US20060102730A1 - Sample-holder for measuring draft and moisture in porous objects - Google Patents
Sample-holder for measuring draft and moisture in porous objects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20060102730A1 US20060102730A1 US10/539,597 US53959705A US2006102730A1 US 20060102730 A1 US20060102730 A1 US 20060102730A1 US 53959705 A US53959705 A US 53959705A US 2006102730 A1 US2006102730 A1 US 2006102730A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- sample
- holder
- cigarette
- draw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
- G01N22/04—Investigating moisture content
Definitions
- the present invention pertains to a sample-holder able in particular to conduct measurement of the draw and humidity of porous objects such as cigarettes or similar.
- Its subject is more particularly, but not exclusively, a sample-holder of said above type able to be integrated into a module for measuring the characteristics of cigarette batches, and designed so that it is able to carry out a sequence of measurements of weight, draw, filter ventilation, paper ventilation and compactness.
- draw measurement causes a modification in tobacco humidity on account of the aspiration of an air stream through the cigarette. Consequently, the humidity of the tobacco sample in the weight measurement module and the humidity of the tobacco of this same sample in the compactness measurement module are different. If a single humidity module is used, only one of the two humidity values can be measured (before or after draw) since this characteristic is modified during measurement of draw. This therefore leads to errors.
- the purpose of the invention is more particularly to overcome these drawbacks.
- the device of the invention may comprise a tubular body comprising:
- the distance between the iris diaphragm and the lower end of the sphincter being slightly shorter than the length of a cigarette.
- said above body may comprise a second sphincter with which to encapsulate the filter opposite the first sphincter with respect to a filter ventilation zone so as to channel the flow of filter ventilation for its measurement.
- the sample holder alone can carry out a sequence successively comprising measurements of:
- the single FIGURE is an axial section of a sample-holder according to the invention.
- the sample-holder 1 is intended to perform measurements on batches of cigarettes of which one cigarette, positioned on the sample holder, conventionally comprises a tobacco rod 2 contained in a cigarette paper wrapping 3 extended at one end by a ventilated filter 4 comprising, in its central part, an annular zone with ventilation holes 5 .
- This sample-holder 1 comprises a cylindrical structure made of three tubular parts 6 , 7 , 8 joined to each other with gas-tight assembly, namely:
- the cigarette is inserted into the sample-holder 1 .
- the cigarette centred by the hopper 14 enters the passage delimited in particular by the cylindrical portion 18 , the cylindrical tube 25 and the two sphincters 28 , 31 which, with iris diaphragm 19 , are then in a retracted state caused by aspiration.
- Telescopic abutment means then enable the cigarette to be held in the sample-holder 2 , a position in which the lower end of the filter 4 is substantially located at the lower end of the sphincter 31 , while the upper end of the tobacco rod 2 is located slightly above the iris diaphragm 19 .
- Sphincters 28 , 31 and iris diaphragm 19 are then placed under atmospheric pressure and change to the deployed state so that:
- the sample-holder 1 is then ready to perform its sequence of measurements, namely:
- this microprocessor also controls:
- One important advantage of this solution is that, with the integration of the humidity measuring cavity within the draw module, it is possible to measure humidity before draw, to correct weight, and after draw to correct compactness using a single humidity sensor.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a sample-holder (1) for measuring parameters of porous objects, comprising a draft cell including a microwave frequency (C), through which the object passes so as to be able to measure moisture content before and/or after measuring draft.
Description
- The present invention pertains to a sample-holder able in particular to conduct measurement of the draw and humidity of porous objects such as cigarettes or similar.
- Its subject is more particularly, but not exclusively, a sample-holder of said above type able to be integrated into a module for measuring the characteristics of cigarette batches, and designed so that it is able to carry out a sequence of measurements of weight, draw, filter ventilation, paper ventilation and compactness.
- In said sequence the weight is generally measured firstly, while compactness is measured lastly, this measurement evidently being destructive.
- Also, it is known that it is desirable, even essential, to determine a parameter relating to the humidity of the tobacco contained in the samples:
-
- This a data item of interest to cigarette manufacturers wishing to know the humidity content of cigarettes on leaving the production line.
- The weight and compactness of the cigarettes which are dependent upon humidity and must be expressed with respect to a reference humidity.
- It arises that the devices used for measuring humidity used up until now consist of independent modules which are inserted between two other modules of the production station.
- However, it is ascertained that draw measurement (intermediate) causes a modification in tobacco humidity on account of the aspiration of an air stream through the cigarette. Consequently, the humidity of the tobacco sample in the weight measurement module and the humidity of the tobacco of this same sample in the compactness measurement module are different. If a single humidity module is used, only one of the two humidity values can be measured (before or after draw) since this characteristic is modified during measurement of draw. This therefore leads to errors.
- To be able to avoid such errors, it is necessary to conduct measurement of humidity before draw to determine real humidity and to correct weight, then to conduct measurement of humidity after draw to correct compactness, which normally leads to the use of two humidity detection modules located either side of the draw module. Nonetheless, this solution is expensive and space-consuming.
- The purpose of the invention is more particularly to overcome these drawbacks.
- For this purpose, it proposes integrating a hyperfrequency cavity for measuring humidity within the draw measurement cell of the sample holder so as to be able to successively carry out measurement of humidity before draw (which enables weight correction), the measurement of draw and finally a second humidity measurement after draw to correct compactness accordingly.
- Therefore, the device of the invention may comprise a tubular body comprising:
-
- an access orifice provided with an iris diaphragm enabling the top of the tobacco rod to be separated from the atmosphere so as to channel the flow of paper ventilation for its measurement,
- a cavity surrounding the tobacco rod, over at least a fraction of its height, so as to allow determination of tobacco humidity through the analysis of hyperfrequency signals, and
- at least a first sphincter with which to hold the cigarette by encapsulating the filter end over a standardized length, to perform draw measurements.
- The distance between the iris diaphragm and the lower end of the sphincter being slightly shorter than the length of a cigarette.
- Advantageously, said above body may comprise a second sphincter with which to encapsulate the filter opposite the first sphincter with respect to a filter ventilation zone so as to channel the flow of filter ventilation for its measurement.
- With these arrangements, the sample holder alone can carry out a sequence successively comprising measurements of:
-
- humidity before draw (manufacturing humidity and humidity for weight correction),
- standardized draw TN,
- filter ventilation VF,
- paper ventilation VP,
- draw with filter ventilation closed TFE,
- humidity (for subsequent correction of compactness).
- An embodiment of the invention is described below as a non-limitative example with reference to the appended drawing in which:
- The single FIGURE is an axial section of a sample-holder according to the invention.
- In this example, the sample-
holder 1 is intended to perform measurements on batches of cigarettes of which one cigarette, positioned on the sample holder, conventionally comprises atobacco rod 2 contained in a cigarette paper wrapping 3 extended at one end by a ventilatedfilter 4 comprising, in its central part, an annular zone withventilation holes 5. - This sample-
holder 1 comprises a cylindrical structure made of threetubular parts - a) a first part which forms a hopper comprising:
- a
tube 9 shouldered in its lower part, - a
cylindrical sleeve 10 shouldered in its upper part which fits intoshouldered tube 9 with a seal via an O-ring 11, theshoulder 12 comprising a radialair flow duct 13 used to channel and determine the flow rate QP of paper ventilation, - a
hopper body 14 having an outer cylindrical surface which fits intosleeve 10 with a seal (O-Ring 15), this cylindrical surface in its lower part having astage 16 of smaller diameter, followed by an end part of substantially flattened cone shape, and a coaxial central cavity comprising apart 17 of flattened cone shape followed in its lower part by acylindrical part 18 whose diameter is substantially the diameter of the cigarette, - an
iris diaphragm 19 mounted on thehopper body 14 with a seal by means of acylindrical ring 20 which fits gas-tight onto stage 16 (O-ring 21), thisiris diaphragm 19 comprising a coaxial opening which in its retracted state has a diameter that is slightly smaller than the cigarette diameter;
- a
- b) a
second part 7 delimiting ahyperfrequency cavity 6, this part comprising a cylindrical casing comprising acylindrical wall 22 partly closed by twocircular walls dielectric material 25 fit in sealed manner, the inner diameter of this tube being slightly larger than the cigarette diameter; the uppercircular wall 23 is conformed for gas-tight assembly onto theshouldered part 12 oftube 9 delimiting, downstream from theiris diaphragm 19, a flow chamber into which thechannel 13 opens; the lowercircular face 24 of the casing carries a cylindricalcoaxial fixation sleeve 26 whose diameter is greater than the diameter of thetube 25; - c) a
third part 8 consisting of a section of tube shouldered in its lower part, thistube section 27 comprising a cylindrical central passage with different bore levels, namely: a first level whose diameter corresponds to the outer diameter of thesleeve 26 into which it fits with gas-tightness, a second bore level on which afirst sphincter 28 is mounted which, in the released state, encapsulates the cigarette at the upper end offilter 4, a third bore level which delimits acavity 29 surrounding theventilation zone 5 of thefilter 4 and into which a gas flow duct opens 30 whose flow rate QF determines the ventilation flow offilter 4, and a fourth bore level in which asecond sphincter 31 is mounted which, in the deployed state under the effect of a pressurized gas, comes to encapsulate the lower end of thecigarette filter 4; as mentioned previously, thissphincter 31 holds the cigarette by encapsulating the filter end over a standardized length of 9 mm to perform draw and ventilation measurements. - The functioning of the above-described sample-holder is as follows:
- During an initial phase the cigarette is inserted into the sample-
holder 1. During this operation made simply under gravity, the cigarette centred by the hopper 14 (filter directed downwards) enters the passage delimited in particular by thecylindrical portion 18, thecylindrical tube 25 and the twosphincters iris diaphragm 19, are then in a retracted state caused by aspiration. Telescopic abutment means then enable the cigarette to be held in the sample-holder 2, a position in which the lower end of thefilter 4 is substantially located at the lower end of thesphincter 31, while the upper end of thetobacco rod 2 is located slightly above theiris diaphragm 19. -
Sphincters iris diaphragm 19 are then placed under atmospheric pressure and change to the deployed state so that: -
- the
iris diaphragm 19 separates the top of thetobacco rod 2 from the atmosphere, - the
sphincter 28 separates thefilter part 4 from thetobacco rod 2, - the
sphincter 31 holds the cigarette in place by encapsulating the end of thefilter 4 over a length of 9 mm.
- the
- The sample-
holder 1 is then ready to perform its sequence of measurements, namely: -
- a first humidity measurement by applying and analysing hyperfrequency signals in cavity C,
- a standardized draw measurement by causing an aspiration flow of 17.5 ml/s at the lower end of the
filter 4, the flow channels of aspirated air being placed under atmospheric pressure; this measurement consists of using a pressure sensor to measure the load loss generated by the cigarette, - a filter ventilation measurement using a first flow detector D1 to measure the air flow QF passing through the
channel 30, - a paper ventilation measurement using a flow detector D2 to measure the flow passing through
channel 13, - measurement of draw, through the cigarette, with the filter ventilation closed using the pressure sensor AP,
channel 30 being closed by means of a controllable valve V2, - a further measurement of humidity using a processor MP similar to the one previously used.
- Evidently, these different measurements may be piloted by a processor MP which also stores in memory the measured values and processes these values.
- In this example, this microprocessor also controls:
-
- a valve V1 closing the passage of the cigarette to the next station, in theory the cigarette diameter and compactness measuring station,
- a valve V3 controlling closure of the atmospheric pressurizing of
channel 19.
- One important advantage of this solution is that, with the integration of the humidity measuring cavity within the draw module, it is possible to measure humidity before draw, to correct weight, and after draw to correct compactness using a single humidity sensor.
Claims (5)
1. Sample-holder for measuring parameters of porous objects, this sample-holder comprising a draw measurement cell, and a hyperfrequency cavity for humidity measurement integrated within the cell so as to surround the object present in said cell over at least part of its height, to enable measurement of humidity before and/or after draw measurement.
2. Sample-holder as in claim 1 , intended to measure parameters of a cigarette comprising a tobacco rod wrapped in cigarette paper and a filter, said sample-holder comprising a tubular body comprising:
an access orifice provided with an iris diaphragm enabling separation of the top of the tobacco rod from the atmosphere so as to channel the flow of paper ventilation for its measurement using first suitable flow measuring means,
a cavity surrounding the tobacco rod over at least a fraction of its height so as to allow determination of the humidity content of the tobacco through the analysis of hyperfrequency signals, and
at least a first sphincter to hold the cigarette in place by encapsulating the filter end, so as to perform draw measurements using aspiration means associated with said sphincter and second means for measuring pressure,
the distance between the iris diaphragm and the lower end of the sphincter being slightly shorter than the length of a cigarette.
3. Sample-holder as in claim 2 , comprising a second sphincter enabling encapsulation of the filter opposite the first sphincter with respect to a ventilation zone of the filter so as to channel the ventilation flow of the filter for its measurement.
4. Sample-holder as in claim 1 , comprising a processor able to control an operative sequence successively comprising measurements of:
humidity before draw,
standardized draw,
filter ventilation,
paper ventilation,
draw with filter ventilation closed,
humidity after draw.
5. Sample-holder as in claim 4 , comprising, firstly, a cylindrical structure made of three tubular parts assembled onto one another, namely:
a first part comprising a hopper whose central coaxial cavity comprises a part of flattened cone shape followed by a cylindrical part whose diameter is substantially that of the cigarette, the lower part of this hopper comprising an iris diaphragm,
a second part consisting of a hyperfrequency cavity, this part comprising a cylindrical casing whose two circular walls comprise two coaxial circular orifices into which the two respective ends of a tube in dielectric material fit with gas-tight assembly, the inner diameter of this tube being slightly larger than the cigarette diameter,
a third part comprising a cylindrical central passage with several bore levels carrying a first sphincter intended to encapsulate the cigarette at the upper end of the filter, and a second sphincter intended to encapsulate the lower end of the filter.
and secondly,
aspiration means connected downstream of the second sphincter, these aspiration means comprising means for measuring the flow of aspirated air,
a first air flow duct leading into a chamber located in the space between the first and second part, to channel and measure the paper ventilation flow rate,
a second air flow duct leading into a chamber located in the space between the two sphincters, to channel and measure the filter ventilation flow rate.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR02/16254 | 2002-12-18 | ||
FR0216254A FR2849201B1 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2002-12-18 | SAMPLE HOLDER FOR MEASURING DRAWING AND MOISTURE OF POROUS OBJECTS |
PCT/FR2003/003596 WO2004065948A2 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-12-04 | Sample-holder for measuring draft and moisture in porous objects |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20060102730A1 true US20060102730A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
Family
ID=32406233
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/539,597 Abandoned US20060102730A1 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2003-12-04 | Sample-holder for measuring draft and moisture in porous objects |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060102730A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1573305B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006511813A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003298419A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2849201B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004065948A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202007001196U1 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2007-05-31 | Tews Elektronik Dipl.-Ing. Manfred Tews | Cigarette filter rod measuring station, has micro-wave measuring device measuring mass of softening agent, moisture content and/or dry mass of filter material, where device has resonator and measuring unit for determining resonance changes |
DE102006041191C5 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2016-08-04 | Tews Elektronik Dipl.-Ing. Manfred Tews | Filter measuring stick station and method for measuring the mass of a plasticizer in a filter rod |
JP2010535325A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2010-11-18 | ジー.デー ソチエタ ペル アツィオニ | Device for detecting the properties of fibrous materials |
DE102011083051A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-21 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Mikrowellenresonatorgehäuse |
WO2016025569A2 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-02-18 | Dickey-John Corporation | A microwave moisture meter and sensor |
CN106235405B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2023-06-09 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Cigarette filter tip with adjustable suction resistance distribution |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3360721A (en) * | 1963-10-30 | 1967-12-26 | Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co | Determination of moisture in tobacco |
US3648035A (en) * | 1969-06-02 | 1972-03-07 | Industrial Nucleonics Corp | System and method for optimizing processor or equipment profit |
US3783373A (en) * | 1971-02-11 | 1974-01-01 | Molins Ltd | Apparatus for measuring density and moisture |
US4246774A (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1981-01-27 | Service 0'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Des Allumettes | Device for measuring the draft of smoking articles such as cigarettes and combined measuring apparatus including such a device |
US4249149A (en) * | 1978-05-03 | 1981-02-03 | Thomson-Csf | Ultra high-frequency circuit with resonant cavity equipped with pairs of peripheral diodes |
US4326542A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1982-04-27 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Firmness control in a cigarette maker |
US4522214A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1985-06-11 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling a cigarette maker to produce a cigarette rod with predetermined moisture content |
US4912964A (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1990-04-03 | Japan Tobacco, Inc. | Sample supporting device having small contact region with sample suitable for ventilation-characteristics measuring apparatus |
US5186183A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1993-02-16 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting micro-holes or examining the state of micro-holes formed on each of rod-like matters |
US5698986A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-12-16 | Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. | Cigarette density monitor |
US5977780A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1999-11-02 | Manfred Tews | Moisture and density sensor |
US6134948A (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-10-24 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Ventilation-characteristic measuring apparatus |
US6163158A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 2000-12-19 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Method of and apparatus for ascertaining at least one characteristic of a substance |
US6212941B1 (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2001-04-10 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Permeameter with wide measurement range |
US20030178036A1 (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2003-09-25 | Udo Demmer | Method and device for detecting foreign bodies in cigarettes |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6225812B1 (en) * | 1998-06-25 | 2001-05-01 | Rockwell Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for measuring the density of a substance having free water compensation |
-
2002
- 2002-12-18 FR FR0216254A patent/FR2849201B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-04 AU AU2003298419A patent/AU2003298419A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-04 EP EP03796167.9A patent/EP1573305B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-04 WO PCT/FR2003/003596 patent/WO2004065948A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-04 US US10/539,597 patent/US20060102730A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-04 JP JP2004566980A patent/JP2006511813A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3360721A (en) * | 1963-10-30 | 1967-12-26 | Liggett & Myers Tobacco Co | Determination of moisture in tobacco |
US3648035A (en) * | 1969-06-02 | 1972-03-07 | Industrial Nucleonics Corp | System and method for optimizing processor or equipment profit |
US3783373A (en) * | 1971-02-11 | 1974-01-01 | Molins Ltd | Apparatus for measuring density and moisture |
US4249149A (en) * | 1978-05-03 | 1981-02-03 | Thomson-Csf | Ultra high-frequency circuit with resonant cavity equipped with pairs of peripheral diodes |
US4246774A (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1981-01-27 | Service 0'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Des Allumettes | Device for measuring the draft of smoking articles such as cigarettes and combined measuring apparatus including such a device |
US4522214A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1985-06-11 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling a cigarette maker to produce a cigarette rod with predetermined moisture content |
US4326542A (en) * | 1980-01-14 | 1982-04-27 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Firmness control in a cigarette maker |
US4912964A (en) * | 1987-04-16 | 1990-04-03 | Japan Tobacco, Inc. | Sample supporting device having small contact region with sample suitable for ventilation-characteristics measuring apparatus |
US5186183A (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1993-02-16 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method and apparatus for detecting micro-holes or examining the state of micro-holes formed on each of rod-like matters |
US5698986A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-12-16 | Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. | Cigarette density monitor |
US6163158A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 2000-12-19 | Hauni Maschinenbau Ag | Method of and apparatus for ascertaining at least one characteristic of a substance |
US5977780A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1999-11-02 | Manfred Tews | Moisture and density sensor |
US6212941B1 (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2001-04-10 | Societe Nationale D'exploitation Industrielle Des Tabacs Et Allumettes | Permeameter with wide measurement range |
US6134948A (en) * | 1998-07-22 | 2000-10-24 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Ventilation-characteristic measuring apparatus |
US20030178036A1 (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2003-09-25 | Udo Demmer | Method and device for detecting foreign bodies in cigarettes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2006511813A (en) | 2006-04-06 |
EP1573305B1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
AU2003298419A1 (en) | 2004-08-13 |
WO2004065948A2 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
EP1573305A2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
WO2004065948A3 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
FR2849201B1 (en) | 2005-04-08 |
FR2849201A1 (en) | 2004-06-25 |
AU2003298419A8 (en) | 2004-08-13 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |