US2008178A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

y 9 R. HARRISON 2,008,178 I SCRAPER Filed March 24, 1933 a Sheets-Shet 1 jF/uanir: @mond/lfiarrwow July 16, 1935. R. HARRISON SCRAPER Filed March 24, 1933 a Sheets-Sheet 2 llll ll July 16, 1935. R. L. HARRISON 2,003,173

SCRAPER Filed March 24, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented July 16, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT err-ice 22 Claims.

to provide an automatic tripping device, as above set forth, which will function with equal efiectivehess when the bowl rotates in forward or reverse direction.

Another object of my invention is to provide improved means for adjusting the position of the cutting edge with respect to the wheels of a trailer construction.

A further object of my present invention is to provide a scraper in which the bowl or earth carrying'means is provided with a removable bottom, whereby said bowl or scraper may he used with. or without a bottom section, as occasion demands. The foregoing and numerous other objects and advantages will be more apparent from the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings,

wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevational View of a scraper" embodying features of my invention, the same being shown in operative association with a fragmentary portion of a tractor, a portion of the scraper bowl being broken away to more clearly disclose the structural characteristics of my improved latching and tripping device;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the device shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure l, disclosing the bowl in vertical cross-section and tilted to a digging position;

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure l, disclosing the bowl tilted to its carrying position;

45 Figure 5 is 'a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Figure 1';

Figure 6 is a fragmentary side elevational View of a scraper of modified construction in which the bowl or earth receiving means proper is rigidly secured to the draft frame;

Figure? discloses another modified form wherein the bell-crank arrangement disclosed in Figures l to 6, inclusive, is displaced by a link and side'block construction; and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken substantially along the line 83 of Figure '7 to more clearly disclose the structural features of the slide block arrangement.

Referring now to the drawings more in detail, wherein like numerals have been employed to designate similar parts throughout the various figures, it will be seen in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, that my invention contemplates the provision of a scraper, which includes an earth receiving means or bowl ill, which is pivotally mounted by trunnions I 2 on a draft frame M. I prefer to form the bowl It with a bottom section or plate it, which is removably secured in position through the agency of any suitable means, such as the angle iron l8 shown in Figure 3. In this manner the bowl is rendered adaptable as a bottomless scraper in instances where the work demands such a construction, and when it is used as a bottomless scraper I prefer to insert a blade 28, indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3.

' Attention is directed to the strength and rigidity of the-bowl ill, which I obtain by providing an inner wall section 22, which is maintained in spaced relation with and secured to the outer casing 263 by means of struts or braces 26, These may be readily welded in position and serve to materially strengthen the bowl. Scrapers of the type disclosed herein are subjected to extreme working conditions in the field. Sometimes they are called upon to shift heavy wet soil, or to dig into very hard soil, and under such circumstances the bowl proper is subjected to severe stresses and strains. By constructing the bowl in the manner just described, these severe heavy load conditions are satisfactorily met. Attention is also directed to the fact that I provide apertures E3 in the side walls of the bowl, which when in registration with companion apertures 28a provided in the draft frame, are adapted to receive a locking pin (not shown) to rigidly Y se'cure'the bowl and frame against relative moveroom. This arrangement is preferred when the tiltable or rotary movement of the bowl is not.

required. the bowl is used without the bottom sectfpn l6, it is very advantageous to secure the bowl against rotation.

The mechanism for effecting rotation or tilting of the bowl Hi includes a hydraulic actuator designated generally by the numeral 30. This actuator includes a cylinder 32 and a piston 34 reciprocably mounted therein. Fluid power is supplied through flexible conduits 36 and 38, which connect through the agency of a manually manipulated valve 40 with a suitable fluid pump 42 driven from the engine of the tractor 44.

When the handle 46 of the valve til is moved M, as viewed in Figure l, is prevented by means in one position, the piston 34 will move in one of a slidable abutment or pawl 12, which is simidirection, and when shifted to an opposite exlar in structural characteristics to the previously treme-position, the piston will move in the oppomentioned pawl 10. Thus, the bowl is not only site direction. In a third position, the valve tilted rearwardly but is elevated from the ground prevents flow of fluid through the conduits 3 6 so as to facilitate the ease with which the load and 38 in either direction, thereby locking the may be transferred from one position to another. piston 34 in position. The specific construction Upon reaching a desired point, the load is to of the valve does not form a part of this inbe dumped and this is occasioned by again causvention, and therefore the details thereof are not ing the piston 34 to be shifted forwardly, and shown herein. It will suffice to say that an opthis time it is permitted to reach the limit of its erator positioned on the seat it of the tractor forward position, thereby causing the pin 14 carlt may conveniently manipulate the handle 56 ried by the latch bar '50 to engage a pivoted leto control the position of the piston 3 3. ver 'ifi carried by a bracket 18 on the draft frame Connected to the piston 34 is an actuating bar M. The lever 16 is normally secured in its ver- 50, which is pivotally secured at its outer extical position through the agency of a suitable tremity with a cross bar 52 which extends bespring Bil. The engagement of the pin 74 with tween 2. pair of frame members 53. These frame thelever "it causes cords 32 and 84, connected members 58 are pivotally supported by the trunrespectively with levers 86 and 38, to be shifted nions l2, and are connected through the agency forwardly. A rod 9% extending between the leof extensible links 56 with one arm of a bellvers 86 connects with one end of the cord 82, and crank 58. These bell-cranks 5d are pivotally supa similar rod 92 connects with one end of the ported by the draft frame M; The rearwardly cord M. The forward movement of these levers extending arm of the bell-crank 58 supports an 36 and 68 causes the pawls or abutments m and axle or shaft til carrying trailer wheels 62. Thus, 72 to be shifted out of the path of the arms of it will be apparent that when the piston 34 is the rotary latch members 64 and 6B. Thus, the shifted rearwardly, the bell-crank 58 rotates in rotary latch members present no obstruction to a clockwise direction, thereby causing the draft the movement of the pin 68, and the bowl is free frame i l to be elevated, as clearly shown in to roll over in response to the pulling action of Figure 4. Likewise, when the actuator piston the draft frame. 1-34 is shifted in the opposite direction, the bellated with the pawls m and 12 respectively norcrankis moved in a counter-clockwise direction, mally urge said pawls inwardly, so that when the thereby causing the trailer wheels 62 to be elelevers 8t and 88 return to their normal vertical vated to the position shown in Figure 3. position, in response to the return movement of Reference is now made to my improved latchthe piston M, the rotary latch members 64 and ing and tripping mechanism, which includes a 66 are again conditioned for latching the pins 68. pair of adjacently positioned rotary latch memside of each frame member 54, in Figures 1 and 5. 'A projection or pin 68 removably secured to and extending outwardly from each end wall of the scraper bowl moves tractor and the pin 68 is moved into engagement with the rotary latch member 66, said latch member is free to rotate in a clockwise dipurpose of explanation, assume that the bowl Ill occupies the position shown in Figure 1, wherein the pin 68 carried by the bowl occupies the 1 12 t position between the two lowermost arms of rotasg noven'fe f1:? :11 niz m bzi a iri rzg s rotary latch members M F .Assume to the engagement therewith of the pin 68.

urther that the valve handle 46 1s manipulated From the foregoing description it will be so as to cause the actuator piston 34 to be shifted forwardly, namely, to the left. This causes the parent that my Improved latchmg and tnppmg lowermost arm of the latch member 66 to be device is so arranged asto enable the pin to be moved into engagement with the pin automatically released when it is desired to dump latch member at that instant is secured against g .automatlcany q f rotation in a counter-clockwise direction, as er t mm as Ben f f n thls is viewed in Figure 1 through the agency of a accomplished without raising or lowering latch returned to its normal. vertical position, causes shiftable abutment or pawl "L Thus the bowl members of the type which have heretofore been.

may be shifted in a counter-clockwise direction m to the position shown in Figure 3. Simultane- It W111 be Seen t the Stop earned by ously with the rotation of the bowl, the rocker the actuator bar so may be adjusted to Vanous arm 58 is shifted in a counter-clockwise direcpositions and it-Wm also be noted that the tion, thereby elevating the trailer wheels 62 and tuator Fi 1 Pivotally mounted upon the positioning the cutting edge Isa of th bowl in draft frame ll by means of a bracket carried position for digging into the soil. After a load by the In Order 1;0 enable th ma ual has been acquired by the bowl in response to manipulation of the tripping hing mechat forward m t of t draft frame l4, nism just described, I provide a third cord 96, which i pulled by the tra tor 4s, and it is which extends between the side 48 and the lever sired to shift the bowl to the carrying position 6. y av t link m ch ni m 6 jus a e shown in Figure 4, the valve handle 46 is shifted to vari us l n h I am a l to m r accurately so as to impart rearward movement to the pisadjust the positioning of the cutting edge l6a ton 34, namely, to the right, Figures 1 and 4, with respect to the position occupied by the thereby bringing the lowermost arm of the latch trailer wheels. In order to insure the return to member 64 into operative engagement with the the normal vertical position of the levers 86 and pin 68. Clockwise rotation of the latch member 88, I provide springs 86a and 88a, respectively.

Springs 78a and 12a associ- Referring now to Figure 6 of the drawings, it will be seen that my invention also contemplates the provision of a modified scraper construction wherein a scraper bowl Ilia is positively secured against rotation by means of bolts or rivets 98, which extend through the draft frame l4 and the end wall of the scraper. In the structure shown in Figure 6, I prefer to eliminate the bottom section and also the latch mechanism. Thus, the only parts which are required to cause the proper functioning of the scraper are the actuatingbar 5!], the cross bar 52, the pivoted frames 54, the extensible link 56, the bell-crank Movement of the 58, and the trailer wheels 62. actuating bar 50 in a rearward direction causes the scraper to be raised, and movement in theopposite direction causes the trailer wheels 62 to be elevated, thereby enabling the scraper to more aggressively engage the surface of the soil.

In Figures '7 and 8 I have disclosed a still further modification wherein I provide a modified mechanism for effecting the raising and lower ing of the trailer wheels 62. This mechanism includes an inclined guide I secured at each side of. the draft frame M. Slidable within the guide mu is a block H32 which provides the support for the axle or shaft 60. The blocks I02 are connected through the agency of an extensible link mechanism 55a with the frame 54. The device shown in Figure 7 also includes a modified arrangement of the hydraulic actuator 30. The actuator 30 in Figure '7 is horizontally positioned upon the draft frame l4, and is connected to the frames 54 by means of a piston rod I04 and a link I05, which extends between the freeend of the rod I04 and the frame 54. A pin I08 which con nects with the link .16 and the rod I04 is slidably guided within a guide block Ill! carried by the draft frame I4. In all other respects the structural arrangement of the device shown in Figures 7 and 8 is similar to that already described in connection with Figures 1 to 5, inclusive.

causes the counter-clockwise rotation of the bowl l0, and likewise causes the axle 60 to be elevated, thereby enabling the cutting edge of the bowl to more aggressively dig into the surface of the soil. Upon reverse movement of the piston 34, the axis of the trailer wheels 62 is shifted rotary type scraper more practical in the field.

The automatic tripping mechanism eliminates the manual manipulation of a pull rope, and also eliminates the necessity of raising and lowering an actuating bar to effect the proper latching of the bowl. It will also be apparent that my invention permits latching of the bowl in forward and reverse direction with equal effectiveness.

Furthermore, the devices combined with the hydraulic actuator for raising and lowering the bowl, provides a very practical construction.

Causing the latching to take place at the opposite ends of the bowl instead of at the limit thereof also presents distinct advantages over prior devices with which I am familiar. Having a latch mechanism positioned at each extremity makes for rigidity and prevents lateral twisting or shifting of the bowl in the event that the load should Forward movement of the piston 34 in Figure 7' be heavier on one side than on the other during its use in the field. Having the latching occur a rotary bowl construction to be used with the 7 same degree of effectiveness for the same purpose as a non-rotatable open bottom scraper.

It will be noted in Figure that the pin or projection' 68 is removably mounted by means of a nut and bolt construction within the end wall of the bowl structure [0. Thus, when it is desirable to rigidly secure the bowl in fixed position with respect to the draft frame l4 by inserting bolts within the registering apertures 28 and 28a, the pins 68 may be removed so as to permit free movement in either direction of the tiltable arms 54. In other words, the latching mechanism need not be employed and hence the pins 88 may be removed.

While in the drawings I have disclosed specific embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that the invention is by no means limited to these specific forms, but is capable of numerous other changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended, claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and means operable in response to the operation of said actuation member for automatically releasing said latch means to permit free rotation of the earth carrying means.

2. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and means automatically operable upon operation of said actuating member and said earth carrying means for releasing said latch means to permit free rotation of the earth .carrying means in either direction.

3. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and

rotation of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection 'of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and

means operable in response to the operation of said actuating member for automatically releasing said latch means to permit free rotation of the earth carrying means, and means for rendering said latch means again functionally operative to secure the earth carrying means in a predetermined position.

5. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, a hydraulic actuator coupled with said actuating member, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and means operable'in response to the shifting of said hydraulic actuator for automatically releasing said latch means to perrnit free rotation of the earth carrying means.

6. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, rotary latch means providing a connecting medium between the actuating member and the earth carrying means, means for securing said rotary latch means against rotation in a given direction, and means for automatically rendering said securing means functionally inoperative to permit free rotation of the earth carrying means.

'7. In a scraper adapted to ,be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, rotary latch means providing a connecting medium between the actuating member and the earth carrying means, means for securing said rotary latch means against rotation in a given direction, an abutment movable with the rotary earth carrying means and adapted to engage the rotary latch means, and means for automatically rendering said securing means functionally inoperative to enable the abutment of the earth carrying means to move past the rotary latch means.

8. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, rotary latch means including a pair of peripherally toothed devices providing a connecting medium between the actuating member and the earth carrying means, means for securing said rotary latch means against rotation in a given direction, and means for rendering said securing means functionally inoperative to permit free rotation ,of the earth carrying means.

9. In a scraper adaptedi to be moved across the surface of the ground, a supporting wheel frame, an earth carrying means mounted for rotation about a pivot and having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, said pivot being displaceable vertically with respect to the wheel frame, means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means and displacement of said pivot, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and means for releasing said latch means to permit free rotation of the earth carrying means.

10. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an *edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, said carrying means being bodily displaceable with respect to the ground level, of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means and to cause the bodily displacement thereof, tiltable frame members positioned at each end of the rotary earth carrying means, a latch mechanism carried by each tiltable frame member for controlling the connection between the actuating member and said earth carrying means, abutments positioned at each end of and movable with the rotary earth carrying means and adapted to cooperate with the latch means for securing the earth carrying means in a predetermined position with respect to the frame, and means for controlling the functioning of said latch means.

11. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, tiltable frame members positioned at each end of the rotary earth carrying means, co-operating pairs of rotary latch Wheels carried by said tiltable frame member for controlling the connecearth carrying means, abutments positioned at each end of and movable with the rotary earth carrying means and adapted to cooperate with the latch wheels for securing the earth carrying means in a predetermined position with respect to the frame, and means for controlling the functioning of said latch means.

12. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, tiltable frame members positioned at each end of the rotary earth carrying means, a latch mechanism carried by said tiltable frame member, abutments positioned at each end of and movable with the rotary earth carrying means and means for controlling the functioning of said latch means, said actuating member being positioned intermediate said tiltable frames and connected therewith, a hydraulic actuator including a relatively shiftable cylinder and piston construction coupled with said actuating member,-and a pivotal support for said hydraulic actuator.

13. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, the combination with a rotary earth carrying means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil of means including an actuating member shiftabl to cause rotation of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, means for controlling the functioning of said latch means, a draft frame providing a mounting for the rotary earth carrying means, and securing means for securing said earth carrying means together with said draft frame as a ently of said trailer, means operable inresponse to,the tilting of said actuating means for var ing the position of the trailer with respect to t e earth shifting means so as to vary the position of said edge with respect to the surface of the soil, and power means for shifting said actuating means.

15. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, an earth shifting means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, a draft frame providing a mounting for said earth shifting means, a tiltable actuating device supported by said frame, a trailer positioned to the rear of said earth shifting means, said actuating means being supported independently of said trailer, means including a device pivotally supported by the frame and operable in response to the tilting of said actuating means for varying the position of the trailer with respectto the earth shifting means so as to vary the position of said edge with respect to the surface of the soil, and power means for shifting said actuating means.

. 16.In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, an earth shifting means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, a draft frame providing a mounting for said earth shifting means, a tiltable actuating device supported by said frame, a trailer positioned to the rear of said earth shiftingmeans,

said actuating means being supported independently of said trailer, means including a guide rigidly secured to the frame and a slide therein operable in response to the tilting of said actuating means forvaryingthe position of the trailer with respect to the earth shifting means so as to vary the position of said edge with respect to the surface of the soil, and power means for shifting said actuating means.

17. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, an earth shifting means having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, a draft frame providing amounting for said earth shifting means; a tiltable actuating device supported by said frame, a trailer posito the earth shifting means so asto vary the position of said edge with respect to the surface of the soilyand power means for shifting said -actuating means.

18. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, a rotary earth carrying meanshaving a detachable bottom section provided with an edge adapted to engage the surface of the soil, a draft frame for pivotally supporting said earth carrying means, said rotary earth carrying means also including an outer arcuate section, an inner arcuate section spaced therefrom, and strut members extending between said sections' whereby to present a rigid scraper structure, means including an actuating member shiftable to cause rotation of the earth carrying means,

latchv means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means, and means for controlling the functioning of said latch means. I J I 19. In a scraper adapted to, be movedacross the surface of the ground, aframe member having a portion adapted to be shifted toward and away from, the ground level, rotary earth carrying means pivotally mounted on said frame member portion, means for shifting said portion, means for rotating said earth carrying means, and means connecting said shifting and rotating means for simultaneous operation.

20. In a scraper adapted to be-moved across the surface of the ground, a frame member having a portion adapted to be shifted toward and away from the ground level, rotary earth carrying means pivot'ally mounted on said frame memier, means for shifting said portion, means for stating said earth carrying means, means connecting said shifting and rotating means for simultaneous operation, and means for releasing said connecting means to permit independent rotation of said earth carrying means. I

21. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the ground, a rotary earth carrying means bodily displa'ceable with respect to the ground level and having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the ground, means including an actuating member shiftable to. causebodily displacement of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carrying means,

, 22. In a scraper adapted to be moved across the surface of the grounds. rotary earth carrying means bodily displaceable with respect to the ground level and having an edge adapted to engage the surface of the ground, means including an actuating member shiftable to cause controlled rotary movement and bodily displacement of the earth carrying means, latch means for controlling the connection of the actuating member with the earth carryingmeans, and means operable in-response to the operation ofsaldactuating member for automatically releasing said latch means to permit free rotation of the earth carrying means.

RAYIQOND I I HARRISON.

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