US2008194A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

my 11,193; E. F TEQHMER BUILDING CONSTRUCTION www@ Filed Feb. 5, 1932 2 Sheets-Snet l N o CM EO TC G Fm .D Eu U B my il@ n35.,

Filed Feb. 5, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /fva/f/v 70E 15 7: TEM/Mme T/VEXS Patented July 16, 1935 PATENT OFFICE t BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Ewald lrank` Techmr, Chicago, Ill,

Application February 5, 1932, Serial No. 591,068 somma (01.72-101) My invention relates. toA building construction, and includes among its; objects and advantages the. provision of improvedground,

Inr theaccompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is. a perspective view in section` show,- ing a wall embodying my ground; Figure 2 .isa sectional view of a ground;

Figure 3n is a sectional, vieW illustrating one method of fastening `the ground` to, its supporting 1 0 structure;

' Figure 4 is an elevationV of the structureshown inFigure 3;

`Figure 5I is a different forni of ground associated with a device for holding the ground While 1,5 the latterisbeng fastened to `its supporting structure;

Figure 6 is anelevation of the structure shown in Figure 5; and

Figure Tis a sectional, view of a 'carpet strip according to the invention.

In the embodimentselected; to illustrate the invention, I make use of' a door I0 upon which a Wall l2 is, erected. The Wall comprises a core I4 having plaster coats lEj. Theusualjbaseboards |18 and trim 20' and 22 `are associated with the wall adjacent the door l0. The above-described structure is old in the art and; forms vno Vpartofjmy invention.

In Figure 1, I have illustrated grounds 2# and 26 as being incorporated'in the Wall to provide means to which the baseboards i8, andthe trim 20 and 22- may be fastened. The groundsare formed from initially plastic material Which, when cured, has nail receiving properties, thus permitting the baseboards andy the trim to be nailed to, the grounds. One `formulaby volume for making the ground is as fol1ows:

Per cent Magnesium oxide 30 4,0 Wood or other ller s T 60 i Asbestos l 5 Clay f 5 To this- I'4 add a magnesium chloride solution havinga specific gravity of 22 Baume. In lieu of the magnesium chloride solution, I may use mag... f

nesium sulphate having one percent of sodium citrate added andthe mass dissolved in Water-to makeup a solution having a specific gravity of 28 Baume.

I have found that various llers may be employed such as straw, cork, and other fibrous materials. The ground is molded from the plastic composition and cured by drying. This' ground may be severed by ordinary tools such as caragainst the groundfThus, the ground. will be -wrapperto the ground.` This is alsotrue ofA the of the ground, and" these edges are providedvvith peuters saws 4and. Wood chisels. At the same time, the ground embodies high re resisting properties.

In Figure 2, I have shown an enlarged view of one of the grounds 24. The ground comprises 5 a body 28 molded from the composition above described, and a reenforcing Wrapper 3i] comprising fabric or Wirescreen. The Wrapper Suis embedded in the top of the body 28 and also in its edges 3 2 and extends beyond the edges for providing 10 iiapsd. f

These iiaps function as anchors for the ground, as illustrated in Figure 1 In other Words, the flaps are fastened to the core Il] and embedded inY the plaster 16, thus firmly anchoring the ground in place. It Will be noted that the edges 32 are inclined so that the angle between the edges and the aps 34', when the latter are fas- `tened tothe core i0, define. an obtuse'angle.

This permits the plaster to be easily Worked 20 iirmlyv anchored `in `the plasterLWhen 'the latter has hardened. At the saine time', such an angle makes'it easy for the plastererto nish the plaster coatflush with the top or exposed surface ofthe ground; A strip 36 is embedded in the base of the ground', as shown in Figure 2. This strip is made from the same material as the Wrapper 30g In addition to providing anchor means for the ground, the wrapper reenforces the ground in such a Way that nails may be driven into the ground close to its edges Without crackingjor chipping the ground; I have also found that additional re'enforcing strips may be molded into 5 the ground aswell as around it; j

The Wrapper will, of course, be completely embedded in the plastic material during the molding of the ground, thus securely fastening the strip 36. rI-he latter cooperatesvvith the Wrap- 40 per 3|?y forreenforcing the ground and' prevents `warping ofthe ground during curing which might occur inthe absence offthe strip.

Referringagain to Figure l, it Will' be. noted thatthe vgrounds 26 have across-sectional coni tour ydiierent from thegrounds 24;

The lower edges of these grounds are arranged at right-angles to the top and bottom surfaces grooves 38 for receiving sticking such as plaster 40. The bases of the grounds 28 are depressed, as at 42, for receiving sticking. These grounds have a single iiap 44 which functions in the same Way as the flaps 34. It Will be noted 55 vto the wall structure.

grounds to the oor I0, and that the sticking in the grooves 38 provides effective resistance against movement of the ground away from the core I4. The sticking in the depressions 42 eiectively hold the grounds against shifting in an upward direction, while the flaps 44 firmly hold the ground against downward movement.

In Figures 3 and 4, I have illustrated one method of sticking the grounds to the unfinished wall preparatory to plastering. The base of the ground is covered with sticking 46 and is pressed y against the wall structure 48. The ilaps are` flattened against the face of the wall-structure and attached thereto by small batches of sticking 50. The sticking 50 provides tentative anchorage `for the ground until such time as Vthe plaster coats may be applied.

Referring to Figures and 6, I have shown a` to while held in a perfectly straight condition 'and in proper alignment with the wall. Y

A surplus of sticking may be applied to the ground, which surplus provides compensation for the usual irregularities in the wall structure. `In other words, the ground, after being provided ywith sticking, is pressed firmly against the wall to a position where the top surface will define the thickness of the plaster to be applied, and in being thus positioned, squeezing out the surplus sticking. The members 58 are sufficiently flexible to permit the holding device to be `easily disassembled from the ground after it has been fastened to the wall.

In wall structures where the irregularities are 'of such magnitude that a ground of given depth may be too .thin for certain portions of the wall and too great at other portions, I have found that grounds of different dimensions may be associated with the device illustrated in Figure 5 to 'the end that a perfectly straight surfaceis provided for the plaster.

of the grounds at the same distance from the exposed surface.

In-Figure '7, I have illustrated-a carpet strip 64 kconstructed in accordance with my invention. lThis strip is provided with a reenforcing wrapper 66 having one flap 68 which may be fastened Sticking fastens the carpet strip to the floor 12. Should additional anchorage bevdesired, I'provide openings I4 in 'the floor for receiving anchors Iiiv molded into the carpet strip. The hole 'I4 is filled with the sticking 1U, thereby firmly securing the an- :chor A'16. l

i that' the sticking 4u ties the iower' edges of the tion are not only reenforced against chipping or craking when nails or screws are forcedv therein, but are also reenforced against breaking into pieces. Furthermore, should a ground be accidentally broken, the pieces will be tied together by reason of the reenforcements. The construction also permits the manufacture of grounds relatively small in cross-sectional area, thereby providing a construction which may be easily bent into perfect alignment should any warpage occur. The ground is easily fastened to metal lath by simply applying plaster to the lath and anchoring the ground therein. This eliminates the necessityfor wiring the ground to the lath. I t will be understood that the ground may be located in different places in the wall structure. The ground may also be positioned vertically at any desired angle. All the different types may be provided with anchors such as that shown at 'f6 in Figure 7. ,When so constructed, the ground maybe associated with cementor brick walls. Ordinarily, sticking will suflice for fastening the ground to brick surfaces, but in cases where the ground must support heavy loads I have found that anchors 16 vmay beemployedto advantage.

Without further elaboration thev foregoingvwill so fully explain my invention that others may, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt the same for use under various conditions .of service.

I claim:

1. In a building wall, a supporting floor, a core erected thereon, an upper ground and a lower ground, said lower ground having one edge provided with a depression and positioned adjacent the iioor, a binding material between said edge and the fioor and between one side of the ground and said core, theopposite edge of the lower ground being inclined to define an angle of more than ninety degreesbetween itself and said core, a binding` material between said upper ground and the core, the upper and lower edges of said upper ground converging -in a direction away from said core so that the angles between said edges and the core exceed ninety degrees, and a Aplaster coating upon said core,` said coating cooperating with said inclinededges to anchor the grounds. 1 Y

2. In a building wall, a supporting floor, a core erected thereon, an upper ground anda lower ground, said lower ground having one edge-provided with a depression and positioned adjacent the floor, a binding material between said edge and the floor and between one side of the ground and said core, the .opposite edge of the lower ground being inclined to dene an angle of more than ninety degrees between itself and said core, a binding material between said upper ground and-the core, the upper and lower edges of said upper ground converging in a direction uaway from Asaid core so Vthat -the angles between said edges and the coreexceed ninety degrees, a

lplaster coating upon said core,`saidjcoating cooperating with Ysaid inclined edges to anchor the grounds, and anchor means attached` to said grounds and embedded in said plaster adjacen said core.

EWALDF. TECHMER.

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