US20060008354A1 - High-speed impeller - Google Patents

High-speed impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060008354A1
US20060008354A1 US10/933,485 US93348504A US2006008354A1 US 20060008354 A1 US20060008354 A1 US 20060008354A1 US 93348504 A US93348504 A US 93348504A US 2006008354 A1 US2006008354 A1 US 2006008354A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
speed impeller
reinforcing sleeves
reinforcing
core structure
sleeves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/933,485
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English (en)
Inventor
Johann Kramer
Martin Schlegl
Erwin Schmidt
Holger Stark
Siegfried Sumser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Assigned to DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG reassignment DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SUMSER, SIEGFRIED, SCHMIDT, ERWIN, KRAEMER, JOHANN, SCHLEGL, MARTIN, STARK, HOLGER
Publication of US20060008354A1 publication Critical patent/US20060008354A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F01D5/048—Form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-speed impeller for delivering gaseous or liquid media.
  • DE 101 63 951 C1 describes a rotor disk which is made of a metal and has local fiber reinforcements.
  • the fiber reinforcements consist of metal matrix composites (MMC). These inner MMC rings are pressed into the circumference of the rotor disk by means of a radial press fit.
  • a rotor consisting of a composite material is described in WO 02/01311 A1, various rings of fiber-reinforced wound bodies being slipped concentrically over one another and thus forming a flat cylindrical rotor disk.
  • Said examples show methods of reinforcing an impeller subjected to high centrifugal loading.
  • the arrangements described have the disadvantage that complex impeller structures cannot be reproduced or the fiber reinforcements are not fully integrated in the impeller.
  • An object of the invention includes providing a high-speed impeller which has an integrated reinforcement in a complex cross-sectional contour.
  • a solution of this object includes a high-speed impeller in which a reinforcing core structure is surrounded by an outer functional section, and reinforcing sleeves are pushed concentrically over one another for producing the core structure.
  • pushed concentrically over one another refers to the fact that the outside diameter of an inner reinforcing sleeve equals an inside diameter of an outer reinforcing sleeve to the extent that the outer reinforcing sleeve can be pushed with little play over the inner reinforcing sleeve.
  • the length of the respective reinforcing sleeve varies in such a way that it can approximately reproduce a predetermined cross-sectional geometry of the core contour.
  • a reinforcement of the impeller can be produced which, in deviation from the cylindrical structure of the reinforcements which are mentioned in the prior art, is designed, for example, in hyperbolic shape or in a rising exponential manner.
  • the reinforcement is therefore not only settled in a narrow cylindrical region, but it can also be adapted along a complex cross-sectional structure of the high-speed impeller.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of the high-speed impeller narrows with increasing diameter, for which reason it is expedient that, in a development of the invention, the length of the reinforcing sleeves is reduced with increasing outside diameter.
  • a further aspect of the invention constitutes a high-speed impeller which, claim 3 .
  • a high-speed impeller like previously mentioned the high-speed impeller, has a reinforcing core structure which is surrounded by an outer functional section.
  • this embodiment of the high-speed impeller is distinguished by the fact that, in order to produce the core structure, a plurality of reinforcing sleeves with in each case inner bores having the same diameter are aligned in such a way that the inner bores are aligned congruently.
  • the expression “congruently” in this case refers to the fact that the inner bores are concentrically aligned on a common axis in such a way that a shaft can be pushed with little play through the aligned arrangement of the inner bores.
  • the outside diameter of the aligned reinforcing sleeves varies in order to reproduce a predetermined cross-sectional geometry of the core structure.
  • the functional section of the high-speed impeller is likewise cast onto the core structure.
  • the high-speed impeller according to this latter embodiment achieves the same advantages as are also described by the arrangement of the high-speed impeller as in the first-described embodiment.
  • the aligned arrangement of the reinforcing sleeves having the congruently superimposed inner bores can be pushed onto a shaft; however, it can also be pushed onto a reinforcing sleeve of the same kind. In this way, additional radial and axial strengthening is achieved.
  • the reinforcing sleeves are produced from a fiberreinforced material. Any form of fiber-reinforced materials by means of which a marked increase in the tensile strength and thus a marked increase in the strength of the high-speed impeller is achieved is suitable in this case.
  • the reinforcing sleeves comprise long-fiber-reinforced wound bodies. Such wound bodies may either already be infiltrated with a metal before the integral casting of the functional section, or they may be infiltrated with the metal of the functional section during the integral acasting of the functional section.
  • the reinforcing sleeves may consist of a metal-matrix composite material reinforced with short fibers. Furthermore, a porous ceramic infiltrated by metal may be used for the reinforcing sleeves. An increase in the tensile strength and in the modulus of elasticity is also achieved by such reinforcing sleeves.
  • the reinforcing sleeves may also be expedient to produce the reinforcing sleeves from non-fiber-reinforced, high-strength metal materials, for example from spray-compacted metal materials or from high-strength wrought alloys.
  • non-fiber-reinforced, high-strength metal materials for example from spray-compacted metal materials or from high-strength wrought alloys.
  • such materials can be produced more cost-effectively than fiber-reinforced materials and are used when there is little latitude in terms of the cost of the component.
  • the use of the high-speed impeller according to the invention is in particular especially expedient in exhaust-gas turbochargers, in this case equally as a compressor wheel or a turbine wheel.
  • the impellers may also be used in an expedient manner as gas turbine wheels or as water pump wheels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a graphic illustration of a compressor impeller of an exhaust-gas turbocharger
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a core structure with reinforcing sleeves pushed over one another in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a core structure with aligned reinforcing sleeves having a constant inside diameter, the aligned arrangement being pushed concentrically onto a reinforcing sleeve of the same kind
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a core structure with aligned reinforcing sleeves which each have an identical inside diameter
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a core structure with aligned reinforcing sleeves which each have an identical inside diameter.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic illustration of a high-speed impeller in the form of a compressor wheel 2 for an exhaust-gas turbocharger is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • This compressor wheel 2 has a functional section 6 which comprises, for example, compressor blades 7 .
  • the compressor wheel 2 comprises a core structure 4 which, starting from a concentric region around a bore 9 in the center of the compressor wheel 2 , runs outward with increasing diameter and is designed as a support structure of the compressor blades 7 .
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 For the sake of clarity, only a cross section of the core structure is shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 .
  • the illustration of the functional section 6 having the compressor blades 7 is dispensed with.
  • FIG. 2 Shown in FIG. 2 is a core structure 4 which is produced from a plurality of reinforcing sleeves 8 which are pushed over one another concentrically.
  • a core structure 4 which is produced from a plurality of reinforcing sleeves 8 which are pushed over one another concentrically.
  • only two reinforcing sleeves 8 are provided with the corresponding reference numerals, corresponding designations being provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the reinforcing sleeves 8 have an outside diameter 12 and an inside diameter 14 .
  • the outside diameter 12 of each reinforcing sleeve 8 is configured in such a way that it corresponds to the inside diameter 14 of the following reinforcing sleeve 8 to the extent that the two reinforcing sleeves 8 can be pushed over one another with little play (cf. FIG. 2 , right-hand side).
  • the reinforcing sleeves 8 become shorter from the inside outward; that is to say the length 10 of the reinforcing sleeves 8 decreases from the inside outward.
  • a wall thickness 13 may also vary from one reinforcing sleeve 8 to the next reinforcing sleeve 8 .
  • FIG. 2 The result of such a type of construction is shown schematically in FIG. 2 on the left-hand side.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of the reinforcing structure 4 runs outward in a similar manner to an exponential curve until it reaches a maximum value in order to then fall away again roughly in a hyperbolic shape in the direction of a center axis 16 .
  • a plan view of the core structure 4 is depicted in the top part of the lefthand sketch in FIG. 2 , and a section through the core structure 4 is shown in the bottom part of the sketch.
  • the core structure 4 from FIG. 3 differs from the core structure 4 in FIG. 2 in that reinforcing sleeves 20 which each have an inner bore 22 of identical diameter are provided.
  • the reinforcing sleeves 20 are aligned in such a way that the inner bores 22 are congruently superimposed, a reinforcing sleeve 26 of the same kind being shown in such a way that its outside diameter 28 can be pushed with little play into the inner bores 22 of the reinforcing sleeves 20 .
  • the reinforcing sleeves 20 are therefore aligned on the reinforcing sleeve 26 of the same kind.
  • the reinforcing sleeves 20 likewise have a different length 10 .
  • FIG. 4 An aligned arrangement of various sleeves 20 , with in each case a constant inner bore 22 , is shown in the example in FIG. 4 , which is similar to the example from FIG. 3 .
  • the difference from FIG. 3 consists in the fact that a reinforcing sleeve 26 of the same kind, onto which the aligned arrangement of the reinforcing sleeves 20 is pushed, is not used here.
  • the aligned arrangement of reinforcing sleeves 20 in FIG. 4 can be soldered, adhesively bonded or stitched, for example, depending on which materials are used for the reinforcing sleeves 20 .
  • the aligned arrangement of reinforcing sleeves 20 can then be pulled onto a shaft.
  • FIG. 5 An aligned arrangement of reinforcing sleeves 20 , similar to the example from FIG. 4 , is likewise shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the cross-sectional geometry of the reinforcing structure 4 is not filled to the optimum extent, as occurs, for example, by means of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4 .
  • such a simpler, cost-effective type of construction may be advantageous for simple compressor wheels which are not subjected to very high loading.
  • the types of construction of the reinforcing structure 4 which are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 involve comparatively complex arrangements. In practice, it may therefore often be expedient for reasons of cost for only two _einforcing sleeves 8 to be pushed concentrically over one another according to the example from FIG. 2 . It may also be expedient, for example, in accordance with FIG. 3 , for only two reinforcing sleeves 20 to be aligned and for said reinforcing sleeves 20 to be pulled onto a reinforcing sleeve 26 of the same kind or for them to be pushed directly onto a shaft (not shown here). In this case, the existing loading condition at the compressor wheel 2 and the cost framework are to be taken into account in each case.
  • the materials which are used for producing the reinforcing sleeves 8 or 20 are likewise adapted to the mechanical stresses which act on the compressor wheel 2 .
  • the production of the reinforcing sleeves from a fiber-reinforced material has been found to be expedient.
  • a possible example for the production of a reinforcing sleeve 8 or 20 consists in producing a wound body of long-fiber material or of spun short-fiber material.
  • the fibers are impregnated in a wax, resin or polymer.
  • the impregnated material hardens after the wound body has been wound up, thereby resulting in “preforms” of the reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 .
  • These preforms of the reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 can be cut into segments having the desired lengths 10 , in which case these segments, according to the mode of expression used here, may already be referred to as reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 .
  • These reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 can be attached to one another or pushed over one another, for example, by adhesive bonding, pressing, stitching, stacking or hot melting.
  • preliminary fixing already exists and already represents the cross-sectional geometry of the core structure 4 .
  • Organic material such as wax or polymer is then melted or the resin or the polymer or the wax is burnt out of the reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 .
  • the reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 which are thus free of organic bonding agents, are placed in a casting mold and are infiltrated during the pouring with the metal melt, which also subsequently forms the functional section 6 .
  • a die-casting or a squeeze-casting process is expedient. If appropriate, the burning-out and the pouring of the metal melt can also be effected at the same time.
  • fiber-reinforced wound bodies which are inflitrated with polymers or resins or waxes, are produced in a similar manner to the preceding example and are assembled to form a core structure 4 similar to FIGS. 2 to 5 , the organic material—wax, resin or polymer—is removed, and the core structure 4 is infiltrated with a special metal in a corresponding casting process, for example a die-casting process.
  • the core structure 4 infiltrated in this way is then encapsulated with the functional section 6 in the precision casting or in another low-pressure casting process.
  • the fiber wound body is infiltrated with liquid metal
  • the reinforcing sleeves may be produced, for example, from a wrought alloy, in particular an aluminum wrought alloy.
  • a wrought alloy in particular an aluminum wrought alloy.
  • metal-matrix composites which if appropriate are reinforced with short fibers, or the use of spray-compacted metallic materials may be expedient for the reinforcing sleeves 8 , 20 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US10/933,485 2003-09-05 2004-09-03 High-speed impeller Abandoned US20060008354A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10341415A DE10341415A1 (de) 2003-09-05 2003-09-05 Hochgeschwindigkeitslaufrad
DE10341415.0 2003-09-05

Publications (1)

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US20060008354A1 true US20060008354A1 (en) 2006-01-12

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US10/933,485 Abandoned US20060008354A1 (en) 2003-09-05 2004-09-03 High-speed impeller

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US (1) US20060008354A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1512833A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005083382A (fr)
DE (1) DE10341415A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110229325A1 (en) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 Klaus Czerwinski Rotor for a charging device
US8118556B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2012-02-21 Caterpillar Inc. Compressor wheel for a turbocharger system
USD778958S1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-02-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Impeller for superchargers
US20170335858A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2017-11-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Impeller and rotary machine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009018801A1 (de) 2009-04-24 2009-11-05 Daimler Ag Turbolader-Anordnung
DE102012011662A1 (de) 2012-06-13 2012-12-13 Daimler Ag Turbinenrad für eine Turbine
DE102014004745A1 (de) 2014-04-01 2015-10-01 Daimler Ag Turbinenrad für eine Turbine, insbesondere eines Abgasturboladers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2757901A (en) * 1953-02-24 1956-08-07 Kennametal Inc Composite turbine disc
US2894318A (en) * 1952-10-08 1959-07-14 Gen Electric Turbomachine bucket-wheel fabricated by casting
US3778188A (en) * 1972-09-11 1973-12-11 Gen Motors Corp Cooled turbine rotor and its manufacture

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4321173C2 (de) * 1993-06-25 1996-02-22 Inst Luft Kaeltetech Gem Gmbh Radiallaufrad
FR2738304B1 (fr) * 1995-08-30 1997-11-28 Europ Propulsion Turbine en materiau composite thermostructural, en particulier a grand diametre, et procede pour sa fabrication

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2894318A (en) * 1952-10-08 1959-07-14 Gen Electric Turbomachine bucket-wheel fabricated by casting
US2757901A (en) * 1953-02-24 1956-08-07 Kennametal Inc Composite turbine disc
US3778188A (en) * 1972-09-11 1973-12-11 Gen Motors Corp Cooled turbine rotor and its manufacture

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8118556B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2012-02-21 Caterpillar Inc. Compressor wheel for a turbocharger system
US20110229325A1 (en) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 Klaus Czerwinski Rotor for a charging device
US20170335858A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2017-11-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Impeller and rotary machine
USD778958S1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2017-02-14 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Impeller for superchargers

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Publication number Publication date
EP1512833A2 (fr) 2005-03-09
JP2005083382A (ja) 2005-03-31
DE10341415A1 (de) 2005-04-07

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Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KRAEMER, JOHANN;SCHLEGL, MARTIN;SCHMIDT, ERWIN;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:016123/0574;SIGNING DATES FROM 20041129 TO 20041202

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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