US20070227539A1 - Ventilator and method for detecting an obstruction during episodes of apnea by an additional pressure increment - Google Patents

Ventilator and method for detecting an obstruction during episodes of apnea by an additional pressure increment Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070227539A1
US20070227539A1 US11/731,021 US73102107A US2007227539A1 US 20070227539 A1 US20070227539 A1 US 20070227539A1 US 73102107 A US73102107 A US 73102107A US 2007227539 A1 US2007227539 A1 US 2007227539A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
accordance
ventilator
flow
apnea
pattern
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/731,021
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English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Schwaibold
Bernhard Scholler
Sergey Velykokhatko
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Loewenstein Medical Technology GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Loewenstein Medical Technology GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Assigned to WEINMANN GERATE FUR MEDIZIN GMBH & CO. KG reassignment WEINMANN GERATE FUR MEDIZIN GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHOLLER, BERNHARD, VELYKOKHATKO, SERGEY, SCHWAIBOLD, MATTHIAS
Publication of US20070227539A1 publication Critical patent/US20070227539A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A61M16/022—Control means therefor
    • A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0036—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ventilator with a respiratory gas source, a connecting line, and a patient interface.
  • the ventilator is provided with a control system for generating an incremental pressure change, and at least one sensor for flow measurement.
  • the invention further relates to a method for controlling a ventilator.
  • respiratory gas from a respiratory gas source is supplied to a patient interface through a connecting line and in which an incremental pressure pattern is generated and a flow pattern is measured.
  • Therapeutic devices available in sleep therapy usually, with CPAP or APAP ventilation patterns, often use an oscillatory pressure pattern for the determination of presently occurring events.
  • This oscillatory pressure pattern is generated by a pressure oscillation source integrated in addition to the respiratory gas source and is superimposed on the pressure pattern of the respiratory gas source.
  • the signals which are sent back to the device with a sensor according to the characteristics of the airways and pulmonary parameters are supplied to an evaluation unit, and the presently occurring event (e.g., apnea, central apnea, obstructive apnea, etc.) is determined by the evaluation unit.
  • this object is met achieved by connecting the sensor to an evaluation unit, which evaluates the flow pattern and compares the pattern of a pressure increment with the pattern of the flow.
  • a further object of the present invention is to improve a method of the aforementioned type in a way that is conducive to automated apparatus control.
  • this object is met by carrying out a measurement that constitutes monitoring for the presence of an obstruction after the pressure pattern has been compared with the flow pattern.
  • a single pressure source is sufficient.
  • This single pressure source is preferably provided by a blower.
  • a flow sensor is incorporated in the device.
  • the flow can be determined from blower characteristics, such as speed or current/power consumption.
  • the device In patients with episodes of sleep apnea, periods without spontaneous respiratory activity of the patient can occur. When this occurs, the device detects it and sends a pressure surge by means of a blower or other pressure source.
  • This pressure surge can take the form of a pressure increment with a duration of 1 second and an amplitude of 1 hPa.
  • a distinctly greater pressure increment is applied; this ensures not only improved ability to evaluate the flow response but also ventilation of the patient by a mandatory breath in the case of centrally induced breathing interruptions.
  • the amplitude and duration of the pressure increment are automatically determined in such a way that a certain minimum respiration of the patient is ensured. This can be preset or it can be derived from the prior breathing activity of the patient. In an especially preferred embodiment, the amplitude of the pressure increment is increased if the desired expiratory volume was not attained during the preceding pressure increment.
  • the pressure increase mentioned above as an example is not sufficient for removing the obstruction. Accordingly, the leakage flow increases to a constant level that is elevated relative to the state that existed before the pressure increment.
  • obstructive apnea is thus present.
  • the CPAP pressure can be increased after the apnea to keep the airways open and to prevent future episodes of apnea.
  • the device can do nothing (conventional APAP), or it can adjust the CPAP pressure to a pressure level at which the patient has a minimum number of episodes of central apnea, or it can switch from CPAP mode to a ventilation mode (bilevel) to allow practical treatment of central events also to be carried out.
  • nothing conventional APAP
  • the CPAP pressure can be adjusted to a pressure level at which the patient has a minimum number of episodes of central apnea, or it can switch from CPAP mode to a ventilation mode (bilevel) to allow practical treatment of central events also to be carried out.
  • the additional pressure increment is preferably applied at least once per apnea episode.
  • the pressure increment is preferably applied repeatedly per episode of apnea at specific intervals of time.
  • this method can also be carried out in normal respiration, whether as sleep therapy, intensive ventilation, at-home ventilation, or other application for supplying respiratory gas. Further parameters can be determined by minimal pressure increments of preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mbars and a minimum duration of preferably 0.5 to 2 seconds, depending on previously recorded inspiratory and expiratory curves; this is accomplished by evaluation of the flow response.
  • the above method can also be used after the detection of flattening.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the device with a well-defined opening for generating a leakage flow.
  • FIG. 2 is different flow patterns in response to incremental pressure changes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a ventilator 1 with a controllable pressurized gas source 2 .
  • the pressurized gas source is designed as a controllable blower with an electric drive.
  • the ventilator 1 has an evaluation unit 3 , which is connected to a pressure sensor 4 and a flow sensor 5 .
  • the ventilator 1 is connected with a patient interface 7 by a respiratory gas line 6 .
  • a leakage opening 8 is present in the respiratory gas line 6 or the patient interface 7 .
  • airways 9 and a lung 10 of a patient are illustrated, as is an obstruction 11 in the area of the airway 9 .
  • FIG. 2 shows, there are small flow oscillations.
  • the oscillations are caused by the system patient (airways), mask, hose, blower, pressure regulator, all of which must adjust to the new pressure.
  • the system parameters can also be estimated from these overshoots (self-resonant frequency), e.g., from the frequency of the overshoots. This makes it possible to distinguish between central apnea and obstructive apnea.
  • the flow values shortly before the pressure jump can be averaged to obtain an initial level, and they can be averaged at the end of the pressure jump (about the last 0.3 second) in order to determine the increased outlet flow level.
  • the height and area of the overshoot can then be easily determined, as can the separation of the local maxima or zero crossings for overshoots in order to estimate the system parameters (see above) from the self-resonant frequency.
  • At least one pressure value is increased, preferably the pressure value applied at the end of the patient's expiration.
  • the difference of two pressure levels is changed; preferably, the difference between an inspiratory and an expiratory pressure level is increased.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
US11/731,021 2006-03-31 2007-03-29 Ventilator and method for detecting an obstruction during episodes of apnea by an additional pressure increment Abandoned US20070227539A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006014956 2006-03-31
DE102006014956.4 2006-03-31
DE102007006689.0 2007-02-10
DE102007006689.0A DE102007006689B4 (de) 2006-03-31 2007-02-10 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Obstruktionserkennung während Apnoephasen durch eine zusätzliche Druckstufe

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US20070227539A1 true US20070227539A1 (en) 2007-10-04

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US11/731,021 Abandoned US20070227539A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-03-29 Ventilator and method for detecting an obstruction during episodes of apnea by an additional pressure increment

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US (1) US20070227539A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102007006689B4 (de)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120055478A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-08 Wilkinson William R Positive pressure therapy systems and methods
US8485185B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2013-07-16 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for ventilation in proportion to patient effort
US8714154B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-05-06 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for automatic adjustment of ventilator settings
US9440179B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2016-09-13 InovaLabs, LLC Oxygen concentrator pump systems and methods
US9440180B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 Inova Labs, Llc Oxygen concentrator systems and methods
US9440036B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 InovaLabs, LLC Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
CN106073717A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-09 湖南明康中锦医疗科技发展有限公司 一种无创呼吸机的阻塞性呼吸暂停判断方法
WO2017033157A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Detecting a malfunction during spontaneous mechanical ventilation
US9649464B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2017-05-16 Inova Labs, Inc. Oxygen concentrator apparatus and method having an ultrasonic detector
US9717876B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2017-08-01 Inova Labs, Inc. Dual oxygen concentrator systems and methods
US9808591B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2017-11-07 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for breath delivery synchronization
US9950129B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2018-04-24 Covidien Lp Ventilation triggering using change-point detection
EP3263027A4 (de) * 2015-03-23 2018-10-24 BMC Medical Co., Ltd. Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur erkennung von schlafapnoe
CN109091112A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2018-12-28 深圳融昕医疗科技有限公司 呼吸暂停事件类型的判断方法、装置和存储介质
US10362967B2 (en) 2012-07-09 2019-07-30 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for missed breath detection and indication
US10406306B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2019-09-10 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Distinguishing between central and obstructive sleep apnea
US11458274B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2022-10-04 Inova Labs, Inc. Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
US11478594B2 (en) 2018-05-14 2022-10-25 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for respiratory effort detection utilizing signal distortion
US11752287B2 (en) 2018-10-03 2023-09-12 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for automatic cycling or cycling detection
US11844605B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2023-12-19 The Research Foundation For Suny System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction

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US5704345A (en) * 1993-11-05 1998-01-06 Resmed Limited Detection of apnea and obstruction of the airway in the respiratory system
US20030121519A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 2003-07-03 Estes Mark C. Method and apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient
US6814073B2 (en) * 2000-08-29 2004-11-09 Resmed Limited Respiratory apparatus with improved flow-flattening detection
US7168429B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2007-01-30 Ric Investments, Llc Auto-titration pressure support system and method of using same

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US5704345A (en) * 1993-11-05 1998-01-06 Resmed Limited Detection of apnea and obstruction of the airway in the respiratory system
US20030121519A1 (en) * 1994-06-03 2003-07-03 Estes Mark C. Method and apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient
US6814073B2 (en) * 2000-08-29 2004-11-09 Resmed Limited Respiratory apparatus with improved flow-flattening detection
US7168429B2 (en) * 2001-10-12 2007-01-30 Ric Investments, Llc Auto-titration pressure support system and method of using same

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9649465B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2017-05-16 Inova Labs, Inc. Oxygen concentrator apparatus and method having variable operation modes
US9649464B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2017-05-16 Inova Labs, Inc. Oxygen concentrator apparatus and method having an ultrasonic detector
US9956370B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2018-05-01 Inova, Labs, LLC. Oxygen concentrator apparatus and method having flow restricted coupling of the canisters
US9114220B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2015-08-25 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for triggering and cycling a ventilator based on reconstructed patient effort signal
US8826907B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2014-09-09 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for determining patient effort and/or respiratory parameters in a ventilation system
US8485184B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2013-07-16 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for monitoring and displaying respiratory information
US9126001B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2015-09-08 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for ventilation in proportion to patient effort
US10828437B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2020-11-10 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for triggering and cycling a ventilator based on reconstructed patient effort signal
US9956363B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2018-05-01 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for triggering and cycling a ventilator based on reconstructed patient effort signal
US8485183B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2013-07-16 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for triggering and cycling a ventilator based on reconstructed patient effort signal
US9925345B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2018-03-27 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for determining patient effort and/or respiratory parameters in a ventilation system
US8485185B2 (en) 2008-06-06 2013-07-16 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for ventilation in proportion to patient effort
US20120055478A1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-08 Wilkinson William R Positive pressure therapy systems and methods
US8714154B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-05-06 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for automatic adjustment of ventilator settings
US11642042B2 (en) 2012-07-09 2023-05-09 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for missed breath detection and indication
US10362967B2 (en) 2012-07-09 2019-07-30 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for missed breath detection and indication
US9717876B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2017-08-01 Inova Labs, Inc. Dual oxygen concentrator systems and methods
US11364359B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2022-06-21 Inova Labs, Inc. Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
US11684744B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2023-06-27 Inova Labs, Inc. Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
US9440036B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 InovaLabs, LLC Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
US9440180B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 Inova Labs, Llc Oxygen concentrator systems and methods
US10406306B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2019-09-10 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Distinguishing between central and obstructive sleep apnea
US11040159B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2021-06-22 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Distinguishing between central and obstructive sleep apnea
US9440179B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2016-09-13 InovaLabs, LLC Oxygen concentrator pump systems and methods
US10864336B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2020-12-15 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for breath delivery synchronization
US9808591B2 (en) 2014-08-15 2017-11-07 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for breath delivery synchronization
US10940281B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2021-03-09 Covidien Lp Ventilation triggering
US9950129B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2018-04-24 Covidien Lp Ventilation triggering using change-point detection
US11712174B2 (en) 2014-10-27 2023-08-01 Covidien Lp Ventilation triggering
EP3263027A4 (de) * 2015-03-23 2018-10-24 BMC Medical Co., Ltd. Verfahren und vorrichtungen zur erkennung von schlafapnoe
US11020048B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2021-06-01 Bmc Medical Co., Ltd. Method and device for detecting sleep apnea
US10814081B2 (en) 2015-08-27 2020-10-27 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Detecting a malfunction during spontaneous mechanical ventilation
WO2017033157A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Detecting a malfunction during spontaneous mechanical ventilation
US11458274B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2022-10-04 Inova Labs, Inc. Method and systems for the delivery of oxygen enriched gas
CN106073717A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-09 湖南明康中锦医疗科技发展有限公司 一种无创呼吸机的阻塞性呼吸暂停判断方法
US11844605B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2023-12-19 The Research Foundation For Suny System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction
US11478594B2 (en) 2018-05-14 2022-10-25 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for respiratory effort detection utilizing signal distortion
CN109091112A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2018-12-28 深圳融昕医疗科技有限公司 呼吸暂停事件类型的判断方法、装置和存储介质
US11752287B2 (en) 2018-10-03 2023-09-12 Covidien Lp Systems and methods for automatic cycling or cycling detection

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Publication number Publication date
DE102007006689B4 (de) 2021-07-29
DE102007006689A1 (de) 2007-10-18

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