US20070084119A1 - Liquid fuel reformer apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid fuel reformer apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070084119A1
US20070084119A1 US11/250,682 US25068205A US2007084119A1 US 20070084119 A1 US20070084119 A1 US 20070084119A1 US 25068205 A US25068205 A US 25068205A US 2007084119 A1 US2007084119 A1 US 2007084119A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid fuel
regulator member
reformer apparatus
fuel reformer
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/250,682
Inventor
John MacBain
Michael Salemi
Jonathon Bennett
John Kirwan
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Delphi Technologies Inc
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Application filed by Delphi Technologies Inc filed Critical Delphi Technologies Inc
Priority to US11/250,682 priority Critical patent/US20070084119A1/en
Assigned to DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. reassignment DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BENNETT, JONATHAN R., SALEMI, MICHAEL R., KIRWAN, JOHN E., MAC BAIN, JOHN ALAN
Publication of US20070084119A1 publication Critical patent/US20070084119A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/2485—Monolithic reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/2495—Net-type reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B01J8/0085—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction promoting uninterrupted fluid flow, e.g. by filtering out particles in front of the catalyst layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0207—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly horizontal
    • B01J8/0221—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly horizontal in a cylindrical shaped bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2208/00415—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements electric resistance heaters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reformer apparatus for catalytically converting liquid fuels to a blend of gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components. More particularly, the present invention relates to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member whose effect is to facilitate the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
  • Fuels on board vehicles for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, or other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels, generally include components of relatively low volatility.
  • hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel
  • military fuels such as JP8 or the like
  • other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels
  • the present invention is directed to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that comprises a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream.
  • a reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to liquid fuel and to air and vapor flow.
  • the liquid fuel reformer apparatus of the present invention can be applied to any liquid fuels commonly found on board vehicles, including, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, and other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
  • hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel
  • military fuels such as JP8 or the like
  • other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts, in accordance with the present invention, a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member for facilitating the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 , and 4 are schematic plan views of variants of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a further variant of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
  • the reformer apparatus of the present invention facilitates the reforming reaction by, for example, reducing the droplet size of the introduced fuel, diverting the fuel droplets from the reactor wall, increasing the flow velocity of the introduced air in the vicinity of the injected fuel, and improving the mixing of fuel and air.
  • a liquid fuel reformer apparatus 10 comprises a reactor chamber that is preferably a cylindrical tube 11 having an interior wall surface 12 , a first end 13 , and a second end 14 .
  • An injector 15 for introducing liquid fuel F and an inlet 16 for receiving an air flow A are located at first end 13
  • an outlet 17 for discharging a reformate fuel stream F is located at second end 14 .
  • reactor tube 11 Disposed within reactor tube 11 is a reforming catalyst 18 for converting fuel and air to reformate fuel stream R, and a regulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed between first end 13 and catalyst 18 .
  • a regulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed between first end 13 and catalyst 18 .
  • FIG. 2 schematically depicts regulator member 219 , which is one variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
  • Regulator member 219 comprises a mesh 220 , preferably knitted or woven from metal and preferably with openings of about 40-400 ⁇ m.
  • annular pattern P formed on mesh 220 by the spray cone of fuel droplets D (depicted in FIG. 1 ) produced by injector 15 .
  • the dimensions of annular pattern P depend on the characteristics of injector 15 , the characteristics of the flow field in front of mesh 220 , and the distance between injector 15 and regulator member 19 ( 219 ). This distance can be varied as appropriate, but it is desirable that droplets D are intercepted by mesh 220 prior to striking interior wall surface 12 of tube 11 . Passage of droplets D through mesh 220 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size, with a consequent benefit of improved volatilization and increased reactivity with air.
  • FIG. 3 schematically depicts regulator member 319 , a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
  • Regulator member 319 comprises a mesh 320 , similar to mesh 220 of FIG. 2 , but further includes a second centered circular portion 321 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow. Passage of droplets D through mesh 320 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size; in addition, the constriction provided by impermeable portion 321 would result in increased velocity of the air flow accompanying the fuel through mesh 320 .
  • regulator member 419 is regulator member 419 , schematically depicted in FIG. 4 .
  • regulator member 419 comprises a mesh 420 and a centered circular portion 421 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow, and it also includes a peripheral circular portion 422 that also is impermeable to fuel droplets and air. It is desirable that the regulator members 319 and 419 both be configured so that the annular pattern P of fuel droplets D produced by injector 15 , as shown in FIG.1 , be formed on mesh 320 and mesh 420 , respectively.
  • regulator members 319 and 419 would be expected to provide a significant increase in the velocity of the air passing through them, resulting in an enhanced fuel-air mixing rate.
  • the surfaces of impermeable portions 320 and 420 - 421 of regulator members 319 and 419 , respectively, that face catalyst 18 can be adapted to absorb thermal radiation from the catalyst, providing an efficient heat source for promoting the fuel-air reaction.
  • any of the variants of regulator member 19 can also be adapted for external electrical heating, which is preferably applied to those portions that are permeable to fuel and air.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of regulator member 519 , a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
  • Regulator member 519 is characterized by a honeycomb structure 520 that comprises a plurality of individual cells 521 .
  • the honeycomb structure of regulator member 519 is characterized by a somewhat greater but still limited thickness, just sufficient to direct the path of the fuel droplets D so as to prevent them from directly impacting wall surface 12 .
  • FIG. 5 depicts regulator member 519 as having a fully open honeycomb structure, it can be configured to include portions impermeable to fuel and air, similar to the impermeable portions of members 319 and 419 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

liquid fuel reformer apparatus includes a reactor tube having at a first end and injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream. A reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to the liquid fuel and to air flow.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The present invention relates to a reformer apparatus for catalytically converting liquid fuels to a blend of gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components. More particularly, the present invention relates to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member whose effect is to facilitate the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Fuels on board vehicles, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, or other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels, generally include components of relatively low volatility. The combustion of liquid droplets of such fuels prior to their vaporization typically results in the formation of soot and coke as undesirable byproducts.
  • The use of a catalytic reformer to convert a liquid fuel into a gaseous fuel stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components is known. However the injected liquid fuel is prone to be deposited on the walls of the reformer chamber, forming puddles that are difficult to vaporize or combust. This situation, which is especially likely to occur during cold start operation, results in the production of residues that present a challenge to the control of air:fuel ratios and are adverse to reliable long term operation of the reformer.
  • Increased volatilization and more complete combustion and/or reforming of the liquid fuel injected into a reformer reactor chamber would be highly desirable. These beneficial results are provided by the apparatus of the present invention.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention is directed to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that comprises a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream. A reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to liquid fuel and to air and vapor flow.
  • The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of the present invention can be applied to any liquid fuels commonly found on board vehicles, including, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, and other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Referring now to the drawings, which are intended to be exemplary, not limiting:
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts, in accordance with the present invention, a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member for facilitating the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
  • FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are schematic plan views of variants of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a further variant of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • As already noted, when a liquid fuel that contains low volatility components is introduced into a reformer apparatus, there is a tendency for fuel droplets impinging on the reformer wall interior surface to agglomerate, forming puddles that resist vaporization and reforming. The reformer apparatus of the present invention, with its included regulator member, facilitates the reforming reaction by, for example, reducing the droplet size of the introduced fuel, diverting the fuel droplets from the reactor wall, increasing the flow velocity of the introduced air in the vicinity of the injected fuel, and improving the mixing of fuel and air.
  • Referring to FIG. 1, a liquid fuel reformer apparatus 10 comprises a reactor chamber that is preferably a cylindrical tube 11 having an interior wall surface 12, a first end 13, and a second end 14. An injector 15 for introducing liquid fuel F and an inlet 16 for receiving an air flow A are located at first end 13, and an outlet 17 for discharging a reformate fuel stream F is located at second end 14.
  • Disposed within reactor tube 11 is a reforming catalyst 18 for converting fuel and air to reformate fuel stream R, and a regulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed between first end 13 and catalyst 18. Although only a single regulator member 19 is depicted in FIG. 1, it is to be understood that a plurality of such members can be included in reactor tube 11.
  • FIG. 2 schematically depicts regulator member 219, which is one variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1. Regulator member 219 comprises a mesh 220, preferably knitted or woven from metal and preferably with openings of about 40-400 μm.
  • Also shown in FIG. 2 is an annular pattern P, formed on mesh 220 by the spray cone of fuel droplets D (depicted in FIG. 1) produced by injector 15. The dimensions of annular pattern P depend on the characteristics of injector 15, the characteristics of the flow field in front of mesh 220, and the distance between injector 15 and regulator member 19 (219). This distance can be varied as appropriate, but it is desirable that droplets D are intercepted by mesh 220 prior to striking interior wall surface 12 of tube 11. Passage of droplets D through mesh 220 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size, with a consequent benefit of improved volatilization and increased reactivity with air.
  • FIG. 3 schematically depicts regulator member 319, a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1. Regulator member 319 comprises a mesh 320, similar to mesh 220 of FIG. 2, but further includes a second centered circular portion 321 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow. Passage of droplets D through mesh 320 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size; in addition, the constriction provided by impermeable portion 321 would result in increased velocity of the air flow accompanying the fuel through mesh 320.
  • Still another variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 is regulator member 419, schematically depicted in FIG. 4. Similar to regulator member 319 depicted in FIG. 3, regulator member 419 comprises a mesh 420 and a centered circular portion 421 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow, and it also includes a peripheral circular portion 422 that also is impermeable to fuel droplets and air. It is desirable that the regulator members 319 and 419 both be configured so that the annular pattern P of fuel droplets D produced by injector 15, as shown in FIG.1, be formed on mesh 320 and mesh 420, respectively.
  • Both of regulator members 319 and 419 would be expected to provide a significant increase in the velocity of the air passing through them, resulting in an enhanced fuel-air mixing rate. In addition, the surfaces of impermeable portions 320 and 420-421 of regulator members 319 and 419, respectively, that face catalyst 18 can be adapted to absorb thermal radiation from the catalyst, providing an efficient heat source for promoting the fuel-air reaction. If desired, any of the variants of regulator member 19 can also be adapted for external electrical heating, which is preferably applied to those portions that are permeable to fuel and air.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of regulator member 519, a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1. Regulator member 519 is characterized by a honeycomb structure 520 that comprises a plurality of individual cells 521. Compared to the variants 219, 319, and 419 that include a mesh portion, the honeycomb structure of regulator member 519 is characterized by a somewhat greater but still limited thickness, just sufficient to direct the path of the fuel droplets D so as to prevent them from directly impacting wall surface 12.
  • Although FIG. 5 depicts regulator member 519 as having a fully open honeycomb structure, it can be configured to include portions impermeable to fuel and air, similar to the impermeable portions of members 319 and 419.
  • While the invention has been described by reference to various specific embodiments, it should be understood that numerous changes may be made within the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts described. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the described embodiments, but will have full scope defined by the language of the following claims.

Claims (8)

1. A liquid fuel reformer apparatus comprising:
a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream;
a reforming catalyst disposed within said reactor tube for converting said liquid fuel to said reformate fuel stream; and
at least one regulator member disposed between said first end and said catalyst, at least a portion of said regulator member being permeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow.
2. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a metal mesh.
3. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a first portion permeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow and a second portion impermeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow, said regulator member operating to reduce the size of liquid fuel droplets and to increase the velocity of air flow passing through said first portion.
4. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 3 wherein said second portion comprises a centered circular portion of said regulator member.
5. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 4 wherein said second portion further comprises a peripheral circular portion of said regulator member.
6. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 3 wherein said regulator member comprises a first surface proximate said catalyst and a second surface distal said catalyst, said first surface being adapted to absorb thermal radiation from said catalyst.
7. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a honeycomb structure.
8. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member is adapted for externally applied electrical heating.
US11/250,682 2005-10-14 2005-10-14 Liquid fuel reformer apparatus Abandoned US20070084119A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012106048A1 (en) 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Precision Combustion, Inc. Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6143254A (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-11-07 Erven; Roger Joyce Emissions reduction system & method therefor
US20010049906A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel reforming apparatus
US20030215374A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Wheeldon Ian R. Compact methanol steam reformer with integrated hydrogen separation
US20030233789A1 (en) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-25 Dauer Kenneth J. Method and apparatus for fuel/air preparation in a fuel cell
US20030234302A1 (en) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-25 Varble Daniel L. Fuel swirler plate for a fuel injector

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6143254A (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-11-07 Erven; Roger Joyce Emissions reduction system & method therefor
US20010049906A1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel reforming apparatus
US20030215374A1 (en) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Wheeldon Ian R. Compact methanol steam reformer with integrated hydrogen separation
US20030233789A1 (en) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-25 Dauer Kenneth J. Method and apparatus for fuel/air preparation in a fuel cell
US20030234302A1 (en) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-25 Varble Daniel L. Fuel swirler plate for a fuel injector

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012106048A1 (en) 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Precision Combustion, Inc. Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel
US20130266903A1 (en) * 2011-02-01 2013-10-10 Precision Combustion, Inc. Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel
US9371991B2 (en) * 2011-02-01 2016-06-21 Precision Combustion, Inc. Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel
EP2671027A4 (en) * 2011-02-01 2017-12-13 Precision Combustion, Inc. Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel

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Owner name: DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., MICHIGAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MAC BAIN, JOHN ALAN;SALEMI, MICHAEL R.;BENNETT, JONATHAN R.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017112/0089;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051005 TO 20051014

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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