US20080236380A1 - Firearm with a Pressure Accumulator - Google Patents

Firearm with a Pressure Accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080236380A1
US20080236380A1 US11/908,589 US90858906A US2008236380A1 US 20080236380 A1 US20080236380 A1 US 20080236380A1 US 90858906 A US90858906 A US 90858906A US 2008236380 A1 US2008236380 A1 US 2008236380A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
barrel
accumulator
pressure accumulator
firearm according
breech
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/908,589
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English (en)
Inventor
Jozsef Toth
Istvan Attila Levai
Istvan Balazs
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of US20080236380A1 publication Critical patent/US20080236380A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/62—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks using combustion gas pressure for adding to the mechanical locking action, or for delaying breech opening movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/90—Fluid buffers
    • F41A3/94—Fluid buffers in combination with spring buffers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firearm with pressure accumulator for eliminating the fundamental drawbacks of known and used firearms and unifies and improves their basically advantageous properties.
  • the missile leaves the barrel of traditional firearms with a muzzle velocity of maximum 1-1.6 km/s.
  • a major disadvantage of this solution is that the pressure of gases driving the missile forward is uneven, and at the same time, the missile above the calibre is difficult to move due to its extraordinarily large size and weight and it is also very expensive.
  • the guiding shoes are quickly worn when consuming the significant part of the driving energy at every shot.
  • the invention is related to solving the above problems so that the major part of the gases originating from the combustion of an increased amount of gunpowder is introduced into a pressure accumulator, whereas the smaller part flows into a barrel of strongly increased length driving the missile forward, then as the missile passes through the barrel, gases accumulated in the pressure accumulator flow into the barrel, and drive the missile along the total length of the barrel with a nearly identical pressure.
  • the invention consists of a firearm with pressure accumulator, which is provided with an increased amount of gunpowder and significantly increased barrel length as compared to traditional firearms.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 their principal advantages as compared to former firearms are illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 , whereas its embodiments are shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 and 8 in longitudinal sectional views.
  • FIG. 1 a shows the traditional firearm in which the gases of gunpowder charge 3 situated in the cartridge chamber accelerate directly missile 2 in barrel 1 .
  • FIG. 1 b illustrates the solution applying guide shoes elaborated in frame of the HARP program, in which the gases of gunpowder charge 3 drive missile 2 forward by means of guide shoe 4 in barrel 1 .
  • this solution it is striking that the size of gunpowder charge 3 is too large in comparison with the size of missile 2 .
  • This is understandable as this solution ensures a nearly twice so high muzzle velocity, which requires the combustion of a 4 time larger amount of gunpowder as energy source.
  • the relatively large bore diameter of barrel 1 as compared to missile 2 is also striking, the further increase of which is limited by the rapid increase of the strength stress of the guide shoes 4 .
  • FIG. 1 c shows the new firearm construction according to the invention.
  • this solution is also the large size of gunpowder charge 3 relative to missile 2 conspicuous. This increased amount guarantees the muzzle velocity above 3 km/s achievable with this method.
  • the gases of the increased amount of gunpowder accelerate directly missile 2 , i.e. no losses due to the application of guide shoe 4 take place.
  • the calibre of barrel 1 corresponds to the cylinder size of missile 2 , just like in traditional guns, i.e. there is no need for a barrel 1 of immense mass, large calibre, which would be difficult to move.
  • a pressure accumulator 5 ensures that the gases of the larger amount of gunpowder do not push out barrel 1 .
  • Pressure accumulator 5 namely, takes up the excess gas appearing at tie first part of barrel 1 , and recuperates it at the later parts to barrel 1 .
  • a strongly lengthened barrel can ensure working of the total amount of the gas.
  • the invention ensures maximum shooting range by applying a barrel length corresponding to a calibre of 250-300.
  • FIG. 3 a pressure accumulator 5 provided with a ring piston 10 is shown.
  • the ring piston 10 is recoiled against a spring 13 and increases accumulator space 15 , thus a significant amount of the gunpowder gas streams into accumulator space 15 against the pressure of spring 13 .
  • the compression of spring 13 then its subsequent extension maintains the relatively uniform, long-lasting gas pressure in barrel 1 .
  • missile 2 leaves barrel 1 the gas pressure in accumulator space 15 drops, and ring piston 10 is shocked forward by spring 13 .
  • a gas cushion 17 enclosed between a ring flange 18 and ring channel 16 reduces the harmful impact of this shock.
  • ring piston 10 should be sealed both from outside and inside owing to its ring nature, this sealing is provided by seals 12 and 21 . This double sealing is not efficient enough.
  • ring piston 10 surrounds gunpowder charge 3 and does not allow to feed the gunpowder from the side. Gunpowder can be fed exclusively from behind, from the direction of cut-off body 19 provided with a firing connector 20 , which makes high speed charging difficult.
  • Charging space 33 comprises a cut-off body 31 and a twin cut-off body 32 malting high speed charging from the side possible.
  • Gunpowder gases formed at the combustion of gunpowder charge 3 flow partly to barrel 1 , partly in two directions via radial bores 14 : through mediating bore 22 into the accumulator space 23 at the right side, and through mediating bore 24 into the accumulator space 25 at the left side.
  • Gases flowing into the right accumulator space 23 recoil cylindrical piston 28 against spring 30 in the right-side cylindrical space 27
  • gases flowing into the left-side accumulator space 24 recoil the other cylindrical piston 28 against spring 29 in the left-side cylindrical space 26 .
  • Springs 29 and 30 are preferably oppositely wound spirals, and they are supported from behind by lock caps 34 .
  • the drawback of pressure accumulator according to FIG. 4 is that due to the relatively small diameters of the left-side cylindrical space 26 and the Tight-side cylindrical space 27 , only springs 29 , 30 of relatively small diameters can be applied, the spring stress of which are not suitable to maintain large gas pressures used in long distance missiles.
  • Embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is suitable for eliminating this drawback, which solves the problem of maintaining large spring force by using springs 38 , 39 , 40 of relatively large diameter and placed into each other.
  • this embodiment is identical with the former ones.
  • gunpowder gases originating from the combustion of gunpowder charge 3 leave bascule 31 to two directions: partly via neck 7 and bore 9 to barrel 1 , and partly via gas outlet bore 42 to pressure accumulator housing 43 mounted on breech 6 from behind.
  • Preferably oppositely wound spirals springs 38 , 39 , 40 support pressure accumulator piston 43 from behind, and protection against metallic butt on at the shifting forward of pressure accumulator piston 43 is provided by a gas cushion 17 closing into ring brake space 44 .
  • Embodiment according to FIG. 6 is capable of providing an even larger spring force by developing an open accumulator, and at the same time, due to its open structure, the movement of pressure accumulator piston 43 makes charging or other procedures possible.
  • the gun with pressure accumulator according to the invention is also capable of operating as a recoilless gun. This fact influences positively the cost of its manufacturing, its shot accuracy and speed of fire. Activities bound traditionally to the recoil of the barrel, such as feeding, should be solved in this invention in another way: electromagnetically, electropneumatically, etc. In the embodiment showed in FIG. 6 , this task can be solved mechanically by the movement of accumulator piston 43 .
  • These springs may be equally made of both special steel materials and different fibrous plastic materials.
  • a significant disadvantage of mechanical springs is their large mass and limited operation speed.
  • the swivel inertia of large moving masses can make the pressure in barrel 1 uneven decreasing thereby the efficiency of the gun according to the invention.
  • swivel waves propagate e.g. in steel by a velocity of 5 km/s. At such velocities occurring in this embodiment, the durability of the springs may be reduced significantly.
  • embodiments 7 and 8 were born, in which various elastic gas media are applied as springs.
  • gases originating from the combustion of gunpowder charge 50 situated in bascule 19 fill out cylindrical space 11 .
  • This gas of 500-1000 bar pressure jolts accumulator piston 43 forwards.
  • the gas pressure formed by combusting gunpowder charge 3 with a pressure of 3000-6000 bars jolts accumulator piston 43 backwards and keeps in equilibrium with the pressure of cylindrical space 11 .
  • This equilibrium is the reason for the long lasting, relatively even gas pressure in barrel 1 .
  • missile 2 leaves barrel 1 the pressure in cylindrical space 11 jolts accumulator piston 43 forwards.
  • braking pin 35 closes the bore 42 leading the gases backwards, thus accumulator piston 43 is braked without a metallic impact.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8 is very similar to the former; with the difference that a gas develops the pressure in cylindrical space 11 introduced through gas connector 52 and valve 51 .
  • the gas introduced may be a neutral one of high pressure, e.g. nitrogen or air, but may also be a combustible gas, e.g. acetylene combusted in cylindrical space 11 developing thereby the high gas pressure needed.
  • the main advantage consists of the fact that in case of a suitably large gunpowder charge and barrel length, the muzzle velocity of the firearm according to the invention can exceed significantly those achievable with firearms known till now.
  • Another large advantage of the solution according to the invention is that fast combusting, brisant gunpowders with large stretching force can be used without damaging the barrel.
  • a further advantageous property is—mainly at using self bearing rockets—that the mild, smooth acceleration in the barrel does not cause an explosion of the explosive material being in the barrel, neither are the instruments and structural parts sensitive against rattle damaged.
  • the invention means a step forward almost in every size range of firearms: it can be applied e.g. in long range guns for reaching a shot distance of 4-6 km, or in air defence machine guns for fighting down targets in a height of 30-35 km by self directing rockets, and it is also applicable in intercontinental rockets of large size for reaching a shot range of 500-1000 km.
  • the embodiments according to the invention applying pressure accumulator is applicable not only for increasing the shot range, but by restricting the pressure of gases originating from the combustion of the gunpowder, the missile is accelerated in the barrel smoothly and evenly making it especially well applicable for firing rockets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US11/908,589 2005-03-16 2006-03-16 Firearm with a Pressure Accumulator Abandoned US20080236380A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP0500300 2005-03-16
HU0500300A HU227997B1 (hu) 2005-03-16 2005-03-16 Növelt lõportöltettel és növelt hosszúságú csõvel rendelkezõ nyomásakkumulátoros lõfegyver
PCT/HU2006/000022 WO2006097777A1 (en) 2005-03-16 2006-03-16 Firearm with a pressure accumulator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080236380A1 true US20080236380A1 (en) 2008-10-02

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ID=89985877

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US11/908,589 Abandoned US20080236380A1 (en) 2005-03-16 2006-03-16 Firearm with a Pressure Accumulator

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20080236380A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP1864072A1 (ru)
HU (1) HU227997B1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2382976C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2006097777A1 (ru)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110226346A1 (en) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Accumulator with solenoid valve
RU2716375C1 (ru) * 2019-04-19 2020-03-11 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-воздушных сил "Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н.Е. Жуковского и Ю.А. Гагарина" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Устройство проверки цепей пуска и пристрелки блоков неуправляемых авиационных ракет

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2736305C1 (ru) * 2019-12-10 2020-11-13 Владимир Михайлович Палецких Способ уменьшения усилия отдачи огнестрельного оружия и пушка с откидным патронником для его реализации. варианты

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1469918A (en) * 1923-02-06 1923-10-09 Maine Ernest M De Recoil-controlling device
US1895719A (en) * 1930-07-05 1933-01-31 Lahti Aimo Johannes Automatic firearm
US2129875A (en) * 1935-05-25 1938-09-13 Rost Helge Ammunition and firearm
US2420492A (en) * 1945-01-30 1947-05-13 William M Marseilles Recoil absorber for guns
US2590981A (en) * 1947-06-20 1952-04-01 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Pivoted breech closure and lock member
US3118342A (en) * 1964-01-21 Bore evacuator for cannons
US3261264A (en) * 1965-02-10 1966-07-19 Curtis L Wilson Gas operated firearm
US4126077A (en) * 1977-01-18 1978-11-21 Quesnel Henry R Recoil reducing system for rifles, guns, cannons and the like
US5109748A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-05-05 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh Smoke exhaust device for gun barrels
US5245905A (en) * 1992-10-01 1993-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Continuous bore evacuation system
US5337649A (en) * 1991-09-16 1994-08-16 Bofors Ab Device for controlling ammunition units discharged in salvos by charges composable from part charges

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR384597A (fr) * 1908-01-18 1908-04-14 Uldarique Marga Arme à feu
FR2466740A1 (fr) * 1979-10-05 1981-04-10 David Michel Systeme d'arme a chambre de tir fermee ou manoeuvree par emprunts de gaz dans le canon

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3118342A (en) * 1964-01-21 Bore evacuator for cannons
US1469918A (en) * 1923-02-06 1923-10-09 Maine Ernest M De Recoil-controlling device
US1895719A (en) * 1930-07-05 1933-01-31 Lahti Aimo Johannes Automatic firearm
US2129875A (en) * 1935-05-25 1938-09-13 Rost Helge Ammunition and firearm
US2420492A (en) * 1945-01-30 1947-05-13 William M Marseilles Recoil absorber for guns
US2590981A (en) * 1947-06-20 1952-04-01 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Pivoted breech closure and lock member
US3261264A (en) * 1965-02-10 1966-07-19 Curtis L Wilson Gas operated firearm
US4126077A (en) * 1977-01-18 1978-11-21 Quesnel Henry R Recoil reducing system for rifles, guns, cannons and the like
US5109748A (en) * 1990-05-17 1992-05-05 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh Smoke exhaust device for gun barrels
US5337649A (en) * 1991-09-16 1994-08-16 Bofors Ab Device for controlling ammunition units discharged in salvos by charges composable from part charges
US5245905A (en) * 1992-10-01 1993-09-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Continuous bore evacuation system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110226346A1 (en) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Accumulator with solenoid valve
US8677742B2 (en) * 2010-03-16 2014-03-25 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Accumulator with solenoid valve
RU2716375C1 (ru) * 2019-04-19 2020-03-11 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-воздушных сил "Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н.Е. Жуковского и Ю.А. Гагарина" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Устройство проверки цепей пуска и пристрелки блоков неуправляемых авиационных ракет

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU0500300D0 (en) 2005-05-30
RU2007134086A (ru) 2009-04-27
RU2382976C2 (ru) 2010-02-27
WO2006097777A1 (en) 2006-09-21
HUP0500300A2 (en) 2007-09-28
EP1864072A1 (en) 2007-12-12
HU227997B1 (hu) 2012-08-28

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Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO PAY ISSUE FEE