US20080090201A1 - Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals - Google Patents

Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080090201A1
US20080090201A1 US11/546,817 US54681706A US2008090201A1 US 20080090201 A1 US20080090201 A1 US 20080090201A1 US 54681706 A US54681706 A US 54681706A US 2008090201 A1 US2008090201 A1 US 2008090201A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
jaw
articulator
cast
marking
cast support
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Abandoned
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US11/546,817
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence F. Andrews
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US11/546,817 priority Critical patent/US20080090201A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2007/021517 priority patent/WO2008045402A2/fr
Publication of US20080090201A1 publication Critical patent/US20080090201A1/en
Priority to US12/653,132 priority patent/US8282394B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
    • A61C11/02—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings characterised by the arrangement, location or type of the hinge means ; Articulators with pivots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
    • A61C11/005—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings with tracing devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C11/00—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings
    • A61C11/08—Dental articulators, i.e. for simulating movement of the temporo-mandibular joints; Articulation forms or mouldings with means to secure dental casts to articulator
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C2201/00—Material properties
    • A61C2201/002—Material properties using colour effect, e.g. for identification purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49567—Dental appliance making

Definitions

  • a dental articulator apparatus includes visible coding on articulator components to indicate the present positions of a person's teeth and jaws with respect to goals of orthodontic and/or surgical treatment.
  • the visible coding indicates at least a direction, and preferably, a direction and a distance, which a person's teeth and/or jaws must be moved by orthodontics treatment and/or by surgery to achieve the goals.
  • Orthodontic practice has undergone a significant evolution in the past fifty years, with new diagnostic and treatment techniques emerging and rapidly replacing the standard practices of the preceding century.
  • 1950s and 1960s research was undertaken to determine optimal occlusion, in terms of quantifying dental arch characteristics and tooth positions of naturally optimal dentitions. See Andrews, L F. The Six Keys To Normal Occlusion. Am. J. Orthod. 1972;62:296-309. See also Andrews L F. Straight Wire, The Concept and Appliance. San Diego: LA Wells Co; 1989; 407 p. Since 1970, this information has been practiced by orthodontists worldwide. From 1970 to 1990, research was undertaken to learn if individuals with balanced faces shared arch and jaw position characteristics. Such characteristics were found and reported.
  • anatomical landmark is an anatomical point or line having a uniquely correct aesthetic and positional relationship with the teeth or jaws when they are optimally positioned.
  • optimal arch shape (Element I)
  • optimal tooth positions are measured relative to the occlusal plane.
  • the teeth and jaws are measured with respect to anatomical landmarks that relate optimal occlusion to facial balance.
  • GALL Goal Anterior Limit Line
  • FA Pt Facial Axis Point
  • AP jaw positions are considered to be optimal when both arches are optimal (Element I), interarch relationship is optimal (Key I of the Six Keys), and the FA Pt of the maxillary central incisor touches the GALL. See Schlosser J B, Preston C B, Lampasso J.
  • Orthodontic practice has historically utilized a number of useful tools to assess dental condition, to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning, and to counsel patients.
  • models of a person's teeth and jaws are taken in the form of maxillary (upper jaw) and mandibular (lower jaw) casts.
  • the casts are mounted on a machine called an articulator, which represents the bony skeleton of the jaws and jaw joints.
  • an articulator which represents the bony skeleton of the jaws and jaw joints. See U.S. Pat. No. 5,176,515.
  • Casts are located on the articulator in the same orientation to the jaw joints, planes of the head, and each other as the teeth and jaws are on the person.
  • the casts provide an orthodontist and/or a maxillofacial surgeon with a model that simulates the person's oral condition. That information, along with photographs, x-rays, and charts, allows the person's orofacial condition to be measured and helps the practitioner to determine a course of treatment designed to position the person's teeth and/or jaws with respect to goals of the treatment.
  • final records can be taken to record and assess the quality of the treatment.
  • articulators have been adapted to illustrate a person's pretreatment condition with respect to certain landmarks that help define a desired post-treatment condition.
  • the Occlusofacial Simulator Articulator System available from Golden Eagle Orthodontics employs a simulated temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the posterior border of the oral complex, and a GALL rod mounted to a maxillary cast support member to show the proposed anterior border.
  • TMJ simulated temporomandibular joint
  • GALL rod mounted to a maxillary cast support member to show the proposed anterior border.
  • traditional articulators do not indicate where the pretreatment positions of teeth, arches, and jaws are with respect to intended positions, or where those pretreatment positions should be moved, in order to achieve specific post-treatment goals. Instead, such information is provided on patient charts, where the present positions of a person's teeth and jaws with respect to post-treatment goals are recorded in long hand or by means of coded markings.
  • the principal mode of recording a person's condition for diagnosis and treatment according to the Six Elements of Orofacial Harmony Freedom uses intended goals or optimal outcomes.
  • the present positions of the person's teeth and jaws are measured relative to optimal goals, which are the Six Elements of Orofacial Harmony or as close to them as circumstances permit. These measurements are recorded in the dental chart.
  • the system of recordation may use colors, or words or letters that indicate colors, to signify the direction, and numbers to indicate the distance.
  • Green (G) indicates that a measured position of a tooth, arch, or jaw is optimal with respect to a particular goal, which implies that no movement of teeth, arch, or jaw is necessary.
  • Red (R) indicates that the position is anterior, superior, or buccal, relative to optimal, which implies that compensatory posterior, inferior, or lingual movement is necessary to achieve the goal.
  • Black (B) indicates that the position is posterior, inferior, or lingual relative to optimal, which implies that compensatory anterior, superior, or buccal movement is necessary to achieve the goal.
  • the amount of movement is interesting, it is entered in millimeters. See Andrews L F, ed. Six Elements Orthodontics. The Andrews Journal of Orthodontics and Orofacial Harmony. 2000; 1: pp. 24-25.
  • Visibly coding components of an articulator apparatus that mount maxillary and mandible casts enables visualization of the present positions of a person's teeth and jaws with respect to post-treatment goals.
  • the visible coding indicates at least a direction, and preferably, a direction and a distance, which a person's teeth and/or jaws must be moved to achieve the goals.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of an articulator apparatus showing components of the apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a partially schematic, side elevation view showing an articulator apparatus with a GALL rod mounted thereto.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of an articulator apparatus with maxillary and mandibular casts mounted thereto showing an example of visibly coding apparatus components for post-treatment goals.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially exploded perspective view of an articulator apparatus showing an example of visibly coding articulator components.
  • an articulator apparatus 10 is illustrated.
  • Components of the articulator apparatus 10 include a first cast support member 14 , a second cast support member 16 , and a frame 18 including a lower member 19 and an upper member 22 .
  • Each cast support member includes an elongate rail 15 .
  • the components 14 , 16 , 19 and 22 may be formed by molding plastic with other materials.
  • the lower member 19 has pedestals 20 on which transversely-disposed bulbs 21 are mounted.
  • the upper member 22 is supported on the bulbs 21 and is hingedly connected at its lateral extremities to the lower member 19 .
  • the hinge connections are identical. The hinge connection visible in FIG.
  • each bulb 21 simulates a respective male portion of the TMJ. The bulbs 21 together permit pivotal movement between the lower member 19 and the upper member 22 .
  • the upper member 22 includes a pair of spaced apart, generally parallel posts 24 that are perpendicular to the frontal plane of the member.
  • the lower member 19 includes a pair of spaced apart, generally parallel posts 26 that are perpendicular to the frontal plane of the lower member.
  • the posts 24 and 26 may be stainless steel rods that are incorporated into the molding process by which the upper member 22 and lower member 19 are formed.
  • Each of the first and second cast support members 14 and 16 includes spaced apart, generally parallel tubular recesses 24 a and 26 a which enable the first and second cast support members to be received and slidably retained on the frame 18 by the posts 24 and 26 .
  • the first cast support member 14 and the upper member 22 simulate a transverse section of the cranial base of a human skull on which a maxillary cast 30 taken from a person to be treated is supported.
  • the second cast support member 16 simulates the person's mandible and, with the lower member 19 , supports a mandibular cast 32 also taken from the person.
  • the articulator is inverted and the mandibular cast 32 is placed on the maxillary cast 30 and aligned therewith by means of a sheet of wax into which the person has bitten when the casts are made.
  • the sheet of wax is sandwiched between the cusps of the casts 30 and 32 .
  • the mandibular cast 32 is then cemented to the mandibular support member.
  • the casts when brought together, are oriented to each other, to the simulated TMJs, and to the planes of the apparatus 10 just as the teeth of the person from whom the casts are obtained are oriented to each other, the person's TMJs, and the planes of the person's head.
  • limits for movement of teeth and/or jaws can be seen by viewing X-rays of the head and the mounted casts.
  • the fossae of the simulated TMJs display the distal border of the oral complex for the male portions of the mandible.
  • the anterior border of the oral complex can be displayed by a GALL rod 50 (seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 ) attached to the rail 15 of the maxillary cast support member 14 as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 5,176,515.
  • the GALL rod 50 is used to indicate what the diagnosis proves to be the post-treatment or intended AP (border) goal for arch and jaw positions.
  • the articulator would be no way for the articulator to convey any information relevant to how much a person's teeth and jaws must be repositioned in order to approach or achieve post-treatment AP goals.
  • the presence of such information on the articulator apparatus would be useful to either or both of an orthodontist and a maxillofacial surgeon in visualizing the status of a person's condition relative to specified goals.
  • Such information would also be useful in counseling patients because of the instinctive understanding that the three-dimensional model imparts.
  • the solution to this problem is to provide a visible code on articulator components to indicate the relative correspondence between the present positions of a person's teeth, arches and/or jaws as represented by casts mounted to the apparatus and the positions to which the teeth and jaws should be moved by treatment to achieve post-treatment goals.
  • the post-treatment goals may be one or more of the optimal goals for the person relative to the Six Elements of Orofacial Harmony, and/or compromise goals that are less than optimal.
  • the visible code on articulator components is used to indicate the direction a person's teeth, arches and/or jaws should be moved by treatment to achieve post-treatment goals.
  • the code system may include a color, a pattern of colors, a mark, a pattern of marks, a symbol, a pattern of symbols, or equivalent that is visible at, on, or in (denoted collectively as “on”, for convenience) one or more surfaces of an articulator component.
  • a visible coding system using a color on articulator components may be provided to convey information about the relative correspondence between present positions of a person's teeth, arches, and/or jaws and treatment goals.
  • a color may denote jaw position, or required direction of jaw movement during treatment, with respect to the optimal position for that person, or to a compromise position.
  • an articulator component may have a color to indicate the relative position between the jaw modeled by a cast (hereinafter, “the jaw”) mounted to or supported by it and an optimal AP position for that jaw.
  • the colors green, red, and black may be used to code part or all of the lower member 19 and upper member 22 .
  • the lower member may be green, red, or black and the upper member 22 may be green, red, or black.
  • green indicates that the jaw is in an acceptable location with respect to the post-treatment position.
  • Red signifies that the jaw is anterior to an optimal post-treatment AP position, which implies that the jaw must be moved posteriorly (back) to or toward the optimal AP position.
  • black indicates that the jaw is posterior to the optimal post-treatment AP position for the jaw, which implies that the jaw is to be moved anteriorly (forward) to or toward the optimal AP position. This example is illustrated in FIG.
  • angled line hatching denoted by “G” signifies that at least a portion of the upper member 22 is colored green to show that the maxilla's AP position is correctly positioned and does not need to be moved
  • the stippled shading denoted by “B” signifies that at least a portion of the lower member 19 is colored black to indicate that the mandible's AP poition is posterior to its intended post-treatment position and is to be moved anteriorly.
  • additional or other colors may be used, and additional or other articulator components (such as the cast support members) may be color coded.
  • a color reagent may be added to the material to be molded. Color can also be applied to one or more surfaces of an articulator component by painting, staining, or any equivalent process.
  • a visible code system using a visible marking, such as a pattern of colors, figures, or symbols, on articulator components may be provided to convey information about the relative correspondence between the present positions of a person's jaws and a post-treatment position that may be the optimal position for that person, or a compromise position.
  • an articulator component may be marked on or in one or more surfaces with a pattern of elementary shapes to convey the information.
  • patterns of arrows, dots, triangles, and stars written or formed on or in one or more surfaces may be used to visibly code the lower member 19 and upper member 22 .
  • a pattern of dots may indicate that the jaw is anterior to an optimal post-treatment position, which indicates that the jaw is to be moved posteriorly (back) to the intended post-treatment position.
  • a pattern of triangles may indicate that the jaw is in an acceptable location with respect to the post-treatment position.
  • a pattern of stars may signify that the jaw is posterior to its intended post-treatment position and is to be moved anteriorly (forward) to the intended AP position.
  • articulator component such as cast support members
  • a mold may be made that includes provision for forming figures or symbols on one or more surfaces of an articulator component, or the visible marking can be applied to the molded articulator component by painting, inscription, stamping, or equivalent.
  • post-treatment goals may include, without limitation, optimal or compromise AP jaw position, optimal or compromise buccolingual (BL) jaw position, optimal or compromise superioinferior (SI) displacement of the maxilla, and others.
  • a coding system that visibly marks articulator components may enable visualization of the positions of a person's jaws with respect to more than just one post-treatment goal.
  • the lower member 19 may be coded as described above, while various surfaces of the upper member 22 may be coded for maxillary jaw movement to AP and BL post-treatment positions.
  • the portion of the upper member 21 denoted by AP is colored green to indicate the maxilla is correctly positioned with respect to an optimal (or compromise) AP position.
  • another portion of the upper member 21 may be visibly coded for another treatment goal.
  • the portion of the upper member denoted by BL may be colored (represented by the cross-hatching) to indicate whether movement of the maxilla is required in some direction in order to achieve an optimal or compromise buccolingual position.
  • portions of the cast support members 14 and 16 may also be visibly coded for movement of the maxilla and mandibula to SI jaw positions.
  • An optional aspect may include providing a notation on a coded articulator component indicating a distance that teeth, an arch or a jaw must be moved in the direction indicated to reach the specific goal.
  • the notation is numerical, and the measurement is metric.
  • the numeral “6” in the section or portion of the lower member 19 coded for the AP goal would indicate that the mandible is to be moved 6 mm anteriorly, according to the black coding of the section. That is to say that the distance from the present position of the mandible to the intended position is 6 mm.
  • articulator components with visible coding may be mass produced by an appropriate manufacturing process in which identical components with identical coding would be fabricated in lots or runs.
  • articulator components may be manufactured with codes for the more frequently-occurring conditions and separate coding components (colored adhesive strips, for example) for the less-frequently-occurring conditions could be provided. Respective sets of identical components with identical markings would be assembled and packaged. Kits may be prepared that include all of the components necessary to assemble one or more articulators, in which sets of coded articulator components and separate sets of coding components are provided.
  • kits 1 may be provided as a kit including black, green, and red lower members, black, green, and red upper members, non-coded (white, for example) cast support members, and colored adhesive strips.
  • kit including black, green, and red lower members, black, green, and red upper members, non-coded (white, for example) cast support members, and colored adhesive strips.
  • individual lots of identical, identically coded components could be sold, purchased, or inventoried.
  • an orthodontic clinic may order and stock separate lots of black, green, and red lower members, black, green, and red upper members, and non-coded (white, for example) cast support members.
  • the treatment plan would indicate which components would be selected from stock.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
US11/546,817 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals Abandoned US20080090201A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/546,817 US20080090201A1 (en) 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals
PCT/US2007/021517 WO2008045402A2 (fr) 2006-10-11 2007-10-09 Articulateur dentaire pourvu d'un marquage visible des positions des dents et des mâchoires à des fins de post-traitement
US12/653,132 US8282394B2 (en) 2006-10-11 2009-12-08 Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/546,817 US20080090201A1 (en) 2006-10-11 2006-10-11 Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals

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US12/653,132 Expired - Fee Related US8282394B2 (en) 2006-10-11 2009-12-08 Dental articulator apparatus having visible coding of teeth and jaw positions with respect to post-treatment goals

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140370465A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-12-18 Kelly Lucas CAD-CAM AGP splint- A method of automatically producing or reproducing a customized AGP (Anterior Guidance Package) equipped splint for a patient with/without a severe malocclusion via one time dentist visit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8735797B2 (en) 2009-12-08 2014-05-27 Zena Technologies, Inc. Nanowire photo-detector grown on a back-side illuminated image sensor
US11660170B2 (en) * 2019-05-15 2023-05-30 Marco Navarro Method for ensuring functional occlusion for customized orthodontic devices

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US5498158A (en) * 1994-02-14 1996-03-12 Wong; Nelson J. Color-coded endodontic cutting instruments and color-code system and method
US5842857A (en) * 1998-06-12 1998-12-01 Andrews; Lawrence F. Caddy for a dental articulator
US6015291A (en) * 1997-06-26 2000-01-18 Synthese Dentale Forschungs-Und Entwicklungsgesellschaft Mbh Dental articulator
US6109917A (en) * 1998-02-13 2000-08-29 Arlene M. Lee System for establishing a reference plane for dental casts
US6198807B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2001-03-06 Desena Danforth X-ray labeling tape
US6520676B1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2003-02-18 William B. Schmitz Sensor holder for dental digitized radiography procedure
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US4171570A (en) * 1977-10-27 1979-10-23 The Massachusetts General Hospital Method and apparatus for evaluating anomalies of facial bilateral symmetry
US4189835A (en) * 1977-10-27 1980-02-26 Massachusetts General Hospital Method of dental surveying
US5176515A (en) * 1991-05-10 1993-01-05 Andrews Lawrence F Dental treatment method and apparatus
US5498158A (en) * 1994-02-14 1996-03-12 Wong; Nelson J. Color-coded endodontic cutting instruments and color-code system and method
US6015291A (en) * 1997-06-26 2000-01-18 Synthese Dentale Forschungs-Und Entwicklungsgesellschaft Mbh Dental articulator
US6109917A (en) * 1998-02-13 2000-08-29 Arlene M. Lee System for establishing a reference plane for dental casts
US5842857A (en) * 1998-06-12 1998-12-01 Andrews; Lawrence F. Caddy for a dental articulator
US6198807B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2001-03-06 Desena Danforth X-ray labeling tape
US6520676B1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2003-02-18 William B. Schmitz Sensor holder for dental digitized radiography procedure
US6582931B1 (en) * 2000-11-08 2003-06-24 Panadent Corporation Dento-facial analyzer
US20040259050A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-23 Racich Michael J. Verifying apparatus for accuracy of dental cast mounting
US20050089815A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-04-28 Wan Ki Lee Dental device for modeling system with articulator, adjustable articulator stand, classified label and protective cover

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140370465A1 (en) * 2013-02-22 2014-12-18 Kelly Lucas CAD-CAM AGP splint- A method of automatically producing or reproducing a customized AGP (Anterior Guidance Package) equipped splint for a patient with/without a severe malocclusion via one time dentist visit
US9730768B2 (en) * 2013-02-22 2017-08-15 Kelly Lucas CAD-CAM AGP splint—a method of automatically producing or reproducing a customized AGP (anterior guidance package) equipped splint for a patient with/without a severe malocclusion via one time dentist visit
US10610329B2 (en) 2013-02-22 2020-04-07 Kelly Lucas CAD-CAM appliance—a method of producing or reproducing a customized guidance package equipped appliance for a patient with/without a severe malocclusion via one time dentist visit
US11883254B2 (en) 2013-02-22 2024-01-30 Kelly Lucas Systems and methods of producing a customized guidance package equipped appliance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8282394B2 (en) 2012-10-09
US20100092909A1 (en) 2010-04-15
WO2008045402A3 (fr) 2008-06-19
WO2008045402A2 (fr) 2008-04-17

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