US20080302039A1 - Decorative Effect for Glass Bodies - Google Patents
Decorative Effect for Glass Bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080302039A1 US20080302039A1 US12/132,076 US13207608A US2008302039A1 US 20080302039 A1 US20080302039 A1 US 20080302039A1 US 13207608 A US13207608 A US 13207608A US 2008302039 A1 US2008302039 A1 US 2008302039A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- decorative
- dichroic
- dichroic materials
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material
Definitions
- Glass has been used decoratively for millennia, and for decorative purposes, glass bodies have been shaped, surface patterned, colored, and surface coated in a multitude of ways. This nevertheless leaves unfulfilled an insatiable need for interesting new decorative effects.
- the inventive decorative effect involves varying color patterns resulting from dichroic materials coated on an uneven surface of a glass body.
- the dichroic materials transmit or reflect different colors of light, and the unevenness of the coated surface imposes patterns on the colors of light that are transmitted or reflected. These colors and patterns of colors also change with different viewing angles of an observer, which adds considerably to their decorative interest.
- Dichroic coatings which are known, have been applied to plane surfaces for optical and technical reasons. Applying dichroic coatings to uneven glass surfaces has the unexpected effect of making color patterns vary with viewing angles. Colors in the patterns can change, and forms of color patterns can also change with different viewing angles so that the decorative effect is made lively and surprising.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structural glass block having a dichroic coating on an undulating internal surface.
- FIG. 2 is an abstract representation of variable color patterns caused by the coating on the undulating surface of the block of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a glass tile having a patterned surface.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tile of FIG. 3 showing a dichroic coating on the patterned surface, and a protective coating over the dichroic coating.
- FIG. 5 is a partially schematic representation of a frame that includes glass tiles or blocks for a door or wall panel providing variable color patterns according to the invention.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are photographs showing, at different viewing angles, a stack of glass blocks that are made decorative according to the invention.
- variable color patterns produced by the invention involve both an uneven surface of a glass body and a dichroic coating on the uneven surface.
- Uneven surfaces on glass bodies are known, and dichroic coatings on smooth plane surfaces are known, but neither of these by themselves produce color patterns of varying colors that change with an observer's angle of view.
- Dichroic coatings conforming to an uneven glass surface do produce such variable color patterns, which depend not only on the unevenness of a glass body surface, but also on the unevenness of a dichroic coating deposited on the glass body surface.
- Dichroic materials and the formation of these materials into thin optical coatings are well understood. These are described for example in Thin Film Optical Filters , Third Edition by Angus Macleod. Dichroic materials have the property of transmitting or reflecting light of selected wave lengths or colors, and correspondingly not transmitting or not reflecting light of other wave lengths or colors. Many materials are known to have such dichroic properties, and many ways of coating these materials on a glass surface are also known. These include several forms of vacuum deposition and sputtering, for example.
- Optical thin film coatings of dichroic materials are often used as filters, and these can be formed as long pass, short pass, band pass, interference, and mixtures of these. At least two dichroic material layers are required to achieve the decorative effects made possible by the invention, but many more than two layers can also be used. Four or more different dichroic layers are preferred to ensure that observable color patterns are interesting and variable.
- the dichroic materials used for coated layers also preferably differ from each other in the wave lengths of light they transmit or reflect.
- Uneven surfaces of glass bodies contribute to the interesting color patterns achievable with the invention.
- the glass body surfaces can be uneven in a multitude of ways. One way is to have an uneven topography with hills and valleys, for example.
- the unevenness can be predetermined by a mold or can even be random resulting from manufacturing irregularities.
- the insides of structural glass blocks, for example, are readily molded with an undulating surface that works well with dichroic materials.
- Uneven surfaces can also be patterned with variations that range from a micro to a macro scale.
- a pattern can repeat several times over a glass surface or a single pattern can extend its variation over a whole substrate, for example. Patterned unevenness of a glass surface can be textured to have visible irregularities.
- a glass surface can also be roughened by etching or sand blasting, and roughening can be applied in patterns that leave some of the surface specularly reflective.
- An uneven surface can also affect thickness of coatings of dichroic materials.
- the coating process may not be exactly uniform in the first place, and unevenness of the surface being coated can additionally attribute varying thickness to the coated materials. These variations can add unpredictable interest to the observable color patterns.
- An uneven surface can also be formed by etching, sand blasting, or other technique that modifies the reflectance and transmission of a glass surface that is otherwise nearly plane. Both front and back surfaces of a glass body can be made uneven, and the unevenness can be different for opposite surfaces so that each surface can contribute to the interesting effects achieved.
- Combinations of uneven glass surfaces and dichroic coatings can be complex enough so that the ways that color patterns will form and vary with different viewing angles can be quite unpredictable. This can add considerably to the decorative interest of a product, and interesting variation in the end result can even be left to random variations in manufacturing processes.
- the color of the glass used for a glass body can also play a role in the decorative effect produced.
- Dichroic coatings can be designed with glass color in mind to take advantage of different color pattern effects derivable from the dichroic coatings, the unevenness of surfaces, and the color of the glass substrate.
- Structural glass blocks are generally transmissive, and this is considered in designing dichroic coatings for preferably internal surfaces of glass blocks.
- One or both of these surfaces can be coated with dichroic materials, but generally coating one surface is sufficient.
- the coating within the interior of a glass block is preferred as naturally protected by the structure of the block itself.
- Glass tiles which are often laid on a wall or counter, produce visible colored patterns by reflectance from the dichroic coating that is preferably on a back surface of the tile.
- the dichroic coatings on the back side of a tile are also preferably covered with a protective coating, which is preferably opaque, so that the surface on which the tiles are mounted is not visible.
- the protective opaque coating can have many different colors, and these can play a role in the color pattern observable from the reflected light.
- the cross-sectional view of glass block 10 of FIG. 1 has a multi-layered dichroic coating 15 deposited or coated on an internal surface 11 .
- Light transmitted through block 10 is affected by the unevenness of surface 11 and the materials used in dichroic layers 15 for an observer on either side of block 10 .
- Both interior surfaces 11 and 12 can be coated with dichroic layers, but an interesting and variable result can be achieved with a single interior coating.
- External surfaces of glass block 10 can also be coated with dichroic materials, but this subjects the coatings to damage.
- Block 10 appears different when viewed from different sides or when viewed from different angles. These changes vary not only the colors that are made visible, but the patterns of the those colors. It is therefore possible to make blocks 10 that are endlessly variable among themselves by having different dichroic coatings and different surface unevenness.
- the glass tile 20 of FIG. 3 has a repeating pattern 25 making a rear surface of tile 20 uneven.
- This surface is preferably coated with dichroic layers 15 , which in turn are covered with a protective and preferably opaque layer 16 , as shown in FIG. 4 .
- Dichroic materials 15 interact with the uneven pattern 25 to change colors in different ways at different viewing angles.
- Tile pattern 25 can repeat as illustrated in FIG. 3 , or can extend in a single variation across the whole surface of tile 20 . Both the patterns that can be used and the dichroic materials that can be applied are practically endless. An added variation can be use of different colors of glass for the substrate of tile 20 .
- Glass tiles 20 can also be made transmissive by omitting opaque layer 16 . Transmissive glass tiles 20 can then be arranged in a see-through manner such as a door panel transmitting light in either direction. Glass tiles can also have opaque rear coatings 16 , as shown in FIG. 4 , and then be arranged back-to-back to present one variable color pattern on one side of a panel and another variable color pattern on the other side of the panel.
- Panel 40 of FIG. 5 schematically shows three tiles or blocks 30 arranged within frame 35 for use in a door or on a wall.
- Blocks or tiles 30 can be either transmissive or reflective, depending on whether the panel is arranged in a see-through position or is displayed against an opaque backdrop.
- Glass tiles can also be arranged back-to-back in panel 40 so that the tiles produce color patterns reflectively. Such patterns can vary on different sides of a panel, and at least one opaque coating can prevent transmission of light through both tiles.
- a stack of glass blocks similar to block 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2 are viewed at different camera angles in FIGS. 6 and 7 . These different views show how color patterns from the same blocks change with a small change in a viewing angle.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Decorative glass blocks, glass tiles, and glass panels.
- Glass has been used decoratively for millennia, and for decorative purposes, glass bodies have been shaped, surface patterned, colored, and surface coated in a multitude of ways. This nevertheless leaves unfulfilled an insatiable need for interesting new decorative effects.
- The inventive decorative effect involves varying color patterns resulting from dichroic materials coated on an uneven surface of a glass body. The dichroic materials transmit or reflect different colors of light, and the unevenness of the coated surface imposes patterns on the colors of light that are transmitted or reflected. These colors and patterns of colors also change with different viewing angles of an observer, which adds considerably to their decorative interest.
- Dichroic coatings, which are known, have been applied to plane surfaces for optical and technical reasons. Applying dichroic coatings to uneven glass surfaces has the unexpected effect of making color patterns vary with viewing angles. Colors in the patterns can change, and forms of color patterns can also change with different viewing angles so that the decorative effect is made lively and surprising.
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structural glass block having a dichroic coating on an undulating internal surface. -
FIG. 2 is an abstract representation of variable color patterns caused by the coating on the undulating surface of the block ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a glass tile having a patterned surface. -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tile ofFIG. 3 showing a dichroic coating on the patterned surface, and a protective coating over the dichroic coating. -
FIG. 5 is a partially schematic representation of a frame that includes glass tiles or blocks for a door or wall panel providing variable color patterns according to the invention. -
FIGS. 6 and 7 are photographs showing, at different viewing angles, a stack of glass blocks that are made decorative according to the invention. - The variable color patterns produced by the invention involve both an uneven surface of a glass body and a dichroic coating on the uneven surface. Uneven surfaces on glass bodies are known, and dichroic coatings on smooth plane surfaces are known, but neither of these by themselves produce color patterns of varying colors that change with an observer's angle of view. Dichroic coatings conforming to an uneven glass surface do produce such variable color patterns, which depend not only on the unevenness of a glass body surface, but also on the unevenness of a dichroic coating deposited on the glass body surface.
- Dichroic materials and the formation of these materials into thin optical coatings are well understood. These are described for example in Thin Film Optical Filters, Third Edition by Angus Macleod. Dichroic materials have the property of transmitting or reflecting light of selected wave lengths or colors, and correspondingly not transmitting or not reflecting light of other wave lengths or colors. Many materials are known to have such dichroic properties, and many ways of coating these materials on a glass surface are also known. These include several forms of vacuum deposition and sputtering, for example.
- Optical thin film coatings of dichroic materials are often used as filters, and these can be formed as long pass, short pass, band pass, interference, and mixtures of these. At least two dichroic material layers are required to achieve the decorative effects made possible by the invention, but many more than two layers can also be used. Four or more different dichroic layers are preferred to ensure that observable color patterns are interesting and variable. The dichroic materials used for coated layers also preferably differ from each other in the wave lengths of light they transmit or reflect.
- Uneven surfaces of glass bodies contribute to the interesting color patterns achievable with the invention. The glass body surfaces can be uneven in a multitude of ways. One way is to have an uneven topography with hills and valleys, for example. The unevenness can be predetermined by a mold or can even be random resulting from manufacturing irregularities. The insides of structural glass blocks, for example, are readily molded with an undulating surface that works well with dichroic materials.
- Uneven surfaces can also be patterned with variations that range from a micro to a macro scale. A pattern can repeat several times over a glass surface or a single pattern can extend its variation over a whole substrate, for example. Patterned unevenness of a glass surface can be textured to have visible irregularities. A glass surface can also be roughened by etching or sand blasting, and roughening can be applied in patterns that leave some of the surface specularly reflective.
- An uneven surface can also affect thickness of coatings of dichroic materials. The coating process may not be exactly uniform in the first place, and unevenness of the surface being coated can additionally attribute varying thickness to the coated materials. These variations can add unpredictable interest to the observable color patterns. An uneven surface can also be formed by etching, sand blasting, or other technique that modifies the reflectance and transmission of a glass surface that is otherwise nearly plane. Both front and back surfaces of a glass body can be made uneven, and the unevenness can be different for opposite surfaces so that each surface can contribute to the interesting effects achieved.
- Combinations of uneven glass surfaces and dichroic coatings can be complex enough so that the ways that color patterns will form and vary with different viewing angles can be quite unpredictable. This can add considerably to the decorative interest of a product, and interesting variation in the end result can even be left to random variations in manufacturing processes.
- The color of the glass used for a glass body can also play a role in the decorative effect produced. Dichroic coatings can be designed with glass color in mind to take advantage of different color pattern effects derivable from the dichroic coatings, the unevenness of surfaces, and the color of the glass substrate.
- Structural glass blocks are generally transmissive, and this is considered in designing dichroic coatings for preferably internal surfaces of glass blocks. One or both of these surfaces can be coated with dichroic materials, but generally coating one surface is sufficient. The coating within the interior of a glass block is preferred as naturally protected by the structure of the block itself.
- Glass tiles, which are often laid on a wall or counter, produce visible colored patterns by reflectance from the dichroic coating that is preferably on a back surface of the tile. The dichroic coatings on the back side of a tile are also preferably covered with a protective coating, which is preferably opaque, so that the surface on which the tiles are mounted is not visible. The protective opaque coating can have many different colors, and these can play a role in the color pattern observable from the reflected light.
- The cross-sectional view of
glass block 10 ofFIG. 1 has a multi-layereddichroic coating 15 deposited or coated on an internal surface 11. Light transmitted throughblock 10 is affected by the unevenness of surface 11 and the materials used indichroic layers 15 for an observer on either side ofblock 10. Bothinterior surfaces 11 and 12 can be coated with dichroic layers, but an interesting and variable result can be achieved with a single interior coating. External surfaces ofglass block 10 can also be coated with dichroic materials, but this subjects the coatings to damage. - The abstract representation of a variable color pattern for
block 10 as viewed inFIG. 2 is endlessly variable by changing an angle of view.Block 10 appears different when viewed from different sides or when viewed from different angles. These changes vary not only the colors that are made visible, but the patterns of the those colors. It is therefore possible to makeblocks 10 that are endlessly variable among themselves by having different dichroic coatings and different surface unevenness. - The
glass tile 20 ofFIG. 3 has a repeatingpattern 25 making a rear surface oftile 20 uneven. This surface is preferably coated withdichroic layers 15, which in turn are covered with a protective and preferablyopaque layer 16, as shown inFIG. 4 .Dichroic materials 15 interact with theuneven pattern 25 to change colors in different ways at different viewing angles.Tile pattern 25 can repeat as illustrated inFIG. 3 , or can extend in a single variation across the whole surface oftile 20. Both the patterns that can be used and the dichroic materials that can be applied are practically endless. An added variation can be use of different colors of glass for the substrate oftile 20. -
Glass tiles 20 can also be made transmissive by omittingopaque layer 16.Transmissive glass tiles 20 can then be arranged in a see-through manner such as a door panel transmitting light in either direction. Glass tiles can also have opaquerear coatings 16, as shown inFIG. 4 , and then be arranged back-to-back to present one variable color pattern on one side of a panel and another variable color pattern on the other side of the panel. -
Panel 40 ofFIG. 5 schematically shows three tiles or blocks 30 arranged withinframe 35 for use in a door or on a wall. Blocks ortiles 30 can be either transmissive or reflective, depending on whether the panel is arranged in a see-through position or is displayed against an opaque backdrop. Glass tiles can also be arranged back-to-back inpanel 40 so that the tiles produce color patterns reflectively. Such patterns can vary on different sides of a panel, and at least one opaque coating can prevent transmission of light through both tiles. - A stack of glass blocks similar to block 10 of
FIGS. 1 and 2 are viewed at different camera angles inFIGS. 6 and 7 . These different views show how color patterns from the same blocks change with a small change in a viewing angle.
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/132,076 US20080302039A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-03 | Decorative Effect for Glass Bodies |
US12/851,057 US20100330339A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2010-08-05 | Decorative effect for glass bodies |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US94281607P | 2007-06-08 | 2007-06-08 | |
US12/132,076 US20080302039A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-03 | Decorative Effect for Glass Bodies |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/851,057 Continuation-In-Part US20100330339A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2010-08-05 | Decorative effect for glass bodies |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20080302039A1 true US20080302039A1 (en) | 2008-12-11 |
Family
ID=40094570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/132,076 Abandoned US20080302039A1 (en) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-03 | Decorative Effect for Glass Bodies |
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US (1) | US20080302039A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD765879S1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-09-06 | Bormioli Rocco S.A. | Glass brick |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2379790A (en) * | 1942-03-31 | 1945-07-03 | Rca Corp | Dichroic reflector |
US4887404A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-12-19 | Nippon Electric Glass Company, Limited | Translucent glass brick made of opal glass with light diffusible crystal particles |
US5033245A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-07-23 | Glass Alternatives Corp. | Architectural building block |
US5038542A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-08-13 | Glass Alternatives Corp. | Architectural building block herewith |
US5160566A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-03 | Ashby Michael L | Decorative glass block |
US5333427A (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1994-08-02 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Decorative utilitarian glass block |
US5414968A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1995-05-16 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage International | Light-diffusing glass brick having embossed internal surface |
US5823661A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1998-10-20 | High End Systems, Inc. | Fused glass light pattern generator |
US6586077B1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2003-07-01 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Temperable patterned glass articles and methods of making same |
US20040163759A1 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-08-26 | Wilkinson Thomas C. | Decorative glass block |
US20050066603A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-03-31 | Mccoy John | Internally colored block and process |
US20050286386A1 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2005-12-29 | Edwards Jathan D | Dichroic coating for holographic data storage media |
US7022387B1 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2006-04-04 | Dwight Fertig | Decorative glass block and method for making a decorative glass block |
US20060215123A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical product and method of manufacturing the optical product |
US20080096011A1 (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-04-24 | Baccarat | Crystal Volume Having a Decorative Dichroic Visual Effect |
-
2008
- 2008-06-03 US US12/132,076 patent/US20080302039A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2379790A (en) * | 1942-03-31 | 1945-07-03 | Rca Corp | Dichroic reflector |
US4887404A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1989-12-19 | Nippon Electric Glass Company, Limited | Translucent glass brick made of opal glass with light diffusible crystal particles |
US5033245A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-07-23 | Glass Alternatives Corp. | Architectural building block |
US5038542A (en) * | 1990-01-16 | 1991-08-13 | Glass Alternatives Corp. | Architectural building block herewith |
US5160566A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-03 | Ashby Michael L | Decorative glass block |
US5414968A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1995-05-16 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage International | Light-diffusing glass brick having embossed internal surface |
US5333427A (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1994-08-02 | Anchor Hocking Corporation | Decorative utilitarian glass block |
US5823661A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1998-10-20 | High End Systems, Inc. | Fused glass light pattern generator |
US6586077B1 (en) * | 2000-02-07 | 2003-07-01 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Temperable patterned glass articles and methods of making same |
US20040163759A1 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-08-26 | Wilkinson Thomas C. | Decorative glass block |
US20050066603A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-03-31 | Mccoy John | Internally colored block and process |
US7022387B1 (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2006-04-04 | Dwight Fertig | Decorative glass block and method for making a decorative glass block |
US20050286386A1 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2005-12-29 | Edwards Jathan D | Dichroic coating for holographic data storage media |
US20080096011A1 (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-04-24 | Baccarat | Crystal Volume Having a Decorative Dichroic Visual Effect |
US20060215123A1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2006-09-28 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Optical product and method of manufacturing the optical product |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD765879S1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2016-09-06 | Bormioli Rocco S.A. | Glass brick |
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