US2006366A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

July 2, 1935. w. w. PAGET 6 ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed July 18, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 24 7 14 25 35 Z5 zzz a Q 3 WATER i; v

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9 A imam-- July 2, 1935. w. w. PAGET ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Jfily 18, 1935 2. Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 2, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 2,006,366 ROTARY COMPRESSOR Win W. Paget, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Sullivan Machinery Corporation, a corporation of Massachusetts 23 Claims.

This invention relates to fluid compressors or pumps and more particularly to improvements in fluid compressors or pumps of the rotary type.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved fluid compressor or pump. Another object is to provide an improved fluid compressor or pump of the rotary type. A further object is to provide an improved construction of.rotary fluid compressor or pump characterized by a rotor having peripheral working chambers and a rotating liquid ring or annulus serving as pistons for the rotor working chambers. Still another object is to provide in a pump of the above character means whereby the rotating liquid ring or annulus also functions as a sealing medium for sealing the space between each side of the rotor and the adjacent sidewall of an idling casing during compression of the air in the working chambers, thereby to prevent leakage of air from the working chambers during compression and thereby enabling the rotor to be spaced from the casing, so that there is no metal-to-metal contact between the relatively rotating. parts. Yet another object is to provide in a pump of the above character an improved fluid inlet and discharge passage arrangement and improved liquid supply and discharge means. Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus of the hydraulically sealed type which is adaptable, by suitable rearrangement of parts, for use as a compressor or as a motor. Other objects and advantages of the invention will'be apparent from the following detail description the preferred embodiment thereof.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating such embodiment:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the improved fluid compressor or pugmunit, a portion being shown in section to i ustrate structural I tion showing details of the rotor and stator'frame construction,

In this illustrative embodiment of the invention, the improved fluid compressor or pump unit Application July 18, 1933, Serial No. 680,971

comprises a stationary base I having mounted thereon a prime mover 2 having its power shaft 3 connected by a flexible coupling 4 to the drive shaft 5 of the improved fluid compressor or pump which is generally designated 6. The base I has 5 an upstanding bracket 1 and a shoulder 8 to which the outer stationary casing 9 of the pump is secured. Thecasing 9 is generally cylindrical and is herein composed of two parts bolted together at [0 and having formed; therein a chamber ll. 10 The compressor drive shaft 5 is journaled in a bearing l2 suitably supported eccentrically within the pump casing 9 and has fixed thereto the central hub l3 of a rotor M. The rotor hub is journaled in a bearing I5 supported within a discharge stator frame I6 of generally cylindrical form. The discharge stator frame is secured, as by screws II, to the pump casing 9. The stator frame I6 is provided with an arcuate rim l8 and .is arranged in an annular chamber I 9 formed in the pump rotor I4, and the rim of the stator frame substantially fits, throughout its length,

the inner periphery of the rotor. Rotatably 1 mounted in the chamber II and surrounding the pump rotor is an idling casing 20 composed of two identical parts secured together by bolts 2| and each part having a hollow hub 22 journaled in a bearing 23 suitably supported within the side I walls of the pump casing 9 and arranged eccentrically to but parallel with the rotor axis. e The idling casing has a chamber 24 within which the rotor I4 is arranged. Secured by screws 25 to each side of the pump casing is an annular plate 26 having a series of annular flanges 21 fitting within annular grooves 28 in the side walls is provided with a similar series of flanges 29 fitting in similar grooves 30 formed in a plate 3| secured to the stator frame I6 similarly to provide a fluid tight seal to prevent leakage from the chamber II to the rotor bearing I 5.

.The shape of the rotor is that of a flattened cylinder with radial flanges 32, 32 projecting in g the planes of the two ends, and the annular space thus formed is divided intoa series of radially opening compartments or working chambers 33 by radial partition members 34. In the surface of the rotor which forms the inner side of this annular space is formed a series of ports 35, each in the form of a slot, there being provided one slot-like port for each of the pockets or working chambers formed in the annular space, by the 'vanes or blades, and these ports serve the dual function of inlet and discharge ports as will later be described. Fluid, herein air at atmospheric pressure, is supplied to the chamber II through an air cleaner 36 of a usualdesign, the fluid to- -be compressed flowing through the air cleaner and through a fluid inlet passage 31 to the pump casing chamber I I. The side walls of the idling casing 20 are perforated by series of fluid inlet ports 38 while the supporting web of the rotor I4 is provided with a similar series of fluid inlet ports 39 so that the fluid flows from the casing chamber I I through the ports 38 into the chamber 24 of the idling casing and thence through the ports 39 to a fluid chamber 40 formed in the stator frame I6. The stator frame I 6 is herein termed a discharge stator as it has formed therein the discharge passage means for the compressed fluid; and the stator frame has also formed therein passage means for supplying liquid to the rotor liquid seal as hereinafter described. The idling casing 20 contains a quantity of water or other suitable liquid which is preferably supplied continuously to the chamber 24 through a feed pipe 4| from any suitable source of supply, this feed pipe-being secured within the pump casing and having a downwardly directed arcuately bent portion 42 for directing the liquid in a downward direction within the chamber 24.

It will be understood at this point that any liquid introduced into the idling casing chamber 24 would, in the absence of rotative movement, find its level in a horizontal plane, which level is above the lower portions of the rotor. However, when the rotor is rapidly rotated, the liquid is formed into a rotating ring, and this drags the idler casing with it and finally brings the latter to such'a high speed, not quite equal to that of the rotor, that centrifugal force quite outweighs the force of gravity in its offset, and the liquid tends to become an annular body or mass with its level defined by an annular surface approximately coinciding with the axis of rotation of the idling casing 20. The rotor I4 is the positively driven member, and, as noted, the idling casing 20 becomes a driven member and rotates because of the friction exerted on its internal surface by the liquid, which in turn is being circulated by the rotor. Thus when starting the pump, the rotor I4 is started and the liquid gradually commences to flow in a circular path under the action of the rotor vanes or blades 34, and this is followed by the rotation of the idling casing 20 under the frictional resistance offered by its internal surface, until flnally the rotor, the mass of liquid, and the idling casing, are rotating at nearly the same speed and the liquid constitutes a fluid com pressing medium between the rotor and the idling casing.

Again referring to the specific pump structure, it will be noted that set in and secured to the rim of the stator frame I 6 as by bolts 43 and arranged inside the interior periphery of the rotor is an arcuate sealing strip 44 (see Fig. 4) and formed across'the webs or blades between the rotor pockets is a series of transverse grooves 45 which act as seals between the pockets 33. In the sides of the sealing strip 44 are series of inclined tapering grooves 49, whose outer sides are sealed by the outer radial portions of the stator walls. The discharge stator I6 is formed with a passage 41 which is connected by an arcuately bent pipe 48, arranged in the chamber 40 in the stator frame to communicate with a chamber. 49 formed in the stator frame and bounded at its outer side by, and substantially coextensive with, the arcuate sealing strip 44. Also formed in the stator frame I6, in advance of the passage 41, with reference to the order of pocket approach, is a discharge passage 50 for the compressed fluid, and this passage is connected to discharge through an arcuately bent pipe connected as later described through a communicating laterally bent discharge pipe portion 52. After the compressed fluid is discharged from the working chambers or pockets 33 of the rotor through thedischarge passage 50 the liquid, due to the sudden release of opposing pressure, tends to equalize its inner and outer levels, and thus some liquid moves in wardly toward the center of the idling casing and a certain amount of this liquid passes through the passage 41 and pipe 48 to the chamber 49. The liquid in the chamber 49 flows through the grooves 45 cut in the sides of the scaling strip and these grooves, due to the different coeflicient of discharge over the edges, discharge a series of ribbon-like'jets or streams of liquid along each side of the ports 35 in the rotor. The pressure of the fluid as it is compressed. tends to blow the ribbons of liquid off to each side of the sealing strip but new liquid ribbons (that is an additional quantity of liquid) are added before the last ribbons are forced clear, there thus being a continuous flow of liquid from the chamber 49 through the grooves 46 in the sealing strip thereby to form a continuous liquid seal at the sides of the grooves 45 to prevent leakage of fluid during compression. Liquid is also supplied to the transverse grooves 45 across the webs between the rotor pockets, and the liquid in these grooves acts as a seal between the pockets, these grooves being filled with liquid from the grooves 46 in the sealing strip.

Any liquid leaking from the idling casing chamber 24 to the pump casing chamber II is discharged from the bottom of the pump casing chamber through a water discharge port 55. Cooling water from any external source is fed thru the pipe 4I into the idling casing, a small portion normally passing out with the fluid discharge, and the remaining passing out through nozzles 56, 56, attached at diametrically opposite points in the peripheral walls of the idling casing, the discharge of these nozzles acting like a reaction turbine and aiding in maintaining rotation of the idler casing. To minimize passage of liquid from the chamber within the idling casing 20 through the ports 98 into the pump casing chamber II, there is provided a liquid retaining ring 51 secured to the side wall of the idling casing. Secured to the opposite side of the idling casing as by screws 58 is a ring 59 for deflecting any water flowing from the idling casing out through the passages 38 in the opposite side wall thereof into a space 60 formed in the pump casing. Secured-to the pump casing is a liquid retaining ring GI to retain the liquid in the recess 60. Any liquid in the groove 60 flows through a slot cut in a rib 62,-into a groove 63 and out through a drain hole 64 at the bottom of the groove 63. An annular plate 63a forms an inner wall for the groove 63 and provides an annular edge just to the outside of ring 59. These leakage preventing means and liquid drain means are provided for preventing the accumulation of 'a substantial quantity of liquid within the pump casing chamber H, which liquid tends to impede rotation of the idling casing.

As shown in Fig. 1, secured to one side of the pump casing is an aftercooler 65 and the compressed fluid flows from the discharge pipe 52 through a coiled cooling pipe 66 arranged within the casing of the aftercooler and from the cooler casing through a vertical air discharge pipe 61. The aftercooler casing is supplied with cooling water through a supply pipe 68. The cooling water flows from the aftercooler past a float valve 69 to a discharge pipe communicating with the water discharge pipe H with which the water discharge port 55 of the pump casing communicates.

With the relationship between the moving parts and the disposition of the annular liquid mass when the compressor is operating at its normal speed, clearly in mind, the compressors action will now be discussed with the aid of certain graphic representations in Fig. 3. In the. first place, it is seen that the axis of rotation of the.

rotor I4 is eccentric to the axis of the idling casing 20, as well as the annular surface or level of the liquid indicated by the letter A. It will be assumed that the rotor is turning in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrow in Fig.

3. It will next be noted that a portion of the periphery of the rotor/ including an arc somewhere around a quadrant, with the water level indicated, at all times falls inside this circle indicating the liquid surface A, whereas the re-.

maining arc of the rotor periphery extends more or less outside or below the liquid level. To the leftof line C the volume unoccupied with water decreases. while from line B on the volume unoccupied with water increases until the pockets are entirely free of water. Now the chamber 40 in the stator frame l6 forms a fluid space into which air at atmospheric pressure enters through the .top inlet passage 31, chamber II, the series of ports 33 formed in the sides of the idling casing and the po-rts 39 formed in the web of the rotor. Hence the air begins to enter the pockets 33 through the passages 35 at the locus of the radial line B in Fig. 3 and none is forced out or compressed until the radial line C is reached; the space between the lines 13 and C forming the intake cycle of the rotor, though it will be noted that no volume change occurs from a 6 oclock position to line C. Now tracing the progress of one of these pockets filled with atmospheric air, it will be noted that as it travels clockwise upwardly beyond point C, its outer opening is closed by the liquid level A, but the air therein undergoes no compression until the trailing vane 34 of theparticular pocket being considered, has passed the lower end of the sealing strip 44. At this point the volume of air trapped in the pocket begins to be subjected to pressure of the'liquid, which tends to maintain its annular level and therefore to press into the pocket, and thereby to act as a piston as the outer bounding walls of the pocket extend to a greater and greater depth below the liquid surface in the rotor's path of travel eccentric to the liquid ring. This compression increases as the pockets travel around until the leading edge of their ports 35 reach the left hand edge of port 50, which takes place at line D. As the passages 35 in the pocket pass over the discharge passage 50 the air is discharged therethrough from the pockets, the discharge taking place between the radial line D and the radial line E. After a pocket passes the line E and as it approaches the intake line Be. certain quantity of liquid is discharged from the annular liquid mass through the feed passage 41 for the liquid sealing strip 44. This series of steps is performed by each pocket once during each revolution and since there are a considerable number of pockets and the rotor is revolving on its axis at a high rate of speed, it follows that although the volume of air compressed in each pocket is relatively small, the aggregate is quite large. The normal surface of the annular rotating mass of liquid, as it would be if unaffected by the submergence of rotor parts therein, is indicated at A. Submergence of the flanges and partitions would create a level at A2, and, actually, the liquid surface, due to the displacement of the flanges and partitions of the rotor, plus the face dis placement, is as indicated in dotted lines at Al in Fig. 3, in the space'between the walls of the rotor and the idler casing.

It should be noted that no forces are brought to bear to change the velocity of the liquid. The kinetic energy of the liquid plays no part in the compression or fluid, the pressure being due solely to the centrifugal force of the annular liquid mass.

As a result of this invention, it will be noted that an improved compressor or pump of the rotary type is provided wherein an armular mass of liquid serves as pistons operating in the working chambers of a rotor for effecting air compression, the liquid also functioning as a sealing medium for preventing leakage between the rotating and stationary parts. It will further be noted that an improved compressor or pump of the rotary type is provided having a novel arrangement of parts and an improved inletand discharge means for the fluid and an improved passage arrangement for the liquid inlet and discharge means. These and other uses and advantages of the improved pump will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art. 1

In conclusion, it is desired to call attention to the fact that in the pockets in which compression is taking place the opposite radial walls of the partitions have unequal surfaces exposed to the air under compression. They therefore produce, in the aggregate, a, cumulative effect more or less approximating that of the entire area of one partition subjected to the mean pressure in the pockets. This fact could be availed of to provide a motor, which once brought to speed, and with an annular liquid ring-formed, could be used to provide power, if air were supplied, as through the discharge port, and if the sealing water feed port and sealing strip were properly revised.

While there is in this application specifically described one form which this invention may assume in practice, itv will be understood that this form of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing a predetermined quantity of liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing and comprising a series of radially extending circumferentially disposed fiuid receiving pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impart rotative movement to said idling casing through the medium of said liquid and said liquid tending to assume an annular mass under, the action of centrifugal force with its surface relatively concentric with respect to the idling casing and eccentric with respect to the periphery of the rotor, means whereby fluid may be admitted to said rotor pockets at atmospheric pressure, and means for trapping fluid in said pockets as the latter are advanced below the surface of the liquid including a stator frame arranged within the rotor and having discharge passage means for receiving the compressed fluid from said pockets and having liquid sealing passages and supply means for the sealing liquid therefor.

2. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its central axis, a driven rotor mounted in said idling casing to rotate about an axis offset from the axis thereof and comprising a series of radially extending circumferentially disposed fluid receiving pockets, a mass of liquid in said idling casing adapted to rotate with said idling casing and to assume a uniform depth radially of the casing under the action of centrifugal force with its surface eccentric with respect to the periphery of the rotor whereby said rotor pockets are progressively filled by said liquid as said rotor rotates, ports communicating with said pockets for discharging the compressed fluid, and a stator frame arranged within said rotor and having discharge passage means for receiving the air discharged from said ports and having lateral liquid sealing means for the latter.

3. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a

driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a predetermined quantity of liquid within said idling casing, said idling casing, liquid'and rotor beng adapted to rotate simultaneously whereby the liquid under centrifugal force becomes an annular mass with its surface substantially concentric with said idling casing, said rotor having a plurality of radially opening pockets about its periphery, means for admitting fluid to the pockets from within the space surrounded by the liquid within the idling casing, means for trapping the fluid within the pockets whereby the same is compressed as the pockets progressively dip into the liquid, and means for automatically releasing the compressed fluid from the bottom of the pockets when the stage of maximum compression is reached including a stator frame arranged within the rotor and having fluid discharge means for receiving the fluid released from said pockets and liquid receiving means beyond said fluid discharge means and communicating liquid sealing means arranged in advance of said fluid discharge means.

4. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis off-set from the axis thereof, a quantity of liquid within said idling casing and maintained in motion with said idling casing by a force created by the impeller action of said rotor whereby the liquid assumes the form of an annular mass having its surface concentric with the idling casing, said rotor having a plurality of radially opening pockets about its periphery adapted to travel in an eccentric path relative to the annular surface of the liquid whereby fluid entrapped within said pockets as the latter are carried below the surface of the liquid is compressed, and valveless means for trapping the fluid in the pockets and for discharging the same when compressed including a stator frame arranged within the rotor and having a single discharge passage therein adjacent the point of maximum submersion for receiving the fluid from said pockets, said pockets having ports adapted to be occluded by said stator frame and to communicate with said discharge passage and said stator frame having an angular extent equal only to approximately one-half the rotor circumference.

5. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a predetermined quantity of liquid within said idling casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor being adapted to rotate in the same direction and simultaneously whereby said liquid under centrifugal force tends to become an annular mass with its surface eccentric to the periphery of the driving rotor, said rotor comprising a plurality of radially opening circumferentially disposed fluid pockets surrounding a central chamber and connected with the latter by a plurality of ports, means for admitting fluid at atmospheric pressure to said central chamber for flow therefrom through said ports into said pockets, and a frame disposed within said rotor and having provision for receiving fluid discharged from said pockets through said ports after compression and for sealing said ports laterally with liquid during compression.

6. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a predetermined quantity of liquid Within said idling casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor beng adapted to rotate in the same direc- *tion and simultaneously whereby said liquid under centrifugal force tends to become an annular mass with its surface eccentric to the periphery of the driving rotor, saidv rotor comprising a p1u. rality of radially opening circumferentially disposed fluid pockets surrounding a central chamher and connected with the latter by a plurality of ports, means for admitting fluid at atmospheric pressure to said central chamber for flow therefrom through said ports into said pockets, a frame disposed within said rotor and having provision for receiving fluid discharged from said pockets through said ports after compression, and liquid from said pockets thereafter, means for using such liquid to seal said ports during compression, and means for continuously effecting a controlled change of liquid within said idling casing.

7. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a quantity of liquid in said casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor being adapted to rotate in the same direction and with approximately like peripheral speeds whereby said liquid under centrifugal force becomes a,-rotating mass having a relatively annular free surface eccentric to the surface of the driven rotor," said rotor comprising a plurality of radially opening fluid pockets surrounding a central chamber separated therefrom by an annular wall, a stator frame arranged within said chamber, said stator having a fluid receiving chamber and discharge passage means, and ports in said annular wall connecting said fluid receiving chamber with each of said pockets and for connecting said pockets with said fluid discharge means, said annular wall and stator frame affording provision for liquid-sealing each of said ports on all sides. i

8. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idlin casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a quantity of liquid in said casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor being adapted to rotate in the same direction and with approximately like peripheral speeds whereby said liquid under centrifugal force becomes a rotating mass having a relatively amiular free surface eccentric to the surface of the driven rotor, said rotor comprising a plurality .of radially opening fluid pockets surrounding a central chamber separated therefrom by an annular wall, a stator frame arranged within said chamber, said stator having a fluid receiving chamber and discharge passage means, ports in said annular wall connecting said fluid receiving chamber with each of said pockets and for connecting said pockets with said fluid discharge means, means for effecting a liquid seal between each of said ports, and means for continuously effecting a controlled change of the liquid within said idling casing including liquid supply means and means for automatically dischargin liquid from said idling casing. P

9. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for free axial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal force and acting on rotation thereof to assume a surface approximating concentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of said idling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery, and a central chamber communicating with said pockets through openings, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depth below the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tends to displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged within said rotor and having means for occluding said openings and providing lateral liquid seals at opposite sides thereof thereby to effect compression of the fluid within said pockets and having discharge passage means for receiving the fluid from said pockets after compression thereof.

10. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for free axial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal force and acting on rotation thereof to assume a surface approximating concentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of said idling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery, a central chamber communicatin with said pockets through openings, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depth below the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tends to displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged within said rotor and having means for occluding said openings and liquid sealing means thereby to eifect compression of the fluid within said pockets and having discharge passage means for receiving the fluid from said pockets after compression thereof, and means for .further having liquid supply means for conducting fluid to said liquid-sealing means.

11. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for free axial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal force and acting on rotation thereof to assume a'surface approximating concentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of said idling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its-periphery, a central chamber communicating with said pockets through openings. each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depth below the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tends to displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged within the rotor and having a portion coaxial with said rotor and having means for occluding said openings thereby to effect compression of the fluid within said pockets and having discharge passage means for receiving the fluid from said pockets after compression thereof, means for conducting the compressed fluid from said stator frame discharge means, and means for continuously effecting a controlled'change of liquid within said idling casing including a discharge and a supply substantially relatively nearer the rotor axis than the discharge.

12. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for free axial rotation and hav-- ing an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal force and acting on rotation of said casing to assume a surface substantially concentric with said idling casing, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentricto the axis thereof, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery, and a central chamber communicating with said pockets through ports, said rotor further having fluid inlet means communicable with the air inlet opening in the idling casing, a stator frame mounted within the central chamher and having fluid discharge means curving in relatively the same direction as the path of the pockets and also having rotor port sealing means, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depth below the surface and simultaneously moving through an arc during which the rotor ports are closed by the. stator whereby the fluid within each pocket is compressed, said ports when said rotor attains a predetermined position discharging the compressed fluid to said stator frame discharge means.

13. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for free rotationon its axis and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal force and acting on rotation of said casing, to assume a surface substantially concentric with said idling casing, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis thereof, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery, a central chamber communicating with said pockets through ports, said rotor further having fluid inlet means communicable with stator frame mounted within the central chamber and having fluid discharge means and rotor port sealing means, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface to a substantially submerged position and simultaneously moving through an arc during which the rotor ports are closed by the stator whereby the fluid within each pocket is compressed, said ports when said rotor attains a predetermined position discharging the compressed fluid to said stator frame discharge means, and means for continuously effecting a controlled change of the liquid within said idling casing including liquid supply means and means for automatically discharging excess liquid from said idling casing peripherally.

14. In a. rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing liquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality of radially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets being eccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and being adapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluid entrapped therein, and valveless means for supplying fluid at atmospheric pressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation with said liquid, said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging the compressed fluid from said pockets at the stage of maximum compression, said valveless means including a stator frame having a portion coaxial with and arranged within the rotor and having fluid discharge means making an acute angle with a tangent at its locus for receiving the compressed fluid discharged from said pockets, said rotor moving wholly out of contact with said stator frame throughout its fluid induc tion range of movement.

15. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing liquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality of radially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets being eccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and being adapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluid entrapped therein, valveless means for supplying fluid at atmospheric pressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation with said liquid, said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging the compressed fluid from said pockets, at the stage of maximum compression, said valveless means including a stator frame having a portion arranged coaxially with and within the rotor and having fluid discharge means for receiving the compressed fluid discharged from said pockets, .and a liquid seal between said rotor and said stator frame for preventing leakage of fluid from said pockets during compression.

16. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing liquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality of radially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets being eccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and being adapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluid entrapped therein, valveless means forsupplying fluid at atmospheric pressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation with said liquid, said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging the compressed fluid from said pockets at the stage of maximum compression, said valveless means including a stator frame arranged centrally within the rotor and having fluid discharge means for receiving the compressed fluid discharged from said pockets, a liquid seal between said rotor and the air inlet opening in the idling casing, a

said stator frame for preventing leakage of air from said pockets during compression, and means for supplying liquid to said liquid seal from the rotating annular liquid mass within said idling casing.

17. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing a liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing and having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposed fluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impart rotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casing and submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, said pockets having ports through their inner ends and said rotor having a chamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a stator frame within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports during compression of the fluid, and means for providing a liquid seal between said stator frame and rotor including laterally spaced series of nozzles on said stator frame between which said ports are moved, and means for supplying fluid to said nozzles.

18. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing a liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing and having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposed fluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impart rotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casing and submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, said pockets having ports through their'inner ends and said rotor having a chamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a stator frame within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports during compression of the fluid and having a discharge passage therein, and means for providing a liquid seal between said stator frame and rotor including laterally spaced series of nozzles on said stator frame between which said ports are moved, and means for supplying fluid to said nozzles including a fluid supply passage having, a portion opening through the Wall of said stator beyond the point of discharge of the compressed fluid.

19. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing a liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing and having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposed fluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impart rotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casing and submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, said pockets having ports through their inner ends and said rotors having a chamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a stator frame within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports during compression of the fluid and having a discharge passage therein, and means for providing a liquid seal between said stator frame and rotor including laterally spaced series of nozzles on said stator frame between which said ports are moved, and means for supplying fluid to said nozzles including a fluid supply passage having a portion opening through the wall of said stator beyond the point of discharge of the compressed fluid, said rotor having in the inner wall thereof between said and compressing pockets, means cooperating with said pockets for effecting a controlled admission of air thereto at atmospheric pressure and discharge therefrom under compression,

means for supplying liquid to said idling casing,

casing mounted for free rotation on its axis, and I idling casing, a stator frame mounted within the central chamber and having fluid discharge means and rotor port sealing means, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above the surface to' a substantially submerged position and simultane-' ously moving through an arc during which therotorparts are closed by the stator whereby the fluid within each. pocket is compressed, said ports when said rotor attains a predetermined position discharging the compressed fluid to said stator frame discharge means, and means for continuously effecting a controlled change of the liquid within said idling casing including liquid supply means and means for automatically discharging excess liquid from said idling casing both peripherally and, at points spaced between its periphery and center, in a direction longitudinally of its axis;

22. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing and comprising circumferential fluid receiving and compressing pockets, .means cooperating with said pockets for effecting a controlled admission of air thereto at atmospheric pressure and discharge therefrom under compression, means for supplying liquid to said idling casing,

and means for discharging said liquid in a direction substantially tangentially with respect to the periphery of the idling casing and in a direction opposite to that of the rotation of said casing.

23. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotate freely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casing wtih its axis ofiFset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a predetermined quantity of liquid within said idling casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor arranged to rotate simultaneously, whereby the liquid under centrifugal force becomes an annular mass with its surface substantially concentric with the idling casing, said rotor having a plurality of radially opening pockets about its periphery, means for admit-- ting fluid to the pockets from within the space surrounded by the liquid within the idling casing, means for trapping the .fluid within the pockets during compression and for releasing the fluid when said pockets containing it are at WIN w. PAGE'I'.

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