US20080045630A1 - Friction materials containing tin oxides - Google Patents
Friction materials containing tin oxides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080045630A1 US20080045630A1 US11/676,897 US67689707A US2008045630A1 US 20080045630 A1 US20080045630 A1 US 20080045630A1 US 67689707 A US67689707 A US 67689707A US 2008045630 A1 US2008045630 A1 US 2008045630A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- friction
- tin oxide
- containing material
- friction material
- material matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Compositions of linings; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to friction materials, and more particularly to friction materials containing tin oxides.
- Friction materials serve in a variety of ways to control the deceleration of a variety of vehicles and machines such as, but not limited to automobiles.
- one of the purposes of the friction members is to physically stop the vehicle.
- These units including disk brake pads and rotors and brake shoes and drums, convert physical movement into frictional heat. Every wheel contains either a disk or brake drum assembly.
- Friction members for brakes are typically made from materials that will produce friction with the rotor or drum and withstand the high temperatures developed during braking.
- organic friction materials usually contain about 30-40 weight % of organic components.
- One of the main constituents of practically all organic friction materials at one time was asbestos fiber, although small quantities of other fibrous reinforcement may have been used. Since asbestos alone did not offer all of the desired properties, other materials called property modifiers, either abrasive or nonabrasive, were added to provide desired amounts of friction, wear, fade, recovery, noise, and rotor compatibility.
- a resin binder such as phenolic or cresylic resin, held the other materials together in a matrix.
- a friction material matrix comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix.
- a friction material matrix comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material has a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5.
- an automotive braking element comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material so as to form a friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material improves the performance behavior of a friction couple at an interface between the friction material matrix and the automotive braking element.
- Friction materials useful in the practice of the invention may optionally contain one or more thermosetting resinous binders present in conventional amounts; reinforcing fibers present in conventional amounts; metal powders present in conventional amounts; lubricants, preferably solid, present in conventional amounts; abrasives present in conventional amounts; organic fillers present in conventional amounts; and inorganic fillers present in conventional amounts.
- Other materials may be added as well, as is known in the art.
- “friction material matrix” means at least one tin oxide-containing material useful in the practice of the present invention, at least one binder system (e.g., phenolic resin), and optionally, additives such as, but not limited to, reinforcing fibers, metal powders, lubricants, abrasives, organic fillers, organic fillers, and the like.
- binder system e.g., phenolic resin
- additives such as, but not limited to, reinforcing fibers, metal powders, lubricants, abrasives, organic fillers, organic fillers, and the like.
- the present invention proposes the use of tin oxides, such as but not limited to stannous oxide (SnO) and/or stannic oxide (SnO 2 ), as abrasives in friction materials, such as those used for drum linings, in order to control wear mechanisms, especially under the conditions of low duty wear.
- tin oxides such as but not limited to stannous oxide (SnO) and/or stannic oxide (SnO 2 )
- abrasives in friction materials, such as those used for drum linings
- stannous oxides/stannic oxides can be used to practice the present invention. Additionally, the tin oxides of the present invention preferably have a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5.
- the tin oxides of the present invention are preferably incorporated into either a wet or dry mix that can be formed into a drum lining by any number of conventional methods.
- Preferred amounts of the tin oxides range from about 0.3 weight percent up to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix.
- Both stannous oxide and stannic oxide are readily commercially available from Post Apple Scientific, Inc. (North East, Pa.).
- VOLUME PERCENT (based on the total INGREDIENT volume of the friction material matrix) Nitrile rubber 17 Calcium sulfate 16 Vermiculite 7 Phenolic resin 19 Steel fiber 5 Graphite 8 Calcium hydroxide 4 Tin oxide abrasive 6 Friction dust 16 Curatives 2
Abstract
A friction material matrix, comprising: at least one tin oxide-containing material having a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5; and at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material; wherein the friction material matrix is made without asbestos and the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix.
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/962,067, filed Sep. 25, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,179,850, issued Feb. 20, 2007 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference thereto.
- The present invention relates generally to friction materials, and more particularly to friction materials containing tin oxides.
- Friction materials serve in a variety of ways to control the deceleration of a variety of vehicles and machines such as, but not limited to automobiles. In an automotive vehicle, one of the purposes of the friction members is to physically stop the vehicle. These units, including disk brake pads and rotors and brake shoes and drums, convert physical movement into frictional heat. Every wheel contains either a disk or brake drum assembly.
- Friction members for brakes are typically made from materials that will produce friction with the rotor or drum and withstand the high temperatures developed during braking. One of the most common type of friction materials used in brakes and clutches for normal duty is generally termed organic. These organic friction materials usually contain about 30-40 weight % of organic components. One of the main constituents of practically all organic friction materials at one time was asbestos fiber, although small quantities of other fibrous reinforcement may have been used. Since asbestos alone did not offer all of the desired properties, other materials called property modifiers, either abrasive or nonabrasive, were added to provide desired amounts of friction, wear, fade, recovery, noise, and rotor compatibility. A resin binder, such as phenolic or cresylic resin, held the other materials together in a matrix. This binder was not completely inert and made contributions to the frictional characteristics of the composite. Because asbestos has been alleged to be the cause of certain health problems and is no longer environmentally acceptable, most modern brake pads and drum linings are made without asbestos. Thus, most current friction linings are made from synthetic and steel fibers, and iron, ceramic, and metallic powders.
- Conventional friction materials operate under a whole range of operating temperatures and pressures. However, the wear mechanisms governing the wear life of friction materials under low-duty conditions are significantly different from the factors governing heavy-duty conditions. During use, the physicochemical changes at the interface between the friction material and cast iron drums, for example, govern the performance behavior of the friction couple. The choice of the proper abrasive has a great bearing on the formation and destruction of the dynamic friction (i.e., transfer) film. Unfortunately, conventional friction material compositions are somewhat unsatisfactory with respect to the performance behavior of the friction couple, especially during low-duty conditions. This can lead to sub-par performance of the braking system, as well as objectionable noises when braking, both of which lead to consumer dissatisfaction.
- Therefore, there exists a need for a friction material composition having improved abrasive characteristics to enhance the performance behavior of the friction couple, especially during low-duty conditions.
- In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, a friction material matrix is provided, comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix.
- In accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention, a friction material matrix is provided, comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material has a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5.
- In accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention, an automotive braking element is provided, comprising: (1) at least one tin oxide-containing material; and (2) at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material so as to form a friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix; wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material improves the performance behavior of a friction couple at an interface between the friction material matrix and the automotive braking element.
- Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- The following description of the preferred embodiment(s) is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
- Friction materials useful in the practice of the invention may optionally contain one or more thermosetting resinous binders present in conventional amounts; reinforcing fibers present in conventional amounts; metal powders present in conventional amounts; lubricants, preferably solid, present in conventional amounts; abrasives present in conventional amounts; organic fillers present in conventional amounts; and inorganic fillers present in conventional amounts. Other materials may be added as well, as is known in the art.
- As that term is used herein, “friction material matrix” means at least one tin oxide-containing material useful in the practice of the present invention, at least one binder system (e.g., phenolic resin), and optionally, additives such as, but not limited to, reinforcing fibers, metal powders, lubricants, abrasives, organic fillers, organic fillers, and the like.
- The present invention proposes the use of tin oxides, such as but not limited to stannous oxide (SnO) and/or stannic oxide (SnO2), as abrasives in friction materials, such as those used for drum linings, in order to control wear mechanisms, especially under the conditions of low duty wear. Without being bound to a particular theory of the operation of the present invention, it is believed that the tin oxides of the present invention aid in stabilizing friction and reducing noise generation characteristics of friction materials.
- Either powdered, natural, or synthetic stannous oxides/stannic oxides can be used to practice the present invention. Additionally, the tin oxides of the present invention preferably have a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5.
- By way of a non-limiting example, the tin oxides of the present invention are preferably incorporated into either a wet or dry mix that can be formed into a drum lining by any number of conventional methods. Preferred amounts of the tin oxides range from about 0.3 weight percent up to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix. Both stannous oxide and stannic oxide are readily commercially available from Post Apple Scientific, Inc. (North East, Pa.).
- By way of a non-limiting example of an illustrative friction material matrix composition, in accordance with the general teachings of the present invention, reference is made to the Example, below:
-
VOLUME PERCENT (based on the total INGREDIENT volume of the friction material matrix) Nitrile rubber 17 Calcium sulfate 16 Vermiculite 7 Phenolic resin 19 Steel fiber 5 Graphite 8 Calcium hydroxide 4 Tin oxide abrasive 6 Friction dust 16 Curatives 2 - The description of the invention is merely exemplary in nature and, thus, variations that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A friction material matrix, comprising:
at least one tin oxide-containing material having a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5; and
at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material;
wherein the friction material matrix is made without asbestos and the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix.
2. The friction material matrix in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the at least one tin oxide-containing material is selected from the group consisting of stannous oxide, stannic oxide, and combinations thereof.
3. An automotive braking element, comprising:
a friction material matrix, comprising
at least one tin oxide-containing material having a Mohs hardness level of about 6.5; and
at least one binder system, the binder system physically or chemically binding the at least one tin oxide-containing material so as to form a friction material matrix;
wherein the friction material matrix is made without asbestos and the at least one tin oxide-containing material is present in an amount in the range of about 0.3 to about 20 weight percent, based on the total weight of the friction material matrix and the at least one tin oxide-containing material improves the performance behavior of a friction couple at an interface between the friction material matrix and the automotive braking element.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/676,897 US20080045630A1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/962,067 US7179850B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2001-09-25 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
US11/676,897 US20080045630A1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/962,067 Continuation US7179850B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2001-09-25 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20080045630A1 true US20080045630A1 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
Family
ID=25505382
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/962,067 Expired - Lifetime US7179850B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2001-09-25 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
US11/676,897 Abandoned US20080045630A1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/962,067 Expired - Lifetime US7179850B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2001-09-25 | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7179850B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1432927B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005507027A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003036123A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7179850B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
RU2442802C2 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2012-02-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Polymer friction composition |
CN103059811B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-04-23 | 湖北飞龙摩擦密封材料股份有限公司 | Friction particle, friction material and friction goods |
RU2688738C1 (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-05-22 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова" (АлтГТУ) | Sealing padding material |
CN110360254B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-12-08 | 海盐欧亚特汽配有限公司 | Friction particles for friction material, preparation method of friction particles and high-porosity light-weight drum brake pad prepared from friction particles |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3297599A (en) * | 1965-05-24 | 1967-01-10 | Johns Manville | Friction composition for high energy service |
US5971113A (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 1999-10-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Coated friction pad for brake assembly |
US7179850B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS53131636A (en) * | 1977-04-18 | 1978-11-16 | Shimano Industrial Co | Friction material for brake of bicycle |
US5145619A (en) | 1990-03-26 | 1992-09-08 | Benchmark Structural Ceramics Corporation | Combustion-synthesis process for making friction materials |
JPH05117783A (en) | 1991-10-23 | 1993-05-14 | Aisin Chem Co Ltd | Dry friction material |
DE69514593T2 (en) | 1994-03-03 | 2000-08-10 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | BINDING COMPOSITION FOR FRICTION MATERIALS AND FRICTION MATERIAL |
JPH10103373A (en) | 1996-08-06 | 1998-04-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | Wet friction contact device |
US6220405B1 (en) | 1997-07-02 | 2001-04-24 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Friction material for drum-in-hat disc brake assembly |
-
2001
- 2001-09-25 US US09/962,067 patent/US7179850B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-09-25 EP EP02778352.1A patent/EP1432927B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-25 JP JP2003538596A patent/JP2005507027A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-25 WO PCT/US2002/030587 patent/WO2003036123A1/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-02-20 US US11/676,897 patent/US20080045630A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3297599A (en) * | 1965-05-24 | 1967-01-10 | Johns Manville | Friction composition for high energy service |
US5971113A (en) * | 1997-03-10 | 1999-10-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Coated friction pad for brake assembly |
US7179850B2 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2007-02-20 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Friction materials containing tin oxides |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030059645A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
WO2003036123A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
US7179850B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
EP1432927B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
EP1432927B1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
JP2005507027A (en) | 2005-03-10 |
EP1432927A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL INC., NEW JERSEY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KESAVAN, SUNIL K.;REEL/FRAME:019525/0943 Effective date: 20010815 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |