US20070194485A1 - Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds - Google Patents
Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds Download PDFInfo
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- US20070194485A1 US20070194485A1 US11/643,751 US64375106A US2007194485A1 US 20070194485 A1 US20070194485 A1 US 20070194485A1 US 64375106 A US64375106 A US 64375106A US 2007194485 A1 US2007194485 A1 US 2007194485A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gourd
- ceramic article
- impression
- molds
- shape
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/346—Manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
Definitions
- the art of making molds with which to produce ceramic articles has been known since ancient times.
- One method of making such molds which has been used since ancient times is to form the mold-making material, traditionally plaster, around a natural object such as a fruit or vegetable.
- Such methods utilize the outside surface of the natural object to form the inside surface of the mold and thus the product made from the mold has the shape of the original object.
- the present invention utilizes the veined and textured inside surface of a naturally occurring hollow object commonly known as a gourd either as the mold face, or to form the mold face.
- the outside surfaces of the present products have the texture as well as the shape of the inside of such naturally occurring object.
- a second field of the present invention is gourd artistry, which has also been known since ancient times.
- the woody fruits commonly known as gourds have been used in most parts of the world as food and water containers, musical instruments, floats, and to fill countless other human needs; in some cultures the decoration of gourds remains a respected and elaborate art form.
- gourds having been used as molds to produce objects from other materials such as clay; thus the present invention represents a new and unobvious use for a naturally-occurring thing.
- the present invention relates to a method of making unique gourd molds suited to the production of ceramic and other articles and most practically to the production of models useful in making traditional production molds for ceramic and other arts, and to a method of making articles using such molds.
- the articles produced by the present molds have an organic appearance, the veins and textures looking somewhat like plant fossils.
- Each gourd mold embodies patterns which are unique in the way that a human fingerprint is unique.
- the textures and shapes produced by the present invention are unique, random, and substantially infinite.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing showing an example of a dry, uncut gourd which is ready to be made into a mold.
- Lines 15 and 17 represent two examples of ways in which the gourd -may be cut at the widest points vertically or horizontally depending upon the intended product to be molded.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective drawing showing the same gourd which has been cut along line 17 , and cleaned revealing the veins and textures 19 .
- FIG. 3 is a perspective drawing showing a clay bowl which has been molded in the bottom part of the gourd mold shown in FIG. 2 .
- the textures 21 are impressions of the gourd mold face.
- the indentation 23 has resulted from a natural convex curve at the blossom end 13 of the gourd mold.
- FIG. 4 is an additional perspective drawing of the bowl shown in FIG. 3 .
- the naturally occurring products most useful in the present invention are fruits of the gourd family, an example of which is shown in FIG. 1 .
- these fruits are woody and basically hollow when dried, having shells from about 1 ⁇ 8 inch to about 1 ⁇ 2 inch thick. They grow in an infinite variety of sizes, up to about 20 inches in diameter.
- the shapes vary widely as well and include forms unique to gourds as well as shapes mimicking many other fruits such as squash, grapefruit, or pears.
- Eminently useful in the present invention are the lagenaria, or hard-shell gourd and the cucurbita, or ornamental gourd. While the outside of the useful fruit is relatively hard, the inside of the dried gourd is softer, more porous and textured with veins. These organic markings and the fact that the gourd is a porous natural container make it uniquely suited to use as a mold for the creation of objects or, more pragmatically, for the creation of models with which to create traditional molds.
- the dried gourd is selected for the size and shape of the object to be made.
- the gourd selected might have roughly a round circumference with the diameter ranging from four inches to six inches.
- the gourd that is selected has a larger circumference and may suitably be roughly round, oval or of various natural shapes.
- the choice of gourd size and shape is an aesthetic one.
- the gourd may then be cut using a keyhole saw, jig saw, sabre saw, band saw, or laser to provide access to the inside of the gourd for the removal of the seeds and pulp.
- the inventor's preferred tools are a miniature electric jig saw and a standard electric jig saw, the latter of which is commonly used for woodworking. If a simple shape, i.e., one which can be produced with a one-part mold, is desired, the initial cut to access cleaning may be made with the standard jig saw, which cuts fast but removes more of the shell than the miniature jig saw.
- the cut should be made around the circumference of the gourd along the widest part of the circumference 17 to facilitate removal of the seeds and pulp and later the removal of the finished molded item shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
- the gourd is typically cut horizontally, i.e., along a line running roughly perpendicular to the axis of the gourd connecting the stem end 11 to the blossom end 13 .
- the gourd may be cut in various ways as the shape dictates for cleaning purposes and then glued back together after cleaning. Most commonly the gourd is cut vertically along a line 15 from stem end 11 to blossom end 13 of the gourd. Cutting for these items is done with a miniature jig saw so that a minimum amount of the gourd shell is lost, thus allowing the gourd to be reconstructed after cleaning.
- the initial step in the removal of the seeds and dried pulp is suitably done manually. After such manual removal the inside of the gourd will usually have portions of pulp clinging to the inside surface of the gourd.
- two preferred methods are used depending upon the nature of the pulp in a particular gourd: 1) water pressure from a garden hose or a pressure washer and 2) a fine wire brush attached to a flexible shaft and powered by an electric motor but applied manually in a delicate manner.
- the process of preparing the inside of the gourd may also be performed with air pressure, or by chemical means, provided that the inside markings and internal shape of the gourd are not damaged or destroyed. If the gourd has been cleaned with water pressure, it is air-dried for a period of two to three days before it is used as a mold.
- the parts of the gourd are glued back together after cleaning with the use of wood glue as both glue and caulk such that there are no cracks or leaks in the finished gourd mold.
- the parts of the mold are held together while the glue sets with strong tape, flexible clamps, or wide rubber bands such as are typically used to hold plaster molds together.
- the internal surfaces of the dried gourd are typically pre-treated with known external mold release agents, or mixtures thereof, depending upon the choice of material with which the mold will be cast.
- the mold surface, or surfaces may be treated with conventional external mold release agents such as talc, soaps, waxes, or any of a number of commercially manufactured mixtures available.
- the preferred release agent when the gourd mold is to be cast with clay slip which is the inventor's preferred base material, is a mixture of talc and fine sand.
- the mixture is poured liberally into the gourd and moved around inside the gourd so that the mixture goes into all crevices and indentations; then the remaining mixture is poured back out of the gourd.
- the base casting materials useful in the present invention are those which will readily conform to the internal shape and texture of the gourd. Those useful include: clays, plasters, rubbers, plastics, resins, silicones or waxes. Using these various materials to make models of the inside of the gourd mold, such models may then be used to create molds from various materials for the production of clay, cement, wax, metal, resin, or other articles using this invention. The molding process may in these cases be appropriately selected from the prior art methods, depending on the base material that is utilized. If the preferred material is clay, the molded article may be produced by a press molding process as well as a slip-casting process.
- the inventor's preferred base material is clay slip or slurry.
- clay slip or slurry is a function of resources readily available to the inventor and the relative ease with which a plaster production mold may be made from a moist clay model.
- the slurry may be made or bought commercially.
- a known process of slip-casting is used, the only difference between the present invention and the prior art of slip-casting in plaster molds being that the slip must remain in the gourd for a period of three to eight hours rather than the 20-40 minutes required for casting in a plaster mold. This long casting time is necessary to obtain a clay vessel wall which is thick enough to survive the shrinkage and release process and thick enough for use as a sturdy model for making a plaster mold.
- the material After the base material has been cast in the mold the material is allowed to dry slowly over a period of from two to ten days. During this drying period the formed article is released from the mold face and may be removed from the gourd mold. If the gourd mold has both convex and concave surfaces as in FIG. 1 , the mold must be burned away or cut from the formed article, the latter being the preferred method. Suitably this is carefully done along line 17 or line 15 using a miniature cutting wheel on a high speed drill. The preferred tool has a diameter of about 1 ⁇ 2 inch so that the cut is about 3/16 inch deep, allowing the cut to be made without damaging the formed article. Typically when a clay base material is used, the article has shrunk enough to leave an air space of about 1 ⁇ 8 inch between the gourd mold inner surface and the surface of the formed article.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
A process is described for making gourd molds useful in the production of decorative ceramic and other articles which bear the textures of the gourd interior. Articles produced may also serve as models for use in the manufacture of production molds. Steps in making the gourd molds include selection, cutting, and removal of pulp; steps in using the gourd molds include treating with a release agent, casting, and removal of the gourd mold from the molded article.
Description
- This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/133,175, filed Apr. 26, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,153,456, which claims priority to Provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/287,064, filed Apr. 28, 2001.
- The art of making molds with which to produce ceramic articles has been known since ancient times. One method of making such molds which has been used since ancient times is to form the mold-making material, traditionally plaster, around a natural object such as a fruit or vegetable. Such methods utilize the outside surface of the natural object to form the inside surface of the mold and thus the product made from the mold has the shape of the original object. In contrast thereto, the present invention utilizes the veined and textured inside surface of a naturally occurring hollow object commonly known as a gourd either as the mold face, or to form the mold face. Thus the outside surfaces of the present products have the texture as well as the shape of the inside of such naturally occurring object.
- A second field of the present invention is gourd artistry, which has also been known since ancient times. The woody fruits commonly known as gourds have been used in most parts of the world as food and water containers, musical instruments, floats, and to fill countless other human needs; in some cultures the decoration of gourds remains a respected and elaborate art form. However, there is no evidence whatsoever of gourds having been used as molds to produce objects from other materials such as clay; thus the present invention represents a new and unobvious use for a naturally-occurring thing.
- The present invention relates to a method of making unique gourd molds suited to the production of ceramic and other articles and most practically to the production of models useful in making traditional production molds for ceramic and other arts, and to a method of making articles using such molds. The articles produced by the present molds have an organic appearance, the veins and textures looking somewhat like plant fossils. Each gourd mold embodies patterns which are unique in the way that a human fingerprint is unique. Thus the textures and shapes produced by the present invention are unique, random, and substantially infinite.
- Accordingly, several objects and advantages of the invention are: to provide a novel method for forming aesthetically pleasing shapes and textures in ceramics; to provide a new method for capturing textures from nature which would be impossible for a human being to create; to provide a new method for capturing shapes from nature; and to provide a product which people may use in their everyday lives which connects them with the natural world and in particular with gourds, which were provided by nature as the original dishes and containers used by humans.
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FIG. 1 is a perspective drawing showing an example of a dry, uncut gourd which is ready to be made into a mold.Lines 15 and 17 represent two examples of ways in which the gourd -may be cut at the widest points vertically or horizontally depending upon the intended product to be molded. -
FIG. 2 is a perspective drawing showing the same gourd which has been cut along line 17, and cleaned revealing the veins andtextures 19. -
FIG. 3 is a perspective drawing showing a clay bowl which has been molded in the bottom part of the gourd mold shown inFIG. 2 . Thetextures 21 are impressions of the gourd mold face. Theindentation 23 has resulted from a natural convex curve at theblossom end 13 of the gourd mold. -
FIG. 4 is an additional perspective drawing of the bowl shown inFIG. 3 . - The Gourd Mold
- The naturally occurring products most useful in the present invention are fruits of the gourd family, an example of which is shown in
FIG. 1 . In general, these fruits are woody and basically hollow when dried, having shells from about ⅛ inch to about ½ inch thick. They grow in an infinite variety of sizes, up to about 20 inches in diameter. The shapes vary widely as well and include forms unique to gourds as well as shapes mimicking many other fruits such as squash, grapefruit, or pears. - Eminently useful in the present invention are the lagenaria, or hard-shell gourd and the cucurbita, or ornamental gourd. While the outside of the useful fruit is relatively hard, the inside of the dried gourd is softer, more porous and textured with veins. These organic markings and the fact that the gourd is a porous natural container make it uniquely suited to use as a mold for the creation of objects or, more pragmatically, for the creation of models with which to create traditional molds.
- Initially the dried gourd is selected for the size and shape of the object to be made. For example, to mold a cup, the gourd selected might have roughly a round circumference with the diameter ranging from four inches to six inches. If the finished object is to be a bowl, the gourd that is selected has a larger circumference and may suitably be roughly round, oval or of various natural shapes. If the finished object is to be a vase, the choice of gourd size and shape is an aesthetic one.
- The gourd may then be cut using a keyhole saw, jig saw, sabre saw, band saw, or laser to provide access to the inside of the gourd for the removal of the seeds and pulp. The inventor's preferred tools are a miniature electric jig saw and a standard electric jig saw, the latter of which is commonly used for woodworking. If a simple shape, i.e., one which can be produced with a one-part mold, is desired, the initial cut to access cleaning may be made with the standard jig saw, which cuts fast but removes more of the shell than the miniature jig saw. The cut should be made around the circumference of the gourd along the widest part of the circumference 17 to facilitate removal of the seeds and pulp and later the removal of the finished molded item shown in
FIGS. 3 and 4 . To produce items such as cups or bowls, the gourd is typically cut horizontally, i.e., along a line running roughly perpendicular to the axis of the gourd connecting the stem end 11 to theblossom end 13. - To produce articles such as vases which have more complex shapes and will require production molds of two or more pieces, the gourd may be cut in various ways as the shape dictates for cleaning purposes and then glued back together after cleaning. Most commonly the gourd is cut vertically along a
line 15 from stem end 11 toblossom end 13 of the gourd. Cutting for these items is done with a miniature jig saw so that a minimum amount of the gourd shell is lost, thus allowing the gourd to be reconstructed after cleaning. - The initial step in the removal of the seeds and dried pulp is suitably done manually. After such manual removal the inside of the gourd will usually have portions of pulp clinging to the inside surface of the gourd. To remove such remaining material without damaging the natural markings or internal shape of the gourd, two preferred methods are used depending upon the nature of the pulp in a particular gourd: 1) water pressure from a garden hose or a pressure washer and 2) a fine wire brush attached to a flexible shaft and powered by an electric motor but applied manually in a delicate manner. The process of preparing the inside of the gourd may also be performed with air pressure, or by chemical means, provided that the inside markings and internal shape of the gourd are not damaged or destroyed. If the gourd has been cleaned with water pressure, it is air-dried for a period of two to three days before it is used as a mold.
- In the case of a two-or-more-part gourd mold, the parts of the gourd are glued back together after cleaning with the use of wood glue as both glue and caulk such that there are no cracks or leaks in the finished gourd mold. The parts of the mold are held together while the glue sets with strong tape, flexible clamps, or wide rubber bands such as are typically used to hold plaster molds together. After the gourd mold has been glued back together and the glue allowed to dry, a hole is then cut in the desired place for pouring the casting material into the gourd.
- In the process of producing molded articles according to the present invention, the internal surfaces of the dried gourd are typically pre-treated with known external mold release agents, or mixtures thereof, depending upon the choice of material with which the mold will be cast. For example, the mold surface, or surfaces, may be treated with conventional external mold release agents such as talc, soaps, waxes, or any of a number of commercially manufactured mixtures available.
- The preferred release agent when the gourd mold is to be cast with clay slip, which is the inventor's preferred base material, is a mixture of talc and fine sand. The mixture is poured liberally into the gourd and moved around inside the gourd so that the mixture goes into all crevices and indentations; then the remaining mixture is poured back out of the gourd.
- The base casting materials useful in the present invention are those which will readily conform to the internal shape and texture of the gourd. Those useful include: clays, plasters, rubbers, plastics, resins, silicones or waxes. Using these various materials to make models of the inside of the gourd mold, such models may then be used to create molds from various materials for the production of clay, cement, wax, metal, resin, or other articles using this invention. The molding process may in these cases be appropriately selected from the prior art methods, depending on the base material that is utilized. If the preferred material is clay, the molded article may be produced by a press molding process as well as a slip-casting process.
- As stated, the inventor's preferred base material is clay slip or slurry. Such preference is a function of resources readily available to the inventor and the relative ease with which a plaster production mold may be made from a moist clay model. The slurry may be made or bought commercially. After the release agent has been applied to the inside of the gourd, a known process of slip-casting is used, the only difference between the present invention and the prior art of slip-casting in plaster molds being that the slip must remain in the gourd for a period of three to eight hours rather than the 20-40 minutes required for casting in a plaster mold. This long casting time is necessary to obtain a clay vessel wall which is thick enough to survive the shrinkage and release process and thick enough for use as a sturdy model for making a plaster mold.
- After the base material has been cast in the mold the material is allowed to dry slowly over a period of from two to ten days. During this drying period the formed article is released from the mold face and may be removed from the gourd mold. If the gourd mold has both convex and concave surfaces as in
FIG. 1 , the mold must be burned away or cut from the formed article, the latter being the preferred method. Suitably this is carefully done along line 17 orline 15 using a miniature cutting wheel on a high speed drill. The preferred tool has a diameter of about ½ inch so that the cut is about 3/16 inch deep, allowing the cut to be made without damaging the formed article. Typically when a clay base material is used, the article has shrunk enough to leave an air space of about ⅛ inch between the gourd mold inner surface and the surface of the formed article. - When plaster, rubber, or other model-making material has been used, shrinkage typically will not have taken place during the curing process. Thus the gourd shell must not be cut all the way through, which would damage the model, but must be deeply scored to allow the gourd to be carefully broken apart by hand. The scoring may be done with any of a variety of commercially available routing or carving bits on a high-speed drill.
- While the present invention has been described herein with reference to certain examples and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention, the scope of which is to be determined by reference to the following claims.
Claims (18)
1.-9. (canceled)
10. A ceramic article comprising:
a shape;
an inside surface;
an outside surface;
said outside surface bearing an impression of at least a portion of a porous and textured internal surface of a preselected dried gourd from which seeds, pulp, and filament material have been substantially removed;
said shape being substantially the same as the shape of at least a portion of said preselected dried gourd.
11. The ceramic article of claim 10 and wherein said impression includes impressions of veins.
12. The ceramic article of claim 11 and wherein said impression includes impressions of pores.
13. The ceramic article of claim 10 and wherein said ceramic article comprises tableware.
14. The ceramic article of claim 13 and wherein said tableware is a bowl.
15. The ceramic article of claim 10 and wherein said shape is generally concave.
16. The ceramic article of claim 15 and wherein the preselected dried gourd has a blossom end with a substantially convex indentation and wherein said impression includes an impression of the indentation.
17. The ceramic article of claim 16 and wherein said ceramic article comprises a bowl.
18. The ceramic article of claim 17 and wherein said bowl has a bottom and wherein said impression of the indentation is located on said bottom.
19. A ceramic article comprising at least one surface that bears the impression of at least a portion of the interior surface of a preselected dried gourd from which seeds, pulp, and filament material have been substantially removed to reveal texture, said ceramic article further having a shape that is substantially the same as the shape of a portion of the dried gourd.
20. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 19 and wherein the texture includes veins and said impression includes impressions of the veins.
21. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 20 and wherein the texture includes pores and said impression includes impressions of the pores.
22. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 19 and wherein said ceramic article comprises tableware.
23. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 22 and wherein said tableware is generally concave.
24. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 23 and wherein said at least one surface comprises an exterior surface.
25. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 24 and wherein said shape includes a generally convex indentation that is the impression of a natural convex curve at a blossom end of the gourd.
26. A ceramic article as claimed in claim 25 and wherein said tableware is a bowl.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/643,751 US20070194485A1 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2006-12-21 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US28706401P | 2001-04-28 | 2001-04-28 | |
US10/133,175 US7153456B2 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2002-04-26 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
US11/643,751 US20070194485A1 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2006-12-21 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US10/133,175 Continuation US7153456B2 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2002-04-26 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
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US20070194485A1 true US20070194485A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
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US10/133,175 Expired - Lifetime US7153456B2 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2002-04-26 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
US11/643,751 Abandoned US20070194485A1 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2006-12-21 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
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US10/133,175 Expired - Lifetime US7153456B2 (en) | 2001-04-28 | 2002-04-26 | Method of making molds for making articles and a method of molding articles using such molds |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20090186631A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-23 | Masarie Jr Fred E | Location Based Information Related to Preferences |
CN108407526A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-08-17 | 李奇元 | Cucurbit based on Milling Principle goes to bottom to decore automated machine equipment |
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---|---|---|---|---|
NL1029571C2 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2007-01-23 | Jiffy Internat As | Method for growing plants as well as a growing medium. |
CN105605526B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏工程职业技术学院 | A kind of manufacture craft of abnormity lantern |
CN114223425A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-25 | 天津市兆富科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing gourd cover without model mark |
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US4053650A (en) * | 1973-11-13 | 1977-10-11 | Meji Seika Kaisha Ltd. | Baked confections and process for the preparation thereof |
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US4827666A (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1989-05-09 | Tweddell Iii Richard | Method and apparatus for molding fruits |
US4836969A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1989-06-06 | Cemtech Laboratories Inc. | Method of casting a structure from cementitious |
US5858485A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1999-01-12 | Chou; John Y. | Structure and process for producing artificial fruits and vegetables |
US6497046B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-12-24 | Pumpkin Ltd. | Safety saw for cutting soft materials |
US6513454B1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-02-04 | John S. Snyder | Martin house starling excluder |
US6546654B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2003-04-15 | Color Garden, Inc. | Display stand |
-
2002
- 2002-04-26 US US10/133,175 patent/US7153456B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-12-21 US US11/643,751 patent/US20070194485A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (10)
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US1373121A (en) * | 1919-05-14 | 1921-03-29 | James H Emery | Hollow casting and method of producing same |
US2659222A (en) * | 1950-08-26 | 1953-11-17 | Meier William Alfred | Compotier |
US4053650A (en) * | 1973-11-13 | 1977-10-11 | Meji Seika Kaisha Ltd. | Baked confections and process for the preparation thereof |
USD282332S (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1986-01-28 | American Commercial, Incorporated | Tureen |
US4827666A (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1989-05-09 | Tweddell Iii Richard | Method and apparatus for molding fruits |
US4836969A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1989-06-06 | Cemtech Laboratories Inc. | Method of casting a structure from cementitious |
US5858485A (en) * | 1995-12-11 | 1999-01-12 | Chou; John Y. | Structure and process for producing artificial fruits and vegetables |
US6497046B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2002-12-24 | Pumpkin Ltd. | Safety saw for cutting soft materials |
US6546654B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2003-04-15 | Color Garden, Inc. | Display stand |
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US20090186631A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-23 | Masarie Jr Fred E | Location Based Information Related to Preferences |
CN108407526A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-08-17 | 李奇元 | Cucurbit based on Milling Principle goes to bottom to decore automated machine equipment |
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US20020171166A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
US7153456B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
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