US20050282602A1 - Combine harvester with ready adjustment of discharge positions of straw and chaff - Google Patents

Combine harvester with ready adjustment of discharge positions of straw and chaff Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050282602A1
US20050282602A1 US11/148,441 US14844105A US2005282602A1 US 20050282602 A1 US20050282602 A1 US 20050282602A1 US 14844105 A US14844105 A US 14844105A US 2005282602 A1 US2005282602 A1 US 2005282602A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
discharge
chaff
housing
straw
tailboard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/148,441
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English (en)
Inventor
Leo Redekop
Kevin Redekop
Dean Mayerle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Redekop Chaff Systems Ltd
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US11/217,066 priority Critical patent/US7220179B2/en
Assigned to REDEKOP CHAFF SYSTEMS LTD. reassignment REDEKOP CHAFF SYSTEMS LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MAYERLE, DEAN, REDEKOP, KEVIN, REDEKOP, LEO
Publication of US20050282602A1 publication Critical patent/US20050282602A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12—Details of combines
    • A01D41/1243—Devices for laying-out or distributing the straw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
    • A01F12/40—Arrangements of straw crushers or cutters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a combine harvester and a chopper apparatus for a combine harvester, which is readily adjustable to allow the straw and chaff to be spread or windrowed independently as required.
  • Some current combines spread chaff through the straw chopper when straw is spread, however when straw is windrowed over the chopper's tailboard the fins are lowered and a wide spread of the chaff is not possible due to the orientation of the fins directing the chaff into the ground
  • Rekord in a publication describing their Rekord Plus system provides an arrangement in which the chaff spinners are mounted under the straw chopper and the output of the spinners utilize the chopper's tailboard for disbursement of the chaff
  • New Holland in a publication describing their CX Combine provides an arrangement in which the chaff is blown into the straw chopper when the straw is windrowed over the tailboard.
  • a combine harvester comprising:
  • the adjustment system comprises a portion of the housing which is adjustable to cause the chaff carried by the chopping assembly to escape from the housing at a discharge position different from the discharge opening for spreading.
  • the housing preferably has a bottom wall over which the chopped material passes to the discharge opening and wherein the adjustment system comprises a portion bottom wall which is movable.
  • the bottom wall preferably has a pivotal portion which can pivot downwardly to provide said adjustment portion.
  • a chaff spreading device arranged such that the chaff discharging from the different position engages onto the chaff spreading device for spreading.
  • the chaff spreading device comprises a second set of fins, however those skilled in the art will recognize that any spreading device could be utilized—powered spinners mounted with a horizontal or vertical rotational axis, air jets etc.
  • the chaff spreading device comprises a chaffboard which is attached to the housing below the discharge opening of the housing.
  • the chaffboard is pivotally attached to the housing.
  • the bottom wall comprises a part cylindrical wall partly surrounding the axis of rotation of the chopping assembly and extending from the inlet to the discharge outlet and wherein a portion of the bottom wall is pivotal about an axis across the bottom wall so that a trailing edge of the portion defines said different discharge position leaving a fixed part of the bottom wall between the different discharge position and the discharge opening.
  • the adjustment system comprises adjustable fins of the tailboard which are adjustable to an adjusted position such that chaff exiting from the discharge opening impacts on the downwardly inclined tailboard and on the fins in the adjusted position thereof and is spread by the fins.
  • the fins are preferably adjustable by extending at least some of the fins along their length so as to increase their length on the same curvature.
  • a chopper and discharge apparatus arranged to be mounted at the rear hood of a combine harvester for receiving the straw and chaff from the combine harvester and for discharging the materials rearwardly from the combine harvester, the apparatus comprising:
  • a chopper and discharge apparatus arranged to be mounted at the rear hood of a combine harvester for receiving the straw and chaff from the combine harvester and for discharging the materials rearwardly from the combine harvester, the apparatus comprising:
  • a chopper and discharge apparatus arranged to be mounted at the rear hood of a combine harvester for receiving the straw and chaff from the combine harvester and for discharging the materials rearwardly from the combine harvester, the apparatus comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic isometric view of a rear section of a combine harvester and straw chopper according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevational view of the combine harvester and straw chopper of FIG. 1 showing the chopper arranged for chopping the straw and spreading the straw and chaff in a conventional manner.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side elevational view of the combine harvester and straw chopper of FIG. 1 showing the chopper arranged for swathing the straw and spreading the chaff in a manner according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side elevational view of the combine harvester and straw chopper of FIG. 1 showing the chopper arranged for swathing the straw and chaff by-passing the chopper.
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevational view of the chopper of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale showing the openable portion of the bottom wall in more detail and in the closed position of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the chopper of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale showing the openable portion of the bottom wall in more detail and in the open position of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 7 is a bottom plan view of the chopper and the tailboard in the position of FIG. 3 .
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are bottom plan views of the tailboard only showing adjustment of the fins of the tailboard for spreading the chaff when the straw is swathed and the chaff spread.
  • FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a rear section of a combine harvester and a straw chopper with two discharge locations; one to a delivery tube discharging into a towed wagon and a second discharge to a tailboard for spreading.
  • a combine harvester shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 comprises a combine harvester housing 10 mounted on ground wheels 11 for transport over a ground in conventional manner.
  • the combine harvester is shown only schematically since many different designs are available and well known to one skilled in the art.
  • the combine harvester includes a straw separation section generally indicated at 12 and a sieve section generally indicated at 13 . Again these elements are conventional and provide arrangements for separation of the straw from the crop material allowing the seed material to fall through to the sieve at which seeds are separated from the seed material leaving the chaff or other lighter materials on top of the sieve to be carried away from the sieve by an air flow through the sieve as is well known.
  • the rear of the combine is provided is a rear hood 14 into which air from the straw separation system and the sieves enters and into which straw is discharged rearwardly for falling vertically downwardly in the hood section 14 into a chopper and spreader generally indicated at 15 .
  • the chaff from the rear end of the sieve as best shown in FIG. 2 at 13 A is carried by a pan 16 into the chopper 15 .
  • the chopper typically has a horizontal upper mounting flange 25 which attaches to a corresponding bottom flange of the hood of the combine. This forms a rectangular open mouth at the top of the chopper which corresponds in shape to the rectangular lower opening of the hood so that all material discharging from the hood falls into the upper part of the housing and enters the chopper.
  • the chopper comprises a housing attached to the top mounting flange and depending therefrom and defined by side walls 26 at opposite sides of the hood and generally co-planar therewith. Bridging the side walls 26 is provided a bottom wall 22 and a top wall 21 which extend across the width of the chopper and form a generally cylindrical area for receiving the chopper rotor 20 .
  • the rotor 20 includes a hub 28 with a plurality of radially extending flails or blades 29 carried on the rotor for rotation therewith around the axis of the rotor which is arranged across the width of the chopper.
  • the chopper includes stationary blades 30 mounted on the bottom wall 22 at a position partway around the bottom wall.
  • the stationary blades are arranged in a row at spaced positions across the width of the chopper so as to co-operate with the rotating blades of the hub in a chopping action.
  • the spacing between the blades can be selected in accordance with the type of rotating blades as is well known to one skilled in the art.
  • the top wall 21 and the bottom wall 22 define at the upper part of the housing an inlet 32 into which the materials can fall from the hood and from the sieve 13 A.
  • the chaff guide plate 16 includes a mounting 34 and a plate 35 which extends so that the materials falling from the end of the sieve extend over the space between the end of the sieve and the front edge 22 A of the bottom wall 22 so as to carry the chaff in the air stream from the sieve over the plate and into the opening 32 .
  • the top wall 21 includes a generally vertical portion 37 which extends downwardly from the top flange 25 to the top of the rotor.
  • the top wall 21 further includes a curved section 38 which extends around the top of the rotor to a rear edge 39 which defines the top edge of the rear discharge opening 40 through which the material exits in the stream of air and chopped materials generated by the rotation of the rotor within the housing.
  • a tailboard 41 is pivotally mounted on the rear part of the housing at a pivot mount 41 A.
  • the tailboard comprises a base plate 42 with a series of fins 43 on the underside shaped and arranged so that material exiting from the discharge opening 40 is thrown up against the underside of the tailboard and impacts the fins causing a change in direction of the material on the tailboard so as to spread the material using the momentum generated in the stream from the rotor.
  • the angle of the tailboard can be adjusted around the pivot 41 by actuating a pin.
  • a cylinder 44 is utilized to minimize the effort required to lift the tailboard.
  • a pair of guides 42 A which define inwardly converging side edges of the tailboard to form in effect a chute for the straw passing over the upper side of the tailboard during the by-pass action described herein.
  • the straw converges inwardly and forms a narrower swath as it is discharged over the tailboard.
  • the flow of straw and chaff to the chopper is controlled by a straw door 4 pivotal at an upper end 4 A at the rear of the hood and the chaff door 1 located between the rear end of the sieve and the front edge of the bottom wall of the chopper.
  • the door 4 is pivoted at its upper edge 4 A and forms a panel extending across the rear part of the hood for engaging and guiding the straw.
  • the door forms an extension of a straw guide surface 4 B which curves downwardly and rearwardly so that the straw flowing over the surface can be guided downwardly into the opening 32 .
  • the door can be pivoted from a downward direction shown in FIG. 2 which guides the straw into the chopper to a raised position shown in FIGS.
  • the door can also me pivoted about its front edge 4 A to a forward position shown in FIG. 4 in which it is inclined forwardly and downwardly so as to by-pass the opening 32 .
  • the guide plate 35 is pivoted at its front edge so as to be movable from a first position extending from its front pivot edge across the open space in front of the sieve to bridge that space and act to carry the material from the sieve to the chopper inlet opening 32 to a second position in which it extends downwardly allowing the chaff to by-pass the inlet opening 32 .
  • the chopper inlet includes an inlet door 1 which is movable as shown by comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 . In a feed position shown in FIG. 2 it defines an inclined upper surface 1 A from a lead edge 1 B at the rear end of the plate 35 descending into the opening 32 at the edge 22 A. In a blocking position shown in FIG. 4 the door is raised so as to form an obstacle to material entering the opening 32 so that the lead edge 1 B is raised up vertically above the front edge 22 A of the opening 32 .
  • a further adjustment arrangement is provided which is a portion 6 of the bottom wall of the chopper housing.
  • This portion 6 forms an arcuate section which in the closed position shown in FIG. 5 continues to carry the material around the arc of the chopper blades of the rotor to cause the material to flow around the housing with the rotor.
  • the portion is pivotal about a leading edge 6 A which lies in the cylindrical surface of the housing and extends parallel to the axis of the rotor.
  • the portion when opened by sliding side mounting pins 6 C in slots 6 B in the side walls 26 , the portion drops downwardly allowing the material carried by the rotor to escape centrifugally from the confines of the housing at an opening 6 D at the trailing edge of the portion 6 angularly in advance of the normal discharge exit 40 .
  • Behind the trailing edge 6 D of the portion 6 is provided a supplementary set of guide fins 7 which are carried on a chaffboard 7 A mounted underneath the normal discharge opening on a mounting 7 C which is attached to the housing 15 by a mounting pin 7 E at the front end and lugs 7 F at the rear end.
  • the materials thrown from the trailing edge 6 E by the momentum created by the rotor are thrown onto the guide fins of the chaffboard which are shaped and arranged in conventional manner to define a spread pattern independently of the main guide fins 43 on the tailboard 42 .
  • the fins 7 are arranged at spaced positions across the bottom wall of the housing. The fins are generally used independently of the tailboard fins so that even when moved to the lowered position shown in FIG. 3 , the chaff is directed by the fins 7 and by-passes the fins 43 on the tailboard 42 .
  • Scenario 1 chaff is collected when the chaff door 1 is moved to the inclined open position and the guide plate 35 is raised to guide the chaff to the chopper assembly. The straw door is moved to the feed position. These positions are shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the chaff is spread with the straw by the means of the straw chopper's rotating fan blades. Chaff is entrained in the straw mat and spread further and more even than can typically be done with a chaff spreader alone
  • Scenario 2 the chaff inlet door 1 to the chopper assembly is closed and the plate 35 is lowered while the door 4 is moved to the forward most blocking position with these positions being shown in FIG. 4 and both straw and chaff are prevented from entering the inlet to the chopper and thus are windrowed in front of the chopper.
  • Scenario 3 the straw door 4 is opened to the by-pass position shown in FIG. 3 to allow straw to be windrowed and exit behind the chopper.
  • the tailboard is dropped to allow the rear exiting straw to smoothly flow off of the tailboard.
  • the chaff door 1 is moved to the opened position and the portion 6 of the chopper floor is opened to allow an exit for or all residue from the sieves.
  • the chopper generates the air pressure to accelerate and spread the chaff.
  • the directional fins 7 on the chaffboard 7 A are employed to spread the chaff exiting the chopper.
  • the directional fins 7 are not compromised by the adjustment of chopper's tailboard 42 .
  • the chaff could be dropped in front of the chopper and the straw behind, however this is typically not desirable since the chaff would form a thick bed below the swathed straw.
  • Scenario 4 an optional chaff blower is utilized to fill a trailing wagon.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 is shown an alternative arrangement of the tailboard indicated at 142 and showing the fins previously described at 143 .
  • such fins can be adjusted side to side by pivoting each fin about its leading edge with the guide and locking operation of the fin being obtained by a pin sliding in a slot 144 in the tailboard.
  • the outermost fins can be adjusted as shown in FIG. 8 as indicated at 148 by sliding an extension portion 147 the fin along its length while maintaining the same fin curvature.
  • this adjustment is effected on both the outermost and the penultimate fins only as similar adjustment of the other fins has little effect.
  • This easily adjustable fin extension can be provided that is slid out from the backside of the downward projecting fins when the tailboard is lowered. This changes the trajectory of the fins and allows a wider spread of the chaff. This is the most cost effective and energy efficient method to accomplish scenarios 1 and 3 above.
  • the New Holland CX combine utilizes two hydraulic driven fans to blow the chaff from the back of the sieves to the chopper.
  • the tailboard is oriented substantially downwards and blasts the chaff directly into the ground.
  • This system of fin adjustment is primarily used in place of the chaffboard 7 A and the opening portion 6 since it can act on the chaff exiting the normal chaff opening and impacting on the normal fins with the exception that the tailboard is in its downwardly inclined position for straw swathing and the fine are adjusted as set forth above to act on the chaff.
  • FIG. 10 is a side elevational view utilizing the chopper housing as best shown and described in FIG. 6 including the pivotal bottom wall portion 6 and the chaff board 7 . This provides the second discharge opening 6 D which is separated from the main discharge opening 40 and which becomes active when the pivot portion 6 o the wall is opened.
  • the tail board is replaced by a wagon discharge tube 60 of a conventional construction. This is arranged to receive all of the material from the discharge opening 40 and to transport that material upwardly and rearwardly for collection in a conventional straw collection trailer trailed behind the combine harvester. Devices of this type are well known and readily available to one skilled in the art.
  • the operator can select that the housing is operated and arranged so that the chopped material is discharged at the opening 40 , transported by the wagon discharge tube to the collection trailer (or any other collection system).
  • the housing can be arranged by operating the pivotal opening section 6 so that the material is discharged onto the fins of the chaff board 7 A for spreading.
  • the housing includes the ability to select one or other of two discharge openings so that they can be used independently to provide a particular effect on the material carried in the chopping assembly.
  • the two discharge openings can be used in different ways depending upon requirements and the operator can open the second discharge opening if required or can close the second discharge opening and maintain the situation where the chopped material is discharged at the main discharge opening.
  • further discharge openings can be provided if desirable so that the operator can select one or other of a plurality of such discharge openings by utilizing additional elements of the type shown at 6 .

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US11/148,441 2004-06-14 2005-06-09 Combine harvester with ready adjustment of discharge positions of straw and chaff Abandoned US20050282602A1 (en)

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CA002470876A CA2470876C (fr) 2004-06-14 2004-06-14 Moissonneuse-batteuse a reglage immediat des positions de vidage de paille et de menue paille

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ITBO20100668A1 (it) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-10 Manuel Cestari Apparato per la frantumazione di piante di pomodoro
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US20140066148A1 (en) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-06 Cnh America Llc System and Method for Controlling the Spreading of Crop Residue Expelled from an Agricultural Combine
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WO2014181171A1 (fr) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-13 Agco Corporation Procédé et système de sortie de mog de crible
US9686916B2 (en) 2013-05-10 2017-06-27 Agco Corporation Cleaning shoe MOG discharge system
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EP2820937A1 (fr) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-07 CNH Industrial Belgium nv Tringlerie de commande pour la gestion des résidus de culture flexible
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EP3300577B1 (fr) * 2014-07-21 2019-10-16 Dean Mayerle Appareil pour hacher et décharger de la paille depuis une moissonneuse-batteuse
US10212882B2 (en) * 2014-07-21 2019-02-26 Dean Mayerle Apparatus for chopping and discharging straw from a combine harvester
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US9497903B2 (en) * 2014-10-16 2016-11-22 Agco Corporation Combine harvester residue management system
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US20190124849A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2019-05-02 Cnh Industrial America Llc Residue Handling System for an Agricultural Harvester
US10653069B2 (en) * 2014-12-23 2020-05-19 Cnh Industrial America Llc Residue handling system for an agricultural harvester
EP3092891A1 (fr) * 2015-04-30 2016-11-16 CNH Industrial Belgium nv Broyeur pour moissonneuse agricole
US9743586B2 (en) * 2015-09-17 2017-08-29 Agco Corporation Mounting arrangement for a straw chopper and chaff spreader in a combine harvester residue management system
US20170079208A1 (en) * 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 Agco Corporation Combine harvester residue management system
US10201128B2 (en) * 2015-09-29 2019-02-12 Deere & Company Straw chopper for a combine harvester having counter-blades and a straw dam
US10398082B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2019-09-03 Deere & Company Combine harvester with a straw chute and a straw conveyor
US10674662B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-06-09 Cnh Industrial America Llc Agricultural windrow chute with rolling edge
EP3395152A1 (fr) * 2017-04-28 2018-10-31 CNH Industrial Belgium NV Goulotte d'andain agricole à bord roulant
US20190059218A1 (en) * 2017-08-29 2019-02-28 Deere & Company Straw deflector for an agricultural combine
US10952373B2 (en) * 2017-08-29 2021-03-23 Deere & Company Straw deflector for an agricultural combine
US10531611B2 (en) * 2017-10-11 2020-01-14 Deere & Company Adjustable chopping assembly outlet for an agricultural combine
US20190104681A1 (en) * 2017-10-11 2019-04-11 Deere & Company Adjustable chopping assembly outlet for an agricultural combine
US20210105945A1 (en) * 2018-04-11 2021-04-15 Cnh Industrial America Llc Rotational Rotor Discharge Deflector
US11832557B2 (en) * 2018-04-11 2023-12-05 Cnh Industrial America Llc Rotational rotor discharge deflector
US20220132742A1 (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-05-05 Deere & Company Chopper with movable outlet floor ramp
US11684016B2 (en) * 2020-10-29 2023-06-27 Deere & Company Chopper with movable outlet floor ramp
WO2022142005A1 (fr) * 2020-12-30 2022-07-07 江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司 Structure d'étalement et dispositif de hachage

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CA2470876A1 (fr) 2005-12-14
US20060073860A1 (en) 2006-04-06
US7220179B2 (en) 2007-05-22
CA2470876C (fr) 2009-12-08

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