US20070084119A1 - Liquid fuel reformer apparatus - Google Patents
Liquid fuel reformer apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20070084119A1 US20070084119A1 US11/250,682 US25068205A US2007084119A1 US 20070084119 A1 US20070084119 A1 US 20070084119A1 US 25068205 A US25068205 A US 25068205A US 2007084119 A1 US2007084119 A1 US 2007084119A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- liquid fuel
- regulator member
- reformer apparatus
- fuel reformer
- air flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/2485—Monolithic reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
- B01J19/2495—Net-type reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
- B01J8/0085—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction promoting uninterrupted fluid flow, e.g. by filtering out particles in front of the catalyst layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0207—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly horizontal
- B01J8/0221—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly horizontal in a cylindrical shaped bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00415—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements electric resistance heaters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reformer apparatus for catalytically converting liquid fuels to a blend of gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components. More particularly, the present invention relates to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member whose effect is to facilitate the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
- Fuels on board vehicles for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, or other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels, generally include components of relatively low volatility.
- hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel
- military fuels such as JP8 or the like
- other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels
- the present invention is directed to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that comprises a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream.
- a reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to liquid fuel and to air and vapor flow.
- the liquid fuel reformer apparatus of the present invention can be applied to any liquid fuels commonly found on board vehicles, including, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, and other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
- hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel
- military fuels such as JP8 or the like
- other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
- FIG. 1 schematically depicts, in accordance with the present invention, a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member for facilitating the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
- FIGS. 2, 3 , and 4 are schematic plan views of variants of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a further variant of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention.
- the reformer apparatus of the present invention facilitates the reforming reaction by, for example, reducing the droplet size of the introduced fuel, diverting the fuel droplets from the reactor wall, increasing the flow velocity of the introduced air in the vicinity of the injected fuel, and improving the mixing of fuel and air.
- a liquid fuel reformer apparatus 10 comprises a reactor chamber that is preferably a cylindrical tube 11 having an interior wall surface 12 , a first end 13 , and a second end 14 .
- An injector 15 for introducing liquid fuel F and an inlet 16 for receiving an air flow A are located at first end 13
- an outlet 17 for discharging a reformate fuel stream F is located at second end 14 .
- reactor tube 11 Disposed within reactor tube 11 is a reforming catalyst 18 for converting fuel and air to reformate fuel stream R, and a regulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed between first end 13 and catalyst 18 .
- a regulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed between first end 13 and catalyst 18 .
- FIG. 2 schematically depicts regulator member 219 , which is one variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
- Regulator member 219 comprises a mesh 220 , preferably knitted or woven from metal and preferably with openings of about 40-400 ⁇ m.
- annular pattern P formed on mesh 220 by the spray cone of fuel droplets D (depicted in FIG. 1 ) produced by injector 15 .
- the dimensions of annular pattern P depend on the characteristics of injector 15 , the characteristics of the flow field in front of mesh 220 , and the distance between injector 15 and regulator member 19 ( 219 ). This distance can be varied as appropriate, but it is desirable that droplets D are intercepted by mesh 220 prior to striking interior wall surface 12 of tube 11 . Passage of droplets D through mesh 220 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size, with a consequent benefit of improved volatilization and increased reactivity with air.
- FIG. 3 schematically depicts regulator member 319 , a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
- Regulator member 319 comprises a mesh 320 , similar to mesh 220 of FIG. 2 , but further includes a second centered circular portion 321 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow. Passage of droplets D through mesh 320 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size; in addition, the constriction provided by impermeable portion 321 would result in increased velocity of the air flow accompanying the fuel through mesh 320 .
- regulator member 419 is regulator member 419 , schematically depicted in FIG. 4 .
- regulator member 419 comprises a mesh 420 and a centered circular portion 421 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow, and it also includes a peripheral circular portion 422 that also is impermeable to fuel droplets and air. It is desirable that the regulator members 319 and 419 both be configured so that the annular pattern P of fuel droplets D produced by injector 15 , as shown in FIG.1 , be formed on mesh 320 and mesh 420 , respectively.
- regulator members 319 and 419 would be expected to provide a significant increase in the velocity of the air passing through them, resulting in an enhanced fuel-air mixing rate.
- the surfaces of impermeable portions 320 and 420 - 421 of regulator members 319 and 419 , respectively, that face catalyst 18 can be adapted to absorb thermal radiation from the catalyst, providing an efficient heat source for promoting the fuel-air reaction.
- any of the variants of regulator member 19 can also be adapted for external electrical heating, which is preferably applied to those portions that are permeable to fuel and air.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of regulator member 519 , a further variant of the regulator member 19 generically represented in FIG. 1 .
- Regulator member 519 is characterized by a honeycomb structure 520 that comprises a plurality of individual cells 521 .
- the honeycomb structure of regulator member 519 is characterized by a somewhat greater but still limited thickness, just sufficient to direct the path of the fuel droplets D so as to prevent them from directly impacting wall surface 12 .
- FIG. 5 depicts regulator member 519 as having a fully open honeycomb structure, it can be configured to include portions impermeable to fuel and air, similar to the impermeable portions of members 319 and 419 .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
liquid fuel reformer apparatus includes a reactor tube having at a first end and injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream. A reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to the liquid fuel and to air flow.
Description
- The present invention relates to a reformer apparatus for catalytically converting liquid fuels to a blend of gases containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components. More particularly, the present invention relates to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member whose effect is to facilitate the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus.
- Fuels on board vehicles, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, or other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels, generally include components of relatively low volatility. The combustion of liquid droplets of such fuels prior to their vaporization typically results in the formation of soot and coke as undesirable byproducts.
- The use of a catalytic reformer to convert a liquid fuel into a gaseous fuel stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as major components is known. However the injected liquid fuel is prone to be deposited on the walls of the reformer chamber, forming puddles that are difficult to vaporize or combust. This situation, which is especially likely to occur during cold start operation, results in the production of residues that present a challenge to the control of air:fuel ratios and are adverse to reliable long term operation of the reformer.
- Increased volatilization and more complete combustion and/or reforming of the liquid fuel injected into a reformer reactor chamber would be highly desirable. These beneficial results are provided by the apparatus of the present invention.
- The present invention is directed to a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that comprises a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing droplets of liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream. A reforming catalyst for converting the liquid fuel to the reformate fuel stream is disposed within the reactor tube, and at least one regulator member is disposed between the first end of the tube and the catalyst. At least a portion of the regulator member is permeable to liquid fuel and to air and vapor flow.
- The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of the present invention can be applied to any liquid fuels commonly found on board vehicles, including, for example, hydrocarbon mixtures such as gasoline or diesel fuel, military fuels such as JP8 or the like, and other fuels such as kerosene, biodiesel, alcohol or oxygenated fuels.
- Referring now to the drawings, which are intended to be exemplary, not limiting:
-
FIG. 1 schematically depicts, in accordance with the present invention, a liquid fuel reformer apparatus that includes a regulator member for facilitating the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel introduced into the apparatus. -
FIGS. 2, 3 , and 4 are schematic plan views of variants of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention. -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a further variant of the regulator member included in the reformer apparatus of the present invention. - As already noted, when a liquid fuel that contains low volatility components is introduced into a reformer apparatus, there is a tendency for fuel droplets impinging on the reformer wall interior surface to agglomerate, forming puddles that resist vaporization and reforming. The reformer apparatus of the present invention, with its included regulator member, facilitates the reforming reaction by, for example, reducing the droplet size of the introduced fuel, diverting the fuel droplets from the reactor wall, increasing the flow velocity of the introduced air in the vicinity of the injected fuel, and improving the mixing of fuel and air.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 , a liquidfuel reformer apparatus 10 comprises a reactor chamber that is preferably acylindrical tube 11 having aninterior wall surface 12, afirst end 13, and asecond end 14. Aninjector 15 for introducing liquid fuel F and aninlet 16 for receiving an air flow A are located atfirst end 13, and anoutlet 17 for discharging a reformate fuel stream F is located atsecond end 14. - Disposed within
reactor tube 11 is a reformingcatalyst 18 for converting fuel and air to reformate fuel stream R, and aregulator member 19 that facilitates the vaporization and reforming of liquid fuel F is disposed betweenfirst end 13 andcatalyst 18. Although only asingle regulator member 19 is depicted inFIG. 1 , it is to be understood that a plurality of such members can be included inreactor tube 11. -
FIG. 2 schematically depictsregulator member 219, which is one variant of theregulator member 19 generically represented inFIG. 1 .Regulator member 219 comprises amesh 220, preferably knitted or woven from metal and preferably with openings of about 40-400 μm. - Also shown in
FIG. 2 is an annular pattern P, formed onmesh 220 by the spray cone of fuel droplets D (depicted inFIG. 1 ) produced byinjector 15. The dimensions of annular pattern P depend on the characteristics ofinjector 15, the characteristics of the flow field in front ofmesh 220, and the distance betweeninjector 15 and regulator member 19 (219). This distance can be varied as appropriate, but it is desirable that droplets D are intercepted bymesh 220 prior to strikinginterior wall surface 12 oftube 11. Passage of droplets D throughmesh 220 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size, with a consequent benefit of improved volatilization and increased reactivity with air. -
FIG. 3 schematically depictsregulator member 319, a further variant of theregulator member 19 generically represented inFIG. 1 .Regulator member 319 comprises amesh 320, similar tomesh 220 ofFIG. 2 , but further includes a second centeredcircular portion 321 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow. Passage of droplets D throughmesh 320 is expected to result in a scattered pattern of droplets of reduced size; in addition, the constriction provided byimpermeable portion 321 would result in increased velocity of the air flow accompanying the fuel throughmesh 320. - Still another variant of the
regulator member 19 generically represented inFIG. 1 isregulator member 419, schematically depicted inFIG. 4 . Similar toregulator member 319 depicted inFIG. 3 ,regulator member 419 comprises amesh 420 and a centeredcircular portion 421 that is impermeable to liquid fuel droplets and to air flow, and it also includes a peripheralcircular portion 422 that also is impermeable to fuel droplets and air. It is desirable that theregulator members injector 15, as shown inFIG.1 , be formed onmesh 320 andmesh 420, respectively. - Both of
regulator members impermeable portions 320 and 420-421 ofregulator members face catalyst 18 can be adapted to absorb thermal radiation from the catalyst, providing an efficient heat source for promoting the fuel-air reaction. If desired, any of the variants ofregulator member 19 can also be adapted for external electrical heating, which is preferably applied to those portions that are permeable to fuel and air. -
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of regulator member 519, a further variant of theregulator member 19 generically represented inFIG. 1 . Regulator member 519 is characterized by ahoneycomb structure 520 that comprises a plurality ofindividual cells 521. Compared to thevariants wall surface 12. - Although
FIG. 5 depicts regulator member 519 as having a fully open honeycomb structure, it can be configured to include portions impermeable to fuel and air, similar to the impermeable portions ofmembers - While the invention has been described by reference to various specific embodiments, it should be understood that numerous changes may be made within the spirit and scope of the inventive concepts described. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the described embodiments, but will have full scope defined by the language of the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A liquid fuel reformer apparatus comprising:
a reactor tube having at a first end an injector for introducing liquid fuel and an inlet for introducing an air flow, and at a second end an outlet for discharging a reformate fuel stream;
a reforming catalyst disposed within said reactor tube for converting said liquid fuel to said reformate fuel stream; and
at least one regulator member disposed between said first end and said catalyst, at least a portion of said regulator member being permeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow.
2. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a metal mesh.
3. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a first portion permeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow and a second portion impermeable to said liquid fuel and said air flow, said regulator member operating to reduce the size of liquid fuel droplets and to increase the velocity of air flow passing through said first portion.
4. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 3 wherein said second portion comprises a centered circular portion of said regulator member.
5. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 4 wherein said second portion further comprises a peripheral circular portion of said regulator member.
6. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 3 wherein said regulator member comprises a first surface proximate said catalyst and a second surface distal said catalyst, said first surface being adapted to absorb thermal radiation from said catalyst.
7. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member comprises a honeycomb structure.
8. The liquid fuel reformer apparatus of claim 1 wherein said regulator member is adapted for externally applied electrical heating.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/250,682 US20070084119A1 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2005-10-14 | Liquid fuel reformer apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/250,682 US20070084119A1 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2005-10-14 | Liquid fuel reformer apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20070084119A1 true US20070084119A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
Family
ID=37946856
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/250,682 Abandoned US20070084119A1 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2005-10-14 | Liquid fuel reformer apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012106048A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-09 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6143254A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-11-07 | Erven; Roger Joyce | Emissions reduction system & method therefor |
US20010049906A1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel reforming apparatus |
US20030215374A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-20 | Wheeldon Ian R. | Compact methanol steam reformer with integrated hydrogen separation |
US20030233789A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-25 | Dauer Kenneth J. | Method and apparatus for fuel/air preparation in a fuel cell |
US20030234302A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-25 | Varble Daniel L. | Fuel swirler plate for a fuel injector |
-
2005
- 2005-10-14 US US11/250,682 patent/US20070084119A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6143254A (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2000-11-07 | Erven; Roger Joyce | Emissions reduction system & method therefor |
US20010049906A1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel reforming apparatus |
US20030215374A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-20 | Wheeldon Ian R. | Compact methanol steam reformer with integrated hydrogen separation |
US20030233789A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-25 | Dauer Kenneth J. | Method and apparatus for fuel/air preparation in a fuel cell |
US20030234302A1 (en) * | 2002-06-24 | 2003-12-25 | Varble Daniel L. | Fuel swirler plate for a fuel injector |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012106048A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-08-09 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel |
US20130266903A1 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2013-10-10 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel |
US9371991B2 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2016-06-21 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel |
EP2671027A4 (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2017-12-13 | Precision Combustion, Inc. | Apparatus and method for vaporizing a liquid fuel |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DELPHI TECHNOLOGIES, INC., MICHIGAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:MAC BAIN, JOHN ALAN;SALEMI, MICHAEL R.;BENNETT, JONATHAN R.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:017112/0089;SIGNING DATES FROM 20051005 TO 20051014 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |