US2007559A - Superheating boiler - Google Patents

Description

'July 9, 1935. K. BEGER mo'ws SUFERHEATING BOILER Filed July 12 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR July 9, 1935. BERGER 2,U7,559

SUPERHEATING' BOILER Filed July 12, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Mum" [Af/f' ATTORNEY Patented July .9, 1935 7 mm sTArEs SUPERHEATING BOILER Knute Berger, Seattle, Wash; Application Ju1y12, 1933, Serial No. 680,073 I 8 Claims. (01. 122-467) This invention relates to improvements in steam generating boilers and. more particularly tovertical, fire tube boilers of that-type having an extended fire box it being the principal ob- {g ject of this invention toconstruct boilers of the above stated character including steam superheater -units. Also,;it is contemplated-that the present invention shall apply, first, to the manufacture of boilers with the present super-heater units embodied therein as original equipment and, second, to the conversion of b oilers of the above stated'type, which originally were not equipped with steam super heating means, to boilers coming within the scope of the present invention by 5 application of the present super-heaterunits thereto. v r Y It is also an object of this invention'to provide a super-heater unit for boilersaof the abovechar:

acter which materially increases the heatin surg face of the boiler; eifects bettgnjdistribution of heat; provides an additional and-an" increased water circulation-and a better circulation especiallyin the extended part. r I

' Another object of the-invention resides in the provision of a super-heater that gives easy accessibility to its fiues orjtubes for cleaning, repair or removal. Also in the provision of a super heater unit that may be easily and ,readilyapplied to boilers already in use and without disturbing the boiler lines or fiue sheets.

Another object is to providea vertical fire tube boiler equipped with asuper-heaterand having means for controlling heating-of the super heater independently of the main boiler. y

A still further object of the invention resides in the provision of asuper-heater unit, whereby a .betterdistribution of heatyis'made possible by reason ,of direct intake of gases of combustion from the fire boxinto the super-heater.

. 1; Still furtheryobje'cts reside in the arrangement ofpthe smoke box whereby the top flue sheet of .the' boiler is protected against moisture enteringzthrough'the stack and whereby additional space 'isIprovided for accommodation of a water heater'system. 1 V

l I: Other objects of the invention reside in the details :of construction of the various parts, in their combination andmode of operation as will hereinafter bedescribed. v In accomplishingthese and other objects ofthe invention I have provided the: improved details of construction the preferredforms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings where- 1n \J'J Fig; 1' is a vertical, sectional view of a boiler'embodying a super-heater in accordance tails of the present invention.

.Fig. 2 is a plan, or top-view of the boiler.

., .Fig. 3is a horizontal section through the upper with deportion of the boiler.

Fig. 4 is a detail of part ofthe super-heater damper and its control means. 7 7 Referring more in detail to the drawingsl designates, in its entirety, a vertical, water tube boiler embodying the present invention. In the arrangement shown, the boiler comprises a cylindrical shell 2 enclosing a plurality of fire tubes ,3"which are mounted at their upper and lower ends, respectively, in flue sheets 4 and 5 which close the corresponding ends of the shell. L'Ihelower flue sheet 5 constitutes the top wall of the furnace fire box 5 which, in the type of boiler to which the present invention applies, is extended to some extent rearwardly of the shell. The fire box is encasedwithina water jacketing housing 1 which is a continuation of or which joins with thelowerend -Iof the shell 2 and together with the fire box wall, provides water legs 8 entirely about the firebox. .These water legs have free and open communication with the lower end of shell2 topermit easycirculation of water. An opening l E! is provided at the front of the fire box and thereare draftopenings H and 2 at front and rear, respectively, and adjacent the floor, equipped with suitable dampers as designated at I3, to control entrance of air for com ,bustion In the present showing, an oil burner nozzle l4 enters the fire box through the front wall and there is a defiectingbafile it across the bottom wall of the box just forwardly of the draft opening l3 to causeupward deflection of the fiame from the burner and also to'avoid any interferenceywith air entering through opening I3.

It is to be understood however, that various methods other than shown might be employed for heating :theboiler and various other controls and dampers mightbe employed without departing from the spirit of the present invention; this merely being illustrative of a satisfactory construction.

a Explanatory to the invention, it will here be 'mentionedthat in the common types of vertical axial of the shell. In such boilers, circulation of water in the fire box extension is not entirely satisfactory and heat of combustion is not distributed in the most effective manner. Furthermore, where the relatively large stack opening at the top is directly over the top flue sheet, mois ture is permitted to enter and collect on the sheet with consequent damage thereto due to rust.

In the present application, it has been the intent to not only provide additional means in such boilers for the super-heating of steam, but also to cure to a material extent all the undesirable features which are above mentioned.

The super-heater embodied by this invention comprises a, cylindrical shell I 8 disposed vertically just rearwardly of the shell 2 and supported upon the top wall of the fire box extension. An opening 19 through this top wall provides for direct passage of heat, through the super-heater. A horizontally corrugated lining 20 is contained within the shell l8 and this is of such diameter that it provides an annular, intermediate space 23a for water circulation. This space has pipe connections 2 i--2l at opposite sides and near the lower end of the shell, with the water leg across the top of the fire box extension, and it has another pipe connection 22 near its upper end with the boiler shell 2, thus to provide the additional water circulation for the boiler; The pipe 22 is located just below the intended'water level, as indicated at 24, and at a point above this level a connecting pipe 25 provides for by-passing of steam from the upper end of shell l8 into the shell 2 of the boiler proper.

The super-heater thus provides additional heating space over the area of its interior passage and the upper end of the passage opens directly into a smoke box 28 fitted upon and accommodating both shells 2 and i5. At a point directly over the super-heater, this box 28 is provided with an opening 29 for a stack connection and forwardly of the opening is a hingedly attached cover section 30 closing the top of the box. Removal of the cover provides an opening for installation of a water heater or the like, as designated in dotted lines at 32 in Fig. l.

Contained within the super-heater shell are the steam super-heating coils 35. These consist of a plurality of closely arranged U-shaped pipes.

mounted at their upper ends in a conically dished plate 35; the plate being divided diametrically by a vertical partition wall 31 and the pipes are so mounted therein that each pipe opens at its opposite ends, respectively, through the plate 36 at opposite sides of the partition. The plate 36 is covered by a manifold 38 that is divided to provide two compartments 3! and which cooperate with the divided conical plate 35 in such manner that they respectively communicate with opposite ends of the coils 35. The compartment 39, as seen best in Fig. 1, has a pipe connection 4| with the upper end of the main boiler through the top flue sheet 4 and the compartment 40 has connection with a delivery pipe 43 whereby the super heated steam is conveyed to its-point of use.

A battle plate 45 is disposed horizontally Within the boiler between the entrance to pipe 4| and the pipe connection 25 and vertical bailies as at 46 in Fig. 3 maybe located in shell 2 vertically thereof.

To'obtain maximum efliciency, the pipe coils 35 are extended practically to the lower end of the super-heater and they are as close together as is practical to place them.

To control the admittance of the heated gases to the super-heater, I have provided a damper within the lower end of shell I8. This damper comprises a downwardly tapered, conical plate 41 fitted and sealed in the lower end of shell l8 and provided with a plurality of openings 48 each of which has a closure member 49 hingedly attached to the plate. A ring 50 is movably mounted upon an annular flange 5| formed on the plate and this ring has links 52 pivotallyattached thereto as at 53, and likewise to the closure members 49 so that by rotative movements of the ring, the closures may be moved between open and closed positions. A rod 55 is attached to the ring and extended to a position exteriorly of the shell where it has a handle portion 56 accessible to the operator. When the closure members are in lifted position the openings 48 will be uncovered and heated gases will flow upwardly through the opening l9 and through the damper openings and thus through the super heater, but when they are closed, heat will be cut off from the coils I5 and the steam from the boiler shell 2 will pass through them without additional heating.

Assuming the boiler to be so constructed, its operation, briefly described, is as follows:

The boiler and super-heater are filled with water up to the level indicated. Then, at the start of the operation, the dampers 49 at the lower end of the super-heater are closed. All heat oi combustion in the fire box then passes upwardly through the fire tubes 3 of the main boiler. The steam that is thus generated in the upper end of shell 2 passes through the superheater tubes 35 and is delivered through the pipe 43. After steam has started to flow through the super-heater coils, thedampers at the lower end of shell 18 are opened, thus a part of the heat of combustion from the fire box passes upwardly through' thesupereheater thereby effecting the super-heating of the steam passing through the coils 35. The extent of thesuper-heating may be controlled by proper adjustment of dampers between open and closed positions.

By the provision of the pipe connections 2 l-2l between the opposite sides of the shell I! and the main fire box extension, and also by the pipe connection 22, the circulation of water is greatly facilitated. Furthermore, the arrangement of the heater provides a considerable amount of additional heating surface. It will be apparent also that since the lining of the super-heating shell is corrugated in horizontal planes, this will greatly strengthen the structure and will further add to the heating surface.

It is also apparent that the provision or the opening I! in the top of the fire box extension permits of a better distribution of heat. Thus, the boiler is rendered more eiflcient'than otherwise. It is also apparent that with the stack opening into the smoke box located rearwardly from its usual position directly above the burner, the flue sheet 4 will be protected against moisture that may enter the stack. Thus when the boiler is standing in the open and not in use, it is not subjected to disintegration by reason of the col lection thereon of water entering the stack.

It is anticipated that many boilers already in existence are subject to conversion to receive super-heaters of the present type merely by formation of'the top opening I! in the fire box extension and the provision of a smoke box 26, to accommodate the super-heater when it is attached over the fire box opening. Such an installation could be easily and quickly made and at ave box provided with a top opening, a super-heater comprising a water jacketed shell forming a heat passage communicating at its lower end with the fire box through said fire box opening, water circulation pipes connecting the water jacketed shell with the boiler, super-heater tubes contained in the passage and means for delivering steam from the boiler through said tubes.

2. A vertical fire tube boiler comprising a smoke box, a fire box formed with an extension having an opening in the top wall of the extension, a

super-heater unit comprising a water jacketed shell providing an interior passage communicating at its lower end with the, fire box through said opening and at its upper end with the smoke box, a plurality of U-shaped super-heating tubes contained within the passage, a delivery pipe, a manifold having compartments connected respectively with the boiler and with the delivery pipe and providing for flow of steam from the boiler to the delivery pipe through said superheater tubes, said shell having vertically spaced water circulating connections with the boiler.

3. In a vertical fire tube boiler, a fire box, a super-heater comprising a vertical, tubular shell,

having a water ja'cketing lining spaced therefrom and providing a vertical heat passage communicating at its lower end withthefire box, water circulation connections joining the boiler and wa,-'

ter jacketed shell, a steam by-pass connection joining the upper end of the water jacket and boiler and super-heating coils contained in the passage and connected to receive steam therethrough from the boiler.

4. A vertical fire tube boiler comprising a smoke box, a fire box formed with an extension having an opening in the top wall of the extension, a super-heater unit comprising a water jacketed shell providing an interior passage communicating at its lower end with the fire box through said opening and at its upper end with the smoke box,

a plurality of U-shaped super-heating tubes contained within the passage, a delivery pipe, a manifold having compartments connected respectively with the boiler and with the delivery pipe and providing for flow of steam from the boiler to the delivery pipe through said super-heater tubes,

said shell having vertically spaced circulating connections with the boiler and a steam by-pass provided between the upper end of the water jacketed shell and boiler.

5. A boiler. as stated in claim 4 wherein the super-heater shell is water jacketed by an interiorly located, horizontaHy corrugated lining.

6. A vertical fire tube boiler comprising a boiler shell, a smoke box at its upper end provided with a stock connection, a fire box mounting the shell and having a portion extended beyond the shell and provided in the top wall of said extension with an opening, a super-heater unit supported on the said extension comprising a cyylindrical shell with an interior lining spaced to provide a water jacket for the shell and forming an interior heat passage opening at its lower end to the fire box through the said wall opening, and at its upper end to the smoke box, a steam by-pass connection between the upper end of the water jacket and boiler, water circulation connections between the water jacket and boiler, super-heater tubes in the heat passage connected to receive steam from the boiler, a damper at the lower end of the passage and means exteriorly of the heater for controlling the position of the damper. a

7. A boiler as in claim 6 wherein the stack connection for the fire box is offset from above the main boiler.

8.? In a boiler of the character described having a vertical boiler shell, a super-heater exterior of y said shell providing 'a water jacket; said jacket" having water circulation connections with the boiler and having a steam connection at its upper end with the boiler. V

' KNUTE BERGER.

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