US2008273A - Ultra rapid printing telegraph - Google Patents

Ultra rapid printing telegraph Download PDF

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Publication number
US2008273A
US2008273A US687756A US68775633A US2008273A US 2008273 A US2008273 A US 2008273A US 687756 A US687756 A US 687756A US 68775633 A US68775633 A US 68775633A US 2008273 A US2008273 A US 2008273A
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United States
Prior art keywords
frequencies
tube
relay
frequency
relays
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Expired - Lifetime
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US687756A
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English (en)
Inventor
Chireix Henri
Goudet Hugues
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Thales SA
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CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L17/00—Apparatus or local circuits for transmitting or receiving codes wherein each character is represented by the same number of equal-length code elements, e.g. Baudot code
    • H04L17/16—Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end
    • H04L17/30—Apparatus or circuits at the receiving end using electric or electronic translation

Definitions

  • the present invention is concerned with a printing telegraph useful in connection with telegraph cables and in radioelectric communication work.
  • the present system is to be used in large traffic multiplex operation,
  • each letter or signal is characterized by the simultaneous transmission, in the form of a dash of fixed length, of two currents of diiferent acoustic frequencies chosen from among a certain possible number, say, 10 to 12. It is combinations in pairs of two simple frequencies which characterize the signal, and not the duration or number of transmissions of currentas in the Morse code or the position of these transmissions in reference to an origin as in the Baudot system. It may be noted here that in order to obtain additional signals also simple frequencies may be used.
  • the signals are, as a matter of fact, characterized by transmissions of any desired fixed length of one or of two frequencies (simple or combined).
  • Each key of a keyboard is controlled or actuated by a lever doubly locked in the inoperative position by two pawls and held in addition by a cam against the action of a retractile spring.
  • the said pawls mounted upon shafts are controlled by electromagnets actuated in response to selective circuits tuned to acoustic frequencies (audio) chosen for the code. 7
  • One important feature of the invention resides in the use, for the object of controlling the various electromagnets, of grid equipped tubes based upon ionization for their operation, to be more precise, tubes known to those skilled in the art as 5 an ionized gas relay with a control electrode Whose working differs but very slightly from triodes operating with a very high vacuum. It will be remembered that in an ionization tube fitted with a grid, if the grid is relativelynegative and 10 if a positive D. C. potential even'of high value, say, v, is applied to the plate, the tube will not be flashed and the current consequently is of zero value.
  • the grid is raised to a relatively positive po- 15 tential known as the starting or flashing potential the tube will be flashed and rendered luminescent; the plate current assumes a value only governed by the resistance of the external circuit and preserves this value up till the instant 20 when the plate current is cut off. If the signal has stopped in the grid when the plate circuit is remade the plate current will not be restored.
  • the time required for the cutting of the plate circuit may be very short (of 25 an order of one thousandth of a second or even less) It can thus be understood how useful tubes of this kind are in the work here considered.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mechanical arrangement associated with a schematic circuit 50 diagram.
  • Fig. 2 is a detailed showing of one of the lever arrangements shown by Fig. l.
  • Fig. 3 is a detailed showing ofanother modification of one of the levers.
  • Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the relay arrangement.
  • Fig. 5 is a detailed circuit diagram of two gas tubes and two corresponding relays.
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an arrangement wherein a plurality of frequencies is produced by tube-type generators of variable frequencies.
  • Figure 1 shows at the instant of the striking of a letter the disposition of areceiver connected with a definite brush of the distributer l turning in synchronism with a similar distributor mounted at the sending end.
  • the musical (of) currents are fed through transformer 2 and across resistances 3 to selective circuits 4 each thereof being tuned to one of the possible frequencies of the combinations that are used.
  • the circuit scheme relates to tubes whose flashing grid potential would be slightly positive. If this is not so a biasing cell common to all of the tubes may keep the grids at a lower potential close to the starting or flashing potential.
  • the plate circuits of these tubes each contain a relay 6 actuating directly 2. line of pawls mounted upon shafts as indicated at 1.
  • the joint return is established by'the break 8 being in the form of an insulating sector upon the periphery of a rotating drum built of metal and with which two brushes are in frictional engagement.
  • the part played by the said break 8 as has been pointed out is to suppress the ionization in the tubes 5 when relays have been actuated and the signal been struck. 9 finally denotes the joint plate battery.
  • the bars I carrying characters and mounted along a circular arc upon the pivoting axis or fulcrum are controlled by rodlets I I and I 8 and the levers I9 having recesses for the pawls 2
  • Levers I9 are subjected to the action of springs 22, the cam 23 being integral with the spindle l3 restores the levers l9 upon each turn.
  • the said shaft l3 also controls by the intermediary'of a Maltese cross or Geneva stop-24 a whole transmission system 25 which by the agency of the cylinder 26 and friction shoe 21 causesthe forward feed of the paper 28 during the intervals between signals and after each striking.
  • the said cylinder by the intermediary of the transmission 29 causes also the feeding of the endless inking ribbon 30 constantly passing over the inker 3
  • Figure 2 shows at (a) one of the levers I 9 in the restoring position and at (b) the same lever released by the displacement of the cam. 23 and the simultaneously raising of two pawls 2i and 2
  • Figure 3 shows finally a modification based should be released by the action of a signal of this frequency, but in the presence of only this frequency, that is to say, not combined with another frequency.
  • the lever I9 is locked in a state of inoperation by a pawl 2
  • such telegraph receiver may be constructed by using a common typewriter, preferably electrically actuated, in which the energy used for printing each letter is delivered by an electric motor, without that such typewriter has to be modified and owing to the only addition of a special case containing as many printing relays as there are keys on the key board. In such a case, use may even be made of the changeover from letters to figures" or. to capital letters, as well as of the special key for shifting the carriage back.
  • FIG 1 by keeping the same electrical diagram, that is the same circuits and parts numbered I, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 (the distributor I is provided only if the transmission is to be made on the multiplex principle) instead of the relays such as 6 assuming a mechanical task, they are only provided with electrical contacts which are closed when the ionized gas valves 5 are flashed.
  • Figure 4 shows the electrical disposition of the circuits closed by such contact.
  • (a) means contacts on the first of the relays 6;
  • (b) means contacts on the second relay 6; (0) means contacts on the third relay etc. It is then visible that-the key actuating relays numbered I, 2, 3, l etc., on Figure 4; can only be actuated if two contacts pertaining to two different relays 8 of Figure l, have been actuated.
  • key 2 will be-actuated by. means of relay l0 when contacts (a) and (c), pertaining to the first and third relaysi of Figure 1, respectively, have been actuated.
  • valve lll is suppressed and the de-ionization of the ionized gas tubes 5 is effected through relay 43, the contacts of which normally close the plate circuit of these valves (battery 44) and open it only during the very short time corresponding to the stroke from one contact to the other, this operation accomplishing the function provided by the cutting-oil in B.
  • the operation is thus, evidently, the same as described in relation with Figure 1, contacts a, b, c, etcu. having the same function as the pawls.
  • Thechassis may be shifted back, when desired, by means of a relay, such as shown in l to 42 for actuating the corresponding key of the machine.
  • the two simultaneous frequencies are produced by two tube-type generators of variable frequency I and II ( Figure 6) which embody an invention of one of the applicants forming the object of the copending application Ser. No.
  • One of the applications in question ' would consist of a generator of currents of variable frequency and controllable by means of a direct current and it has there been disclosed that when applying to a tube generator a reaction potenthe potential set up in its circuit, the reaction thus occasioned results in action upon the transmitted frequency.
  • Tube I connected to act as a wave generator in any desired circuit scheme known in the art, by way of one of the secondary windings of transformer 2 excites an output tube 3-.
  • the transmitted frequency may be controlled by the amount of the grid polari- -zation of tube 4 also excited by another one of the secondary'windings of transformer 2.
  • the currents amplified by tube 4 are transmitted (fed) to tube 5, the reactance of inductance 6 being sufficiently low in value so that the currents will be substantially out of phase to an amount equal to 1r/2.
  • the currents amplified by tube 5 are returned byway of the third one of the secondary windings oi transformer 2 in the oscillation generating circuit.
  • the frequency produced hasa well defined value, the latter varying in a substantially linear manner with the amplification of tube 4, the direction of. the variation (increase or decrease of frequency) being related with the sense of the dephased reaction 1r/2 and which may be either lagging or leading.
  • the biasing of the tube 4 startingfrom an. initial condition governed by the cell 1 is itself a function of the fall of potential across the terminals of the resistance 6, the said voltage .drop in turn being governed by the current flowing through the circuit constituted by the mass (ground) cell ID, the central rim of a distributer III, contacts ll of a transmitter with a punched band IV and associated resistances l2.
  • the transformer l4 common to both tubes 3 works into and feeds directly the outgoing line.
  • Transmitter IV itself is preferably designed in accordance with an arrangement similar to that disclosed in the United States Patent No. 1,893,159.
  • the cam of the transmitter should be in a position such as described above in item 2 at the instant where connection is established by the central rim of the distributer III, and for this purpose it is necter should be energized a certain length of time before and for a duration sufiicient so as to enable it to do its work; it is for this object that the control circuit of this transmitter comprises the ground, cell I8, left rim of the distributer, the electromagnet I5 here concerned and the regulating resistance IS.
  • the small device provided at l1 insures the stopping of the transmitter by the short circuiting of the relay in the absence of perforated tape in the transmitter. It will be understood that there are as many fixed brushes upon the two rims on the left of the distributer III as there are telegraph channels; in other words, transmitters such as indicated at IV, 12 in the example here chosen.
  • Heterodyne I and II serve for all of the channels and for this purpose the point that is not grounded of resistances 8 is associated in an independent manner with all of the transmitters IV.
  • Synchronism between the distributors at the sending and at the receiving ends is insured by the very signals that are transmitted, and the length and the cadence thereof are fixed.
  • the outgoing distributer III is fitted with a third rim (on the right) which will cause the short circuiting of the transmission periodically in a way so as to mark the working times and the inoperative periods.
  • the signals themselves may thus actuate directly .a phonic wheel at the incoming end.
  • the perforated tape is made .to control directly the transmission or output of independent generators corresponding to deflnite frequencies just as it would be conceive arather great number of constructional modifications for the receiver equipment.
  • variable frequency generators II and II Whenever multiplex transmission is not aimed at the equipment at the sending end may be restricted to variable frequency generators II and II, these being actuated by a simple keyboard type contactor to take the place of the transmitter IV. Contacts H are then effected manually by the pounding of the operator.
  • a printing telegraph receiver for extrarapid signals each formed bymeans of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal, said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means and means to actuate said type carrying means according to twin frequencies signals, said actuating means comprising two windings, each of them energized by means of a selective release relay acting under the effect of a predetermined frequency.
  • a printing telegraph receiver for extrarapid signals each formed by means of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal
  • said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means and means to actuate said type carrying means according to twin frequencies signals, said actuating means comprising two windings, each of them energized by means of an ionized gas tube with control grid, the input circuits of each of said tubes being adapted to selectively receive energy of a predetermined frequency, and means toopen the output circuits of said tubes after the operation of the corresponding type carrying means.
  • 31A printing telegraph receiver for extra-rapid signals each formed by means of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal, said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means and means to lock the control system of each of said type carrying means, and means to actuate said type carrying means according relays for supplying current when a signal frequency impulse is applied to their input, this current being thereafter supplied even after the impulse has ceased, and means for interrupting the supply of current from the output of said relay.
  • a printing telegraph receiver for extrarapid signals each formed by means of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal, said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means some of which are adapted to be actuated by means of only one frequency, means for locking the control means of these last type carriers and windings associated with said locking means, each of them energized by means of a selective release relay working under the efiect of a different frequency, one of said windings corresponding to a predetermined frequency and releasing the locking means of the control means of one type carrier, while the other windings lock the same control means, when they are excited.
  • a printing telegraph receiver for extra-rapid signals each formed by means of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal, said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means and means to actuate said type carrying means according to twin frequencies signals, said actuating means comprising two windings, each of them energized by'means of a selective release relay acting under the effect of a predetermined frequency, the said windings controlling two series connected contacts in the circuit of one relay in the control system of one type-carrier.
  • a printing telegraph receiver for extra-rapid signals each formed by means of at most two superimposed frequencies simultaneously sent during a time interval non-characteristic of the signal, said receiver comprising in combination: a type writing machine provided with type carrying means and means to actuate said type carrying means according to twin frequencies signals, said actuating means comprising two windings, each of them energized by means of a selective release relay each of said relays acting under the effect of a predetermined frequency, means to re-set the system to rest after the operation of each type-carrier and means to shift forward the paper and the ink tape of the typewriter, said shifting means being controlled by means of a non-selective relay energized by the received wave.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
US687756A 1933-05-11 1933-09-01 Ultra rapid printing telegraph Expired - Lifetime US2008273A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR43927T 1933-05-11

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US2008273A true US2008273A (en) 1935-07-16

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US687756A Expired - Lifetime US2008273A (en) 1933-05-11 1933-09-01 Ultra rapid printing telegraph

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US (1) US2008273A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE398432A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (3) FR757531A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB410663A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2472885A (en) * 1940-07-19 1949-06-14 Barber Colman Co Automatic multiple stage telegraph system
US2977416A (en) * 1950-12-11 1961-03-28 Nat Res Dev Electric signalling systems
US3084219A (en) * 1958-12-30 1963-04-02 Bell & Gossett Co Printing telegraph selectrive signaling system

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE953177C (de) * 1953-01-11 1956-11-29 Siemens Ag Telegraphischer Streifenschreiber, insbesondere fuer die Aufzeichnung von nach einemBildpunktrastersystem zerlegten Schriftzeichen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2472885A (en) * 1940-07-19 1949-06-14 Barber Colman Co Automatic multiple stage telegraph system
US2977416A (en) * 1950-12-11 1961-03-28 Nat Res Dev Electric signalling systems
US3084219A (en) * 1958-12-30 1963-04-02 Bell & Gossett Co Printing telegraph selectrive signaling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR43571E (fr) 1934-07-11
GB410663A (en) 1934-05-24
FR43927E (fr) 1934-09-19
FR757531A (fr) 1933-12-28
BE398432A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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