US20080136248A1

US20080136248A1 - Spoked wheel for a bicycle

Info

Publication number: US20080136248A1
Application number: US12/030,918
Authority: US
Inventors: Maurizio Passarotto
Original assignee: Campagnolo SRL
Current assignee: Campagnolo SRL
Priority date: 2003-03-28
Filing date: 2008-02-14
Publication date: 2008-06-12
Also published as: TW200505700A; JP2004352223A; CN1533921A; EP1462274A1; US20040227391A1; CN100469597C; US7331638B2

Abstract

A spoked wheel for a bicycle is described herein, comprising a hub, a rim and a plurality of spokes that connect the hub to the rim. The spokes comprise a first set of spokes arranged on one side of the wheel, made up of spokes connected to a first portion of the hub, and a second set of spokes arranged on the other side of the wheel, made up of spokes connected to a second portion of the hub. The second hub portion is set at an axial distance from said first portion. The spokes of the first set are grouped together into pairs set at angular distances apart from one another with the spokes of each pair that have their outer ends set close to one another.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/812,140, filed Mar. 29, 2004, which is incorporated by reference as if fully set forth.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a spoked wheel for a bicycle, particularly one that comprises a hub, a rim, and a plurality of spokes that connect the hub to the rim. The spokes comprise a first set of spokes arranged on one side of the wheel, made up of spokes connected to a first portion of the hub, and a second set of spokes connected to a second portion of the hub set at an axial distance from said first portion and are arranged on the other side of the wheel.

BACKGROUND

Recent studies and research have been aimed at identifying new configurations of spoked wheels for bicycles leading to better performances of the wheel, as well as creating an original and innovative aesthetic effect.
Research in the field of spoked wheels for road racing bicycles has been directed to identifying increasingly important solutions that optimally reduce weight and increase the static and dynamic stability of the wheel. Research has also been directed to increasing structural strength and reduction in the risks of failure of the spokes of the wheel.
The spokes of road racing wheels make a substantial contribution to maintaining the static and dynamic stability of the bicycle wheel. Particularly in rear wheels, the spokes are responsible for transmitting the driving torque from the hub to the rim of the wheel. The driving torque transmission should occur with the maximum possible efficiency, and with minimum deformations, so as not to dissipate the energy exerted on the pedals by a cyclist. Finally, the desired results should be achieved with the minimum weight possible and without introducing risk factors for failure in the spokes. From this standpoint, a particularly critical factor is the tensioning of the spokes during wheel assembly. One of the purposes of said tensioning is to guarantee that the rim will always remain “centered” or “true”, i.e., it will not shift away from a median plane of the wheel orthogonal to the axis of the hub and equidistant from the ends of the hub itself. Thus, the spokes of a typical spoked wheel include a first set of spokes on one side of the wheel, connected to a first hub portion, and a second set of spokes on the other side of the wheel, connected to a second hub portion. The second hub portion being set at an axial distance from the first portion. Consequently, the spokes on the two sides of the wheel have an inclination or camber angle with respect to the median plane of the wheel. This inclination causes the spoke tensioning to give rise to components of force in a direction parallel to the axis of the wheel. Balancing of the components of force keeps the rim in the centered or true condition. Spoke tensioning is most critical in wheels where the spokes on the two sides of the wheel present different camber angles. This is typically the case for spokes of the rear wheel. A rear wheel hub carries at one end, a sprocket cassette. The spokes set on the side of the wheel bearing the sprocket cassette have camber angles or inclinations that are considerably smaller than the camber angles or inclinations of the spokes on the other side. Obviously, the spokes with smaller inclinations must be tensioned more than the spokes on the other side in order to guarantee the centered position of the rim. This higher tensioning gives rise to a greater risk of failure of the individual spoke itself. Different spoke camber angles on the two sides of the wheel is not unique to rear wheels. It exists in general in any wheel, whether rear or front, in which the hub is partially occupied, for instance, by the disk of a disk brake.

SUMMARY

The present invention provides a spoked wheel comprising a rim, a hub having a first anchoring portion and a second anchoring portion for anchoring spokes and a plurality of spokes that connect the hub to the rim. A first set of spokes are connected to the first anchoring portion and a second set of spokes is connected to the second anchoring portion. The wheel comprises at least two spokes wherein at least one of the two sets of spokes are grouped together to form a pair that has no spoke of the other set interposed. Further advantageous characteristics of the spoked wheel according to the invention are specified below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description with reference to the appended drawings, which are provided purely by way of non-limiting example and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a spoked wheel for a bicycle according to the prior art, viewed in the direction of the axis of the wheel;

FIG. 2 illustrates a first embodiment of the wheel according to the invention, viewed in the direction of the axis of the wheel;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view, of a detail of the wheel illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the wheel according to the invention, viewed in the direction of the axis of the wheel;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view, of a detail of the wheel of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view used for illustrating some advantages of the invention with respect to the prior art;

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the wheel according to the invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates a further alternate embodiment of the wheel according to the invention;

FIG. 9 is an alternate embodiment of the wheel according to the invention; and

FIG. 10 is a further alternate embodiment of the wheel of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

With reference to FIG. 1, illustrated therein is a conventional bicycle wheel, designated as a whole by the reference number 1. The wheel comprises a hub 2, a rim 3 on which a tire 4 can be mounted, a plurality of spokes A belonging to a first set, which connect one side 2 a of the hub 2 to the rim 3, and a plurality of spokes B belonging to a second set, which connect the other side 2 b of the hub 2 to the rim 3. As viewed in the direction of the wheels axis, spokes A of the first set alternate with the spokes B of the second set. In a conventional wheel, the spokes are uniformly distributed along the rim, and the distance, or pitch, between two adjacent spokes that belong to two different sets, is designated by P. It is evident that the pitch P depends upon the total number of spokes that form the wheel and that it is given by C/N, where C is the internal circumference of the rim and N is the total number of spokes of the wheel.
Alternatively, FIGS. 2 to 7, and 9 to 10, illustrate alternate embodiments of the wheel according to the invention, considering that other and different embodiments are possible, all of which are comprised within the scope of the present invention.
In said figures, the parts that are in common or correspond to those illustrated in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numbers.
The present description will not go into any detail of the structure and conformation of the hub 2 and of the rim 3, since these elements are known and the structure of these components alone does not fall within the scope of the present invention. Likewise, the mechanical fastening or physical way in which each spoke is connected, at one end, to the hub 2 and, at the other end, to the rim 3, is not illustrated in detail. Any known technique suitable for this purpose can be used. The elimination of said constructional details from the drawings makes the latter easier and faster to understand the invention.
FIGS. 2 and 3 refer to the use of the invention with a rear bicycle wheel, in which a sprocket cassette 5 is associated with the hub 2. This cassette comprises a plurality of sprockets designed to selectively engage the drive chain of the bicycle in a conventional way.
The spokes that connect the hub to the rim of the wheel according to the invention are arranged in first and second sets, on the two opposite sides of the wheel. The spokes of the first set, designated by A, are connected to one end 2 a of the hub 2 adjacent to the sprocket cassette 5, and the spokes of the second set, designated by B, are connected to a portion 2 b of the hub 2, set at an axial distance from the end 2 a.
In all the embodiments of the wheel according to the invention, the spokes A of the first set are grouped together into a plurality of pairs C, which, in the example illustrated, are set at an equal distance one from the other. FIG. 2 shows five pairs C of spokes A, but the number of said pairs C may vary widely, for instance between a minimum of four pairs and a maximum of fourteen pairs.
By “pair of spokes C” is meant that, contrary to the traditional wheel of FIG. 1, between two spokes belonging to the same set, specifically between two spokes A, no spokes are interposed that belong to the other set, in this case spokes B. Furthermore, the spokes of each pair C are also brought close together, i.e., the distance L between the outer ends of the two spokes A of each pair C, or between the points of attachment to the rim 3, is smaller than the pitch P of a conventional wheel having the same total number of spokes, where P is given by C/N, C being the internal circumference of the rim and N being the total number of spokes of the wheel. In one preferred embodiment, the distance L between spokes A of pair C is less than or equal to 60% of pitch P. In a second preferred embodiment, the distance L is equal to or less than 40% of said pitch P, and in a particularly preferred solution, said distance is equal to or less than 25% of said pitch P.
In another embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 8, in a rim having a sufficient width, spokes A of the pair C may be connected to the rim substantially on the same point, by reducing the distance L between the two spokes A of the pair C substantially to zero. In a further embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, spokes A of each pair C may converge in the same point of the rim, by means of connection element D provided with a connection means that makes it possible to simultaneously tension spokes A.
By the coupling of spokes A, each pair C of spokes A becomes structurally equivalent to a single spoke of a larger cross section without, however, increasing weight. This effect is further improved by the close coupling of the two spokes.
The distance L between the two spokes of the pair C is chosen so as to cause the tensile stress and the compressive stress (meant as reduction of the initial assembly tensile stress), transmitted simultaneously from the hub of the rear wheel (when the cyclist exerts force on the pedals) respectively to the two spokes of each pair C, generates locally, on the portion of the rim to which the spokes are connected, a much smaller moment than the one that would be generated with a traditional spoking and, namely, almost negligible, with a consequent low stressing of the rim itself.
In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, spokes A of each pair C originate from two diametrically opposite points of the hub. Spokes A converge with respect to one another towards the rim, according to two directions tangential to the axis of the hub, until they reach a distance apart at their outer ends that is smaller than the diameter of the hub and is considerably smaller than the distance between adjacent pairs C.
The aforesaid arrangement is particularly suited to a rear wheel. In a preferred embodiment, the number of pairs C of spokes A is equal to the number of spokes B. Therefore, the rear wheel has twice the number of spokes on the side of the spokes A, i.e., the side of the wheel on which the sprockets are arranged, than the number of spokes B on the opposite side.
This arrangement leads to important advantages from the point of view of structural strength of the wheel. In particular, the spokes' resistance to failure is enhanced and will be discussed below with reference to FIG. 6. This figure is a sectional view, corresponding to a view in the plane containing the axis of the wheel, which also illustrates the fork of the bicycle frame on which the wheel is mounted. The view of FIG. 6 is a hypothetical view, since it shows spoke B on the left-hand side of the wheel and a pair of spokes A (only one of which can be seen) on the right-hand side of the wheel, as if these spokes were in a common plane, whereas, in reality, they are in different planes.
When in use with a rear wheel, as seen in FIG. 6, the presence of the sprocket cassette 5 at one end of the hub 2 indicates that the spokes A set on that side of the hub will have an inclination α with respect to the median plane M of the wheel that is considerably smaller than the inclination β with respect to the median plane M of the spokes B. The median plane M is defined as the plane orthogonal to the axis X of the hub that is substantially equidistant from the ends of the hub 2.
By convention, each spoke of the spoked wheel is mounted and applied with a given tensile force. In FIG. 6, T_Aand T_Bdesignate the components of tensile forces applied to the two-spoke set on the opposite sides of the wheel. The components of the two forces (T_A, T_B) in a direction parallel to the axis X of the wheel are generally designated by T_AOand T_BOin FIG. 6.
In conventional wheels having an equal number of spokes on the two sides of the wheel, in order for horizontal components T_AOand T_BOto be balanced with one another, so as to keep the rim 3 in the vertical plane M, it is necessary for the tensile force T_Ato be much higher than the tensile force T_Bdue to its smaller inclination. To be precise, the ratio between the tensile force T_Aand the tensile force T_B(of course always considering the tensile forces in the plane of FIG. 6) must be substantially equal to and opposite to the ratio of the sines of the angles of inclination α and β. This condition applies, in the conventional wheel, to each pair of spokes belonging to two different sides of the wheel and also applies, as a whole, with reference to the total tensile forces of the spokes set on one side and on the other side of the wheel. Furthermore, in conventional wheels, the tensioning of the spokes on the sprockets side is very high, with a consequent high risk of failure.
In view of the above, it is evident that the spoke arrangement according to the invention leads to important advantages. First of all, since the number of spokes A is twice the number of spokes B, the tensile force T_Aof each spoke A is substantially smaller than that required by a conventional wheel. Particularly, for each spoke B, the are two spokes A, so that for each tensile force T_B, there is a corresponding tensile force T_A, that is the sum of two tensile forces T_A1+T_A2that the two spokes A of each pair apply as a whole to the rim 3. T_A1and T_A2are generally equal to one another, but could also be different.
Furthermore, it is important to note that, in the case of a typical rear wheel, the ratio between the sine of β and the sine of α is approximately of 2:1. Therefore, in the rim's balanced condition, each spoke A may be tensioned with a tensile force that substantially approaches that of each spoke B. In other words, when the components of the tensile forces of the spokes in radial planes containing the axis of the wheel are considered, all the spokes come to have tensile forces that are substantially equal to one another.
With reference to the sums of the tensile forces of the spokes on the two sides of the wheel, the balance condition of the tensile forces of the spokes in the direction of the axis of the wheel applies to the wheel as a whole.
The above advantages of the embodiment in FIGS. 2 and 3 namely, greater strength and resistance of the spokes, lower tensioning of the spokes on the sprocket side, and lower risk of failure of the spokes are all obtained without weight increase. These advantages are achieved with a relatively uniform distribution of the points of spokes anchoring on the rim. This uniform distribution provides optimal geometrical stability of the circular shape of the rim itself.
In addition to providing the substantial advantages discussed above, a wheel having a different number of spokes between the two camber angles as in this invention is particularly advantageous for a wheel which has an equal number of spokes for both of the camber angles. Although this is typically the case for a front wheel, an equal number of spokes for both of the camber angles may also be used for a rear wheel.
An example of this embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. In the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, spokes B of the second set are grouped into pairs, which are arranged at equal distances apart from one another and alternated angularly between spoke pairs A. In this arrangement, the spokes on the two sides of the wheel are equal in number.
Alternatively, it is possible to arrange both spokes A and spokes B in pairs on both sides of the wheel. The pairs on the two sides have the same angular positions, so that in each rim area where the spokes attach, two pairs of spokes belonging, respectively, to the two sides of the wheel converge, see FIG. 9. It is also possible that on one or both sides of the wheel, pairs of spokes alternate with single spokes, which are also set on the same side, see FIG. 10.
As is evident from the foregoing description and from the appended drawings, the invention provides a new wheel arrangement with an innovative technical solution and an original aesthetic appearance.

Claims

1. A bicycle wheel comprising:

a hub having an axis (X) and first and second portions on different sides of a median plane (M) which is perpendicular to the axis (X);

a rim;

a plurality of spokes, arranged in sets of spokes, connecting the hub to the rim;

a first set of said spokes connecting the first portion of the hub to the rim on a first side of the median plane; and

a second set of said spokes connecting the second portion of the hub to the rim on a second side of the median plane,

each set of said spokes arranged so that no spoke of the other set is interposed and that the spokes on each side of the median plane produce generally equal forces in opposite directions along the axis (X) that maintain the rim centered about the median plane.

2. The wheel of claim 1, wherein the spokes of each group of spokes, viewed in the direction of the wheel's axis, have an arrangement that is specular with respect to a radial plane of symmetry.

3. The wheel of claim 2, wherein in each set of spokes, the spokes connected to at least one of the two hub portions include a spoke which, when viewed in the direction of the wheel's axis, is set at the center between two sets, in said radial plane of symmetry.

4. The wheel of claim 1, wherein spokes on the second side of the median plane extend radially from the hub to the rim when viewed along the axis.

5. The wheel of claim 1, wherein the spokes of the first and second sets of spokes are arranged in pairs.

6. The wheel of claim 5, wherein the spoke pairs of the first set are connected to a hub portion on the first side of the median plane and the spoke pairs of the second set are connected to a hub portion on the second side of the median plane, said hub portions set at an axial distance apart.

7. The wheel of claim 5, wherein tensile forces of the spokes of each set of spokes have components of force in the direction of the axis of the wheel and are substantially balanced with one another.

8. The wheel of claim 6, wherein tensile forces of the spoke pairs connected to the hub portion on the first side of the median plane are substantially equal to one another.

9. The wheel of claim 6, wherein the sum of tensile forces of the spokes connected to the hub portion on the first side of the median plane and tensile force of the spokes connected to the hub portion on the second side of the median plane have their tensile force components in a plane containing the axis of the wheel, and wherein the components are in a ratio with respect to one another that is substantially equal and inverse to the ratio of the sines of respective angles of inclination with respect to said median plane.

10. The wheel of claim 4, wherein the wheel is a rear bicycle wheel and wherein the spokes are oriented with all of the radially extending spokes on the same hub portion, so that one hub portion has twice the number of spokes than the other hub portion.

11. The wheel of claim 10, wherein the hub portion with twice the number of spokes than the other is the hub potion corresponding to the end of the hub which accepts a sprocket cassette.

12. The wheel of claim 1, wherein the spokes connecting the first hub portion to the rim and the spokes connecting the second hub portion to the rim have identical angular positions.

13. The wheel of claim 12, wherein the spokes converge at a point on the rim.

14. The wheel of claim 1, wherein the spokes connecting the first hub portion to the rim and the spokes connecting the second hub portion to the rim are alternately arranged between spoke pairs and single spokes on the same hub portion.

15. A bicycle wheel comprising:

a hub having an axis and first and second portions situated on either side of a median plane perpendicular to the axis;

a rim;

a plurality of spokes that connect the rim to the hub that are arranged in first and second sets, the spokes of the first set attached to the first hub portion and the spokes of the second set attached to the second hub portion; the spokes of the first set being arranged in pairs evenly spaced apart on the rim.

16. The wheel of claim 15, wherein the spokes of the second set are individually arranged on the rim between two spoke pairs of the first set.

17. The wheel of claim 15, wherein the spokes of the second set are arranged in pairs on the rim between two spoke pairs of the first set.

18. The wheel of claim 16, wherein the spokes of the first set converge at a point on the rim.

19. The wheel of claim 16, wherein the spokes of the second set extend radially from the hub to the rim when viewed along the axis.