operation of the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 , namely, during combustion of the waste oil, the combustion furnace 3 , combustion cylinder 2 , duct 8 , etc. are cooled while the air blower 9 and water supply units 14 and 36 are in operation, the durability of the entire apparatus is much improved. Further, since the controller 10 of the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 can lower the viscosity of the waste oil by controlling the operation of the heater 21 of the waste oil supply unit 5 , it is possible to assure efficient and positive combustion of the waste oil.
- the heat of combustion can be utilized for various purposes.
- the rotary kiln 41 may be connected to the downstream of the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 having been explained above, namely, to the end of the duct 8 to build a drying system for metal chips resulted from machining.
- This drying system can effectively utilize waste oil to dry the metal chips for recycling.
- the rotary kiln 41 includes a support base 52 , a rotary kiln body 51 supported on the support base 52 by means of support rollers 53 provided on the support base 52 , and a motor 54 to rotate the rotary kiln body 51 .
- the support base 52 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like.
- the plurality of support rollers 53 , motor 54 , etc. are fixed in place on the top of the support base 52 . It supports the rotary kiln body 51 on contact with the support rollers 53 .
- the support rollers 53 on the support base 52 are to support the rotary kiln body 51 rotatably.
- four support rollers 53 may be provided on the support base 52 .
- the rotary kiln body 51 rotatably supported on the support rollers 53 is of a double structure including the outer casing 56 and an inner casing 55 provided in the outer casing 56 as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 .
- the inner casing 55 of the rotary kiln body 51 is made of heat resistant steel or the like to be generally cylindrical. At one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 , there is provided the spiral conveyor 45 into which metal chips 44 to be dried are put. The inner casing 55 is supplied at the other end 55 b thereof with the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 . Also, the inner casing 55 has provided on the inner surface 55 c thereof a plurality of first feed vanes 57 that move the metal chips 44 fed from the spiral conveyor 45 in a direction from the one end 55 a to the other end 55 b as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 .
- the first feed vanes 57 are provided intermittently on the inner surface 55 c of the inner casing 55 to project inwardly of the latter and depict a virtual spiral extending from the one end 55 a toward the other end 55 b .
- the first feed vanes 57 are fixed obliquely in a direction in which rotation of the inner casing 55 converts circumferential motion into axial motion
- the inner casing 55 is rotated along with the outer casing 56 , so that the first feed vanes 57 move the metal chips 44 put in the inner casing 55 in a direction from the one end 55 a to the other end 55 b while shaking them
- the first feed vanes 57 are intermittently disposed in order to forward the heat of combustion supplied from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 in a direction toward the one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 .
- the outer casing 56 having the inner casing 55 provided therein made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like to be generally cylindrical.
- the outer casing 56 is large enough in diameter to house the inner casing 55 , and provided concentrically with the inner casing 55 .
- One end 56 a of the outer casing 56 is opposite to the one end 56 a .
- the outer casing 56 has provided on the inner surface 56 c thereof a plurality of second feed vanes 58 that take in the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 and move, to the other end 56 b of the outer casing 56 , the metal chips 44 which are to be passed from the other end 55 b of the inner casing 55 to the other end 56 b of the outer casing 56 .
- the second feed vanes 58 are provided intermittently on the inner surface 56 c of the outer casing 56 to project inwardly of the latter and depict a virtual spiral extending from the one end 56 a toward the other end 56 b .
- the second feed vanes 58 are fixed obliquely in a direction in which rotation of the outer casing 56 converts circumferential motion into axial motion
- the second feed vanes 58 are directed crosswise in relation to the first feed vanes 57 .
- the outer casing 56 is rotated along with the inner casing 55 to move, by the second feed vanes 58 , the metal chips 44 transferred from the inner casing 55 in a direction from the other end 56 b to the one end 56 a while shaking them.
- the second feed vanes 58 are intermittently disposed in order to forward the heat of combustion supplied from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 in a direction toward the one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 .
- the outer casing 56 further has provided on the outer surface 56 d thereof rings 59 which are received on the support rollers 53 , and a transmission member 61 that transmits the driving force from the motor 54 to the rotary kiln body 51 through a change belt 60 .
- the rings 59 are positioned on the outer surface 56 d of the outer casing 56 for engagement on the support rollers 53 .
- the transmission member 61 is annular to extend over the outer surface 56 d of the outer casing 56 , and positioned to face the motor 54 . It is a kind of rack, for example, which is in mesh with the chain belt 60 .
- the rotary kiln body 51 having the double structure including the inner and outer casings 55 and 56 as above, is coupled by a coupling member 62 to each other to be concentric with each other.
- the coupling member 62 is to couple the inner and outer casings 55 and 56 securely to each other at the one end 55 a , for example, of the inner casing 55 , whereby rotation of the outer casing 56 by the motor 54 leads to similar rotation of the inner casing 55 .
- the coupling member 62 may not be provided in a limited place such as the one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 but may take any form or may be provided in more than one place so long as it can securely couple the inner and outer casings 55 and 56 to each other so that they are concentric with each other.
- the spiral conveyor 45 to feed the to-be-dried metal chips 44 to the one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 is generally cylindrical. It has provided therein a vane 63 that moves the supplied metal chips 44 .
- the spiral conveyor 45 has connected thereto a motor 64 that rotates the vane 63 .
- the spiral conveyor 45 has the feeding hopper 43 installed at one end 45 a thereof, and is inserted at the other end 45 b thereof in the one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 .
- the vane 63 of the spiral conveyor 45 extends spirally to move the metal chips 44 from the one end 45 a toward the other end 45 b.
- spiral conveyor 45 may not be constructed as above but may be of any structure so long as it can move the metal chips 44 into the inner casing 55 .
- the feeding hopper 43 installed to the spiral conveyor 45 is to feed the metal chips 44 to the spiral conveyor 45 .
- the feeding hopper 43 has, for example, a vibrator etc. (not shown) and feeds a predetermined amount of the metal chips 44 to the spiral conveyor 45 under the effect of vibration given by the vibrator.
- the rotary kiln 41 further has a blower 65 for cooling the surface of the rotary kiln body 51 , that is, the outer surface 56 d of the outer casing 56 , and a blower 66 for cooling the metal ships 44 already dried and going to be discharged from the rotary kiln body 51 at the one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 while forwarding the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 into the rotary kiln body 51 .
- the rotary kiln 41 also has provided at the one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 a duct 67 which guides air from the blower 66 .
- the motor 54 is driven to rotate the rotary kiln body 51 and take in the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 into the rotary kiln body 51 from the other end 56 b of the outer casing 56 .
- the metal chips 44 are fed by the spiral conveyor 45 from the one end 55 a of the inner casing 55 , and shaken and moved by the first feed vanes 57 from the one end 55 a to the other end 55 b while being heated.
- the metal chips 44 take a position near the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 which is a heat source, and thus dried and transferred to the other end 56 b of the outer casing 56 .
- the metal chips 44 are shaken and moved by the second feed vanes 58 from the other end 56 b to one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 . That is, they are moved away from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 which is the heat source, while gradually releasing the heat. Finally, the metal chips 44 thus heated and dried are discharged from the one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 .
- the rotary kiln body 51 can be designed shorter in whole length. Therefore, the rotary kiln 41 can be formed smaller. The reduction in whole length of the rotary kiln body 51 of the rotary kiln 41 permits to have the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 operate with a lower output.
- first and second feed vanes 57 and 58 are provided intermittently to depict a virtual spiral, arrival of the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 at the one ends 55 a and 56 a of the inner and outer casings 55 and 56 , respectively, can be controlled appropriately to prevent the temperature from being sharply elevated in a position near the other end 55 b.
- the inner and outer casings 55 and 56 of the rotary kiln 41 are coupled to each other by the coupling member 62 , they can be rotated by a single motor 54 , which contributes to power saving.
- a drying apparatus including the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 and rotary kiln 41 connected to each can use waste oil as main fuel to dry the metal chips 44 .
- the embodiment of the present invention permits more effective use of resources and space saving.
- first and second feed vanes 57 and 58 are not limited to the aforementioned ones but the feed vanes may be designed to have a variable tilt angle, height, etc. in the axial direction for moving the metal chips axially at a variable speed corresponding to the uniform rotation of the rotary kiln body 51 . More specifically, the first feed vanes 57 are designed to have an increased height and tilt angle at the one end 55 a for moving the metal chips 44 toward the other end 55 b at an increased speed, while having a decreased height and tilt angle at the other end 55 b for having the metal chips 44 stay for a longer time to be long exposed to the heat of combustion from the waste oil combustion apparatus 1 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
A waste oil combustion apparatus can use various kinds of waste oils and burn the same efficiently, and permits effective utilization of the thermal energy resulting from the combustion thereof. The apparatus includes a bottomed cylindrical combustion furnace, a waste oil supply unit for supplying waste oil into the furnace, an auxiliary-fuel supply unit for supplying auxiliary fuel for burning the waste oil in the furnace, an ignition burner for heating the furnace inside and the waste oil and auxiliary fuel to ignite the fuels, an air supply unit for supplying air to the furnace, and a controller for controlling each of the igniting burner, waste oil supply unit, auxiliary-fuel supply unit and air supply unit to act at a predetermined time and operate for a predetermined time. The waste oil is spirally swirled inside the furnace under the action of air from the air supply unit.
Description
- The present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2007-52837 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Mar. 2, 2007, the entire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using waste oils such as discarded lubricant, engine oil or the like as main fuel.
- Recently, the regulations on the industrial wastes have been tightened more and more. Large costs have been required for disposal of the waste oils including discarded animal oils such as beef tallow, vegetable oils such as soy-beam oil or mineral oils such as lubricant, insulation oil, engine oil, etc. Under these circumstances, it has been proposed to utilize such waste oils as fuel for combustion apparatuses such as a boiler, burner, etc.
- However, used soy-beam oil, which is a vegetable oil, for example, has a high ignition point and is not easy to burn since it contains impurities in volume. To solve this problem, a combustion apparatus using waste oils as auxiliary fuel has been proposed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. H08-334220 (Patent Document 1). In such combustion apparatuses using waste oils as fuel, impurities contained in the oil cause carbon sludge to adhere to the inner wall of the combustion furnace or chamber, which leads to hard work for removing the carbon sludge.
- The combustion apparatus disclosed in
Patent Document 1 uses kerosene as main fuel and waste oil as auxiliary fuel. However, this apparatus should be able to burn waste oils more efficiently. - It is therefore desirable to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the related art by providing a combustion apparatus using various waste oils each as main fuel and capable of efficiently burning the waste oil and utilizing the resultant heat energy effectively.
- According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a waste oil combustion apparatus including a bottomed cylindrical combustion furnace, a waste oil supplying means for supplying a waste oil into the combustion furnace, an auxiliary-fuel supplying means for supplying an auxiliary fuel for burning the waste oil in the combustion furnace, an ignition means for heating the combustion furnace inside and the waste oil and auxiliary fuel to ignite the fuels, an air supplying means for supplying air to the combustion furnace, and a controller for controlling each of the ignition means, waste oil supplying means, auxiliary-fuel supplying means and air supplying means to act at a predetermined time and operate for a predetermined time. The waste oil supplying means supplies the waste oil in such a manner that the latter is spirally swirled inside the combustion furnace under the action of air supplied from the air supplying means.
- The combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention uses waste oils each as main fuel and is capable of burning the waste oils having been discarded as wastes in the past, which contributes to deployment of resources. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the waste oil supplying means supplies the waste oil in such a manner that the latter is spirally swirled inside the combustion furnace under the action of air supplied from the air supplying means, whereby the waste oil can be burned with an improved efficiency.
- The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal-sectional view of a waste oil combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 2 is a perspective view, enlarged in scale, of a substantial part of the apparatus shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 explains the flow of fuel and air from the fuel supply pipe in the intake pipe of the apparatus shown inFIG. 1 , in whichFIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the combustion furnace andFIG. 3B is a longitudinal-sectional view of the combustion furnace; -
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the intake pipe; -
FIG. 5 shows a flow of operations made in the waste oil combustion apparatus shown inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus; -
FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view taken along the axis of rotation of the rotary kiln shown inFIG. 6 , connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus; -
FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view taken perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus; and -
FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an inner casing of the rotary kiln connected to the waste oil combustion apparatus. - The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below concerning the embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- As shown in
FIG. 1 , the waste oil combustion apparatus, generally indicated with areference numeral 1, includes anannular combustion cylinder 2, acombustion furnace 3 provided inside thecombustion cylinder 2, anignition burner 4 that heats the inside of thecombustion furnace 3 to ignite the fuel and the like, a wasteoil supply unit 5 to supply waste oil as main fuel into thecombustion furnace 3, akerosene supply unit 6 to supply kerosene as auxiliary fuel into thecombustion furnace 3, anair supply unit 7 to supply air into thecombustion cylinder 2, aduct 8 to supply heat resulted from the combustion of the waste oil in thecombustion furnace 3 to a heat exchanger or the like connected to the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 for effective utilization of the heat, and acontroller 10 to control the operation of the entire apparatus. - The
combustion cylinder 2 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like. It includes a cylindrical annular portion 2 a, a top plate 2 b that closes the upper end of the annular portion 2 a, and supportingmembers 2 c provided near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a to support thecombustion furnace 3. In thecombustion cylinder 2, the lower end of the annular portion 2 a serves as a burning port. Theduct 8 is connected to that lower end to supply the heat of combustion in thecombustion furnace 3 inside thecombustion cylinder 2 to the downstream. - As shown in
FIG. 2 , the annular portion 2 a of thecombustion cylinder 2 is of a double structure being hollow to have an inner space 11 formed therein and to which water is supplied. The annular portion 2 a has awater inlet 12 provided on the peripheral surface near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a at which the latter is connected to theduct 8, and thewater inlet 12 communicates with the inner space 11. The annular portion 2 a has awater outlet 13 provided on the peripheral surface near the upper end at which a top plate 2 b is provided, and thewater outlet 13 communicates with the inner space 11. Also, the annular portion 2 a is connected at thewater inlet 12 thereof to awater supply unit 14. Water supplied from thewater supply unit 14 is charged into the inner space II through thewater inlet 12, and it goes out of the inner space 11 through thewater outlet 13. In the annular portion 2 a, the water thus filled in the inner space 11 will serve as a coolant that cools the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. Thewater supply unit 14 is of a well-known type, for example, a pump. - The top plate 2 b provided at the upper end of the annular portion 2 a is a disc-shaped member that closes the upper end of the annular portion 2 a. It has an
air inlet 15 connected to ablower 16 and through which air is supplied into thecombustion cylinder 2. Theair inlet 15 is formed circular to blow air to between thecombustion cylinder 3 and the annular portion 2 a surrounding the former. - The supporting
members 2 c support thecombustion furnace 3 formed like a footman. More specifically, each of the supportingmembers 2 c is formed from a bar-shaped member extending from near the lower end of the annular portion 2 a of thecombustion cylinder 2 toward the inside of the annular portion 2 a. The supportingmember 2 c is a little bent at the free end thereof toward the upper end of the annular portion 2 a. Also, the supportingmember 2 c is longitudinally hollow (as indicated with a reference numeral 2 d) from one end thereof to the other, allowing air to pass through. The supportingmember 2 c is connected at one end thereto to anair blower 9 which is an air source. Theair blower 9 is to supply air to thecombustion furnace 3. It blows air to the bottom of thecombustion furnace 3 through the inner space 2 d in the connected supportingmember 2 c to cool thecombustion furnace 3. - The
combustion furnace 3 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like to have the form of a bottomed cylinder. It is placed inside thecombustion cylinder 2. Thecombustion furnace 3 has formed therein near an open end 3 a thereof aninsertion hole 18 in which there is inserted asupply pipe assembly 17 through which waste oil, kerosene and air are supplied from the wasteoil supply unit 5,kerosene supply unit 6 andair supply unit 7, respectively, to thecombustion furnace 3. Thecombustion furnace 3 has a bottom 3 b on which there will be received the mist, not completely burned, of the fuels including the waste oil sprayed from thesupply pipe assembly 17. The fuels, including the waste oil on the bottom 3 b of thecombustion furnace 3, are heated in thecombustion furnace 3 for vaporization and burning. - The
ignition burner 4 is connected to thesupply pipe assembly 17. It uses kerosene, for example. Theignition burner 4 heats the inside of thecombustion furnace 3 to ignite waste oil so that the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 can start combustion or other operation with only the waste oil. It should be noted that theignition burner 4 is not limited to the above-mentioned type using kerosene but may be of a type using gas or the like. - The waste
oil supply unit 5 includes a firstwaste oil tank 19 in which waste oil is stored, a secondwaste oil tank 20 to which the waste oil is supplied from the firstwaste oil tank 19, aheater 21 provided inside the secondwaste oil tank 20 to heat the waste oil in the secondwaste oil tank 20, a wasteoil supply pipe 22 through which the waste oil is supplied from the secondwaste oil tank 20 into thecombustion furnace 3, a wasteoil pressure regulator 23 provided in the wasteoil supply pipe 22 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil supplied from the secondwaste oil tank 20, and a waste oil supply/stop valve 24 to supply or stop the waste oil to thecombustion furnace 3. - The first
waste oil tank 19 stores waste oil as main fuel for use with the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. The secondwaste oil tank 20 is supplied with the waste oil from the firstwaste oil tank 19. Using a liquid level adjuster (not shown) including a float and needle, the secondwaste oil tank 20 stores the waste oil supplied from the firstwaste oil tank 19 under a constant pressure. Inside the secondwaste oil tank 20, there is provided aheater 21 that heats the waste oil in the tank to lower the viscosity of the waste oil. Theheater 21 is of a well-known type, and its operation is controlled by thecontroller 10. Water is supplied to the inner space 11 of thecombustion cylinder 2 and given the heat of combustion in thecombustion furnace 3. The water thus heated is circulated through thewater outlet 13 to the secondwaste oil tank 20 in which it further heats the waste oil being heated by theheater 21. At this time, thecontroller 10 makes a selection between the heat exchange by the discharged hot water from thecombustion cylinder 2 and the operation of theheater 21 in response to the operational status of thecombustion furnace 3. - Note that for a lower viscosity of the waste oil in the second
waste oil tank 20, the latter may not be arranged to be supplied with the hot water from thecombustion cylinder 2 as described above but may be provided in a position where it itself can be given the radiant heat from thecombustion furnace 3. - The waste
oil supply pipe 22 is connected to a fuel supply tube 29 (shown inFIG. 4 ), which will further be described later, in thesupply pipe assembly 17 to supply the waste oil from the secondwaste oil tank 20 to thecombustion furnace 3. The wasteoil pressure regulator 23 is provided in the wasteoil supply pipe 22 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil being supplied from the secondwaste oil tank 20 to thesupply pipe assembly 17. The wasteoil pressure regulator 23 is controlled by thecontroller 10 to regulate the pressure of the waste oil being supplied. The waste oil supply/stop valve 24 is provided in the wasteoil supply pipe 22 and downstream of the wasteoil pressure regulator 23 to adjust the supply of the waste oil from the secondwaste oil tank 20. Similarly to the wasteoil pressure regulator 23, the waste oil supply/stop valve 24 is operated (opened or closed) under the control of thecontroller 10. - Note that the waste
oil pressure regulator 23 and waste oil supply/stop valve 24 may not be arranged separately from each other as above but they may be of an integral structure capable of adjusting the supply of the waste oil through the wasteoil supply pipe 22 and regulating the pressure of the waste oil in the wasteoil supply pipe 22. - The
kerosene supply unit 6 includes akerosene tank 25 in which kerosene as auxiliary fuel is stored, akerosene supply pipe 26 to supply kerosene from thekerosene tank 25 into thecombustion furnace 3, akerosene pressure regulator 27 provided in thekerosene supply pipe 26 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene supplied from thekerosene tank 25, and a kerosene supply/stop valve 28 to supply or stop the kerosene to thecombustion furnace 3. - The
kerosene tank 25 stores kerosene as auxiliary fuel for the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. Thekerosene supply pipe 26 is connected to thefuel supply tube 29, which will further be described later, in thesupply pipe assembly 17 to supply the kerosene from thekerosene tank 25 to thecombustion furnace 3. Thekerosene pressure regulator 27 is provided in thekerosene supply pipe 26 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene being supplied from thekerosene tank 25 to thesupply pipe assembly 17. Thekerosene pressure regulator 27 is controlled by thecontroller 10 to regulate the pressure of the kerosene being supplied. The kerosene supply/stop valve 28 is provided in thekerosene supply pipe 26 and downstream of thekerosene pressure regulator 27 to adjust the supply of the kerosene from thekerosene tank 25. Similarly to thekerosene pressure regulator 27, the kerosene supply/stop valve 28 is operated (opened or closed) under the control of thecontroller 10. - Note that the
kerosene pressure regulator 27 and kerosene supply/stop valve 28 may not be arranged separately from each other as above but they may be of an integral structure capable of adjusting the supply of the kerosene through thekerosene supply pipe 26 and regulating the pressure of the kerosene in thekerosene supply pipe 26. - As shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4 , thesupply pipe assembly 17 includes afuel supply pipe 29 to which the wasteoil supply pipe 22 andkerosene supply pipe 26 are connected, anair supply pipe 30 having thefuel supply pipe 29 provided therein and which is supplied with air from theair supply unit 7, and aheat shielding plate 31 provided to cover a portion, near the free end, of theair supply pipe 30. Thesupply pipe assembly 17 is inserted in theinsertion hole 18 provided near the open end of thecombustion furnace 3 as shown inFIG. 3 to supply fuel (waste oil and kerosene) and air into thecombustion furnace 3. - The
insertion hole 18 is to have thesupply pipe assembly 17 inserted through it as above. It is formed so that thesupply pipe assembly 17 is held tangentially to the inner circumference of thecombustion furnace 3 as shown inFIG. 3A (cross-sectional view) and obliquely from above toward the bottom 3 b of thecombustion furnace 3 as will be seen inFIG. 3B (longitudinal-sectional view). This geometry is intended to swirl the fuel and air supplied from thesupply pipe assembly 17 for efficient burning. - The
fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the wasteoil supply pipe 22 andkerosene supply tube 26 to supply waste oil and kerosene into thecombustion furnace 3. It is connected at one end thereof to the wasteoil supply pipe 22 andkerosene supply pipe 26 to supply waste oil and kerosene as fuels into thecombustion furnace 3, and projected at the other end thereof into thecombustion furnace 3. - The
air supply pipe 30 is larger in inside diameter than thefuel supply pipe 29 and is laid coaxially with the latter. Theair supply pipe 30 is connected at one end thereof to theair supply unit 7 and projected at the other end into thecombustion furnace 3. Theair supply pipe 30 supplies air from theair supply unit 7 into thecombustion furnace 3. Also, the end, projected into thecombustion furnace 3, of theair supply pipe 30, is deeper in thecombustion furnace 3 than the corresponding end of thefuel supply pipe 29. The free end, projected into thecombustion furnace 3, of theair supply pipe 30, is somewhat reduced in inside diameter (as indicated with a reference numeral 30 a). The smaller-diameter end 30 a forms a Venturi tube that elevates the flow rate of supplied air to atomize waste oil etc. supplied from thefuel supply pipe 29 for spraying into thecombustion furnace 3. - The
heat shielding plate 31 covers the near free-end portion of theair supply pipe 30 to shield heat from thecombustion furnace 3 in order to prevent theair supply pipe 30 from being overheated. Theheat shielding plate 31 has anignition hole 32 through which flame is taken in from theignition burner 4. - The
ignition hole 32 is provided in such a position near the end portion, inside thecombustion furnace 3, of theheat shielding plate 31 that fuel from thefuel supply pipe 29 can be ignited by the flame from theignition burner 4. - The
air supply unit 7 is a blower connected to theair supply pipe 30 to supply combustion air into thecombustion furnace 3 and to atomize waste oil from thefuel supply pipe 29 for spraying into thecombustion furnace 3. - The
duct 8 is to supply the heat of combustion developed in thecombustion furnace 3 to a drying equipment which is located downstream of the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. Theduct 8 is annular and generally equal in diameter to thecombustion cylinder 2. It is bent for one and other ends thereof to form an angle of about 90 degrees between them. As shown, theduct 8 is of a double structure being hollow to have aninner space 33 formed therein as in thecombustion cylinder 2 and to which water is supplied. - The
duct 8 is connected at one end thereof to the bottom of thecombustion cylinder 2 and at the other end to arotary kiln 41 which will be described in detail later. Further, theduct 8 has awater inlet 34 provided at the peripheral surface thereof near the end at which it is connected to therotary kiln 41 and which communicates with theinner space 33, and a water outlet 35 provided at the peripheral surface thereof near the end at which it is connected to thecombustion cylinder 2 and which communicates with theinner space 33. Theduct 8 is connected at thewater inlet 34 thereof to awater supply unit 36 so that water is taken into theinner space 33 and discharged from the water outlet 35. The water thus filled in theinner space 33 of theduct 8 serves as a coolant to cool the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. Thewater supply unit 36 is of a well-known type, for example, a pump. - Note that the
water supply unit 36 that supplies water to theinner space 33 of theduct 8 may not be provided separately from thewater supply unit 14 that supplies water to the inner space 11 of thecombustion cylinder 2 as above but a single water supply unit may be used to supply water to theinner spaces 33 and 11. - The
controller 10 is to control the operation of the entire wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. More specifically, thecontroller 10 controls the supply rate and pressure of water oil from the wasteoil supply unit 5, those of kerosene from thekerosene supply unit 6, and supply rate etc. of air from theair supply unit 7. Thecontroller 10 includes a CPU (central processing unit), a memory and a timer, which are connected to each other via a bus or the like. The memory in thecontroller 10 has stored therein an operation timing program for each unit. The timer in thecontroller 10 counts a start time of each operation. CPU in thecontroller 10 counts a time count supplied from the timer, and controls the operation of each unit according to a corresponding program evoked from the memory. Thecontroller 10 is connected to theignition burner 4, wasteoil supply unit 5,kerosene supply unit 6,air supply unit 7,air blower 9,water supply units blower 16, etc. and controls outputs from these units. - Next, the operation for combustion of waste oil in the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1 constructed as having been explained above will be explained with reference toFIG. 5 . As shown, in step S1, the user turns on the power supply to -the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. In step S2, thecontroller 10 puts, into operation, theignition burner 4, wasteoil supply unit 5,kerosene supply unit 6,air supply unit 7 andblower 16. Then, waste oil, kerosene and air supplied to thecombustion furnace 3 are burned while being swirled down spirally along the inner surface of thecombustion furnace 3 toward the bottom 3 b and then swirled up from the bottom 3 b toward the open end of thecombustion furnace 3 as shown in FIG 3. - In step S3 the
controller 10 determines whether a predetermined time, for example, five minutes, has elapsed after each unit is put into operation in step S2. If thecontroller 10 has decided in step S3 that the predetermined time has not elapsed, it will repeat the operation in step S3. In case thecontroller 10 has decided that the predetermined time has elapsed, it will go to step S4. Each unit is operated for the predetermined time in step S3 in order to heat the inside thecombustion furnace 3 by theignition burner 4 to produce an atmosphere for easy combustion of the waste oil. - Next, in step S4, the
controller 10 controls thekerosene supply unit 6 to stop the supply of kerosene and theignition burner 4, to stop the operation. At this time, thecontroller 10 controls the wasteoil supply unit 5 andair supply unit 7 to keep operating. - Thus, in the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1, waste oil and air are supplied from the wasteoil supply unit 5 andair supply unit 7, respectively, into thecombustion furnace 3 so that only the waste oil will be burned as fuel. At this time, the waste oil, kerosene and air supplied from thesupply pipe assembly 17 into thecombustion furnace 3 of the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 are swirled down along the inner surface of thecombustion furnace 3 toward the bottom 3 b of thefurnace 3 and then swirled up from the bottom 3 b, which will assure efficient and stable combustion of the waste oil. Also, since the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 is so arranged that after elapse of the predetermined time, supply of the kerosene is stopped for combustion of the waste oil alone. Thus, it is possible to limit the consumption of the kerosene. Further in the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1, theblower 16 blows air into the space between thecombustion cylinder 2 andcombustion furnace 3 from the upper end toward lower end of thecombustion cylinder 2 to guide the heat of combustion and flame in thecombustion furnace 3 into the duct 8 (as indicated with a reference symbol A inFIG. 1 ). - In the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1, with the fuels and air being supplied into thecombustion furnace 3 from thesupply pipe assembly 17 provided at a predetermined angle in relation to thecombustion furnace 3, the waste oil can be burned more efficiently and positively. Also, since during operation of the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1, namely, during combustion of the waste oil, thecombustion furnace 3,combustion cylinder 2,duct 8, etc. are cooled while theair blower 9 andwater supply units controller 10 of the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 can lower the viscosity of the waste oil by controlling the operation of theheater 21 of the wasteoil supply unit 5, it is possible to assure efficient and positive combustion of the waste oil. - Moreover in the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1, since it is possible to burn the waste oil efficiently and stably, the heat of combustion can be utilized for various purposes. - For one of such purposes, the
rotary kiln 41 may be connected to the downstream of the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 having been explained above, namely, to the end of theduct 8 to build a drying system for metal chips resulted from machining. This drying system can effectively utilize waste oil to dry the metal chips for recycling. - The rotary kiln connected to the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1 will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In therotary kiln 41,metal chips 44 resulted from machining, fed from on abelt conveyor 42 into afeeding hopper 43, are guided by means of aspiral conveyor 45 into arotary kiln body 51, and then heated with hot air introduced into anouter casing 56 of therotary kiln body 51 from an end of the latter opposite to thefeeding hopper 43 of therotary kiln body 51, as shown inFIG. 6 . Therotary kiln 41 includes asupport base 52, arotary kiln body 51 supported on thesupport base 52 by means ofsupport rollers 53 provided on thesupport base 52, and amotor 54 to rotate therotary kiln body 51. - The
support base 52 is made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like. The plurality ofsupport rollers 53,motor 54, etc. are fixed in place on the top of thesupport base 52. It supports therotary kiln body 51 on contact with thesupport rollers 53. - The
support rollers 53 on thesupport base 52 are to support therotary kiln body 51 rotatably. For example, foursupport rollers 53 may be provided on thesupport base 52. - The
rotary kiln body 51 rotatably supported on thesupport rollers 53 is of a double structure including theouter casing 56 and aninner casing 55 provided in theouter casing 56 as shown inFIGS. 6 to 8 . - The
inner casing 55 of therotary kiln body 51 is made of heat resistant steel or the like to be generally cylindrical. At one end 55 a of theinner casing 55, there is provided thespiral conveyor 45 into whichmetal chips 44 to be dried are put. Theinner casing 55 is supplied at theother end 55 b thereof with the heat of combustion from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. Also, theinner casing 55 has provided on theinner surface 55 c thereof a plurality offirst feed vanes 57 that move themetal chips 44 fed from thespiral conveyor 45 in a direction from the one end 55 a to theother end 55 b as shown inFIGS. 7 to 9 . - The
first feed vanes 57 are provided intermittently on theinner surface 55 c of theinner casing 55 to project inwardly of the latter and depict a virtual spiral extending from the one end 55 a toward theother end 55 b. Thefirst feed vanes 57 are fixed obliquely in a direction in which rotation of theinner casing 55 converts circumferential motion into axial motion Theinner casing 55 is rotated along with theouter casing 56, so that thefirst feed vanes 57 move themetal chips 44 put in theinner casing 55 in a direction from the one end 55 a to theother end 55 b while shaking them Thefirst feed vanes 57 are intermittently disposed in order to forward the heat of combustion supplied from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 in a direction toward the one end 55 a of theinner casing 55. - The
outer casing 56 having theinner casing 55 provided therein made of a heat resistant steel plate or the like to be generally cylindrical. Theouter casing 56 is large enough in diameter to house theinner casing 55, and provided concentrically with theinner casing 55. One end 56 a of theouter casing 56 is opposite to the one end 56 a. As shown inFIG. 2 , theouter casing 56 has provided on theinner surface 56 c thereof a plurality ofsecond feed vanes 58 that take in the heat of combustion from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 and move, to the other end 56 b of theouter casing 56, themetal chips 44 which are to be passed from theother end 55 b of theinner casing 55 to the other end 56 b of theouter casing 56. - The
second feed vanes 58 are provided intermittently on theinner surface 56 c of theouter casing 56 to project inwardly of the latter and depict a virtual spiral extending from the one end 56 a toward the other end 56 b. Thesecond feed vanes 58 are fixed obliquely in a direction in which rotation of theouter casing 56 converts circumferential motion into axial motion Thesecond feed vanes 58 are directed crosswise in relation to thefirst feed vanes 57. Theouter casing 56 is rotated along with theinner casing 55 to move, by thesecond feed vanes 58, themetal chips 44 transferred from theinner casing 55 in a direction from the other end 56 b to the one end 56 a while shaking them. Similarly to thefirst feed vanes 57, thesecond feed vanes 58 are intermittently disposed in order to forward the heat of combustion supplied from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 in a direction toward the one end 56 a of theouter casing 56. Theouter casing 56 further has provided on theouter surface 56 d thereof rings 59 which are received on thesupport rollers 53, and atransmission member 61 that transmits the driving force from themotor 54 to therotary kiln body 51 through achange belt 60. - The
rings 59 are positioned on theouter surface 56 d of theouter casing 56 for engagement on thesupport rollers 53. Thetransmission member 61 is annular to extend over theouter surface 56 d of theouter casing 56, and positioned to face themotor 54. It is a kind of rack, for example, which is in mesh with thechain belt 60. - The
rotary kiln body 51, having the double structure including the inner andouter casings coupling member 62 to each other to be concentric with each other. Thecoupling member 62 is to couple the inner andouter casings inner casing 55, whereby rotation of theouter casing 56 by themotor 54 leads to similar rotation of theinner casing 55. In therotary kiln body 51, since the direction of thefirst feed vanes 57 spirally provided in theinner casing 55 is different from that of thesecond feed vanes 58 also spirally provided in theouter casing 56, themetal chips 44 in theinner casing 55 and those in theouter casing 56 can be moved in different directions with the inner andouter casings - Note that the
coupling member 62 may not be provided in a limited place such as the one end 55 a of theinner casing 55 but may take any form or may be provided in more than one place so long as it can securely couple the inner andouter casings - The
spiral conveyor 45 to feed the to-be-dried metal chips 44 to the one end 55 a of theinner casing 55 is generally cylindrical. It has provided therein avane 63 that moves the suppliedmetal chips 44. Thespiral conveyor 45 has connected thereto amotor 64 that rotates thevane 63. Thespiral conveyor 45 has thefeeding hopper 43 installed at one end 45 a thereof, and is inserted at theother end 45 b thereof in the one end 55 a of theinner casing 55. Thevane 63 of thespiral conveyor 45 extends spirally to move themetal chips 44 from the one end 45 a toward theother end 45 b. - Note that the
spiral conveyor 45 may not be constructed as above but may be of any structure so long as it can move themetal chips 44 into theinner casing 55. - The
feeding hopper 43 installed to thespiral conveyor 45 is to feed themetal chips 44 to thespiral conveyor 45. Thefeeding hopper 43 has, for example, a vibrator etc. (not shown) and feeds a predetermined amount of themetal chips 44 to thespiral conveyor 45 under the effect of vibration given by the vibrator. - The
rotary kiln 41 further has ablower 65 for cooling the surface of therotary kiln body 51, that is, theouter surface 56 d of theouter casing 56, and ablower 66 for cooling themetal ships 44 already dried and going to be discharged from therotary kiln body 51 at the one end 56 a of theouter casing 56 while forwarding the heat of combustion from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 into therotary kiln body 51. Therotary kiln 41 also has provided at the one end 56 a of the outer casing 56 aduct 67 which guides air from theblower 66. - In the
rotary kiln 41 constructed as above, themotor 54 is driven to rotate therotary kiln body 51 and take in the heat of combustion from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 into therotary kiln body 51 from the other end 56 b of theouter casing 56. In this condition, themetal chips 44 are fed by thespiral conveyor 45 from the one end 55 a of theinner casing 55, and shaken and moved by thefirst feed vanes 57 from the one end 55 a to theother end 55 b while being heated. At theother end 55 b of theinner casing 55, themetal chips 44 take a position near the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 which is a heat source, and thus dried and transferred to the other end 56 b of theouter casing 56. Further, themetal chips 44 are shaken and moved by thesecond feed vanes 58 from the other end 56 b to one end 56 a of theouter casing 56. That is, they are moved away from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 which is the heat source, while gradually releasing the heat. Finally, themetal chips 44 thus heated and dried are discharged from the one end 56 a of theouter casing 56. - In the above
rotary kiln 41, since themetal chips 44 are dried in both forward and backward ways, therotary kiln body 51 can be designed shorter in whole length. Therefore, therotary kiln 41 can be formed smaller. The reduction in whole length of therotary kiln body 51 of therotary kiln 41 permits to have the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1 operate with a lower output. Further, in therotary kiln 41, since the first andsecond feed vanes oil combustion apparatus 1 at the one ends 55 a and 56 a of the inner andouter casings other end 55 b. - Moreover, since the inner and
outer casings rotary kiln 41 are coupled to each other by thecoupling member 62, they can be rotated by asingle motor 54, which contributes to power saving. - Also, a drying apparatus including the waste
oil combustion apparatus 1 androtary kiln 41 connected to each can use waste oil as main fuel to dry themetal chips 44. Namely, the embodiment of the present invention permits more effective use of resources and space saving. - Note that the first and
second feed vanes rotary kiln body 51. More specifically, thefirst feed vanes 57 are designed to have an increased height and tilt angle at the one end 55 a for moving themetal chips 44 toward theother end 55 b at an increased speed, while having a decreased height and tilt angle at theother end 55 b for having themetal chips 44 stay for a longer time to be long exposed to the heat of combustion from the wasteoil combustion apparatus 1. - It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur depending on design requirements and other factors insofar as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A waste oil combustion apparatus comprising:
a bottomed cylindrical combustion furnace;
a waste oil supplying means for supplying a waste oil into the combustion furnace;
an auxiliary-fuel supplying means for supplying an auxiliary fuel for burning the waste oil in the combustion furnace;
an ignition means for heating the combustion furnace inside and the waste oil and auxiliary fuel to ignite the fuels;
an air supplying means for supplying air to the combustion furnace; and
a controller for controlling each of the igniting means, waste oil supplying means, auxiliary-fuel supplying means and air supplying means to act at a predetermined time and operate for a predetermined time,
the waste oil supplying means supplying the waste oil in such a manner that the latter is spirally swirled inside the combustion furnace under the action of air supplied from the air supplying means.
2. The waste oil combustion apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the waste oil supply means and air supplying means supply the waste oil and air, respectively, from near an open end of the combustion furnace in such a manner that the waste oil and air are spirally swirled down along the inner surface of the combustion furnace toward the bottom of the combustion furnace.
3. The waste oil combustion apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the waste oil supplying means further includes a pressure regulator for supplying the waste oil into the combustion furnace under a predetermined pressure, and a heater that uses the heat of combustion from the combustion furnace to heat the waste oil.
4. The waste oil combustion apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the waste oil supplying means further includes a pressure regulator for supplying the waste oil into the combustion furnace under a predetermined pressure, and a heater that uses the heat of combustion from the combustion furnace to heat the waste oil.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JPP2007-052837 | 2007-03-02 | ||
JP2007052837A JP2008215700A (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2007-03-02 | Waste oil combustion device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090000530A1 true US20090000530A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
Family
ID=39835944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/127,703 Abandoned US20090000530A1 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2008-05-27 | Waste oil combustion apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090000530A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008215700A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016049326A1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-03-31 | Intellergy, Inc. | Compact and maintainable waste reformation apparatus |
WO2016055511A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Incineration of waste |
US11255540B2 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2022-02-22 | Catherine J. Chagnot | Crude and waste oil burner |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5758338B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2015-08-05 | 株式会社クボタ | Working machine |
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US5156098A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1992-10-20 | William W. Bailey | Two chamber burner apparatus for destroying waste liquids |
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JPS5234577A (en) * | 1975-09-11 | 1977-03-16 | Tadashi Han | Waste oil purifying and heating device |
JPS5546922A (en) * | 1978-09-30 | 1980-04-02 | Riyuusaku Doino | Method of burying insert in case of pc block molding |
JPH07107442B2 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1995-11-15 | 加藤 護 | Combustion equipment for animal and vegetable oil and waste oil |
JPH0820066B2 (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1996-03-04 | 哲人 田村 | PCB waste oil combustion treatment method |
JPH1047637A (en) * | 1996-07-29 | 1998-02-20 | Toshio Yoshida | Injectable waste oil incineration system and non-injectable waste oil incineration system |
JP3573320B2 (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 2004-10-06 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | Industrial waste incinerator and injection nozzle used in the incinerator |
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- 2007-03-02 JP JP2007052837A patent/JP2008215700A/en active Pending
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2008
- 2008-05-27 US US12/127,703 patent/US20090000530A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US4316878A (en) * | 1979-02-08 | 1982-02-23 | Nittetu Chemical Engineering Ltd. | Method for the combustive treatment of waste fluids containing nitrogen compounds |
US4634054A (en) * | 1983-04-22 | 1987-01-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Split nozzle tip for pulverized coal burner |
US5451160A (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1995-09-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Burner configuration, particularly for gas turbines, for the low-pollutant combustion of coal gas and other fuels |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2016049326A1 (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2016-03-31 | Intellergy, Inc. | Compact and maintainable waste reformation apparatus |
US10710043B2 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2020-07-14 | Raven Sr, Llc | Compact and maintainable waste reformation apparatus |
US11179693B2 (en) | 2014-09-24 | 2021-11-23 | Raven Sr, Inc. | Compact and maintainable waste reformation apparatus |
WO2016055511A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Incineration of waste |
US11255540B2 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2022-02-22 | Catherine J. Chagnot | Crude and waste oil burner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008215700A (en) | 2008-09-18 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: FUJITA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD., JAPAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SYUICHIRO FUJITA;REEL/FRAME:021737/0178 Effective date: 20080526 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |