US20080302918A1 - Control surface assemblies with torque tube base - Google Patents
Control surface assemblies with torque tube base Download PDFInfo
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- US20080302918A1 US20080302918A1 US12/038,319 US3831908A US2008302918A1 US 20080302918 A1 US20080302918 A1 US 20080302918A1 US 3831908 A US3831908 A US 3831908A US 2008302918 A1 US2008302918 A1 US 2008302918A1
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- control surface
- elongated
- assembly
- base plate
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- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000287127 Passeridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256856 Vespidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
- F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
- F42B10/04—Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/26—Attaching the wing or tail units or stabilising surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C5/00—Stabilising surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C5/00—Stabilising surfaces
- B64C5/06—Fins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C9/00—Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders
- B64C9/02—Mounting or supporting thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
Definitions
- This invention relates to structures for flight vehicles, and more specifically, to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base.
- control surfaces that project outwardly from a main body of the vehicle to enhance or to enable proper control of the vehicle.
- control surfaces are designed to meet anticipated load requirements associated with control of the vehicle.
- stiffness of the control surface to avoid flutter More specifically, to avoid flutter of a control surface (e.g. a control fin) it is typically necessary to increase the fundamental mode shape frequencies.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show simplified cross-sectional views of control surface assemblies in accordance with the prior art.
- a control surface assembly 100 includes an outwardly-projecting control surface portion 102 coupled to a flat flange portion 104 that attaches to an aerospace vehicle 106 (e.g. a missile, an aircraft, etc.).
- the control surface assembly 100 is efficient in bending stiffness, but is relatively less efficient in providing torsional stiffness.
- a control surface assembly 200 includes a non-uniformly tapered outwardly-projecting control surface portion 202 coupled to a base portion 204 having a solid support member 205 .
- the base portion 204 is coupled to a fuselage (or body) 206 .
- the control surface assembly 200 is typically less efficient in bending stiffness than the control surface assembly 100 having the flat flange portion 104 however, the control surface assembly 200 may exhibit improved torsional stiffness over the control surface assembly 100 due to the stiffness of the solid support member 205 .
- the present invention is directed to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base.
- Embodiments of the present invention may advantageously provide a desired degree of bending and torsional stiffness, with improved weight and heat transfer characteristics in comparison with the prior art.
- a method includes providing a control surface assembly including: providing a control surface portion having a pair of longitudinal surfaces, providing a hollow base portion coupled to the control surface portion, the base portion including an elongated curved wall, and an elongated base plate disposed crosswise to the pair of the longitudinal surfaces having at least one aperture disposed therein, and a plurality of attachment flanges extending laterally outwardly beyond the longitudinal surfaces; coupling the attachment flanges to a supporting structure of a vehicle such that the control surface portion projects outwardly from the supporting structure; moving the vehicle through a medium; and moving at least a portion of the control surface assembly to generate a force on the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is an end cross-sectional schematic view of a control surface assembly in accordance with the prior art
- FIG. 2 is an end cross-sectional schematic view of another control surface assembly in accordance with the prior art
- FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of a control surface assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly of FIG. 3 coupled to a vehicle in accordance with another embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly of FIG. 3 in an inverted position
- FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an aircraft having a plurality of missiles in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base.
- Many specific details of certain embodiments of the invention are set forth in the following description and in FIGS. 1-6 to provide a thorough understanding of such embodiments.
- One skilled in the art, however, will understand that the present invention may have additional embodiments, or that the present invention may be practiced without several of the details described in the following description.
- FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of a control surface assembly 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly 100 of FIG. 3 coupled to a vehicle fuselage 306 .
- the control surface assembly 300 includes an outwardly-projecting control surface portion 302 coupled to a hollow, shell-like base portion 304 having a thickness t.
- the outwardly-projecting control surface portion 302 may be tapered (uniformly or non-uniformly) as shown in FIG. 3 , or alternately, may be of uniform thickness or width, or any other suitable combination thereof.
- the base portion 304 includes a rounded (or arcuate) member 314 ( FIG. 3 ) that forms a substantially hollow (or tubular) section.
- the rounded member 314 may have a semi-circular (or partially semi-circular) cross-sectional shape, and may be completely enclosed, as shown in FIG. 3 , or alternately, it may be only partially closed.
- the rounded member 314 comprises an elongated main portion 308 having a pair of tapered end portions 310 .
- the base portion 304 further includes a plurality of attachment flanges 312 for coupling the base portion 304 to the aircraft 306 .
- the control surface portion 302 is coupled to the rounded member 314 and projects outwardly from the fuselage 306 by a height H.
- the base portion 304 has a width W.
- FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly 300 of FIG. 3 in an inverted position.
- the base portion 304 may further include a plurality of span members 318 that span between opposing lateral sides of the rounded member 314 , and which are formed between a plurality of gaps 320 having a gap width G.
- the base portion 304 includes multiple attachment flanges 312 suitable for fixed aero-surface configurations such as strakes or fences.
- the base portion 304 may include only a single attachment point, such as for rotating control surface configurations.
- the control surface assembly 300 provides increased fundamental mode shape frequencies to avoid flutter.
- the base portion 304 of the control surface assembly 300 is a hollow, shell-like structure, the base portion 304 advantageously provides suitable torsional stiffness characteristics by increasing the frequency of multiple mode shapes (e.g. plate bending and plate torsion) while also providing improved weight characteristics.
- the substantially-hollow main portion 308 may provide a highly efficient structure for meeting the desired torsional stiffness characteristics.
- the hollow base portion 304 may provide suitable bending stiffness.
- the base portion 304 of the control surface assembly 300 may provide a substantial weight savings over comparable prior art assemblies. In one particular embodiment, for example, a 30% or higher weight savings may be achieved. Substantial weight savings may be achievable for both metal and composite control surface assemblies. Furthermore, for high temperature applications, the base portion torque tube feature between the attach points, allows a reduced amount of contact area required for attachment. This may advantageously reduce or minimize the amount of heat transfer from the control surface portion 302 into the fuselage 306 compared with prior art apparatus.
- the hollowed base portion 304 of the control surface assembly 300 provides a lowest natural frequency of a plate bending mode of approximately 120 Hz, and approximately 150 Hz for a first plate torsion mode, as compared with a lowest natural frequency of 60 Hz for the plate bending mode and approximately 90 Hz for the first plate torsional mode for the flat flange 104 of the assembly 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- the control surface assembly 300 may be substantially lighter than the flat flange assembly 100 of the prior art.
- FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an aircraft 1000 having a plurality of missiles 150 in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention.
- the aircraft 1000 includes a variety of known components, including a fuselage 1002 , lift generating surfaces 1004 (e.g. wings), a propulsion system 1006 , a control system 1010 , and a host of other systems and subsystems that enable proper operation of the aircraft 1000 .
- the aircraft 1000 also includes a tail assembly 1020 having a pair of vertical fins 1022 and a pair of horizontal fins 1024 (only one visible).
- the fins 1022 , 1024 may suitably be control surface assemblies in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
- each of the missiles 1050 may include a variety of known components, including a fuselage 1052 , a plurality of control surfaces (or fins or strakes) 1054 coupled to the fuselage 1052 , a propulsion system 1056 , a control system 1062 , and other systems and subsystems that enable proper operation of the missile 1050 .
- Each of the control surfaces 1060 may suitably be control surface assemblies in accordance with embodiments of the present invention.
- the aircraft 1000 may be a fighter aircraft, such as, for example, an F/A-18E Super Hornet manufactured by The Boeing Company of Chicago, Ill.
- the aircraft may be a fighter aircraft, a rotary aircraft, a bomber aircraft, or any other suitable type of manned or unmanned aircraft, including those described, for example, in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft by Enzo Angelucci, published by Book Sales Publishers, September 2001, and in Jane's All the World's Aircraft published by Jane's Information Group of Coulsdon, Surrey, United Kingdom, which texts are incorporated herein by reference.
- the missiles 1050 may be any suitable type of missiles that include a movable or non-movable control surface assemblies, including but not limited to Harpoons, HARMs, Sparrows, AMRAAMs, or any other suitable missiles, including those described in the above-referenced texts.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Control surface assemblies having a torque tube base are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a control surface assembly including: providing a control surface portion having a pair of longitudinal surfaces, providing a hollow base portion coupled to the control surface portion, the base portion including an elongated curved wall, and an elongated base plate disposed crosswise to the pair of the longitudinal surfaces having at least one aperture disposed therein, and a plurality of attachment flanges extending laterally outwardly beyond the longitudinal surfaces; coupling the attachment flanges to a supporting structure of a vehicle such that the control surface portion projects outwardly from the supporting structure; moving the vehicle through a medium; and moving at least a portion of the control surface assembly to generate a force on the vehicle.
Description
- This patent application is a divisional application of co-pending, commonly-owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/043,918 entitled “Control Surface Assemblies with Torque Tube Base” filed on Jan. 21, 2005, which application is incorporated herein by reference.
- This invention was made with Government support under U.S. Government contract F33615-98-9-2880 awarded by United States Air Force. The Government has certain rights in this invention.
- This invention relates to structures for flight vehicles, and more specifically, to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base.
- Many types of aerospace vehicles include one or more control surfaces that project outwardly from a main body of the vehicle to enhance or to enable proper control of the vehicle. Typically, such control surfaces are designed to meet anticipated load requirements associated with control of the vehicle. Among the considerations involved in the design of such control surfaces is the stiffness of the control surface to avoid flutter. More specifically, to avoid flutter of a control surface (e.g. a control fin) it is typically necessary to increase the fundamental mode shape frequencies.
- For example,
FIGS. 1 and 2 show simplified cross-sectional views of control surface assemblies in accordance with the prior art. InFIG. 1 , acontrol surface assembly 100 includes an outwardly-projectingcontrol surface portion 102 coupled to aflat flange portion 104 that attaches to an aerospace vehicle 106 (e.g. a missile, an aircraft, etc.). Typically, thecontrol surface assembly 100 is efficient in bending stiffness, but is relatively less efficient in providing torsional stiffness. InFIG. 2 , acontrol surface assembly 200 includes a non-uniformly tapered outwardly-projectingcontrol surface portion 202 coupled to abase portion 204 having asolid support member 205. Thebase portion 204 is coupled to a fuselage (or body) 206. Thecontrol surface assembly 200 is typically less efficient in bending stiffness than thecontrol surface assembly 100 having theflat flange portion 104 however, thecontrol surface assembly 200 may exhibit improved torsional stiffness over thecontrol surface assembly 100 due to the stiffness of thesolid support member 205. - Although desirable results have been achieved using the prior art control surface assemblies shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , there may be room for improvement. For example, for at least some applications, the prior art assemblies may exhibit undesirable weight and heat transfer characteristics. Therefore, improved control surface assemblies that at least partially mitigate these undesirable characteristics would have utility. - The present invention is directed to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base. Embodiments of the present invention may advantageously provide a desired degree of bending and torsional stiffness, with improved weight and heat transfer characteristics in comparison with the prior art.
- In one embodiment, a method includes providing a control surface assembly including: providing a control surface portion having a pair of longitudinal surfaces, providing a hollow base portion coupled to the control surface portion, the base portion including an elongated curved wall, and an elongated base plate disposed crosswise to the pair of the longitudinal surfaces having at least one aperture disposed therein, and a plurality of attachment flanges extending laterally outwardly beyond the longitudinal surfaces; coupling the attachment flanges to a supporting structure of a vehicle such that the control surface portion projects outwardly from the supporting structure; moving the vehicle through a medium; and moving at least a portion of the control surface assembly to generate a force on the vehicle.
- The features, functions, and advantages that have been discussed can be achieved independently in various embodiments of the present invention or may be combined in yet other embodiments further details of which can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings.
- Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the following drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is an end cross-sectional schematic view of a control surface assembly in accordance with the prior art; -
FIG. 2 is an end cross-sectional schematic view of another control surface assembly in accordance with the prior art; -
FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of a control surface assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; -
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly ofFIG. 3 coupled to a vehicle in accordance with another embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the control surface assembly ofFIG. 3 in an inverted position; and -
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of an aircraft having a plurality of missiles in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention. - The present invention relates to control surface assemblies having a torque tube base. Many specific details of certain embodiments of the invention are set forth in the following description and in
FIGS. 1-6 to provide a thorough understanding of such embodiments. One skilled in the art, however, will understand that the present invention may have additional embodiments, or that the present invention may be practiced without several of the details described in the following description. -
FIG. 3 is an end cross-sectional view of acontrol surface assembly 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 4 is an isometric view of thecontrol surface assembly 100 ofFIG. 3 coupled to avehicle fuselage 306. In this embodiment, thecontrol surface assembly 300 includes an outwardly-projectingcontrol surface portion 302 coupled to a hollow, shell-like base portion 304 having a thickness t. The outwardly-projectingcontrol surface portion 302 may be tapered (uniformly or non-uniformly) as shown inFIG. 3 , or alternately, may be of uniform thickness or width, or any other suitable combination thereof. - In one embodiment, the
base portion 304 includes a rounded (or arcuate) member 314 (FIG. 3 ) that forms a substantially hollow (or tubular) section. In some embodiments, therounded member 314 may have a semi-circular (or partially semi-circular) cross-sectional shape, and may be completely enclosed, as shown inFIG. 3 , or alternately, it may be only partially closed. As best shown inFIG. 4 , therounded member 314 comprises an elongatedmain portion 308 having a pair oftapered end portions 310. Thebase portion 304 further includes a plurality ofattachment flanges 312 for coupling thebase portion 304 to theaircraft 306. Thecontrol surface portion 302 is coupled to therounded member 314 and projects outwardly from thefuselage 306 by a height H. As further shown inFIG. 3 , thebase portion 304 has a width W. -
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of thecontrol surface assembly 300 ofFIG. 3 in an inverted position. As shown inFIG. 5 , thebase portion 304 may further include a plurality ofspan members 318 that span between opposing lateral sides of therounded member 314, and which are formed between a plurality ofgaps 320 having a gap width G. In this embodiment, thebase portion 304 includesmultiple attachment flanges 312 suitable for fixed aero-surface configurations such as strakes or fences. In alternate embodiments, thebase portion 304 may include only a single attachment point, such as for rotating control surface configurations. - In operation, the
control surface assembly 300 provides increased fundamental mode shape frequencies to avoid flutter. Because thebase portion 304 of thecontrol surface assembly 300 is a hollow, shell-like structure, thebase portion 304 advantageously provides suitable torsional stiffness characteristics by increasing the frequency of multiple mode shapes (e.g. plate bending and plate torsion) while also providing improved weight characteristics. In one particular aspect, the substantially-hollowmain portion 308 may provide a highly efficient structure for meeting the desired torsional stiffness characteristics. In addition, thehollow base portion 304 may provide suitable bending stiffness. - In some embodiments, the
base portion 304 of thecontrol surface assembly 300 may provide a substantial weight savings over comparable prior art assemblies. In one particular embodiment, for example, a 30% or higher weight savings may be achieved. Substantial weight savings may be achievable for both metal and composite control surface assemblies. Furthermore, for high temperature applications, the base portion torque tube feature between the attach points, allows a reduced amount of contact area required for attachment. This may advantageously reduce or minimize the amount of heat transfer from thecontrol surface portion 302 into thefuselage 306 compared with prior art apparatus. - For applications that require enhanced stiffness of control surface assemblies, prior art methods of adding bending stiffness included simply thickening the outwardly-projecting portion and the base portion. It has been determined, however, that there is a point of diminishing returns for blade thickening because the added mass offsets the increased blade/plate bending stiffness. Furthermore, in one particular embodiment, the hollowed
base portion 304 of thecontrol surface assembly 300 provides a lowest natural frequency of a plate bending mode of approximately 120 Hz, and approximately 150 Hz for a first plate torsion mode, as compared with a lowest natural frequency of 60 Hz for the plate bending mode and approximately 90 Hz for the first plate torsional mode for theflat flange 104 of theassembly 100 shown inFIG. 1 . These data demonstrate that embodiments of the invention may simultaneously increase the frequency of multiple mode shapes. Furthermore, thecontrol surface assembly 300 may be substantially lighter than theflat flange assembly 100 of the prior art. - It will be appreciated that control surface assemblies in accordance with the present invention may be used on a variety of vehicles and systems, including but not limited to any suitable type of aerospace vehicles. For example,
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of anaircraft 1000 having a plurality of missiles 150 in accordance with further embodiments of the present invention. Theaircraft 1000 includes a variety of known components, including afuselage 1002, lift generating surfaces 1004 (e.g. wings), apropulsion system 1006, acontrol system 1010, and a host of other systems and subsystems that enable proper operation of theaircraft 1000. Theaircraft 1000 also includes atail assembly 1020 having a pair ofvertical fins 1022 and a pair of horizontal fins 1024 (only one visible). Thefins - In addition, each of the
missiles 1050 may include a variety of known components, including afuselage 1052, a plurality of control surfaces (or fins or strakes) 1054 coupled to thefuselage 1052, apropulsion system 1056, acontrol system 1062, and other systems and subsystems that enable proper operation of themissile 1050. Each of the control surfaces 1060 may suitably be control surface assemblies in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. - In one embodiment, the
aircraft 1000 may be a fighter aircraft, such as, for example, an F/A-18E Super Hornet manufactured by The Boeing Company of Chicago, Ill. However, it will be appreciated that embodiments of control surface assemblies in accordance with the present invention may be included in any other suitable aircraft. For example, in alternate embodiments, the aircraft may be a fighter aircraft, a rotary aircraft, a bomber aircraft, or any other suitable type of manned or unmanned aircraft, including those described, for example, in The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft by Enzo Angelucci, published by Book Sales Publishers, September 2001, and in Jane's All the World's Aircraft published by Jane's Information Group of Coulsdon, Surrey, United Kingdom, which texts are incorporated herein by reference. Similarly, themissiles 1050 may be any suitable type of missiles that include a movable or non-movable control surface assemblies, including but not limited to Harpoons, HARMs, Sparrows, AMRAAMs, or any other suitable missiles, including those described in the above-referenced texts. - While preferred and alternate embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, as noted above, many changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is not limited by the disclosure of these preferred and alternate embodiments. Instead, the invention should be determined entirely by reference to the claims that follow.
Claims (15)
1. A method of controlling a vehicle, comprising:
providing a control surface assembly coupled to the vehicle, wherein providing the assembly includes:
providing a control surface portion having a pair of longitudinal surfaces;
providing a hollow base portion coupled to a first end portion of the control surface portion, the base portion including an elongated curved wall, and an elongated base plate disposed crosswise to the pair of the longitudinal surfaces having at least one aperture disposed therein, and a plurality of attachment flanges extending laterally outwardly beyond the longitudinal surfaces; and
coupling the attachment flanges of the elongated base plate of the control surface assembly to a supporting structure of the vehicle such that the control surface portion projects outwardly from the supporting structure;
moving the vehicle through a medium; and
moving at least a portion of the control surface assembly to generate a force on the supporting structure of the vehicle.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a hollow base portion including an elongated curved wall and an elongated base plate includes providing an elongated curved wall and an elongated base plate that cooperatively define a hollow region, and providing a control surface portion includes providing a control surface portion that projects from the elongated curved wall.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein providing an elongated curved wall and an elongated base plate that cooperatively define a hollow region includes defining a hollow region that has a semi-circular cross-sectional shape.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a control surface assembly includes providing a pair of tapered end portions formed at opposing ends of the base portion.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a hollow base portion including an elongated base plate includes providing the elongated base plate with a plurality of gaps.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a hollow base portion includes providing the base portion having a plurality of apertures.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein providing the base portion with at least one attachment point configured to be coupled to the support structure includes providing the base portion having a plurality of elongated apertures, the base plate further including at least one span member extending laterally between the plurality of apertures.
8. A method, comprising:
providing an assembly comprising a control surface portion coupled to a base portion, the base portion being coupled to a support structure such that the control surface portion projects outwardly from the supporting structure, the base portion including:
an elongated curved wall; and
an elongated base plate coupled to the elongated curved wall and having at least one aperture disposed therein, and a plurality of laterally outwardly extending attachment flanges, the attachment flanges being coupled to the support structure; and
actuating at least a portion of the control surface portion to generate an aerodynamic control force.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein providing an assembly includes providing an assembly wherein the elongated curved wall and the elongated base plate cooperatively define a hollow region, and the control surface portion projects from the elongated curved wall.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein providing an assembly includes providing an assembly wherein the hollow region has a semi-circular cross-sectional shape.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein providing an assembly includes providing an assembly wherein the base portion includes a pair of tapered end portions formed at opposing ends of the base portion.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein providing an assembly includes providing an assembly wherein the at least one aperture disposed in the base plate includes a plurality of apertures.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein providing an assembly includes providing an assembly wherein the at least one aperture disposed in the elongated base plate includes a plurality of elongated apertures, the base plate further including at least one span member extending laterally between the plurality of apertures.
14. The method of claim 8 , further comprising moving the support structure through a medium.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein moving the support structure through a medium includes propelling an aircraft through the medium.
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US12/038,319 US20080302918A1 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2008-02-27 | Control surface assemblies with torque tube base |
US13/018,406 US8274024B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2011-01-31 | Control surface assemblies with torque tube base |
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US11/043,918 US7410120B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Control surface assemblies with torque tube base |
US12/038,319 US20080302918A1 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2008-02-27 | Control surface assemblies with torque tube base |
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US11/043,918 Division US7410120B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2005-01-21 | Control surface assemblies with torque tube base |
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WO2007028799A1 (en) | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-15 | Alpvision S.A. | Means for using microstructure of materials surface as a unique identifier |
US9208394B2 (en) | 2005-09-05 | 2015-12-08 | Alpvision S.A. | Authentication of an article of manufacture using an image of the microstructure of it surface |
DE102008006834A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-10-15 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Connecting arrangement for connecting two stiffening elements of different cross-sectional profile for an aircraft or spacecraft, and a shell component |
US9040886B1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2015-05-26 | The Boeing Company | Adaptive aerodynamic control system for projectile maneuvering |
DE102015207490A1 (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | rudder assembly |
CN106682912B (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2021-06-15 | 艾普维真股份有限公司 | Authentication method of 3D structure |
US10556672B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2020-02-11 | Rohr, Inc. | Baseless vortex generator |
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US1246027A (en) * | 1916-01-13 | 1917-11-06 | Curtiss Aeroplane & Motor Co | Aeroplane-control surface. |
US1322868A (en) * | 1919-11-25 | Eqtjalkes-l-itting job aieplajste-wikes | ||
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US6352217B1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2002-03-05 | Hr Textron, Inc. | Missile fin locking and unlocking mechanism including a mechanical force amplifier |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060163435A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
WO2006078651A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
US7410120B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
US8274024B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 |
US20110210200A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
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