US20060220321A1 - Brush Seals - Google Patents
Brush Seals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060220321A1 US20060220321A1 US11/395,625 US39562506A US2006220321A1 US 20060220321 A1 US20060220321 A1 US 20060220321A1 US 39562506 A US39562506 A US 39562506A US 2006220321 A1 US2006220321 A1 US 2006220321A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- front plate
- bristle pack
- formation
- free end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
- F16J15/3288—Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/55—Seals
- F05D2240/56—Brush seals
Definitions
- This invention relates to brush seals and in particular, but not exclusively, to the type of brush seal which is mounted between a static and a rotary member.
- a brush seal including a bristle pack mounted in a holder and having a free end for sealing with a member, a front plate for lying on a high pressure side of the seal and extending part of the way along the length of the bristle pack to a free end and being spaced from the bristle pack characterised in that the front plate is formed for or carries a formation for reducing the influence of swirling fluid on the high pressure side of the bristle pack.
- the free end of the front plate maybe thinned, chamfered or otherwise cut away on the side facing the bristle pack.
- the front plate may be perforated, which will significantly increase the surface area engaged by the swirling gas, removing energy and hence reducing the velocity of the swirling fluid.
- front plate which serve to increase its surface area and hence reduce the effect of swirling fluid.
- formations may be mounted on or be integral with the front plate.
- the front plate may be longer than the rear plate and can depend/extend lower than the rear plate.
- the formation may be in the form of a further front plate and define with the existing front plate an intermediate chamber, which may have a depth of between a quarter and three quarters of the length of the bristle pack.
- the formations may have a plurality of vanes disposed to inhibit flow generally at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the bristle pack. Further the formations may include one or more honeycomb portions and in any of these cases the formation may be shaped and/or configured to increase the surface area of the front plate by at least 50%. In another approach the formation may be a perforated plate mounted on the front plate.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view through a brush seal mounted on a stator and sealing between the stator and a rotor;
- FIGS. 2 to 19 are corresponding views of other brush seal constructions with front partial views being shown at (b) in FIGS. 3, 6 to 11 , 16 and 19 .
- a brush seal generally indicated at 10 includes a bristle pack 11 mounted in a holder 12 and having front and rear plates 13 and 14 which are integral or attached to the holder 12 .
- the seal 10 is mounted on a stator 15 and the bristle pack 11 seals with a rotor 16 .
- the construction of the brush seal 10 are essentially conventional except for the fact that the free end 17 of the front plate 13 is chamfered at its rear face. As has been explained already, this enables the front plate 13 to be positioned closed to the bristle pack 11 , because the space created by the chamfer 18 allows sufficient room for deflection of the bristles 11 and the narrow face 19 of the free end 17 creates only a small frictional engagement area in the event that the rotor 16 and front plate 13 touch. Accordingly the gap between the narrow face 19 and the rotor 16 can be minimised.
- FIGS. 2 to 18 various structures are shown all of which are designed, in particular, to increase the surface area of the seal which is engaged by the swirling fluid, in use. This increases the frictional engagement between the gas and the seal, removing energy from the gas and reducing the velocity of the swirling fluid.
- FIG. 2 formation in the form of an additional front plate 20 is provided. It will be noted that the chamber 21 between the plates 20 and 13 is of significant depth and again this will help to create drag which reduces the swirling of the gas.
- the formation takes the form of a series of chambers 22 spaced circumferentially around the seal 10 and separated by walls or vanes 23 , which further inhibit circumferential motion of gas in the vicinity of the seal.
- honeycomb portions 24 , 25 respectively, are mounted on the front plate in respective orientations.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 are variations on the chamber/vane theme whereas FIGS. 9 and 10 are variants on FIG. 2 but with openings in the front wall 20 .
- FIG. 11 is another variant on FIG. 2 , but this time the front wall 24 is perforated.
- the front plate is longer than the rear plate and depends/extends lower than the rear plate. It will be appreciated that the principle of having one of the front/rear plates longer than the other (in particular the front plate being longer) could be applied to other embodiments described herein, e.g. the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 12 corresponds to FIG. 2 but here the front wall 24 is formed as a separate element and mounted thereon and FIGS. 13 to 18 also show variants of earlier Figures where the formation is mounted onto the seal 10 rather than being an integral part of it.
- FIG. 19 shows the front plate 13 being perforated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A brush seal including a bristle pack mounted in a holder, and having a free end for sealing with a member, a front plate for lying on a high pressure side of the seal and extending part way along the length of the bristle pack to a free end being spaced from the bristle pack characterised in that the front plate is formed for or carries a formation for reducing the influence of swirling fluid on the high pressure side on the bristle pack.
Description
- The present application claims priority from US provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/667,475 filed on Apr. 1st, 2005.
- This invention relates to brush seals and in particular, but not exclusively, to the type of brush seal which is mounted between a static and a rotary member.
- In the brush seal, for example as are used in gas turbines between the stator and the rotor, it is known that swirling fluid arrives at the brush seal on the high pressure side and this will tend to cause the bristles to be deflected in a generally axial direction at the free ends causing the bristles to bend upwardly away from the rotor. The effect is believed to be dependent on the velocity of the swirling fluid.
- As an initial approach to reducing this problem for some time, people have positioned a front plate onto the brush seal assembly, which can have the effect of reducing bristle deflection, but it is only successful to a limited extent, because on current designs there has to be a fairly significant gap between the free end of the front plate and, say, the rotor shaft.
- According to the present invention there is provided a brush seal including a bristle pack mounted in a holder and having a free end for sealing with a member, a front plate for lying on a high pressure side of the seal and extending part of the way along the length of the bristle pack to a free end and being spaced from the bristle pack characterised in that the front plate is formed for or carries a formation for reducing the influence of swirling fluid on the high pressure side of the bristle pack.
- In the first case the free end of the front plate maybe thinned, chamfered or otherwise cut away on the side facing the bristle pack. This has proved to have a number of advantages. Firstly the surface area which is engaged between the rotor and the free end, if the two come into contact, is significantly reduced and therefore frictional heat generation is significantly reduced. This means that occasional engagements between the front plate and the rotor are more acceptable and so the design gap between the free end and the rotor can be reduced. Further, because the plate is partly cut away, it can more readily accommodate bristle deflection, which mainly takes place adjacent the free end of the bristle pack and accordingly the front plate as a whole can be placed nearer the bristle pack, which in turn reduces the detrimental effects of swirling fluids. Another advantage is that with this construction if there is rubbing engagement then any burr, is not likely to hook and retain the bristle pack in the deflected state. In an alternative construction the front plate may be perforated, which will significantly increase the surface area engaged by the swirling gas, removing energy and hence reducing the velocity of the swirling fluid.
- Indeed the Applicants have realised that a whole range of formations can be added onto the front plate which serve to increase its surface area and hence reduce the effect of swirling fluid. These formations may be mounted on or be integral with the front plate. The front plate may be longer than the rear plate and can depend/extend lower than the rear plate.
- For example the formation may be in the form of a further front plate and define with the existing front plate an intermediate chamber, which may have a depth of between a quarter and three quarters of the length of the bristle pack.
- Additionally or alternatively the formations may have a plurality of vanes disposed to inhibit flow generally at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the bristle pack. Further the formations may include one or more honeycomb portions and in any of these cases the formation may be shaped and/or configured to increase the surface area of the front plate by at least 50%. In another approach the formation may be a perforated plate mounted on the front plate.
- Although the invention has been defined above it is to be understood it includes any inventive combination of the features set out above or in the following description.
- The invention may be performed in various ways and specific embodiments will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a sectional view through a brush seal mounted on a stator and sealing between the stator and a rotor; and - FIGS. 2 to 19 are corresponding views of other brush seal constructions with front partial views being shown at (b) in
FIGS. 3, 6 to 11, 16 and 19. - In
FIG. 1 a brush seal, generally indicated at 10 includes abristle pack 11 mounted in aholder 12 and having front andrear plates holder 12. Theseal 10 is mounted on astator 15 and thebristle pack 11 seals with arotor 16. - The construction of the
brush seal 10, and its operation, are essentially conventional except for the fact that thefree end 17 of thefront plate 13 is chamfered at its rear face. As has been explained already, this enables thefront plate 13 to be positioned closed to thebristle pack 11, because the space created by thechamfer 18 allows sufficient room for deflection of thebristles 11 and thenarrow face 19 of thefree end 17 creates only a small frictional engagement area in the event that therotor 16 andfront plate 13 touch. Accordingly the gap between thenarrow face 19 and therotor 16 can be minimised. - In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 18, various structures are shown all of which are designed, in particular, to increase the surface area of the seal which is engaged by the swirling fluid, in use. This increases the frictional engagement between the gas and the seal, removing energy from the gas and reducing the velocity of the swirling fluid.
- Thus in
FIG. 2 formation in the form of an additionalfront plate 20 is provided. It will be noted that thechamber 21 between theplates - In
FIG. 3 the formation takes the form of a series ofchambers 22 spaced circumferentially around theseal 10 and separated by walls orvanes 23, which further inhibit circumferential motion of gas in the vicinity of the seal. - In
FIGS. 4 and 5 honeycomb portions - FIGS. 6 to 8 are variations on the chamber/vane theme whereas
FIGS. 9 and 10 are variants onFIG. 2 but with openings in thefront wall 20.FIG. 11 is another variant onFIG. 2 , but this time thefront wall 24 is perforated. In the embodiment ofFIG. 11 , the front plate is longer than the rear plate and depends/extends lower than the rear plate. It will be appreciated that the principle of having one of the front/rear plates longer than the other (in particular the front plate being longer) could be applied to other embodiments described herein, e.g. the embodiment ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 12 corresponds toFIG. 2 but here thefront wall 24 is formed as a separate element and mounted thereon and FIGS. 13 to 18 also show variants of earlier Figures where the formation is mounted onto theseal 10 rather than being an integral part of it. -
FIG. 19 shows thefront plate 13 being perforated.
Claims (11)
1. A brush seal including a bristle pack mounted in a holder, and having a free end for sealing with a member, a front plate for lying on a high pressure side of the seal and extending part way along the length of the bristle pack to a free end being spaced from the bristle pack characterised in that the front plate is formed for or carries a formation for reducing the influence of swirling fluid on the high pressure side on the bristle pack.
2. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the free end of the front plate is thinned, chamfered or cut away on the side facing the bristle pack.
3. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the front plate is perforated.
4. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the formation is mounted on or is integral with the front plate.
5. A seal as claimed in claim 4 wherein the formation is in the form of a further front plate and defines with the existing front plate an intermediate chamber.
6. A seal as claimed in claim 5 wherein the intermediate chamber has a depth of between a quarter and three quarters of the length of the bristle pack.
7. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the formation has a plurality of vanes deposed to inhibit flow generally at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the bristle pack.
8. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the formation includes one or more honeycomb portions.
9. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the formation is shaped and/or configures to increase the surface area of the front plate by at least 50%.
10. A seal as claimed in claim 1 wherein the formation is a perforated plate.
11. A seal as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the front plate is longer than a rear plate of the seal.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/395,625 US20060220321A1 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-03-31 | Brush Seals |
US12/558,068 US8118310B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2009-09-11 | Brush seals |
US13/358,568 US8840113B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2012-01-26 | Brush seals |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US66747505P | 2005-04-01 | 2005-04-01 | |
US11/395,625 US20060220321A1 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-03-31 | Brush Seals |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/558,068 Division US8118310B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2009-09-11 | Brush seals |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060220321A1 true US20060220321A1 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
Family
ID=36589295
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/395,625 Abandoned US20060220321A1 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-03-31 | Brush Seals |
US12/558,068 Active US8118310B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2009-09-11 | Brush seals |
US13/358,568 Active US8840113B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2012-01-26 | Brush seals |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/558,068 Active US8118310B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2009-09-11 | Brush seals |
US13/358,568 Active US8840113B2 (en) | 2005-04-01 | 2012-01-26 | Brush seals |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20060220321A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1707856A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2249066A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing apparatus and method for steam turbines |
US20140175754A1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-06-26 | Akihiro Nakaniwa | Seal device |
CN110067602A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 东南大学 | Double three chamber brush seal structures of front apron |
CN112761735A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 大连海事大学 | Brush seal structure of taking guide plate of high stability |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8505923B2 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2013-08-13 | Sealeze, A Unit of Jason, Inc. | Brush seal with stress and deflection accommodating membrane |
US8490981B2 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2013-07-23 | General Electric Company | Brush seal |
CN103883363B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏透平密封高科技股份有限公司 | A kind of contactless brush seal and preparation method thereof |
DE102014213044B3 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2015-08-13 | MTU Aero Engines AG | brush seal |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4202554A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1980-05-13 | Rolls-Royce Limited | Brush seals |
US5318309A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-06-07 | General Electric Company | Brush seal |
US5568931A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1996-10-29 | General Electric Company | Brush seal |
US5688105A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-11-18 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | Brush seal for turbo-engines |
US5884918A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-03-23 | Eg&G Sealol, Inc. | Brush seal with a flexible front plate |
US5997004A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-12-07 | Flowserve Management Company | Hybrid floating brush seal |
US6077038A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 2000-06-20 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | Brush seal for turbo engines |
US6105966A (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-08-22 | General Electric Company | Brush seal segment |
US6116608A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-09-12 | General Electric Co. | Apparatus for guiding solid particles through a brush seal in a turbine |
US20020105146A1 (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Shaft seal and gas turbine |
US20020130470A1 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-09-19 | Machida Shin-Ichi | Sealing structure of a ball bearing |
US6547522B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-04-15 | General Electric Company | Spring-backed abradable seal for turbomachinery |
US6779799B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-08-24 | General Electric Company | Sealing apparatus for electrical generator ventilation system |
US20050098958A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | The Boeing Company | Gas-buffered seal assembly and method therefor |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8907695D0 (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1989-05-17 | Cross Mfg Co | Seals |
GB9317083D0 (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1993-09-29 | Rolls Royce Plc | A brush seal |
US6808179B1 (en) * | 1998-07-31 | 2004-10-26 | Concepts Eti, Inc. | Turbomachinery seal |
US6293554B1 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2001-09-25 | General Electric Company | Brush seal segment having bristle damping |
US6302646B1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-10-16 | General Electric Company | Rotary machine containing a brush seal |
US6390476B1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-05-21 | General Electric Company | Heat-resistant magnetic silicone rubber brush seals in turbomachinery and methods of application |
DE10248554A1 (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-06-24 | Alstom Technology Ltd | sealing device |
-
2006
- 2006-03-16 EP EP06251419A patent/EP1707856A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-31 US US11/395,625 patent/US20060220321A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-09-11 US US12/558,068 patent/US8118310B2/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-01-26 US US13/358,568 patent/US8840113B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4202554A (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1980-05-13 | Rolls-Royce Limited | Brush seals |
US5318309A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-06-07 | General Electric Company | Brush seal |
US5568931A (en) * | 1992-08-20 | 1996-10-29 | General Electric Company | Brush seal |
US6077038A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 2000-06-20 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | Brush seal for turbo engines |
US5688105A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-11-18 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | Brush seal for turbo-engines |
US5884918A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-03-23 | Eg&G Sealol, Inc. | Brush seal with a flexible front plate |
US5997004A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-12-07 | Flowserve Management Company | Hybrid floating brush seal |
US6105966A (en) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-08-22 | General Electric Company | Brush seal segment |
US6116608A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-09-12 | General Electric Co. | Apparatus for guiding solid particles through a brush seal in a turbine |
US20020105146A1 (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-08-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Shaft seal and gas turbine |
US20020130470A1 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2002-09-19 | Machida Shin-Ichi | Sealing structure of a ball bearing |
US6547522B2 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2003-04-15 | General Electric Company | Spring-backed abradable seal for turbomachinery |
US6779799B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-08-24 | General Electric Company | Sealing apparatus for electrical generator ventilation system |
US20050098958A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-12 | The Boeing Company | Gas-buffered seal assembly and method therefor |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2249066A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing apparatus and method for steam turbines |
WO2010127944A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing apparatus and method for steam turbines |
CN102414490A (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2012-04-11 | 西门子公司 | Sealing apparatus and method for steam turbines |
US20140175754A1 (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-06-26 | Akihiro Nakaniwa | Seal device |
CN110067602A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 东南大学 | Double three chamber brush seal structures of front apron |
CN112761735A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 大连海事大学 | Brush seal structure of taking guide plate of high stability |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8118310B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 |
EP1707856A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 |
US8840113B2 (en) | 2014-09-23 |
US20100001473A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
US20120126483A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
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Legal Events
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CROSS MANUFACTURING COMPANY (1938) LIMITED, UNITED Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CRUDGINGTON, PETER FRANCIS;BOWSHER, AARON;REEL/FRAME:017860/0183;SIGNING DATES FROM 20060320 TO 20060324 |
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STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION |